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医学命名实体识别是从医学文本中抽取出指代特定概念的医学实体，是医学信息抽取的基础性任务。当前主流的医学命名实体识别算法普遍基于深度学习技术，需要大量高质量的标注样本进行模型训练。然而医学领域的样本标注成本很高，严重限制了模型性能的提升。为了降低模型对标注样本的需求，一种重要的方法是基于主动学习思想，设计合理的样本采样策略，自动选取高价值样本优先标注，从而使模型提前收敛。现有算法普遍基于样本长度、样本识别的概率等特征来设计采样策略，忽视了样本类别分布这一深层次特征，导致命名实体识别召回率较低。提出了一种基于概率分布差异的主动学习算法，通过计算样本间的概率分布差异来评估样本的标注价值，并在标注样本更新时动态优化模型。在真实的医学检查文本上的实验表明，相比已有算法，达到同等的模型性能，该算法所需要的标注数据可缩减10%以上；在相同标注样本量的情况下，本算法F1值提高5%以上。

适宜的乳化剂组成对于乳液的特性及稳定性有重要的影响。为超声乳化制备稳定的亚麻籽油乳液，以大豆分离蛋白（SPI）和大豆磷脂（SLT）为乳化剂，亚麻籽油为油相制备O/W乳液，研究SPI与SLT比例对亚麻籽油乳液特性的影响，从乳液的微观结构、水合平均粒径、多分散指数、ζ-电位、分层稳定性、表观黏度及低场核磁共振弛豫特性等方面进行了比较。结果表明，随着SPI与SLT比例从3∶ 1减小至1∶ 3，乳液的水合平均粒径增大，多分散指数先减小后增大，ζ-电位绝对值、乳层析指数及表观黏度总体增大，且T2弛豫图谱右移，体系中氢质子所受的束缚力减小。当SPI与SLT比例为1∶ 1时，乳液的多分散指数最低（0.07±0.07）且粒径呈单峰分布，ζ-电位绝对值较高，乳层析指数较低，同时体系中氢质子所受的束缚力较大，表观黏度较大，说明所形成的亚麻籽油乳液体系更为均匀、稳定。The appropriate emulsifier composition has important influence on the properties and stability of the emulsion. In order to prepare stable flaxseed oil emulsion by ultrasound, O/W emulsion was prepared with soybean protein isolate (SPI) and soybean lecithin (SLT) as emulsifier, flaxseed oil as oil phase, and the effects of ratio of SPI to SLT on the properties of flaxseed oil emulsion were studied. The microstructure, hydrodynamic average diameter, polydispersity index, ζ-potential, creaming stability, apparent viscosity, and low-field NMR relaxation behavior were compared. The results showed that as the ratio of SPI to SLT decreased from 3∶ 1 to 1∶ 3, the hydrodynamic average diameter of the emulsion increased, the polydispersity index first decreased then increased, and the absolute value of ζ-potential, creaming index and apparent viscosity increased overall. The transverse relaxation time (T2) distribution shifted to the right, and the binding force of hydrogen protons in the system decreased. When the ratio of SPI to SLT was 1∶ 1, the polydispersity index of the emulsion was the lowest (0.07±007) with a unimodal particle size distribution. The absolute value of ζ-potential was higher, and the creaming index was lower. At the same time, the binding force of hydrogen protons in the system was relatively stronger, and the apparent viscosity was relatively larger, indicating that the formed flaxseed oil emulsion system was more uniform and stable.

目的 对比双联抗血小板与阿替普酶静脉溶栓治疗急性轻型非致残性缺血性卒中的近期临床疗效和安全性。 方法 前瞻性连续入组发病时间4.5 h内的轻型非致残性缺血性卒中（NIHSS评分≤5分，各分项单项得分≤1分且意识项为0分）患者，随机分为溶栓组和双抗组。给予溶栓组患者阿替普酶（0.9 mg/kg）静脉溶栓治疗，给予双抗组患者阿司匹林肠溶片联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片双抗治疗。评估患者治疗后7 d、14 d的NIHSS评分，并记录早期神经功能恶化、14 d内出现的出血事件。 结果 共入组131例符合纳入标准的患者，溶栓组67例，双抗组64例。双抗组和溶栓组治疗后7 d（P=0.677）、14 d（P=0.842）NIHSS评分差异均无统计学意义。双抗组14 d内出血事件的发生率有低于溶栓组的趋势，但差异未达统计学意义（1.6% vs. 7.5%，P=0.106），双抗组早期神经功能恶化的发生率也有低于溶栓组的趋势，差异也未达统计学意义（6.3% vs. 13.4%，P=0.169）。 结论 超早期阿替普酶静脉溶栓相较于双联抗血小板治疗轻型非致残性缺血性卒中并不能带来明显的短期获益，但也并不显著增加出血风险。 Abstract: Objective To compare the short-term clinical efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet and alteplase intravenous thrombolysis in the treatment of acute mild non-disabling ischemic stroke. Methods Patients with mild non-disabling ischemic stroke (NIHSS score≤5, each item score≤1 and consciousness score 0) within 4.5 h of onset were randomly divided into thrombolysis group and dual antiplatelet group. Patients in thrombolysis group were treated with alteplase (0.9 mg/kg) intravenous thrombolysis, and patients in dual antiplatelet group were treated with aspirin enteric-coated tablets combined with clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets. The NIHSS scores of the patients at 7 and 14 days after treatment were evaluated, and the early neurological deterioration and bleeding events within 14 days were recorded. Results A total of 131 patients were enrolled in the group, including 67 patients in thrombolysis group and 64 patients in dual antiplatelet group. There was no significant difference in NIHSS score between dual antiplatelet group and thrombolysis group on the 7th day (P=0.677) and 14th day (P=0.842) after treatment. The incidence of bleeding events within 14 days in the dual antiplatelet group tended to be lower than that in the thrombolysis group, but the difference was not statistically significant (1.6% vs. 7.5%, P=0.106). The incidence of early neurological deterioration in the dual antiplatelet group was also lower than that in the thrombolysis group, and the difference was not statistically significant (6.3% vs. 13.4%, P=0.169). Conclusions Ultra-early intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase does not bring significant short-term benefits compared with dual antiplatelet therapy in the treatment of mild non-disabling ischemic stroke, but it does not significantly increase the risk of bleeding.

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The stress-strain relationship of soils under confining conditions is hyperbolic. In this case, secant modulus can be adopted to calculate the vertical strain of soils, which is helpful to realize the settlement calculation. The secant modulus of the soil around stone columns was determined according to the relationship between the secant modulus and the compression index and compression modulus. The column-soil stress ratio considering the nonlinear compressibility of soils was proposed based on the assumption of equal strain, and the improved stress correction method and composite modulus method for nonlinear settlement calculation of composite foundations with stone columns were further provided. The two improved methods for the settlement calculation were verified by the model test and actual project. The results show that for the laboratory model test, the differences between the measured results and the calculated results by the improved composite modulus method and modified stress correction method are less than 1.00 mm, which indicates that the improved method for settlement calculation is reliable. For the actual project, the error between the improved composite modulus method and the measured results is 8.70%, which is less than the specified error of 55.06% by the composite modulus method in the JGJ 79—2012. The error between the improved stress correction method and the measured results is 8.73%, which is less than the specified error of 55.11% by the stress correction method in the JGJ 79—2012. The comparative analysis shows that the improved settlement calculation method is better than the composite modulus method and stress correction method in the JGJ 79—2012, and the calculated results by the improved method are closer to the measurement results, which indicates that the improved method has better reliability and applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Tropical Medicine is the property of China Tropical Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Mine Automation is the property of Industry & Mine Automation Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Tropical Medicine is the property of China Tropical Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Microplastics (MPs) refer to plastics with a diameter of less than 5 mm. As a new environmental pollutant, MPs can enter the body through the respiratory tract, digestive tract and skin, and then deposit in multiple tissues such as the intestine, liver and ovary. MPs exposure has toxic effects on the female reproductive system by affecting follicle development, oocyte quality and sex hormone levels through apoptosis, oxidative stress and disorders of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, thereby reducing female fertility. Moreover, recent studies have found that MPs can enter the placenta and lead to the abnormal placental metabolism, immune imbalance at the maternal and fetal interface, and the impaired placental structure. MPs can further enter the offspring through the placental barrier after maternal exposure to MPs, causing adverse effects on the neural, digestive, reproductive and other multiple systems of the offspring. Given the toxicity of MPs and the persistence in environment, the exposure to MPs should be reduced in daily life to prevent human from the harm of MPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Architectural Design & Research is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the effects of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide combined with bisoprolol on the efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: A total of 90 AMI patients underwent PCI treatment admitted into the hospital from Feb. 2020 to Mar. 2022 were selected to be divided into control group and observation group via random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. The control group was treated with bisoprolol, while the observation group was given recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide combined with bisoprolol. The efficacy and incidences of major adverse cardiovascular events ( MACE) of two groups were observed, the cardiac function [ stroke volume ( SV), left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) and cardiac output ( CO)], oxidative stress [ malondialdehyde ( MDA), superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)] and other laboratory indicators [ lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), connexin 43 (Cx43) and heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP)] were compared between two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS: The total effective rate of the observation group was 93. 33% (42 / 45), higher than 77. 78% (35 / 45) of the control group, with statistically significant difference (P< 0. 05). At 7 days and 1 month after treatment, the SV, LVEF and CO levels of the observation group were higher than those of the control group; the MPO and MDA levels were lower and the SOD level was higher in the observation group than those in the control group; the Lp-PLA2 and H-FABP levels were lower and the Cx43 level was higher in the observation group than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). The incidence of MACE was 11. 36% ( 5 / 44) in the observation group and 23. 26% ( 10 / 43) in the control group, the difference between two groups was not statistically significant ( P > 0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide with bisoprolol in the treatment of AMI patients can significantly improve cardiac function, relieve oxidative stress, reduce the risk of MACE by regulating Lp-PLA2, H-FABP and Cx43 levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences) is the property of Xian Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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In order to quantify the influence of the train axle load and base cavity on the dynamic responses of heavy haul railway tunnel, a train-tunnel-surrounding rock numerical model was established by using ABAQUS and Hertz nonlinear wheel-rail contact theory to analyze the dynamic response characteristics of a heavy-haul railway tunnel with base cavity in hard rock, and to determine its potential vulnerable positions. The results suggested that under the action of surrounding rock pressure and 30 t trainaxle load, the maximum principal strain’s amplitude of the bottom structure with cavity was 82.28×10−6, 87.26% higher than that without considering the base cavity. The lower part of the side drain and rail were the two main vulnerable positions in the tunnel bottom structure, because the tunnel’s maximum dynamic responses caused by train load is located below the rail, while the maximum static value caused by surrounding rock pressure is located below the side drain. Hard rock tunnel has a higher dynamic responses and thinner structure under the rail, so the possibility of base disease under the rail may be higher in hard rock tunnel, while the base disease is more likely to occur at the side drain in soft rock tunnel. When the axle load increased by 1 t, with or without cavity, the amplitude of the maximum principal strain in bottom structure increased by 2.56×10−6 and 1.41×10−6, respectively. The dynamic amplitude and static strain of tunnel bottom structures are both greatly increased by the base cavity, which is very unfavorable to the tunnel bottom structure. When the cavity width increased by 10 cm, the amplitude of the maximum principal strain of the bottom structure under the rail increased by about 12.18×10−6, and the static value increased by 3.71×10−6 . However, when the width of the cavity exceeds 50 cm, its growth rate decreases. It is expected to provide a reference for heavy haul railway to improve the axle load and reduce the probability of tunnel’s base disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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