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The aim of this research is to develop teaching materials in the form of a reference book based on studies of plant medicinal identification in the people of the Moloku Kieraha sultanate. The research involved students in semester 2 of the Unkhair Postgraduate Biology Education program for the 2023/2024 academic year. The study used interview sheets, observation sheets, validation sheets, and response questionnaires for data collection, and validation sheet and product trial analysis for analysis. The results of the research identifies 36 medicinal plants used by the Serawai tribe community in Torano Village, Central Ternate District, Maluku Province. Phytochemical analysis reveals that these plants contain secondary metabolite compounds, including tannins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids. Students showed a positive response to the medicinal plant reference book that had been developed, with an interest level reaching 98%. Therefore, teaching materials are needed to guide students in conducting phytochemical tests to determine the content, benefits, and techniques of phytochemical screening in natural materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to know the Ash'ari scholars in Indonesia in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, in view of what was circulated among the people in Indonesia that the Nine Saints who contributed to the Islamization of the land of Java were the Ash'aris. In other words, the research wants to answer the question: Are the Nine Saints Ash'arite? Who are they and their classes? Therefore, the research attempts to achieve this and verify it according to an academic scientific method. The research is carried out with an integrated qualitative method, using a historical and analytical approach (heuristic), which collects all relevant data through induction, library research, documentation. It relies mainly on basic references such as the book Suluk Wujil and the book of Primbon Bonang by Sunan Bonang, and it also relies on second sources such as the book Atlas of the Nine Saints by the Indonesian historian Agus Sunyoto. This research is distinguished from other similar previous studies in its focus on revealing and investigating the ideology of the Nine Saints. The results reached by the research are that nine saints are of Ash'arism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional handicrafts in Indonesia are one part of the seven elements of intangible cultural heritage based on the UNESCO Conference 2003. Currently, not everyone from the general public knows their area’s existence and types of traditional handicrafts. This study describes how the presence, number, and types of traditional handicrafts in Malang Raya are part of Indonesia’s cultural heritage. The research method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive type. The research location takes place in the Malang Raya region - including Malang City, Malang Regency, and Batu City. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, documentation, and recording. Primary data sources in this study were obtained from direct sources, and secondary data sources were from documentation, reference books, and relevant research journals. The technique of collecting data sources in this research is using the snowball sampling technique. The data analysis used is qualitative data analysis, which includes three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that traditional crafts in Malang Raya do still exist. However, not many people know or are interested in these traditional crafts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Representative biology textbooks for secondary school students from Korea, Indonesia, and the USA were compared to explain the differences among each country's biodiversity-related contents. For comparison, a specialised technical book was added as a reference book. Textbooks from Korea, Indonesia, and the USA have similar main sub-sections of biodiversity contents. However, both Indonesian and American biological textbooks have special additional sub-sections that differed from Korean textbook. However, none of these biological textbooks presented fully similar explanation with the reference book as a standard. Since there were several differences in explaining major topics of biodiversity in each country, we suggest that curricula compilers adapt provided biodiversity related-contents for presenting them better in the future. In addition, we also suggest biology textbook authors in Korea to add more native biological diversity examples in biodiversity content especially in conservation sub-section. With this, we hope students can learn and know more their countries' biodiversity richness through biological textbook. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers reasons why the number of scientific publications produced in Indonesia remain low in comparison to other countries, as is the number of scientific researchers. These issues are caused by many factors, including the fact that researchers often experience difficulties in obtaining references to both books and journals that support their research, and secondly that researchers find it difficult to find research partners who have scientific similarities and interests in one research topic. The purpose of this study is to answer the above problems through the design and development of an application called thinkgather.com, an interactive medium for researchers. One of the advantages of this application is being able to connect between one researcher and another researcher in one social media. This research was designed to have 3 stages of research, namely the preliminary study and data collection stage, the planning and building stage, the limited scale trial stage. It is expected that the thinkgather.com application can become a means of researchers as a media discussion and facilitate researchers in finding partners in the research that will be carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the history and characteristics of Padmasusastra's encyclopedia "Layang Bauwarna," subtitled "Javanese encyclopaedia." Padmasusastra worked about 20 years on the encyclopedia, starting in 1899. The encyclopedia follows a system in which the whole of knowledge has been analyzed into very specific topics. The topics are arranged according to the Javanese alphabet. Under each headword, condensed entries convey the essential information. The last entry in the encyclopedia was the eruption of Gunung Kelud on May 21, 1919.