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The article focuses on various papers and posters which were presented during the 39th Annual Meeting of the College of Optometrists in Vision Development (COVD) in Denver, Colorado in 2009. They include "Long Term Results of Treatment of Convergence Insufficiency in Children," by Mitchell Scheiman, "Detection of Visual Efficiency Problems Using Vera School Screening Software," by Michael Gallaway and G. Lynn Mitchell and "Optometric Remediation of Amblyopia Post Unilateral Cataract Extraction," by Hadassa Rutman.

This paper covers developments from International Embryo Technology Society (IETS) meetings over the past 50 years. The IETS was officially 'born' at a meeting in Denver, Colorado on Sunday 26 May 1974. There have been 51 IETS meetings (the first was in May 1974), and the first conference at which papers were presented was in 1975. The name of the IETS was changed from International Embryo Transfer Society to International Embryo Technology Society in 2016. The annual IETS conferences are held once a year in January. Embryo technology advanced from the laborious and slow techniques of surgical recovery and transfer of bovine embryos to non-surgical recovery and transfer in many species. Cryopreservation of embryos was initially a slow process that met with only moderate technical success before the development of technology that resulted in high embryo survival rates. The polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the sex of embryos following laminar flow cytology, which came into use to separate X- and Y-bearing spermatozoa. IVF has grown to become widely used, and several factors make it more useful than superovulation and embryo recovery/transfer. Perhaps the most important tool of all was the system that allowed the genetic 'mapping' of the genomic sequence of Bos taurus cattle. Charting key DNA differences by scientists, 'haplotypes' are now used routinely to identify animals with desirable traits of economic importance, discover new genetic disorders, and track carrier status of genotyped animals. Future technology is discussed. This paper deals with the 50-year history of embryo transfer technology. It covers the formation of the International Embryo Technology Society, a group of scientists and veterinarians who study or work in the field of embryos and the animals that produce them. These embryos can be frozen, moved from animal to animal, maintained outside the female, and modified by a number of procedures. Photograph by Jenson. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By reducing fossil fuel use, renewable energy improves the economy, quality of life, and environment. These impacts make renewable energy forecasting crucial for lowering fossil fuel utilization. This paper aims to mathematically improve time series forecasting literature by focusing on solar irradiance applications in Los Angeles, Denver, and Hawaii solar irradiance sites. A three-phased time series forecasting hybrid method is devised for this endeavor. The ARFIMA is used to forecast the original solar irradiance time series in phase I. Next, the dataset's residuals, are retrieved by subtracting the phase I results from the observed time series to prepare the scenario for the following phase. A novel enhanced fractional Brownian motion is used for residual forecasting in phase II. The parameter estimation in phase II is implemented adaptively to capture the dynamic statistical characteristics of the time series efficiently. Finally, the phases I and II results are numerically conglomerated to form the final forecasting results in phase III. The residual forecasting part, in phase II, reveals a substantial superiority. Also, when comparing the proposed hybrid algorithm results to other existing cutting-edge algorithms applied to the same solar irradiance applications, the output demonstrates that the suggested algorithm has a significantly improved performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the covid-19 pandemic, basic income pilot programs spread across U.S. cities like the novel coronavirus itself. The policy of no-strings-attached cash transfers marks a potentially significant change in the development of post-austerity politics, but only if basic income programs can endure beyond their trial phase. This paper centers the phenomenon of viral cash —cash transfer programs that mutate and multiply like the coronavirus to which they respond—as a means of assessing the possible pathways from trial programs to standing policy. Drawing on case studies of pilot programs in Minneapolis, St. Paul, and Denver, I argue that basic income pilots extend beyond their end-date by creating individual and institutional constituencies invested in unconditional cash transfers. Focusing on these constituencies draws attention to basic income's role in popularizing child tax credits, program cash stipends and other policy reforms recently enacted by cities and states. Seen this way, basic income's virus-like susceptibility to mutation plays a key role in seeding support for urban policies and politics that counter prior austerity by centering investment in human capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on several papers discussed at the 22nd Annual Mid-Year Meeting of the American Taxation Association held in Denver, Colorado on February 19-20, 2010. The meeting featured Continuing Professional Education (CPE) sessions with papers on tax administration, book-tax difference disclosure and the nature of tax. Presenters and researchers featured in the meeting includes former Internal Revenue Service Commissioner Deborah Nolan, Michael P. Donohoe and John Robinson.

Renewable energy production may offer advantages to human health by way of less pollution and fewer climate-change associated ill-health effects. Limited data suggests that renewable energy will also offer benefits to workers in the form of reduced occupational injury, illness and deaths. However, studies of worker safety and health in the industry are limited. The Mountain and Plains Education and Research Center (MAP ERC) Energy Summit held in April 2011 explored issues concerning worker health and safety in the renewable energy industry. The limited information on hazards of working in the renewable energy industry emphasizes the need for further research. Two basic approaches to guiding both prevention and future research should include: (1) applying lessons learned from other fields of occupational safety and health, particularly the extractive energy industry; and (2) utilizing knowledge of occupational hazards of specific materials and processes used in the renewable energy industry. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:1359-1370, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Announces that the theme `Issues of Women's Status, Families, and Children in Islamic and Judaic Traditions, History, and Contemporary Concerns' will be discussed at a conference co-sponsored by the University of Denver's Institute for Islamic-Judaic Studies, Center for Judaic Studies and the American Jewish Committee to be held on October 23-25, 1994 in Denver, Colorado.

Fifty years ago, basic scientific studies and the availability of assay methods made the assessment of risk in paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning possible. The use of the antidote acetylcysteine linked to new methods of risk assessment transformed the treatment of this poisoning. This review will describe the way in which risk assessment and treatments have developed over the last 50 years and highlight the remaining areas of uncertainty. A search of PubMed and its subsidiary databases revealed 1,166 references published in the period 1963–2023 using the combined terms "paracetamol", "poisoning", and "acetylcysteine". Focused searches then identified 170 papers dealing with risk assessment of paracetamol poisoning, 141 with adverse reactions to acetylcysteine and 114 describing different acetylcysteine regimens. To manage the extensive literature, we focused mainly on contributions made by the authors during their time in Edinburgh and Denver. The key relationship between paracetamol dose and toxicity risk was established in 1971 and led to the development of the Rumack-Matthew nomogram from data collected in Edinburgh. A series of papers on the mechanisms of toxicity were published in 1973, and these showed that paracetamol hepatotoxicity was caused by the formation of a toxic intermediate epoxide metabolite normally detoxified by glutathione but which, in excess, was bound covalently to hepatic enzymes and proteins. An understanding of the relationship between the rate of paracetamol metabolism, paracetamol concentration, and toxic hazard in humans soon followed. These discoveries were followed by the testing of a range of sulfhydryl-donors in animals and "at risk" patients. Acetylcysteine was developed as the lead intravenous antidote in the United Kingdom. The license holder in the United States refused to make an intravenous formulation. Thus, oral acetylcysteine became the antidote trialed in the United States National Multicenter Study. Intravenous acetylcysteine regimens used initially in the United Kingdom and subsequently in the United States used loading doses of 150 mg/kg over 15 minutes or one hour, 50 mg/kg over four hours, and 100 mg/kg over 16 hours. These regimens were associated with adverse drug reactions (nausea, vomiting and anaphylactoid reactions) and hence, treatment interruption. Newer dosing regimens now give loading doses more slowly. One, the Scottish and Newcastle Anti-emetic Pretreatment protocol, using an acetylcysteine regimen of 100 mg/kg over two hours followed by 200 mg/kg over 10 hours, has been widely adopted in the United Kingdom. A cohort comparison study suggests this regimen has comparable efficacy to standard regimens and offers opportunities for selective higher acetylcysteine dosing. No dose-ranging studies with acetylcysteine were done, and no placebo-controlled studies were performed. Thus, there is uncertainty regarding the optimal dose of acetylcysteine, particularly in patients ingesting very large overdoses of paracetamol. The choice of intervention concentration on the Rumack-Matthew nomogram has important consequences for the proportion of patients treated. The United States National Multicenter Study used a "treatment" line starting at 150 mg/L (992 µmol/L) at 4 hours post overdose, extending to 24 hours with a half-life of 4 hours, now standard there, and subsequently adopted in Australia and New Zealand. In the United Kingdom, the treatment line was initially 200 mg/L (1,323 µmol/L) at 4 hours (the Rumack-Matthew "risk" line). In 2012, the United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency lowered the treatment line to 100 mg/L (662 µmol/L) at 4 hours for all patients, increasing the number of patients admitted and treated at a high cost. Risk assessment is a key issue for ongoing study, particularly following the development of potential new antidotes that may act in those at greatest risk. The development of biomarkers to assess risk is ongoing but has yet to reach clinical trials. Even after 50 years, there are still areas of uncertainty. These include appropriate acetylcysteine doses in patients who ingest different paracetamol doses or multiple (staggered) ingestions, early identification of at-risk patients, and optimal treatment of late presenters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce a JINS special section inspired by a symposium presented at INS 2020 in Denver. The symposium was entitled Truly Cross-fit: The Association of Exercise and Cognitive Reserve. The collection of papers herein spans diverse methods, a range of developmental and clinical conditions, and a variety of outcomes all reflecting on the association of exercise and cognition-related outcomes. Taken together, the studies in this Special Section direct us to the variety of dimensions to be considered in understanding this association including what mode, intensity, duration, and timing of physical activity and aspects of age, sex, genetics, baseline characteristics, and disease status moderate these findings. We hope this Special Section will not only provide a framing for important future research on exercise and clinical outcomes but also inspiration to pursue them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ground‐level ozone (O3) was unusually high in northern Colorado in the summer of 2021 with maximum daily 8‐hr average (MDA8) concentrations 6 to 8 parts‐per‐billion by volume (ppbv) higher than in 2019, 2020, or 2022. One or more of the monitors on the Colorado Front Range exceeded the 2015 U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 70 ppbv on 66 of the 122 days from 1 June to 30 September, and this record number of exceedances coincided with the near daily presence of dispersed smoke haze from wildfires in Arizona, California, and the Pacific Northwest. In this paper, we use regulatory and non‐regulatory surface O3 and PM2.5 measurements in conjunction with ground‐based lidar observations to estimate how much O3 was associated with the wildfire smoke. Analyses of the surface measurements suggest that pyrogenic O3 transported to northern Colorado with the smoke increased the surface concentrations in northern Colorado by an average of 8 ppbv in July, 3 ppbv in August, and 2 ppbv in September. Analysis of the lidar measurements showed these contributions to be as large as 12 ppbv on some days. Production of O3 from reactions of pyrogenic VOCs and locally emitted NOx appears to have been minimal (<3 ppbv) in the Boulder area, but may have been much larger in the suburbs southwest of downtown Denver. Plain Language Summary: Northern Colorado experienced unusually poor air quality in the summer of 2021 with frequent high ozone (O3) episodes and hazy skies caused by smoke from wildfires in Arizona, California, and the Pacific Northwest. In this study, we use surface and lidar measurements to explore the connection between the two. Our analysis suggests that the unusually high O3 was caused primarily by a combination of O3 transported to Colorado with the wildfire smoke and enhancement of local photochemical production by unusually clear skies and warm temperatures coupled with weak winds that led to localized O3 accumulations and fewer than normal thunderstorms that might otherwise have dispersed the O3. Production of O3 by reactions of locally emitted NOx with VOCs in the wildfire smoke may also have been significant in Southwest Denver. Key Points: The impacts of the 2021 western wildfires on ozone in the Denver metropolitan area and rural northern Colorado in 2021 are examinedOzone transported in the smoke from distant wildfires increased the 8‐hr concentrations in northern Colorado by an average of 8 ppbv in JulyUnusual meteorology, including fewer thunderstorms, allowed ozone produced locally to accumulate along the foothills west of Denver [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coarse particle flotation (CPF) is one of the strategies employed to reduce energy consumption in mineral-processing circuits. HydrofloatTM (HF) technology has been successfully applied in the coarse flotation of industrial minerals and sulphide middlings. However, this technology has not yet been applied in platinum group minerals (PGMs)' flotation. In this paper, the amenability of platinum group minerals to CPF was investigated. Extensive flotation testwork was conducted to optimise the hydrodynamic parameters, i.e., bed level, air and water flow rates, in the flotation of coarse PGM feed using Hydrofloat. Mineralogical analysis of the feed and selected flotation products was conducted to understand the reasons for the recovery and loss of the valuable minerals. The results showed that the HF separator could upgrade the PGM ore with particles as coarse as +106 − 300 µm. For the optimised test, a reasonable Pt, Pd and Au recovery of 84% was achieved at a grade of 10 g/t and 16.5% mass pull, despite the platinum group minerals being poorly liberated (4.5 vol% fully liberated). The results demonstrated that HF achieved high recovery efficiencies across the 150–300 microns size fraction. The HF was therefore able to substantially increase the upper particle size that can be successfully treated by flotation in PGM operations. It was found that an increase in bed height, water rate and air flow rate resulted in an increase in recovery to a maximum. A further increase in the hydrodynamic parameters resulted in a decline in recovery. Hydrofloat outperformed the conventional Denver flotation machine across the following size fractions: +106 − 150 µm, +150 − 212 µm, +212 − 250 µm and +250 − 300 µm. The practical implications of the findings on the modification of existing circuits and the design of novel flowsheets for the processing of PGM ores with less water and energy consumption are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to advance the current research on the new super diverging diamond interchange (Super DDI) design by evaluating the safety performance of its two versions (super DDI-1 and super DDI-2) using real-field data. Three interchanges were selected in Denver metro, Colorado as the potential candidates to model for future retrofit. This study considered four interchange designs (i.e., existing diamond, DDI, super DDI-1, and super DDI-2) to assess the safety performance using the combination of VISSIM, Synchro, and SSAM analyzing tools. Several microsimulation models (120 scenarios with 600 runs in total) were created with three peak hours (AM, Noon, and PM) for existing (the year 2020) and projected (the year 2030) traffic volumes. Based on the results, both super DDI versions showed high potential in improving safety. As an important finding from this research, super DDI designs outperformed DDI when considering adjacent signals, while DDI performed apparently similar or sometimes even insignificantly better compared to super DDI if no adjacent intersections were located in the vicinity and if the demand was lower than DDI's capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a spatial econometric model of transportation mode choice and tests the association between zoning and other built environment variables and the choice of auto and non-auto transportation. We provide an extensive review of spatial econometrics and demonstrate the importance of using models that treat space formally when investigating urban transportation behavior. Using a unique combination of travel, employment, and built environment datasets from Denver, Colorado, we confirm previous results that built environment variables have a small association with choice of transportation mode and show the benefits of formal spatial modeling to the traditional probit model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the effect of craft breweries on residential property values. Using a hedonic Difference‐in‐Differences (DID) approach and about 250 thousand housing transactions in Denver, Colorado from 1990 to 2016, we investigate the impact of proximity to a craft brewery on residential property values. We consider three types of residence (single‐family home, row house, and condominiums), three types of brewery (all craft breweries, microbreweries, and brewpubs/taprooms), and two measurements of distance (Euclidian and walk‐time). Our most robust results are found for single‐family homes, whose values enjoy a premium of up to 20.4% for being in proximity to a brewpub/taproom several years after, with the average annual maximum premium around 3%. As expected, premiums decline as distance from breweries increase. Beyond a distance of 0.5 km or a 10‐min walk‐time, the premium for a regional/microbrewery is greater than that for a brewpub/taproom. For single family homes within 4 km or 40‐min walk‐time, the annualized premium ranges between 0.41% and 3.01%. These findings support the narrative that craft breweries are a neighborhood asset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence assignments lead this article's 11 teaching innovations selected from the My Favorite Assignments presented at the 2023 Association for Business Communication's Annual International Conference held in Denver, Colorado. USA. Pedagogy presented here also includes ideas to enhance student engagement and techniques to transform learning via gamification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) pollution is a major health risk. Networks of low-cost sensors (LCS) are increasingly being used to understand local-scale air pollution variation. However, measurements from LCS have uncertainties that can act as a potential barrier to effective decision making. LCS data thus need adequate calibration to obtain good quality PM 2.5 estimates. In order to develop calibration factors, one or more LCS are typically co-located with reference monitors for short or long periods of time. A calibration model is then developed that characterizes the relationships between the raw output of the LCS and measurements from the reference monitors. This calibration model is then typically transferred from the co-located sensors to other sensors in the network. Calibration models tend to be evaluated based on their performance only at co-location sites. It is often implicitly assumed that the conditions at the relatively sparse co-location sites are representative of the LCS network overall and that the calibration model developed is not overfitted to the co-location sites. Little work has explicitly evaluated how transferable calibration models developed at co-location sites are to the rest of an LCS network, even after appropriate cross-validation. Further, few studies have evaluated the sensitivity of key LCS use cases, such as hotspot detection, to the calibration model applied. Finally, there has been a dearth of research on how the duration of co-location (short-term or long-term) can impact these results. This paper attempts to fill these gaps using data from a dense network of LCS monitors in Denver deployed through the city's "Love My Air" program. It offers a series of transferability metrics for calibration models that can be used in other LCS networks and some suggestions as to which calibration model would be most useful for achieving different end goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper provides the events that led to one of the worst fires in the nuclear industry, if not the worst. The fire occurred at the former Rocky Flats plant located near Denver, Colorado. If it occurred today, the cost of the damage would likely approach or exceed $1B dollars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What are some of the lessons learnt from a decade of crises in European integration? EU studies scholars have set themselves the task not only to gain a deeper understanding of the many aspects of the process of European integration, but also to inform the EU policy debate so that lessons can be learnt from the past. This special issue brings together some of the best papers from the European Union Studies Association's 2019 conference in Denver, Colorado. Three themes emerge from the collection: the effect of crises on changing modes of EU governance, the impact of domestic politics and public opinion on EU policies, and the growing influence and relevance of the EU's supranational legal framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model is a theory of educational psychology that studies human development over time. Drawing on Bronfenbrenner's early theory on ecological systems, this paper focuses on the Mesosystem and Exosystem – environments in which Bilingual First Language Acquisition (BFLA) Spanish-English Mexican American children develop. It can also be regarded as a research on the immigrant community, as this paper looks at BFLA Spanish-English Mexican American bilinguals at an elementary school in Denver Public Schools (DPS), Colorado. As a marginalized immigrant community in America, their voices tell a story of their struggles, as they acculturate in America through their attempt to blend heritage, societal languages, and cultural practices. Globeville, a neighborhood located in North Denver, is home to many BFLA Spanish-English Mexican Americans. It shapes their growth, repositioning, and struggles as they learn to assimilate and acculturate in order to be accepted. Using historiography as a methodology, Globeville became the data itself, presenting a different kind of learning environment that promotes growth despite the odds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines relationships between stormwater control measure (SCM) priorities and environmental value orientations among stormwater managers in Cleveland, Ohio and Denver, Colorado, metro regions with contrasting environmental conditions and policy contexts. While studies show that governance explains differences in broad SCM priorities, less is known about what motivates individual "street level bureaucrats" who influence decisions at the project level. Drawing from cognitive social science perspectives, this study surveyed stormwater professionals (n = 185) about primary and co‐benefit SCM priorities and environmental value orientation. Results revealed different primary SCM priorities by region: Cleveland and Denver respondents prioritized quantity and quality goals, respectively, reflecting regional context. Co‐benefit priorities correlated to two environmental value orientation clusters — "Traditional Technocrats" with relatively anthropocentric orientations and "Champions" with relatively ecocentric orientations — who were equally abundant in both regions. Findings suggest that environmental value orientation influences co‐benefit priorities, which may have implications for project level articulation of policy. Research Impact Statement: Pro‐environment stormwater managers prioritize environmental co‐benefits in projects more than traditional technocrats, with implications for the use of stormwater policy for greening urban land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For 3 decades, U.S. federal housing policies have sought to increase access to socially diverse and high opportunity neighborhoods and improve the quality of life for low-income families. Absent from current discussions of the costs and benefits of socially mixed communities is the potential value that they may have to low-income families seeking to purchase their own homes. In this paper, we examine the extent to which participation in homebuyer education and counseling programs supports sustainable low-income homeownership in socially mixed neighborhoods. Using quasi-experimental methodologies and longitudinal data from the Denver Housing Study for a sample of 533 low-income homebuyers, this study examines whether, compared with a comparison group of public housing residents who purchased homes on their own, participants in Denver Housing Authority's (DHA) homebuyer education and counseling program (HOP) were (1) more likely to purchase homes in socially mixed destination neighborhoods; and (2) sustain homeownership over time. Results show that low-income homebuyers purchased homes in destination neighborhoods characterized by considerable ethnic and income mix. When compared to non-HOP homebuyers, HOP homebuyers also were better off in terms of 2018 home value appreciation and fewer foreclosures, suggesting that homebuyer education and counseling improves long-term sustainability of homeownership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unprecedented circumstances of the COVID- 19 pandemic have revealed weaknesses in our emergency food distribution programs and also highlighted the importance of the adaptive capacity that is actively fostered within such programs. Community-based food distribution programs have faced an increased reliance on their services due to record-breaking food insecurity since March 2020. Concurrently, these emergency food distribution programs have had to deal with the logistical challenges of operating their programs during a pandemic. How are they adapting, and which existing organizational assets have they been able to draw from and/or strengthen? Based on in-depth qualitative research with emergency food distribution programs in Boulder and Denver, Colorado, this paper analyzes how their operational responses to the COVID-19 crisis both demonstrate and reinforce adaptive capacities. By drawing from collective resources, leveraging the efficiency of their flexible and decentralized structures, and networking across organizations, the programs in our study took advantage of existing organizational assets. At the same time, we argue that by overcoming logistical and practical barriers to address emerging food insecurity needs, they simultaneously deepened their adaptive capacities to respond to ongoing and future crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the broadly held assumption that having an iconic building designed by a celebrity architect can effectively rebrand a place, draw tourists, and stimulate economic activity, star architecture does more than just contribute to the economic fortunes of regional cities. Iconic projects also emerge from and reflect the discourses, desires, and identities of city dwellers in the places they are built. In this paper, we use newspaper coverage of five iconic or star architecture buildings in Denver, Colorado, USA, to expose how architecture contributes to local discourses. What emerges is a complex picture of how local press engage with star architecture projects. Star architecture buildings do more than just contribute to the economic fortunes of a city or region: they also contribute to the mental map of a place, become contributors to city identity, and create opportunities for conversations about culture and architecture, including the basis for comparisons with other cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar forecasting plays a key part in the renewable energy transition. Major challenges, related to load balancing and grid stability, emerge when a high percentage of energy is provided by renewables. These can be tackled by new energy management strategies guided by power forecasts. This paper presents a data-driven and contextual optimisation forecasting (DCF) algorithm for solar irradiance that was comprehensively validated using short- and long-term predictions, in three US cities: Denver, Boston, and Seattle. Moreover, step-by-step implementation guidelines to follow and reproduce the results were proposed. Initially, a comparative study of two machine learning (ML) algorithms, the support vector machine (SVM) and Facebook Prophet (FBP) for solar prediction was conducted. The short-term SVM outperformed the FBP model for the 1- and 2- hour prediction, achieving a coefficient of determination (R2) of 91.2% in Boston. However, FBP displayed sustained performance for increasing the forecast horizon and yielded better results for 3-hour and long-term forecasts. The algorithms were optimised by further contextual model adjustments which resulted in substantially improved performance. Thus, DCF utilised SVM for short-term and FBP for long-term predictions and optimised their performance using contextual information. DCF achieved consistent performance for the three cities and for long- and short-term predictions, with an average R2 of 85%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on Annual Quality Congress (AQC) technical program committee's issuance of a call for papers for the 56th AQC slated for May 20-22, 2002 in Denver, Colorado. Research categories; Submission deadline.

Although U.S. cities are expanding "anti-homeless" legislation – such as laws against public sleeping or use of shelter – there is little research on the public health consequences. Officials argue that laws forbidding public sleeping, and other forms of behavioral supervision, are "tough love" strategies to compel people experiencing homelessness to improve their health by leaving the streets and using services. To test these claims and understand the public health implications of "quality of life" laws enforced against the homeless, this paper reports on a community-based participatory research survey of 484 individuals experiencing homelessness in Denver, Colorado. Results indicate that respondents have worse sleep habits and mental health outcomes when worried about police contact; people seek isolated sleeping locations to avoid police contact, resulting in more assault; and individuals are more at risk of exposure to weather-related hazards if they have been instructed to quit using shelter. This evidence contradicts the "tough love" defense of the criminalization of homelessness, as the health and wellbeing of people experiencing homelessness is worsened through "quality of life" policing. Results from this survey have been used by community partners and local policymakers to successfully advance district court arguments that anti-homeless legislation in Denver, Colorado is unconstitutional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large number of bridges and structures in Colorado are supported by drilled caissons and shafts socketed in weak clay-bearing rocks (e.g., Denver blue claystone and Pierre shale). During the construction of caissons using the wet drilling technique, drilling fluid gets in direct contact with the bedrock, potentially causing their slaking and degradation and, thus, undermining the foundation capacity. This paper evaluates the effect of water infiltration on the axial capacity of caissons embedded in claystone. The methodology of this research combines laboratory testing and coupled finite-element analysis for unsaturated porous materials. A series of experiments were conducted to determine the hydraulic characteristics and the strength-suction relations of the claystone samples obtained from three sites near Denver, Colorado. These parameters were then used in numerical studies of wet drilled caissons subjected to different wetting times (i.e., the time interval between the completion of drilling and the placement of concrete). Adopting the coupled unsaturated flow and mechanical analysis in ABAQUS, a workflow was developed for modeling the full process of drilling, fluid infiltration, caisson construction, and in situ axial loadings. The results showed that among the three sites, the immediate caisson capacity reduction was the highest (≈19%) for the most permeable and water-sensitive formation. On the other hand, the capacity reduction was found to be negligible (≈0%) if the rock was relatively intact with low permeability, regardless of its strength-suction characteristics. Parametric studies also showed that bedrocks with a lower initial degree of saturation experience more rapid and significant strength reduction upon wetting. These results provide the basis to establish practical guidance to evaluate and minimize the impact of wetting time on caisson constructions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports that the International History, Philosophy and Science Teaching Group is holding its sixth International Conference at the Adam's Mark Hotel, Denver, Colorado, during November 8-11, 2001. Some plenary lectures, socials and other conference activities will be shared, as well as paper sessions. Articles dealing with the engagement of history, philosophy and sociology of science with theoretical, curricular and pedagogical issues in science and mathematics education are welcome.

The removal and destruction of Angelo di Benedetto’s Justice Through the Ages mural (1976-1977) from the Colorado State Judicial Building in 2010 marked the loss of a civic icon by a local Denver artist. The mural did not have controversial imagery; rather, its toxic substance (i.e., asbestos) determined administrators’ push for demolition. Far from a thoughtless choice, however, di Benedetto’s use of compressed asbestos panels was in line with a career spent selecting materials for their formal and functional possibilities. This article considers how the end stage of the mural exposes public art’s material matters. When fear of invisible fibers floating in the air became a significant concern, a three-decade-old mural was reduced to just dust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Situated between the Rocky Mountains and the city limits of Denver, Colorado's Broncos Stadium at Mile High relies on a narrative of the Western frontier to connect with visitors. Through the integration of a toponymical approach to spatial research, I argue that the stadium navigates rhetorical tensions of a public-place that has also been commodified as a private-market. By understanding the stadium as a persuasive text, this paper argues that the commodification of place-naming works in service to a neoliberal agenda, embedding capitalist and consumerist norms into the space. As the stadium exists as both a place of public memory as well as a private market, the stadium functions as a liminal space where visitors are neither wholly enmeshed in a public place, nor in a private market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the wake of a turning tide on the legalization of medicinal and recreational marijuana, and with the recent decriminalization of psilocybin in Denver, a psychedelic renaissance may too be on the horizon. Psychedelics have again become the subject of rigorous study at institutions such as Yale, UCLA, NYU, and Johns Hopkins. Many clinical accounts underscore the psychedelic experience with a "dissolution of the self" as an entity separate from the universe, producing a subjective–objective duality. By delving into clinical accounts of altered states of consciousness, this paper will identify potential "psychedelic strategies" which suggest alternative modes of translation and representation of the human body in relation to interior space, integrating the self with the built and natural environment, ultimately offering designers powerful tools to generate more socially, politically, and environmentally conscious interior futures, perhaps an alternate phenomenology of the interior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore which project management strategies could reduce voluntary turnover rates among top-tier aerospace project members at Company X in Denver, Colorado. The study utilized a qualitative case study focusing on interviews with 10 members from the target population to investigate. The sample group met the following criteria: the participant must have had a salary of at least $75,000 per year, must have been employed by Company X for at least two years, must have been fully promotable (must have completed any professional development courses required to advance), must have worked on a project in the last six months, and must have had a desire to advance into a management position. The resulting data was consistent, trustworthy, credible, and repeatable. Key findings include a strong relationship between strong project management leadership and a reduced turnover intention among the population. Specifically, project managers are strongly advised to establish project goals clearly and team member expectations at the beginning of a project, enable a healthy team dynamic, confirm top-tier employees are being compensated fairly, ensure that employees are appropriately recognized for their accomplishments, afford challenging and meaningful work, actively safeguard against employee stagnation and burnout, resolve conflicts quickly, and establish a detailed individual development plan process for each team member. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for individual cities in large metropolitan areas is confounded by spatial scale and boundary effects that impact the allocation of transportation fuels used for surface transport and airline travel. This paper expands on a demand-based methodology to spatially allocate transportation fuel use (surface and airline) among colocated cities in the United States that are part of a larger metropolitan area commutershed on the basis of demand for surface vehicle miles traveled (VMT) exerted by individual cities. By using travel demand models for metropolitan planning organizations, the demand method was first applied as part of the city of Denver's GHG inventory in 2005 to develop a material flow analysis (MFA) of gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel consumption at the city scale. This paper reports on the application of the same method to six major metropolitan regions across the United States and a detailed analysis of all 27 cities within the larger Denver metro region. The analysis of six metropolitan areas in the United States demonstrated (1) the demand method produces VMT estimates allocated to cities across the commutershed that are similar (within 6%) to the boundary-limited polygon approach (linear correlation coefficient R2=0.82; slope m=0.98); (2) airline travel allocation by vehicular trip count ratios to the regional airport from colocated cities produces results similar to regional airline travel allocation by population ratios (linear correlation coefficient R2=0.96; slope m=0.99); and (3) the method is replicable with necessary data available from all cities in this study through their corresponding metropolitan planning organizations. In addition, the demand-VMT allocation method is found to be more responsive to future simulated mass transit growth. Further, the method is sensitive to local travel demand features of the individual cities, of which employment intensity was found to have the largest impact on per capita VMT allocated to a city. Within the Denver commutershed, daily VMT per capita estimates ranged from 13-129 km/capita/day (8-80 mi/capita/day) among the 27 communities, with a strong positive correlation with employment intensity (employment/capita; R2=0.97) and employment density (employment/kilometer; R2=0.59). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field sampling was performed at a number of residential structures in the Denver metropolitan area for the purpose of assessing the extent of wetting below residential structures after construction and commencement of landscape irrigation. Total suction measurements using filter paper methods were undertaken on undisturbed samples. A similar data set from sites without previous development or irrigation was used to estimate the suction profile before the imposition of residential construction and landscape irrigation. Comparison of the postdevelopment profile measured at the residential structures to the predevelopment profile estimated using a site-specific procedure was used to assess the depth of wetting at each structure. Cumulative probability curves are presented for the depth of wetting arising from common residential landscape schemes and site drainage for the Denver area. The Denver-area data set was used to develop a method for assessment of depth of wetting. This method can be used to assess depth of wetting from residential development for other regions having different climatic conditions and landscape practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the main and interaction effects of chemical reagent (collector and frother) dosages on the copper flotation performance using response surface methodology in design expert software were examined and the optimized dosage of reagents were specified. Then, in order to increase copper grade and recovery at industrial rougher flotation cells of the Miduk copper concentrator, Iran, distribution patterns of chemical reagents in suggested optimum conditions were investigated. A central composite design with three levels and five variables was employed to model and optimize the laboratory batch scale flotation process. The effect of dosages of Z11 (0–10 g/t), Flomin C4132 (14–34 g/t), A3477 (5–15 g/t) as collectors, AF65 (5–15 g/t) and MIBC (4–12 g/t) as frothers was studied. Forty-eight batch rougher flotation experiments (pH 11.5) for Miduk porphyry copper ore consisting of 0.9% Cu were conducted at different conditions using a bench scale Denver flotation cell with 3 L capacity. Second order response functions were generated for both the Cu grade and recovery models, as metallurgical indicators. These model equations were optimized using quadratic programming so as to maximize Cu grade and recovery within the experimental range studied. The main effect of all reagents dosages and the interaction of the Z11-Flomin C4132, Z11-A3477, and A3477-MIBC dosages had a significant impact on both recovery and grade. The optimum reagents dosages were found to be 5 g/t Z11, 34 g/t C4132, 5 g/t A3477, 15 g/t AF65, and 8 g/t MIBC. Maximum recovery of 91.4% and grade 8.13 were achieved under optimal conditions. Additionally, verification experiments at optimum conditions proposed by the models were carried out to specify the validity and adequacy of the predicted models. Based on the industrial rougher circuit tests results, distribution patterns of 75%-0%-25% and 50%-25%-25% were selected as the best distributions of collectors and frothers in mentioned conditions, respectively. The copper recovery and grade improved about 2% and 1.8%, respectively, via the use of optimized stage addition of reagents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Validation of the photovoltaic estimation model SoL using data from real facilities. • The results for SoL are compared to other state-of-the-art PV estimators. • SoL presents more accurate results, despite being a simple and more efficient model. • A self-shading model is proposed for SoL as a new enhancement feature. • The self-shading feature is validated against real data and proved useful. The estimation of electrical power generation in photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected systems based on meteorological data is a nontrivial, highly useful task, for instance to achieve accurate energy assessment. Widely used PV generation simulators are PV Systems (PVsyst), System Advisor Model (SAM) and PVLib. These simulators are characterized by presenting numerous features and providing complete results, however the PV estimation model SoL is an example of a new approach to PV generation estimation. SoL is characterized by its simplicity and computational efficiency. The objective of this paper is validating the recently published SoL model using real data from two PV locations for several years and facilities and comparing the results with those of three other PV simulators, namely PVsyst (in Spain), SAM (in Denver) and PVLib (both). It has been found that SoL estimates power production accurately for both locations and its estimations are more precise than those given by PVsyst, SAM and PVLib. It proves to be more computationally efficient than PVsyst, it can work with higher resolutions than SAM and PVsyst and requires fewer inputs than PVLib, SAM or PVsyst. Finally, a self-shading model is proposed as an enhancement for the SoL model. The number of inputs required is minimal, and it is an approximate yet efficient model. The estimation when using the self-shading enhancement is even more accurate than the previous estimation for SoL in locations where self-shading is evident. SoL proves to be an appropriate model for power estimation, and its results are enhanced when using the self-shading model proposed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In recent years, home-sharing platform Airbnb has developed into a major player in the tourism sector. It allows tourists to have authentic, off-the-beaten-track experiences in neighbourhoods previously unvisited. Although neighbourhoods can profit from increased attention and income, Airbnb and other short-term rentals (STRs) can also be disruptive to the traditional lodging industry and trigger gentrification processes; housing affordability and availability are jeopardized when housing units are turned into vacation rentals. Local governments worldwide are struggling to regulate STRs and their negative externalities. This paper focuses on key challenges cities face when dealing with STR platforms and the rationale behind different regulatory approaches. It first compares policies of 11 European and American cities and then zooms in on Denver to see how it regulates the impact of Airbnb. Most cities are relatively lenient towards STRs, with little to no (complete) prohibition. Instead, they limit the number of guests, nights and times a property can be rented, demand certain safety precautions and information provision, or require primary residency. Regulations are mostly directed to mitigate neighbourhood impacts, rather than creating a level playing field for the traditional lodging industry. Enforcement remains difficult due to the STR market's dynamic nature and online practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Early Intervention (EI) is a federally mandated, state-administered system of care for children with developmental delays and disabilities under the age of three. Gaps exist in the process of accessing EI through pediatric primary care, and low rates of EI access are well documented and disproportionately affect poor and minority children. The aims of this paper are to examine child characteristics associated with gaps in EI (1) referral, (2) access and (3) service use. To our knowledge, this is the first study to leverage linked safety net health system pediatric primary care and EI records data to follow EI-referred children longitudinally to understand EI service use gaps from EI referral to EI service utilization.Methods: In a retrospective cohort design (14,710 children with developmental disability or delay), we linked pediatric primary care records between a large, integrated safety net health system in metro Denver and its corresponding EI program (2014-2016). Using adjusted marginal effects [ME, (95% CI)], we estimated gaps in EI referral, access, and service type (i.e., physical [PT], occupational [OT], speech therapy [ST] and developmental intervention [DI]). Analyses accounted for child characteristics including socio-demographics, diagnosis, condition severity, and baseline function.Results: Only 18.7% of EI-eligible children (N = 2726) received a referral; 26% of those (N = 722) received services for a net enrollment rate of 5% among EI-eligible children. Having the most severe developmental condition was positively associated with EI referral [ME = 0.334 [0.249, 0.420]) and Individualized Family Services Plan (IFSP) receipt [ME = 0.156 [0.088, 0.223]). Children less likely to be EI-referred were Black, non-Hispanic (BNH) [ME = -0.029 (- 0.054, - 0.004)] and had a diagnosed condition ([ME = - 0.046 (- 0.087, - 0.005)]. Children with a diagnosis and those with higher income were more likely to receive PT or OT. Higher baseline cognitive and adaptive skills were associated with lower likelihood of PT [ME = -0.029 (- 0.054, - 0.004)], OT [ME = -0.029 (- 0.054, - 0.004)], and ST [ME = -0.029 (- 0.054, - 0.004)].Conclusions: We identified and characterized gaps in EI referral, access, and service use in an urban safety-net population of children with high rates of developmental delay. Interventions are needed to improve integrated systems of care affecting primary care and EI processes and coordination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cherry Creek Reservoir in the Denver Metropolitan area is subject to the Cherry Creek Reservoir Control Regulation (control regulation), which establishes a total maximum annual load for the reservoir of 6,473 kg(14,270 lb) of phosphorus. The load is distributed among phosphorus sources including background, nonpoint, and regulated storm water, municipal and industrial wastewater facilities, individual sewage disposal systems, and industrial sources. As a part of the control regulation, the Cherry Creek Basin Water Quality Authority (CCBWQA) is authorized to implement and maintain a trading program that allows phosphorus trading and the sale of phosphorus (kg/lb) in the Cherry Creek watershed. The trading program allows dischargers seeking new or increased phosphorus waste load allocations to obtain additional kilograms/pounds of phosphorus by constructing nonpoint source projects meeting certain criteria to immobilize phosphorus. This paper provides an overview of the CCBWQA trading program guidelines and describes two Arapahoe County Water and Wastewater Authority (ACWWA) trade credit projects: Lone Tree Creek Pond L-3 and Windmill Creek Pond W-6/W-7. The Pond L-3 and Pond W-6/W-7 projects are unique because they are the first two (and only two to date) projects that have successfully obtained trade ratios and estimated trade credits under the CCBWQA trading program. This paper describes the administrative and technical process for determining trade ratios and estimating trade credits for nonpoint-source-to-point-source phosphorus trades in the Cherry Creek watershed. The process for going from an established trade ratio and estimated trade credits to actual trade credits applied to a point source discharge presents its own set of challenges. Actual trade credits must be demonstrated by monitoring, which can be very expensive. The monitoring results must be reviewed and approved by CCBWQA before trade credits are awarded, and the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Water Quality Control Division must amend the facility’s discharge permit before additional phosphorus can be discharged. Therefore, establishing a trade ratio and estimating trade credits for CCBWQA approval of a phosphorus trading project is only the first step in a potentially expensive and time-consuming process for actually discharging additional phosphorus through a nonpoint-source-to-point-source trade in the Cherry Creek watershed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ride-haling such as Uber and Lyft are changing the ways people travel. Despite widespread claims that these services help reduce driving, there is little research on this topic. This research paper uses a quasi-natural experiment in the Denver, Colorado, region to analyze basic impacts of ride-hailing on transportation efficiency in terms of deadheading, vehicle occupancy, mode replacement, and vehicle miles traveled (VMT). Realizing the difficulty in obtaining data directly from Uber and Lyft, we designed a quasi-natural experiment—by one of the authors driving for both companies—to collect primary data. This experiment uses an ethnographic and survey-based approach that allows the authors to gain access to exclusive data and real-time passenger feedback. The dataset includes actual travel attributes from 416 ride-hailing rides—Lyft, UberX, LyftLine, and UberPool—and travel behavior and socio-demographics from 311 passenger surveys. For this study, the conservative (lower end) percentage of deadheading miles from ride-hailing is 40.8%. The average vehicle occupancy is 1.4 passengers per ride, while the distance weighted vehicle occupancy is 1.3 without accounting for deadheading and 0.8 when accounting deadheading. When accounting for mode replacement and issues such as driver deadheading, we estimate that ride-hailing leads to approximately 83.5% more VMT than would have been driven had ride-hailing not existed. Although our data collection focused on the Denver region, these results provide insight into the impacts of ride-hailing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to understand how festival quality, satisfaction and intention to return among cannabis festival attendees were interrelated by using the 2018 Mile High 420 Cannabis Festival in Denver, Colorado, USA. Design/methodology/approach: This study employed an online survey with festival attendees to the 2018 Mile High 420 Festival. A total of 664 attendees participated in the survey. Findings: Findings of the study revealed the demographic profile of cannabis festival attendees (i.e. relatively young, single and evenly distributed in terms of gender and residency) and its relationships with respondents' perceived festival qualities. In addition, two dimensions of festival quality unique to the context of marijuana festival influenced attendees' satisfaction and intent to return significantly. Festival attendees' travel characteristics were used to describe attendees' satisfaction and intent to return to a different degree. This research has also highlighted a lack of research in the area of cannabis events/festivals. Originality/value: This study is the first investigation that studied a cannabis-themed festival in the tourism literature. As legalization of recreational cannabis has been embraced in the USA and abroad (i.e. Canada), the findings of this empirical study will help the industry professionals and policy makers to understand this unprecedented SIT market and can be used as the benchmarks for their legal and operational practicality. Further, this study highlights research gaps in the tourism literature, and identifies those areas where future study is unlikely to provide new knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the past five years at the Daniels College of Business at the University of Denver a community service or service learning component has been included in the Values in Action class (now Values-Based Leadership), a core MBA course that integrates ethics, law, and public policy perspectives on business issues. This paper summarizes the educational philosophy and the mechanics of this required component. Few empirical studies have been conducted to gauge the perceived value and impact of a service learning requirement on students. Thus, several surveys were conducted to understand better the choices made by students as well as the impact of the requirement on students. Preliminary results reveal generally a positive effect on students, including some evidence that such a service learning requirement may influence students to make a greater lifetime commitment to community service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Seattle and Denver Income Maintenance Experiments (SIME/DIME), a variant of the Conlisk-Watts Assignment Model was used to allocate families to experimental treatments. This paper discusses the theory of the Conlisk-Watts Assignment Model, its application to SIME/DIME, and the implications of the model for estimating experimental effects. Unlike simple random assignment, the Conlisk-Watts model results in an experimental sample in which household characteristics are not orthogonal to experimental treatments and experimental treatments are not orthogonal to each other. Because of this nonorthogonality, the assignment variables must be included as explanatory variables in regression models that estimate experimental-control differences in order to avoid biased estimates of these differences. In addition, if the assignment variables affect response, they must be interacted with treatment variables in order to generalize the experimental findings to the national population and to obtain unbiased estimates of differential response among programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines the purpose and rationale of the income maintenance experiments in Seattle and Denver. A review of experimental design and operation is presented, and particular reference is made to methods for minimizing bias arising from the limited experimental nature of the study. The major findings to date on labor supply, schooling and training, and family functioning are summarized. Finally, implications of the labor-supply results for a nationwide negative income tax program are briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent legalization of marijuana in several states has led to increased public interest regarding the effect of legalization on crime. Yet, there is limited empirical evidence relating the legalization of marijuana use and distribution to criminal activity. This paper uses a difference-in-differences design to estimate the effect of marijuana dispensary openings on local crime rates in Denver, Colorado. We find that the opening of dispensaries actually decreases violent crime rates in above median income neighborhoods, an important finding in light of increased political debate surrounding legalization. We also find robust evidence that non-marijuana drug-related crimes decrease within a half-mile of new dispensaries but do not simultaneously increase within a half-mile to mile of new dispensaries, with one possible explanation being that legal marijuana sales and hard drug sales are local substitutes. Finally, in line with previous research, we find that vehicle break-ins increase up to a mile away from new dispensaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of the city-region concept has focused attention on the nature of territorial politics underpinning city-regionalism. This paper investigates the relationship between territorial politics, city-regionalism and the collective provision of mass transport infrastructure in the USA. It deploys a case study of the Denver region, examining the state and governance structures driving forward FasTracks, a long-term project to expand the Denver Regional Transportation District’s light and commuter rail system. FasTracks represents a programme to retrofit the Denver city-region for integrated mass transit but its funding has fostered tensions around new regionalist governance arrangements. The paper uses the findings of the case study to reflect upon the balance of bottom–up versus top–down geopolitical forces shaping the landscape of city-regionalism in the USA. It emphasises the variety of ways in which struggles around infrastructure provision shape the emergence of new city-regionalist structures inside the competition state. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Although repeated contact with nature helps foster mental and physical health among young people, their contact with nature has been diminishing over the last few decades. Also, low-income and ethnic minority children have even less contact with nature than white middle-income children. In this study, we compared accessibility to play in parks for young people from different income and racial backgrounds in Denver, Colorado. Park access for children and youth was measured using a geographic information system (GIS). Each neighborhood was classified according to income level, residential density, and distance from downtown; and then each park was classified based on formal and informal play, and level of intimacy. Comparisons between neighborhoods show that that low-income neighborhoods have the lowest access and high-income neighborhoods have the highest access to parks, and that differences are even higher for parks with play amenities and high levels of intimacy. To overcome this issue, the paper proposes a framework for action to improve access to parks for low-income children and youth and to help planners, decision makers and advocacy groups prioritize park investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]