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Aim: This study aimed to develop a model to help parents cope with decisional conflict. Background: Parents of children with congenital heart defect experience decisional conflict when they are uncertain about treatment decisions for their child, which may lead to delay in seeking care or distress over the decision made. Design: Correlational design with model building and data triangulation was used. Methods: Data were collected through surveys and interviews with a consecutive sample of 221 parent respondents from June to December 2018. Structural equation modelling and qualitative data analysis were used. Results: Lower decisional conflict was seen in parents with higher income, more nurse support and physician risk communication. Time delay for surgery was correlated with the child's age, social service coverage, and social support. Decisional conflict mediated the influence of income, nurse support and physician risk communication on satisfaction with decision. Based on model fit parameters, the emerging model is a good and parsimonious model of decisional conflict. The overall theme, 'Deciding for Surgery: What Matters Most', described the processes parents went through in making treatment decisions. Conclusion: Nurses may help parents feel more certain, less conflicted, and more satisfied with their decision by addressing factors including knowledge gaps, personal values, available support, and resource access. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Decisional conflict occurs when parents are uncertain of the best action for their child because treatment options entail risks for undesirable outcomes, value compromise, unclear prognosis, or anticipated regret over the decision.Professional support, information, and communication are vital to parents' decision‐making process.Child, parent, and support factors may influence parent treatment decisions in varied paediatric conditions. What this paper adds? Child's age at the time of decision‐making had an effect on the delay in surgery. However, assisting parents to weigh their options and focus on personal values allowed them to make their treatment decision.Low income, costly health services, and bureaucratic processes impeded the timely availment of surgery. Healthcare reforms that provide a system of government funding, streamlined health structure, and social insurance may be looked into.Family support weighed in on the parents' decision to delay surgery for fear of blame or guilt. Providing relevant information enabled parents to make a choice and stand by their decision regardless of the outcome. The implications of this paper: Modelling provides a framework to identify which factors are more important and how they interact to affect decision‐making. It may be used as an approach to find solutions to clinical problems for groups with different diagnoses.Though nursing support, information, and communication are essential, a more holistic family nursing care approach may be considered to assist parents to make appropriate treatment decisions for their child.Familiarity with the healthcare system may equip nurses to aid parents in processing available healthcare funding and dealing with financial uncertainty affecting decisions for their child's treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to examine key obligations of states to persons deprived of liberty (PDLs) under the right to health framework in the context of COVID-19. As a case study, it also describes the state of health in places of detention in the Philippines during the pandemic, with an end view of providing granular recommendations for prison policy reforms. Design/methodology/approach: Relevant rules under international human rights law related to places of detention were thematically analyzed to articulate the scope of the right to health of PDLs. To describe the state of places of detention in the Philippines, this paper relied on archival research of news from selected local mainstream and specialized media. Findings: The right to health framework provides a foundation for the response to COVID-19 in places of detention. Key concerns include increase in the number of infections, vulnerabilities in physical and mental health, and the spread of infection among correctional staff. Long-standing structural constraints and limited health information compound the threat of COVID-19. The Philippines must comply with its human rights obligations to PDLs to effectively address COVID-19-related concerns. Practical implications: Policy reforms in Philippine places of detention must include application of community standards on physical and mental health, implementation of emergency release and application of non-custodial measures for long-term prison decongestion. Originality/value: This is one of the few papers to analyze human rights in health care in places of detention during a pandemic, as nuanced in the context of the Philippines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While scholars recognize that great diversity exists in how grandparents are involved in their grandchildren's lives, grandparenting in the military context remains a blank spot in the literature. This paper argues that investigating the dynamics of grandparenting in a highly collectivist society like the Philippines could generate valuable insights and perspectives, thus expanding the knowledge frontiers on skipped generation grandparents. Driven by a phenomenological design, this study sought to characterize the disciplinary practices of a select group of military grandparents. Six (6) purposefully recruited military grandparents were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Field texts gathered in this study were subjected to phenomenological reduction via cool and warm analyses. Interestingly, this study afforded the development of a clear-cut Taxonomy of Military Grandparents According to Disciplinary Practices, which is an intersection of the involvement of both grandparents and parents in the lives of their grandchildren. Implications of the emerged typologies of grandparents, namely: independent, involved, intrusive, and inclusive, are discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Rural Medicine (Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd) is the property of Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The COVID-19 pandemic is continuously causing serious effects on the mental health of college students due to the series of lockdowns and sudden shifting of face-to-face classes to fully online. The study aims to determine and explore the various themes that play a significant role in the development of this issue by an in-depth study of selected reflection papers submitted in class. These texts were interpreted and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings revealed three major themes: anxiety and depression as serious effects of the pandemic, God/Higher Being as the first and/or last source of support and, the essentiality of self-awareness and self-acceptance in improving mental health. These themes which are contextualized in nature hope to contribute to future research in formulating effective interventions and strategies in the war against the negative effects of the pandemic most especially for the welfare of college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examined the perceptions among hosted internally displaced persons (IDPs) of the hosting environment as a social context in which they negotiate their postdisplacement lives. The paper's interest is to identify the emerging social characteristics within these "humanitarian" arrangements and argue that the overall perceived quality of the accommodation is predicated on the socio-economic circumstances of the entire accommodating household. The findings were drawn from face-to-face interviews with 20 ethnic Maranao Filipino Muslims who experienced home-based accommodation courtesy of their kin. Thematic analysis on the narratives revealed three major themes; reasons for choosing home-based accommodation, the burden of shame in being hosted, and the perceptions of animosity held by members of the IDP family. It is reported that while initiative to accommodate comes from the host families themselves, hostile behavior against their IDP relatives may surface later on. This situation may exacerbate the already difficult situations IDPs experience. Without proper orientation and understanding, the study suggests that hosting can become an unpromising arrangement over time and may not form part of durable solutions for the IDPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2016, the Philippine president signed the Executive Order no. 2 that required government agencies under the executive branch to implement Freedom of Information (FOI). Along with this, the eFOI Portal was created which aims to increase government transparency while making it easy for the citizens to file a request. As of June 2019, the portal has received 11,990 FOI requests across 366 government offices. However, a series of reports on the actual experience of users of eFOI Portal by the Philippine Center of Investigative Journalism in December 2018 revealed the many problems of the FOI implementation. Among these are the high rates FOI requests being denied, overdue responses from government agencies, and unsatisfactory results for fulfilled FOI requests. And so, given that the goal of eFOI Portal is to promote transparency in the government and support the public disclosure of information, but user experience tells otherwise, this looked at the mechanisms resulting in this gap. In particular, it attempted to answer why eFOI requests are being rejected. Guided by Schatzki s conception of practices, thematic analysis of the sayings, or the actual conversations of citizens and government agencies were performed on the 346 randomly sampled FOI requests. The paper found out that citizens and government agencies in the Philippines have unique practices when performing FOI, some of which favours the outcome of FOI requests being rejected. Government agencies reject FOI requests mostly because they do not have the information being requested, they do not consider the request made by some citizens as a validform of FOI, and processing of FOI requests may be different from one agency to another. On the other hand, citizens also have some practices leading to FOI request denials such as requesting for research work, requesting for the government agencies' opinion on current issues, and submitting complaints. Furthermore, the rules allowed for government agencies to have their own rules in processing FOI requests. Also, there are socio-technical arrangements in the eFOI Portal such as limited categories for reasons used by FOI Officers of respective government agencies in rejecting FOI requests, absence of the appeals process within the system, and no user satisfaction feedback for the whole transaction. Both of the rules and system design provided the environment for the FOI practices to happen and perpetuate. Thus, in improving the performance of FOI implementation, designers of the system must take into account the unique practices of government agencies and citizens. Some of the design considerations suggested by this paper is adding an additional support layer before citizens can file an FOI request to government agencies and improving the feedback to the system such as user satisfaction and appeals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Social workers are expected to challenge the exclusion and oppression of marginalised populations which requires the critical interrogation of prejudicial views, discriminatory attitudes, and oppressive practices. In this regard, social work practitioners need to be vigilant of their own attitudes toward the people they serve. This is relevant to social work practice with sexual minorities. This paper presents the results of a mixed-methods study informed by a critical theoretical frame that explored Vietnamese social work practitioners' attitudes toward sexual minorities. The findings presented in this article were drawn from a survey of 292 social work practitioners based in Hanoi, Vietnam and 12 semi-structured interviews with volunteers recruited from the pool of survey participants. Findings: The findings suggest that practitioners who participated in this study held relatively positive attitudes toward people who identify as lesbian or gay. However, those who had what could be considered moderate to positive attitudes were not necessarily free from prejudicial and discriminatory views, particularly when it came to certain matters such as those relating to their own families and work with young children. Applications: The discussion of the findings illustrate the relevance of the broader social context to Vietnamese social work practitioners' attitudes toward sexual minorities. It highlights the potent influence of dominant ideologies in shaping prejudicial views and attitudes and points to the need for practice at a broader level targeting Vietnamese society and culture as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: explore thoughts and feelings of children on COVID-19, find out how they cope, and what they did during lockdown. It was total lockdown in Luzon, Philippines, April 2020 – when survey was conducted; pre-tested open-end questionnaire was administered to children who answered either by paper and pen, or through social media, with parents' cooperation. Participants: 200 boys and girls, 6-12 years old, public and private schools in NCR-Luzon. Results: Participants heard COVID-19, pandemic and lock down from media and family; described as deadly, dangerous, contagious, world-wide, death-causing virus; about 90% expressed sadness, fear, boredom, anger, disappointments and difficult time; employed self-enhanced coping mechanisms, and engaged in hobbies and interests to assuage thoughts and feelings; family appeared as saving grace. Recommendations: develop strategies to assist children during critical events; studies – find out effects of pandemic on participants' health; visit participants after two years to find out reminiscence of pandemic experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to assess the efficacy of the "Korean Desks" in the Philippines and Vietnam and to investigate whether this new law enforcement cooperation model could be replicated globally. As a research method, in‐depth semi‐structured interviews were conducted with a total of six Korean police officers at the Korean Desks. Three themes emerged from the interview data. First, this cooperation model has increased the sense of public safety among Korean communities and has provided higher efficiency in police cooperation. Second, factors such as no preceding model to consider, demanding workload, and high dependency on local officers have been found to be difficulties in the operations of the Korean Desks. Third, it was argued that the application of this model to a different nation would face great challenges primarily due to the high variability of sociocultural structures across nations. Findings revealed that the Korean Desk model was deeply embedded in the sociocultural environment in which it was established, and the implementation of the model was contingent upon the officers' experiences rather than guidance from the police headquarters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The English Language Teacher's ability to examine his/her own practices and beliefs is always an area of language-teaching research worth exploring because the findings have an impact on classroom practice. However, while research on teaching the macro-skills is a rich area in the discipline, teacher beliefs in this aspect remain underexplored especially in developing countries such as the Philippines. This paper examines beliefs of teacher effectiveness in implementing lessons in the macro-skills among ESL teachers in the Philippines. Using data from reflective logs and interviews of 16 teachers of English in the Philippines, data reveal that the main beliefs among teachers center on learner centeredness, instructional skills in teaching the macro-skills and professional development. This paper argues that among the macro-skills, writing and speaking pose challenges in lesson implementation. In addition, the findings suggest that beliefs in effective teaching of the macro-skills are related to learner centeredness, instructional effectiveness and culture contribute to a nuanced account of teacher belief research in English language teaching in the Philippine context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the quality of social relationships of older Filipino church members by determining their perceptions of support and non-support in their social network.Design/methodology/approach A qualitative research approach with semi-structured interviews was utilized. A purposive sample of six Filipino older adults (ages 60-89) were invited and agreed to participate in the study.Findings The themes found in the study confirmed the types of support outlined in social convoy theory. Several unique nuances in the types of support and non-support between the interactions of older adult Filipinos with people very close to them, somewhat close to them, and merely acquainted with them were identified. The themes of support include instrumental support, emotional care, social connectedness, and companionship during engagement in activities. Themes characterising lack of support include disrespect and lack of understanding, constraining one’s actions, helplessness in responding to the other’s needs, non-dependability and non-reliability, difficulty in maintaining social connections, making it difficult to play a desired or expected role.Research limitations/implications The study’s limitations are the small sample size, the quality of support explored only through nominating two members of each level of closeness in the older adults’ social convoy, sample size adequacy to reach data saturation, and the lack of data on support reciprocity that may influence the respondents’ perceptions of support and non-support.Practical implications The findings of the paper point to possible interventions to improve social support for the older population. The road map for those interested in developing interventions should also put some emphasis on older adults’ needs in their continued societal engagement. Interventions may involve facilitating role transitions and providing social support systems attuned to the needs of the elderly.Social implications The authors speculate that this lack of support experienced by the older adults relates to the loss of societal roles, especially as this relates to their identity, meaning, and changes in social interactions within their communities. It is therefore important that interventions be planned to provide structures for older adults’ transitions in their re-engagement in society and into the work-force, thereby reducing this sense of role ambiguity and providing them with more positive identities in their communities.Originality/value The results suggest another form of support distinct from the emotional and instrumental support elaborated in previous work. This support is identified as companionship from within the social network that allows older adults to sustain engagement in meaningful activities. The study’s results further suggest a lack of clarity in societal roles, i.e. a sense of role ambiguity, which older adults may experience in the transitioning from adulthood to later adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the basic education system in the Philippines. As a response, the Department of Education devised a Learning Continuity Plan to carry on with the learning process. This paper deals with the uncovering of the curriculum management aspect of the Department of Education of the Philippines’ BE-LCP through thematic content analysis. Findings revealed the four phases of the curriculum management of BE-LCP anchored in the adjustments made in the aspects of learning; these are: 1) Correcting Phase (Learning Content); 2) Connecting Phase (Learning Delivery); 3) Coping Phase (Learning Management), and 4) Collecting Phase (Learning Assessment). Further empirical research on the impact of the BE-LCP implementation in Public Basic Education Institutions across the Philippines is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change poses challenges and risks to coastal communities, and the adaptation of local residents is a critically relevant issue that needs to be addressed in the policymaking process. The main purpose of this paper is to determine the perceptions and experiences of climate change among coastal community residents in the Philippines. This study used a combination of methods, such as participatory mapping exercises, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and document analyses. The data, which were primarily collected from three coastal villages in the province of Bulacan, were subjected to a thematic network analysis. The findings revealed four dominant themes pertaining to climate change adaptation in a coastal community setting: vulnerability conditions, risk awareness, risk perceptions, and climate change awareness and perceptions. In particular, it was found out that the communities were exposed to the threats of natural hazards like flood and storm surge. Such exposure highlighted the residents' concerns over the risks of hazards on their livelihoods and properties. The residents also observed the unpredictability and the worsening effects of climate change. With their direct experiences of the natural hazards' impacts and awareness of the presence of risks, residents had undertaken actions to build their adaptive capacity. This study then highlights the value of integrating local knowledge into the mapping exercises, revealing crucial information regarding vulnerabilities, risks, and adaptation practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION Tobacco industry documents reveal companies' knowledge of a similar young adult market across countries in terms of attitudes and lifestyle aspirations. Some tobacco companies, therefore, use similar marketing approaches across different jurisdictions. We examined young adults' perceptions of flavored cigarette packs, including those containing flavor capsules, in Mexico and the Philippines. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of five focus groups held in Mexico and four in the Philippines with young adults who smoke (aged 18-24 years), separated by gender, in which participants interacted with cigarette packs purchased locally. Transcribed and translated data were thematically analyzed and compared between countries. RESULTS Three major themes were identified: 1) Flavor capsules cigarettes are recognizable via pack design through imagery on the pack that is understood to signify capsules; 2) Colors signal flavor and make the pack attractive; and 3) Young adults who smoke identify the target audience for these products as young people and those who are beginning to smoke. CONCLUSIONS Young adults who smoke in Mexico and the Philippines interpreted flavored cigarette pack design similarly and thought that young people are the main audience for these products. This suggests a successful marketing approach creating shared perceptions of flavored cigarette packs in different world regions. It is likely that similar tactics are used in other countries around the world. Therefore, jurisdictions might use evidence from other jurisdictions to support the implementation of evidence-based tobacco control policies. These findings also support the implementation of plain and standardized packaging and flavor bans that would also limit product innovation such as capsules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This paper addresses the question of how social accountability is conceptualised by staff, students and community members associated with four medical schools aspiring to be socially accountable in two countries. Methods: Using a multiple case study approach this research explored how contextual issues have influenced social accountability at four medical schools: two in Australia and two in the Philippines. This paper reports on how research participants understood social accountability. Seventy-five participants were interviewed including staff, students, health sector representatives and community members. Field notes were taken and a documentary analysis was completed. Results: Overall there were three common understandings. Socially accountable medical education was about meeting workforce, community and health needs. Social accountability was also determined by the nature and content of programs the school implemented or how it operated. Finally, social accountability was deemed a personal responsibility. The broad consensus masked the divergent perspectives people held within each school. Conclusion: The assumption that social accountability is universally understood could not be confirmed from these data. To strengthen social accountability it is useful to learn from these institutions’ experiences to contribute to the development of the theory and practice of activities within socially accountable medical schools. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background: The practice of mercy killing, also known as euthnasia or assisted suicide, is a contentious and morally complex issue in healthcare. Understanding the ethical dilemmas related to mercy killing within specific religious communities, such as Maranao Muslims, can provide valuable insights into the intersection of faith, culture, and healthcare decision-making.... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the paper is to critically examine and document the living conditions of the Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) from Marawi City. Forcibly displaced more than a year ago due to armed conflict, these IDPs managed to find their way to an unoccupied building in the outskirt of Iligan City, Lanao del Norte Province, Philippines. Results show their range of main concerns such as the supply of electricity and water, health services and medicines and more importantly, food. Disruptions on children's schooling and most especially the discontinuation of their parents' livelihood were also documented. The community is waiting for their "turn" to access better temporary shelters provided by the government. The study utilized key informant interview (KII) among 10 household heads (from among the 75 families living in the building). Their narratives reveal several coping strategies amidst insufficient government assistance and community feeling of isolation, the most glaring of those, is the dependency to social network, capitalizing on the social ties with relatives and friends for assistance. The IDPs admitted however that the same assistance is not enough. Additionally, the reduction of food consumption and selling of food relief packs remain unsustainable in coping with their destitute condition. Moreover, the article also touches on the consequence of their displacement context on socio-familial dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This short article describes how Filipino parents home educate their children with autism during the COVID-19 period. Employing a mainly qualitative research approach, five parents who have children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder were interviewed online. The data were subjected to thematic analysis. The results highlight the following themes: (1) many are better than one in home education during isolation; (2) from struggles with the transition to cultivation of new activities; (3) new social reality in preparation for the post-pandemic period; (4) all forms of home education are essential; and (5) families encouraging families in these tough times. This paper provides insights as regards the home education of children with autism amid the current global emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contributes to the intensifying calls to globalize and decolonize the field of media and communication by broadening the possibilities for digital media research. To do so, it takes a deep dive into a set of 27 works on digital media from five Philippine-based journals, all of which were published during the COVID-19 years of 2020–2023. Collectively, they spotlight the entanglements of technologies with the distinct and diverse political, economic, and socio-cultural realities outside the West. Through a qualitative thematic analysis, our article identifies how the different works in our selected set are clustered along three key themes: on digital deliberations, digital intimacies, and digital promotion. There were a few of them that did not align with these themes, but nevertheless also indicated emerging vectors from which to see the entwinement of digital media with the dynamics of Philippine society. All these present expanded lines of theorizing research about digital media that connect with but, importantly, also go beyond the typical concerns of scholarship generated in the West. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach and aimed to describe and understand the experiences of neophyte school heads in managing schools in the hinterlands of Langilan district under the Department of Education, Division of Davao del Norte. Newly appointed school heads are still considered learners in the field of school management, even with their prior education and extensive training for the role. Ten participants were recruited using purposive sampling and underwent a virtual, in-depth interview. At this stage of research, the experiences of the neophyte school heads are generally defined as the experiences, coping mechanisms, and insights of the newly designated school head in the research locale. As to the participants' experiences, four themes emerged, namely: encountering difficulties in traveling to school; having insufficient financial resources; lacking school supplies and facilities; and dealing with cultural differences. With regards to their response to coping mechanisms, four themes appeared: seeking help from colleagues and superiors; collaborating with stakeholders; being open-minded and consultative; and familiarizing DepEd Policies. Lastly, their insights revealed five themes: wider scope of responsibility; desire to learn; passion to help the community as reason to stay; necessity of providing trainings; and provision of human and other resources. The study reveals that neophyte school heads have different difficulties and hardships in managing schools. It concluded that in Langilan district, help from colleagues, superiors, and collaboration with stakeholders is very significant to the participants, and it speaks to the fact that neophyte school heads need training and assistance from the Department of Education implementers that could help them perform as school leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Netizens posted views that contradicted the results released by research agencies about the Philippine government’s responses to COVID-19. In this study, Twitter, which is a key communication channels, was the main source of data to explore the public’s perception of the Philippine government’s performance to the pandemic response. To limit tweets to be studied, sana all, a language phenomenon mostly used at the time of community lockdowns, was observed and utilized as a code identify relevant tweets. Between March and August 2020, 257 tweets were collected and researchers used presuppositions to extract socio-political context and truths implied in tweets. Then, the data underwent a 6-level thematic analysis and eleven categories were formed. The prevalent language intention emerging from the tweets is empathy. This paper will discuss how empathy associates the sound dissatisfaction of the netizens with the responses made by the current administration to combat the COVID-19 multi-effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To explore how and why mobile instant messaging applications are used by Filipino nurses as part of their work. Methods Guided by the uses and gratifications theory, in-depth interviews with 20 staff nurses working in 9 hospitals (ie, 4 private and 5 public hospitals) in the Philippines were conducted in July 2015. Interview data were analysed through a phenomenological perspective to thematic analysis. Results Results show that mobile instant messaging applications such as Facebook Messenger and Viber were mostly used by staff nurses and these were accessed using their own smartphones. Thematic analysis indicates that they were used to meet staff nurses' need for information exchange, socialization, and catharsis. Moreover, user interactions vary depending on members within a chat group. For instance, communication via mobile instant messaging applications are much formal when superiors are included in a chat group. Conclusion In general, the results show that mobile instant messaging applications are routinely used by Filipino staff nurses not only for clinical purposes (ie, information exchange) but also for non-clinical purposes (ie, socialization and catharsis). This paper ends with several practical and theoretical implications including future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Navigating the complexities of the 21st-century educational landscape highlights the imperative for a more profound exploration of ethical leadership. This study delves into the perceptions of future educational leaders on their ethical values, visions, influencing factors, and strategies for implementing ethical leadership in the 21st century. Employing a qualitative exploratory design, this research meticulously captures nuanced perspectives from a cohort of six participants. These individuals were selected through purposive and voluntary sampling, focusing on those currently enrolled in postgraduate programs specializing in leadership. The findings of the thematic analysis of transcribed indepth interviews highlight a transformative shift towards holistic, student-centered approaches, emphasizing equity, inclusivity, transparency, and adaptability. Moreover, the participants envision environments fostering inclusivity and advocate for transparent communication while recognizing ethical leadership as an ongoing, adaptive journey. Influenced by personal beliefs, experiences, and global trends, they stress personal integrity and the translation of values into actionable strategies within educational settings. This study contributes valuable insights, emphasizing integrating personal values into institutional practices to foster inclusive, ethically responsible educational environments. Additionally, it underscores the need for future research to explore the practical implementation of identified ethical values and assess their impact on student outcomes and institutional culture across diverse educational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diversitas Journal is the property of Diversitas Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Women play a crucial role in the care and response to the COVID-19 pandemic, whether in paid or unpaid work. This article looks into the lived experience of some of these women infected by COVID-19 while doing their job as care providers. We selected nine women from Cebu City, Philippines. We presented their lived experience through van Manen's phenomenology of practice. Themes of the lived experience reveal pain and separation, suffering and caring, stigma of discrimination, caring response, and supportive relationship in the midst of a health crisis. Our reflections reveal that even in serious vulnerability and sustained domestic burden, women remained steadfast in their caring character. Their caring attitude has turned the quarantine facility into a liveable space where empathy, reciprocity, and relationality dwell and thus help everyone survive the COVID-19 ordeal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploratory study featured four high schools and their personnel's conceptions of better instruction and school services for Aeta students. The researcher used open-ended questions to interview 42 public school personnel. Sharing their strengths, weaknesses, and experiences related to inclusiveness towards the Indigenous students, the teachers, administrators, and support service personnel hinted at their training needs revolving around competencies in producing investigative articles on the educational needs of the Aetas, collaborating with co-workers in synergistically servicing the indigenous, greater awareness of ethical protocol in engaging with the Indigenous in service provision contexts, reflecting more intensively on personal efficacy in teaching nonmainstream students, re-tooling given on cultural competence, knowing more of the culture and values of the Aetas, and championing more pro-actively the needs of the Indigenous, particularly in the educational and livelihood spheres of their life. Thematic analysis and interpretation brought to the fore the personnel's strong support for a curriculum that is specifically designed for the Aetas, support systems strengthened to empower the personnel further inclusiveness-wise, differentiated instruction facilitated with animation of Indigenous knowledge and learner centeredness, inclusiveness training for the personnel, inclusive community events, and counseling specifically for Aetas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traffic safety situation around the world is still not optimistic. Accidents occur due to a combination of factors and are rarely caused by a specific reason. Risk factors are a better explanation for why traffic accidents occur. This study determined the traffic accidents in the province of Albay. It identified the number of reported traffic accidents in the Province of Albay covering Calendar Year 2020 to 2022. It also determined the causes and risk factors of traffic accidents regarding driver's behaviors, road conditions, vehicle conditions, traffic signs, and traffic management. Moreover, it inferred a significant agreement among the ranks regarding the causes and risk factors of traffic accidents. It proposed a traffic management framework to prevent traffic accidents in the province of Albay. The respondents of this study are 60 personnel from the three CPS in Albay, 30 from the Local Government Unit, and 47 community, representing the riders and commuters in the Poblacion area. The study revealed a concerning prevalence of traffic accidents, underscoring a pressing public concern due to the high number of casualties and severity of outcomes. Despite this, road safety has not received sufficient attention, attributed to a lack of awareness regarding the problem's extent, associated costs, and effective interventions. Implementing a comprehensive traffic management framework involving collaboration among stakeholders is crucial for understanding and addressing the multifaceted causes of accidents, emphasizing the importance of community-wide initiatives and cooperation among various entities to enhance public awareness and promote responsible driving behavior. Thus, the traffic management framework will serve as a guide in preventing or lessening traffic accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative-descriptive study aimed to explore the non-verbal features and functions of six Secondary English teachers in the Philippines. The data were collected through observation notes, interviews, and video recording. The in-depth interview data were qualitatively examined using descriptive method and thematic analysis. The findings showed that the non-verbal features included: facial expressions, eye contact, and hand gestures used by the English teachers inside the classroom. Based on the participants, the functions of facial expressions were affirmation and dissatisfaction. Eye contact was used to direct reference, establish credibility and establish connection. Hand gestures were carried out through the use of palm, clapping, and raising of hand to express and emphasize information inside the classroom. Consequently, it was found out that non-verbal features and their functions were essential parts of an interactive and efficient classroom. Teachers were able to demonstrate and deliver their lessons thoroughly with the use of actions as an expression of oneself. Subsequently, they were better understood when they used varied expressions and gestures. As teachers embodied with competent skills and proficient communication prowess, it was an essential method that can be used by teachers aside from the verbal aspect. It helped them set the learning process engaging and conducive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of traditional art in recreational therapies is unexplored. This paper, thus, attempts to surface the unique power of traditional Filipino arts (TFA) as synergizing lens in capturing the individual and the collective experiences of a select group of Filipino elderly in an institutionalized care setting relative to their feelings of depression and self-esteem. Three Filipino elderly housed in an institutionalized care setting were chosen for this phenomenological study, a robotfoto and a series of semistructured interviews constitute the main data gathering tool. Field texts were subjected to phenomenological reduction via the repertory grid analysis. Emerged themes were subjected to a series of member checking procedures to ensure the trustworthiness of the reported data. Depression and self-esteem were interpreted via two emerged themes. The themes were Me, Myself, and Melancholy and Will Not Let My Worth Wither. Through recreational therapies in the form of traditional Filipino arts, participants found novel psychological crutches that overcame the challenges of depression and give them hope toward more positive views of themselves and life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of the digital age thrust seasoned educators from older generations into a transformative educational landscape. Among these educators, Generation X (born approximately between 1965 and 1980) emerged as pivotal figures bridging the analog and digital eras. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, this study delves into the narratives of Generation X educators in the Philippines who continue to teach in the digital age. The research aims to uncover the insights they have acquired throughout this transformative journey, both as individuals and as educators in the digital era. Thirteen Generation X educators, selected through volunteer sampling, participated in semi-structured interviews, and their data were subjected to thematic analysis. The research uncovers three prominent themes illuminating the evolving landscape of pedagogy and continuous learning, the pursuit of educational equilibrium, and the imperative of adaptation and thriving amidst change. These insights advocate for policies that foster pedagogical innovation, teacher training programs that empower educators with essential digital-age skills, and classroom practices that cultivate dynamic, reciprocal, and evidence-based learning environments. Implications for further research are also offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the psychosocial impact of photovoice participation among survivors of human trafficking and gender-based violence. Photovoice is a community-based participatory research (CBPR) method grounded in empowerment theory, feminist theory, and documentary photography. While survivors, practitioners, and scholars have increasingly called for survivors to co-produce research pertaining to their own experiences, limited research has explored the impact and the potential of photovoice participation with this population. This article presents findings from a photovoice study with survivors of human trafficking and gender-based violence in the Philippines (n = 34). Five themes emerged from a thematic analysis exploring the psychosocial impact of photovoice participation: enhanced self-efficacy, inspiration, sense of belonging, bravery, and overcoming shame. The use of photography provided opportunities for survivors to share about their experiences with peers in an emotionally safe manner. Photovoice shows promise as a psychosocial intervention that can help survivors to construct new self and collective narratives, build autonomy, and strengthen supportive community. Findings suggest that photovoice can serve both as a research method and a psychosocial intervention for survivors, holding particular promise for low-resource contexts in which psychosocial interventions are limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has compelled many educational institutions to employ flexible learning options (FLO), requiring technology integration in teaching. Digital immigrant nurse educators, who are educators born before 1985, may need help adopting FLO due to their limited technological knowledge and skills. This study explores the challenges digital immigrant nurse educators face in adopting FLO as a teaching strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Employing a qualitative phenomenological research approach, we researched 6 digital immigrant nurse educators with at least 10 years of teaching experience in the nursing institution at the College of Health Sciences of Mindanao State University in Marawi City, Philippines. These educators, expressing difficulty in adopting FLO, were purposively selected and interviewed from October 2021 to April 2022. Interviews were conducted through a scheduled Zoom meeting. For this purpose, an interview guide with open-ended questions was used. Colaizzi's method of analysis was applied to analyze the data. Results: We identified 4 themes representing the challenges digital immigrant nurse educators face in adopting FLO. The themes comprised a lack of technological knowledge and skills, difficulty adjusting to new teaching methods, inadequate technological resources, and emotional stress and exhaustion. Conclusion: Given the challenges experienced by Filipino digital immigrant nurse educators in integrating FLO amid the pandemic, this study recommends providing support and resources to improve these nurse educators' technical knowledge and skills. Continuous education is crucial for successfully integrating FLO into their teaching practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The nutrition and dietetics service in Philippine public hospitals was implemented by the Department of Health in 2016 to standardise the daily allowance and nutritional content of inpatient meals. Five years later, it is timely for the Department of Health to assess the quality of inpatient meals and mandated nutrition processes in areas such as staffing, food service, and outcomes monitoring. Methods: A mixed‐method sequential explanatory design was employed using (1) quantitative assessment through a facility survey (n = 193 hospitals) and (2) qualitative exploration of quantitative results through 6 focus group discussions (n = 36 hospitals). Results: Philippine public hospitals were unequipped with the inputs necessary to implement processes that produce high‐quality meals for patients. The hospitals were unable to comply with the required minimum meal allowance (51%), nutritional content of meals (40%), and food service standards. Moreover, they had insufficient human resources and inefficient food procurement practices. Conclusions: The quality of nutrition care and inpatient meals in Philippine public hospitals, who serve mostly people on low incomes, is a neglected problem in the Philippines. Moving forward, a systems approach involving the Department of Health, its regional offices, and hospital management is necessary to equip Philippine public hospitals with the inputs and structures necessary to provide high‐quality nutrition care and inpatient meals that will facilitate patient recovery and overall patient health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reading intervention programs pose intricate challenges for school implementers, particularly the educators leading them. Employing phenomenology as a qualitative research methodology, this study charts a compelling investigative path. It aims to plumb the depths of lived experiences, convictions, and perspectives of educators who occupy pivotal roles in executing the DEAR program. Drawing from a purposively selected group of six participants in the Davao region, Philippines, this research employs semi-structured interviews subjected to meticulous thematic analysis. The study has illuminated themes that intricately capture participants' interactions with the program, vividly portraying educators' roles in program implementation: "Igniting Passion" probes the motivations that propel teachers, "Facing the Storm" delves into the encountered challenges, "Navigating the Tides" spotlights coping strategies, while "Learning and Transformation Through the Program" focuses on insights garnered from participation. The ultimate theme, "Guiding the Path Forward: Strengthening the Program," encapsulates participants' suggestions for enhancing and perpetuating program efficacy. These findings enrich discussions on reading interventions, underscore the indispensable roles of educators in nurturing reading skills, cultivating a love for literature, and nurturing lifelong learners. Implications drawn from these themes underscore the pivotal importance of support, collaboration, unwavering dedication, and proactive adaptations in effectually implementing reading programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite historical and current connections between the Catholic Church and social work in the Philippines, studies investigating these connections have been limited. Using an exploratory research design, this study examined this relationship by drawing on existing documents: legislation; curricula and minimum standards for social work programmes; course syllabi; the Code of Ethics; and textbooks. Three themes emerged in the analysis, offering tentative explanations for the Church's widespread influence: religion as embedded in Filipino life; the Catholic Church and Catholic-based organisations as key partners in the delivery of social services; and the intersection of Catholic teachings, social work principles and Filipino values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Separation issues have been rampant, and a significant rise in union dissolution cases in the Philippines has been observed. This certain occurrence should be given particular attention because it may alter the individual's way of living, particularly in perceiving and dealing with relationships. This study explores the lived experience of individuals who have undergone parental separation. The study utilized a Hermeneutic Phenomenological Design, which involved ten (10) respondents using a semi-structured key informant interview guide. The respondents were selected based on criteria as follows: (1) Have parents who have decided on the dissolution of marriage (annulled or informal) living separately; (2) 18 years of age and above; (3) Residents of Central Visayas; permanent or transient in Cebu City and; (4) Able to understand and express ideas in Cebuano dialect or English language. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis anchored on van Manen's six-step interpretive phenomenological approach with management and analysis done manually created a poem titled “Memoirs of Yesterday,” which incorporates three (3) major themes: (1) Into the Tunnel: Etiology of Separation, (2) The Darkness in the Tunnel: effects of the dissolution of marriage to children- emotional, psychological and academic status and (3) The Light After the Tunnel: attitude of the child and parent towards relationships and separation. The study implies that nurses should recognize the importance of assessing family concerns in rendering holistic and individualized client care. Thus, nurses should use assessed needs in advocating for the creation of more programs on awareness and counseling to families and, most especially, children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to analyze the administration of moral governance in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao government. A descriptive case study using interview guide questions to gather the responses from the 14 participants utilizing purposive sampling to members of the parliament, ministers, religious and tribal leaders, and academic and business sector representatives. The data were refined and clarified by grouping ideas or concepts to form clusters using thematic analysis. As analyzed, moral Governance in Islam is based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A. W.). It considers a governance of conscience coupled with good action and right behavior for the day-to-day operations and processes of the Bangsamoro government that must be duly implemented as the general habitual practice of all employees. It is the blend result of correct creed (aqeedah), good character (akhlaq), values (qiyam), integrity (nazaha), accountability (mas'ooliya), transparency (shafaafiya), and excellence (tamyeez). However, participants have confided that traditional politicians, leaders, and some professionals with secular knowledge having no or less background in Islamic laws and philosophies were some challenges they would encounter. Thus, to effectively administer moral governance, leadership should be based on Ibadah (worship), Ikhlas (sincerity), Hamd (praise), Sabr (patience), Taqwa (piety), Shura (consultation), Maslaha (public interest) and Tawakkul (reliance to God). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed our lives, whether that be for ordinary citizens or those occupying higher social status. The experience of sickness and suffering however, can give meaning and can pose a challenge to our religious beliefs and practices. This article explores in depth the experience of battling COVID-19 by selected Filipino celebrities who are a significant part of the Filipino culture and are admired by the general public. This article draws inspiration from their narratives about how they faced, struggled, and recovered from the dreaded COVID-19 disease. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, the transcripts of their interview revealled three major themes: total dependence on the Divine, therapeutic social support, and sickness as purposeful and transformative. These themes may contribute to future research in the discussion of how valuable are the life lessons during such a crisis, most especially from popular personalities who are considered "models" by the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disaster can lead to stressful crises and life stress among individuals. One of the most vulnerable age groups to post-traumatic stress are older adults. As such, this study explored older Filipino adults' living experiences pertaining to disaster during Typhoon Haiyan, highlighting the problems they encounter after the disaster and identifying factors that contribute to their disaster resilience. The researchers used a thematic analysis in the study among 11 older adults as participants. Three main themes were unveiled upon the analysis of the data: 1) feelings of powerlessness and selflessness within the self; 2) Individuals with positive and negative outlook, over time, slowly influence a positive outcome; and 3) accepting responsibility for one's personal decisions and actions. Older adults' immediate reaction after a disaster is the feeling of powerlessness. However, whether they have positive or negative outlooks about life, over time, these perspectives slowly influence a positive outcome, which leads to these older adults take hold on their responsibility as part of their personal decisions and actions to move forward. Gerontologists may suggest that older adults consider social support activities if they are receptive to them and may benefit from such activities, which can provide social contact, reduce alienation and isolation, and increase a sense of belonging, and life meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caregiving is considered a tough job as carers are challenged with care-related problems both from caregiving itself and the patients. In the Philippines, family members are usually seen doing the role for their patients. This study was conducted to determine the experiences and challenges in dealing with and addressing the needs of caregivers of terminally-ill cancer patients. Likewise, it explored the strategies caregivers do to manage the stress encountered in caring the terminally-ill cancer patients. A case study research method under qualitative research was followed in determining the experiences of five (5) caregivers from the selected barangays in Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat. A self-constructed guide question served as the primary tool in gathering data from the respondents which was held in March 2019. Findings reveal that majority of the respondents took care of their patients for a short duration of 1-4 months. They provided the basic needs of the patients like bathing, feeding, giving medication and changing of diapers. Most of the patients were irritable, and the needed care was offered immediately by the caregivers. The respondents felt that their role as a caregiver is challenging due to lack of sleep. More to that are the financial difficulties due to the hospitalization and needs of their patients. The respondents have undergone the grieving and mourning process and gradually accepted the death of the patients. As a coping mechanism, the respondents spent their time with their families, and they consider God as their strength and support. Caregiving is indeed a complicated process, yet the caregivers can manage and surpass the challenges encountered while caring for their patients. Families with cancer patients should refiect on the challenges the caregivers go through, not only focusing on the patients as they also need physical, emotional, financial, spiritual and social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The rate of international migration for the primary purpose of employment has increased exponentially in recent decades. A significant proportion of this global movement takes place across East and Southeast Asia as workers move on a temporary basis from lower-middle-income home countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam to high-income host destinations including Hong Kong and Singapore. Relatively little is known about the unique and long-term health needs of this heterogeneous group of people. This systematic review presents an analysis of recent research into the experiences and perceptions of health of temporary migrant workers in the East and Southeast Asian regions. Methods: Five electronic databases CINAHL Complete (via EbscoHost), EMBASE (including Medline), PsycINFO (via ProQuest), PubMed and Web of Science, were systematically searched for qualitative or mixed methods, peer-reviewed literature published in print or online between January 2010 and December 2020. Quality of the studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research published by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Findings from the included articles were extracted and synthesised using qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Eight articles were included in the review. Findings from this review indicate that multiple dimensions of workers' health is impacted by the processes of temporary migration. In addition, the research reviewed indicated that migrant workers used various strategies and mechanisms to attempt to address their health-related issues and to take better care of themselves. Such agentic practices could help them manage and maintain their health and wellbeing across physical, psychological and spiritual dimensions within the structural constraints of their employment. Conclusions: Limited published research has focused on the health perceptions and needs of temporary migrant workers in East and Southeast Asia. The studies included in this review focused on female migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong, Singapore, and the Philippines. These studies provide valuable insights but do not reflect the heterogeneity of migrants moving within these regions. The findings of this systematic review highlight that temporary migrant workers experience high and sustained levels of stress and are exposed to certain health risks which may compromise long-term health outcomes. These workers demonstrate knowledge and skills in managing their own health. This suggests that strength-based approaches to health promotion interventions may be effective in optimising their health over time. These findings are relevant to policy makers and non-government organisations supporting migrant workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perfectionism is a relevant construct among university students. Researchers have emphasized its significance and even suggested it as an "amplifier of risk" to youth mental health given its association with negative outcomes. The study aims to understand perfectionism and how it is experienced among Filipino perfectionist students from the University of the Philippines Diliman (UPD). The study employed in-depth phenomenological interviews to gather narratives reflecting the experiences and reflections shared by 10 perfectionist students from UPD. Thematic analysis was used to construct relevant themes about living with perfectionism. Perfectionist students exhibited high standards and behaviours and cognitions associated with rigidity and obsessiveness in many contexts in their lives. The family, pre-college (elementary and high school), and college contexts are significant in their development as perfectionists. Students also struggled with its constant negotiations and trade-offs because of its double-edged nature and the push and pull of their personal and others' standards. Narratives also indicate a relationship between their motivations as perfectionists, their strategies to manage it, and their expected mental health outcomes. Living with perfectionism among Filipino perfectionist students can be described as developmental, dialectical, and directed. Implications relevant to understanding Filipino perfectionism are outlined in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The definition of family wellbeing should be sensitive to the characteristics of a specific culture or population. Several studies have examined the conceptualization of family wellbeing among Western cultures. Yet, very little studies exist, if any, among Southeast Asian cultures. This qualitative study aimed to develop a conceptualization of Filipino Family Wellbeing. In-depth interviews were conducted among mothers or fathers of 63 Filipino families from low, middle, and high-income groups. The families came from different parts of Metro Manila (the capital city of the Philippines) and nearby rural areas. During the in-depth interviews, the respondents were asked to determine their definitions and descriptions of family wellbeing, identify the experiences that they associated with family wellbeing, and describe the characteristics of families with family wellbeing. The interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. To enhance the credibility of the study findings, interview transcripts were analyzed by at least three members of the research team. Eight dimensions of Filipino Family Wellbeing emerged from the analysis--Resource Adequacy, Comfortable Lifestyle, Financial Security and Stability, Good Family Relationships, Good Parenting, Good Health, Virtuous Family, and Family Satisfaction and Contentment. Specific indicators for each family wellbeing dimension were also identified based on the interview codes. A comparison of the research outcomes with existing literature showed that the Filipinos' concept of family wellbeing is similar in various ways with the conceptualizations of other populations. However, some indicators of Filipino family wellbeing were distinct from those found in other countries, such as the strong emphasis on providing the wants of children and leading a virtuous family life. Based on the peculiarities of the Filipinos' definition of family wellbeing, the study recommends the development of a family wellbeing measure that is suitable for Filipino families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutrition and feeding interventions are important for children's growth and development. Holt International's Child Nutrition Program (CNP) is a child nutrition and feeding intervention. This study aims to describe and explore the implementation of CNP in Mongolia and the Philippines using mixed methods including qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The analysis framework was guided by the WHO's Monitoring the Building Blocks of Health Systems. Key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted, transcribed, translated and coded. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Surveys (KAPS) and pre-/post-tests from routine program audit data were analyzed. Analysis of nutrition (Mongolia: 95% CI: 7.5-16.6 (p = < 0.0001), Philippines: 95% CI: 7.6-15.7 (p= < 0.0001)) and feeding (Mongolia: 95% CI: 11.7-23.9 (p = < 0.0001), Philippines: 95% CI: 6.6-16.9 (p = < 0.0001)) tests indicate improvement post-training in both countries. KAPS indicate changes in desired practices from pre-training to post-training. Thematic analysis of KIIs highlight essential components for program implementation and effectiveness, including strong leadership, buy-in, secure funding, reliable supply chains, training and adequate staffing. This evaluation of program implementation highlights successful strategies and challenges in implementing CNP to improve the health of children in Mongolia and the Philippines. Lessons learned from the implementation of CNP can inform growth of the program, scaling strategies and provide insights for similar interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses freedom, work and organisation by problematising Amartya Sen's pluralistic notion of (development as) freedom through a fieldwork study of a Filipino non-governmental organisation that promotes sustainable agriculture. In this context, peasant farmers face increasing threat from intersecting agrarian and climate crises, exacerbated by mainstream economic paradigms for agricultural development. For Sen, development encompasses the process of expanding the 'substantive freedoms' of people (freedom to), and removing sources of 'unfreedom' (freedom from). However, it is not clear in Sen's work how such freedoms are relationally constituted and thus the manner of the 'labour of agential becoming' at the core of Sen's thought. We therefore ask: how do agroecological work and organisational practices of grassroots development promote freedom for small-scale farmers under climate threat in the Global South? Our analysis identifies a novel form of freedom – labelled 'freedom with' – defined as a set of relational, multi-actor capabilities and organising practices that constitute alternative, future-oriented ways of doing and being. 'Freedom with' enables us to better understand how and why the labour of agential becoming works, offering a theoretical extension of Sen's notion of freedom with implications for debates in our field on sustainability and beyond-capitalist organising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inclusion of evidence-based practice (EBP) in entry-level physical therapy (PT) curricula is meant to develop the necessary competencies for better EBP uptake in clinical practice. This study aimed to: 1) determine the practice, knowledge, and values for EBP of the graduates of an entry-level PT curriculum with EBP education; 2) compare graduates' EBP practice profile to their EBP knowledge and values; and 3) explore their views on their EBP education and how EBP education influenced their practice. A convergent parallel design was used to gather quantitative and qualitative data. The Evidence-based Practice Profile - 2 (EBP2) questionnaire was used for quantitative data. Focus group discussions and open-ended questions in the EBP2 were sources for qualitative data. Seventy-seven completed the questionnaire and eight participated in focus group discussions. Participants scored highest for Relevance domain (standardized mean = 75.3) and lowest for Practice (standardized mean = 45.5). Three themes, 'Positive impact of EBP education,' 'Realities of PT clinical practice, and 'Strategies to improve EBP education' were derived. Data integration confirmed findings that graduates have good knowledge, value for, and confidence in doing EBP Findings suggest that early EBP education led to adequate knowledge, confidence, and positive attitudes, but practice barriers hinder EBP uptake. The medical model of service delivery was identified as a factor that influences EBP use. There is a need to revisit the EBP education program to complement real-world demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention works to eliminate tuberculosis (TB) disease by finding and treating cases of TB disease and expanding latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) testing and treatment to prevent TB disease. Approximately 70% of reported TB cases in the United States occur among non-U.S.–born persons. We conducted 15 focus groups with U.S. residents born in the six most common countries of birth among non-U.S.–born TB patients: Mexico, the Philippines, India, Vietnam, China and Guatemala. Participants reacted to 39 messages on LTBI and TB disease risk factors, the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, and LTBI testing and treatment. There was low awareness of LTBI, the TB blood test, and how the TB blood test is not affected by prior BCG vaccination. Several participants thought TB disease is contracted by sharing kitchenware. Some felt negatively targeted when presented with information about countries where TB disease is more common than the U.S. Findings highlight the need for communication aimed at increasing LTBI testing and treatment to include messages framed in ways that will be resonant and actionable to populations at risk. Focus groups revealed LTBI misconceptions which highlight areas for targeted education to decrease TB stigma and increase LTBI testing and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Viewing a policy as harmful can lead to its moral condemnation. However, this harmfulness can be constructed and negotiated to lead to different moral positions by building upon available, accessible, and relevant discourses. This study examined how individuals constructed and negotiated harm in moral reasoning about a contentious policy, Philippine President Duterte's war on drugs, locally known as tokhang. We conducted thematic analysis with attention to discourse to analyze interviews with 12 Filipino young adults, using the Theory of Dyadic Morality as a starting point to make sense of constructions of harm. Reasoning about tokhang showed different constructions of intentional agents and vulnerable victims serving as the basis for moral positions. Moral condemnation of the war on drugs emphasized the vulnerability of its victims and the intentionality of the government and police as agents. On the other hand, moral justification of the policy constructed drug war victims as agentic and guilty of crimes, the police as potentially vulnerable victims acting according to protocol to defend themselves, and rogue agents acting independently of the policy. Ambiguous positions were also made possible when the causality of harm is unclear. These constructions and negotiations were built upon broader discourses deployed in the sociopolitical context of urban young adults, with individual contexts and characteristics contributing to variations in the accessibility and relevance of certain discourses and resulting moral positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The leader-follower (L-F) relationship in the nursing sector is an important aspect in the delivery of healthcare. While studies that primarily focus on the nurse leader have yielded very important contributions, it is also necessary to look at how the followers see their relationship with the leader, in the context of the practices and culture of their environment. Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors that affect the quality of nurse leader-follower relationships and propose a model for fostering high-quality L-F relationships among nurses. Design and method: The study utilized a descriptive qualitative design using a deductive, semantic thematic analytical approach. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted among 11 staff nurses from different tertiary hospitals in Metro Manila. Data analysis and interpretation were performed using Braun, Clarke and Hayfield's thematic analysis. Results: Analysis showed that 19 factors, which influence the quality of leader-follower relationships among nurses, can be categorized into context factors, follower characteristics, and leadership characteristics. These factors gave rise to a model for highquality nurse leader-follower relationships. At the core of the model is the leader and followers, who both possess characteristics perceived to be the main factors in building high-quality relationships. The relationship takes place in the context of professional nursing practice, organizational context and work unit context. These three spheres of context are specific to nursing services in hospitals. Conclusion: The model highlights the characteristics of leaders and followers needed in high-quality nurse leader-follower relationships and the context in which they operate. It could be useful in guiding the staff development programs for nurses, as well as, improvements in the work environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]