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The purpose of this study is to to explore the influence of initial and additional comments on the sales volume of functional goods, this study takes toilet paper as an example to obtain the data of the number of initial and additional comments, emotional dimensions and monthly sales volume of the toilet paper goods on the e-commerce platform, and uses SPSS to build a regression model to draw the conclusion that both initial and additional comments have an impact on the sales volume of functional goods, but with different dimensions the influence intensity is different.

North Carolina’s colonial assembly emitted its own paper money and maintained some amount in public circulation during its entire history as a separate colony. No systematic or statistical analysis...

This paper discusses Helmedag’s article concerning Faustmann’s formula (Helmedag in Eur J For Res, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-018-1101-8). He computed the present value of a fully regulated forest, including standing timber and theoretical land values. He showed that the optimal rotation in a fully regulated forest would always be the one that maximized the sustainable forest net revenues. Helmedag concluded that the discount rate would have no significance for the optimal rotation in a fully regulated forest, while his solution would still fulfil the optimality condition implied by Faustmann’s formula. Here, we refute this assertion. In fact, the assumption of a fully regulated forest has no impact on the optimal rotation period, or may even reduce it. We illustrate this by appropriately considering the actual costs of achieving a fully regulated forest with altered rotation. One must not ignore the alterations of the financial flows when changing the underlying rotation age in an established fully regulated forest. When the opportunity costs of the transition period are included, the optimal rotation becomes the same as that of a single even-aged forest, or shorter, depending on the transition regime. Under the optimal transition regime, the diminishing marginal rate of return for extending the rotation period in a fully regulated forest matches the discount rate, when we achieve the Faustmann rotation. We conclude that the optimal rotation period is independent of the status as fully regulated forest, provided efficient harvest operations during the transition period.

Ontario's pulp and paper mills have been facing extreme competitive pressures due to declining markets and low-cost competition from around the world, which have affected their performance and relative technical efficiency. This study uses a non-parametric technique, bootstrap data envelopment analysis, in analysing the operational efficiency of 23 pulp and paper mills in Ontario with sample data collected over a period of 17 years (1999 to 2015). The results indicate low levels of efficiencies due to the management of operations as well as the scale of operations, especially during the economic downturns. In addition, we noticed regional differences in the operational efficiencies of these mills. These results provide comprehensive details to mill managers to reallocated future resources.

The link between news and investor decision making is widely discussed in the litera- ture. Utilising unique U.S. firm-level news data between 1979 and 2016, we document a cross-sectional difference in the speed of the diffusion of information contained in news. We distinguish news articles as being either slowly or quickly incorporated into contemporaneous stock prices. The return spread between stocks classified according to these two types of news yields a statistically significant profit of 139 basis points per month. This abnormal return cannot be explained by other well-known risk factors and is robust when allowing for trading costs. Overall, our research refines the role of news regarding information dissemination in the financial markets.

Background: Prognostic models combine several prognostic factors to provide an estimate of the likelihood (or risk) of future events in individual patients, conditional on their prognostic factor values. A fundamental part of evaluating prognostic models is undertaking studies to determine whether their predictive performance, such as calibration and discrimination, is reproduced across settings. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies evaluating prognostic models’ performance are a necessary step for selection of models for clinical practice and for testing the underlying assumption that their use will improve outcomes, including patient's reassurance and optimal future planning. Methods: In this paper, we highlight key concepts in evaluating the certainty of evidence regarding the calibration of prognostic models. Results and Conclusion: Four concepts are key to evaluating the certainty of evidence on prognostic models’ performance regarding calibration. The first concept is that the inference regarding calibration may take one of two forms: deciding whether one is rating certainty that a model's performance is satisfactory or, instead, unsatisfactory, in either case defining the threshold for satisfactory (or unsatisfactory) model performance. Second, inconsistency is the critical GRADE domain to deciding whether we are rating certainty in the model performance being satisfactory or unsatisfactory. Third, depending on whether one is rating certainty in satisfactory or unsatisfactory performance, different patterns of inconsistency of results across studies will inform ratings of certainty of evidence. Fourth, exploring the distribution of point estimates of observed to expected ratio across individual studies, and its determinants, will bear on the need for and direction of future research. © 2021

Due to the non-linear and highly volatile nature of the Stock market, it has become a very challenging task for researchers to make accurate predictions. Improving the efficiency of predictions has become the main goal of many researchers. From the traditional approach of working with historical dossiers to using the latest machine learning and deep learning techniques, researchers are busy finding out the best possible ways of accurate predictions. Many new models are suggested that can make good estimations of stock prices. Investors are interested in knowing both the immediate next-day prices and as well as future share prices in the long run. This paper inspects the algorithms and techniques that are useful for making accurate predictions.

We conduct a large-scale test of dynamic risk preferences. While most of the literature on dynamic risk restricts attention to positively skewed gambles, subjects in our experiment tend to choose negatively skewed lotteries. This allows us to study dynamic risk preferences in an environment that the literature has not analyzed. We find evidence of the reinforcement effect—individuals take on more risk after a gain and take on less risk after a loss. Furthermore, we exogenously vary whether these outcomes are “realized” or on paper, according to the distinction put forth by Imas (2016). We find little difference in the responses to realized and paper outcomes in environments of negatively skewed risk.

The management of writing a scientific papers we already know has important chapters in the writing. And have a way of choosing in a variety of methods. There are problems in this study, namely the absence of the use of research methods in scientific-rich management. Then one of them is needed by multivariate data analysis management to become one of the methods in writing scientific papers. Multivariate data is data collected from two or more observations by measuring these observations with several characteristics. There are 2 (two) methods in multivariate data, namely dependency and interdependence methods. Dependency analysis functions to explain or predict dependent variables by using two or more independent variables. Focused on the dependency method there are 9 (nine) classifications. It is expected that the multivariate data analysis management can help writers to use scientific research methods well and be able to analyze the influence of several variables on other variables at the same time

El final de la prensa diaria en papel es uno de los debates que centra la atención del estudio del impacto de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en el mercado periodístico, pues los datos de difusión de los diarios generalistas indican una constante caída. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el momento en que se generará la inflexión crítica que dé lugar al ocaso del soporte papel. Mediante análisis de series temporales, y a través metodologías econométricas, se toma como muestra representativa las cabeceras locales y concretamente las editadas en Galicia, por ser la comunidad autónoma con mayor número de ediciones locales. Los resultados predicen que el soporte papel entrará en el umbral de la última fase de su ciclo de vida a finales de la década de 2020. The end of the daily newspaper on paper is one of the main debates when studying the impact of information and communications technologies on the newspaper market, since broadcast data of general newspapers point out a steady decline. This research aims to estimate when there will be a critical inflection point which will result in the decline of paper editions. By means of time series analysis and econometric methodologies, we use as a representative sample local headers and specifically those published in Galicia, because it is the region with the greatest number of local editions. The results predict that paper editions will enter the threshold of the last phase of their life cycle in the late 2020s.