Search

China prioritizes ecological civilization construction and embraces the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." Great achievements have been made in ecological protection and restoration through implementing a series of policies and projects. This paper reviews the history of ecological restoration in China and the current development of the "integrated protection and restoration project of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, and deserts (IPRP)." Furthermore, the characteristics of IPRP were systematically elaborated from the perspectives of the ecological civilization thought, the policy management, and the key scientific issues. Also, the current achievements were summarized in the fields of national ecological space management, biodiversity conservation, and ecological protection and restoration. Existing challenges in management policy, scientific issues, and engineering practices were highlighted. Future perspectives include ecological space control, nature-based Solutions, biodiversity big data platform, modern techniques, and value realization mechanisms of ecological products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of New Architecture is the property of New Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Improvement of the walkability of the 15-min community life circle can enhance convenience for residents to obtain daily service facilities. In this paper, by obtaining the Point of Interest (POI) data of daily facilities used by Shanghai residents, we calculate the walk scores of community residents within 15-min walking distance using the walkability assessment tool and analyze the results with population density for spatial correlation. The results show that communities with high walk scores are concentrated in central areas, with low walk scores are scattered in the suburbs of the city. Walking scores are high for access from communities to bus stops and commercial services but low for access to parks and primary schools. The formation of a compact and accessible spatial layout can significantly improve the walkability of the community. Walkability is not only related to the construction of facilities in terms of quantity and space but is also influenced by the degree of spatial clustering in the community. It needs to be reasonably configured in conjunction with the spatial distribution of the community in order to effectively improve the utilization of facilities. Finally, community walkability is significantly and positively correlated with population density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Public Art is the property of Shanghai Fine Arts Publisher Ltd. co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Social work services at schools in Hong Kong will begin a new chapter in kindergartens in 2018–2019 school year. Early childhood professionals have long considered family‐centered service delivery best practice. This paper reports a pioneer project on a family‐centered approach in kindergarten social work services in Hong Kong. The project was illustrated according to the following family‐centered principles: (a) The family as the unit of attention, (b) Linking families with community resources, (c) Flexible and individualized service provision, and (d) Creating partnerships and supportive relationships. The value and contributions of family‐centered social work services in kindergartens and implications for social work training in Hong Kong are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the basic unit of social governance grid in China, urban community plays an active and important role in the promotion of comprehensive ability of social governance in China while the intelligent management of human resources within community management organizations and the effective integration of external human resources plays a decisive role in improving the overall level of social governance. This paper analyzes the three problems of human resource management in urban community under conditions of normalized epidemic prevention and control, such as unreasonable personnel allocation, large internal consumption of human resources, less strength of personnel reserve, weak integration ability, imperfect supervision mechanism and insufficient human resource incentive mechanism. It is concluded that only by adhering to the thinking of intelligent guidance, technology empowerment and information platform, can the community effectively promote the modernization of social governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neighbourhood social cohesion has emerged as a prominent concern in urban governance worldwide. As the primary domain of residents' daily activities, the community life circle contributes to neighbourly interaction and social cohesion. This study investigates the role of space use within the community life circle in promoting social cohesion in Chongqing, China. Through an in-depth activity diary survey and structural equation model analysis, we empirically examine the interplay between community space use, neighbourly interaction, and social cohesion. Our findings suggest that the 15 min community life circle plays a crucial role in residents' daily lives, particularly among senior residents. However, the contribution of community space use to social cohesion is fully mediated by neighbourly interaction. Furthermore, not all patterns of community space use contribute to social cohesion equally; space use engaged with diverse companions on workdays significantly enhances neighbourly interaction and social cohesion. The study enriches the existing literature by deepening our understanding of the role of the community life circle in fostering socially cohesive and sustainable neighbourhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The notion of community resource identification and its value in promoting community building programs with an intergenerational initiative in urban communities in China is important to this paper. Although intergenerational programming is a new concept among Chinese stakeholders, it is considered a timely approach to community development, particularly with the retreat and destatization of socialist welfare in contemporary China. This paper describes how, with the application of the newly developed Community Resources Assessment Tool (CRAT), community resources, in particular resources from elderly people, were identified and mobilized for intergenerational programs in a community in Shanghai, China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the flagship species of biodiversity protection, the giant panda has an umbrella protection function. China is committed to building a natural protection system with national parks as the main body to achieve sustainable development. In this paper, the sustainable livelihood analysis framework is used to study the livelihood of farmers in the surrounding communities of the giant panda protected land. Based on the data obtained from the field survey, the evaluation index of the natural resource dependence of the community farmers is established, and then the measurement model is constructed to analyze the main factors affecting the natural resource dependence of the communities. The results showed that: (1) The food dependence of farmers around the giant panda protected area is the highest (46.32%), followed by energy dependence (37.67%), and income dependence is the lowest (27.91%). (2) In terms of regional characteristics, the natural resource dependence of farmers is the lowest in Minshan and Qionglai, followed by Daxiangling and Xiaoxiangling, and Liangshan is the highest. (3) Physical capital has no significant effect on the natural resource dependence. The influence of human capital, natural capital, and social capital on the natural resource dependence is significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the relationship between leisure satisfaction and quality of life in Macao, a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China. Macao has the highest population density of any city in the world, putting particular pressure on the use of resources for leisure. By examining the significance of leisure to Macao's inhabitants, the paper argues that access to leisure is a vital element in harmonizing community life. The study also contributes to understanding the existing deficits in leisure provision in the city and indicates the need to address these deficits appropriately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Landscape degradation and habitat fragmentation are some of the most urgent environmental problems associated with human development and regional integrated planning. Regional ecological network planning involves connecting high-quality habitats and reducing the negative impact of landscape fragmentation on the remaining natural patches through structural and functional connectivity. The concept of "mountains–rivers–forests–farmlands–lakes–grasslands life community", as a system concept to solve the whole problem of regional ecological network in China, associates all natural ecological factors and ecological relations through a systematic pattern, emphasizing the systematicness and integrality of ecological environment protection. This study, based on the progress of the study of "mountains–rivers–forests–farmlands–lakes–grasslands life community" and ecological network, clarifies the intrinsic connection and systemic relationship between humans and natural resources, and it clarifies the importance of multi-objective ecological network construction for the integrated development of resources in the whole region. Taking the Taishan area as the study subject, the ecological network construction approach of "risk assessment–source identification–corridor extraction–node selection" was constructed from three objectives—ecological systemic structure, ecological process integrity and ecological service efficiency—based on morphological spatial pattern analysis, minimum cumulative resistance model, gravity model and other modeling methods. The findings of this study can provide the evidence and clarification for the construction of a regional ecological network in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of dependency personality disorder (DPD) is high among elderly people living in rural areas. This study aims to explore the association between dependency on community resources and social support among elderly individuals living in rural areas.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 26 locations in China. A total of 1160 participants aged ≥ 60 years were selected using a complex multistage sampling design. All data were obtained using questionnaires via face-to-face interviews. DPD was measured using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-II in the standardized Chinese version. Self-efficacy was assessed using the Chinese version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Social support was measured using the Chinese version of the questionnaires of the Older American Resources and Services scale. Community services and resources comprised 44 items. The association between DPD and levels of social support and self-efficacy was evaluated using a logistic regression model. The association between social support and self-efficacy was assessed using analysis of covariance.Results: Univariate analysis results showed that elderly people living in rural areas had higher DPD scores and lower levels of self-efficacy compared with those living in urban areas (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that DPD was positively associated with the received frequencies of community health service, contracted family doctor services, and regular lectures on health knowledge among the elderly people with odd ratios of 1.58 (P < 0.001), 2.03 (P = 0.013), and 2.67 (P = 0.005), respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed significant interaction between social support and self-efficacy effect on DPD was found in the additive model (P < 0.001).Conclusion: DPD was associated mainly with the community resources among elderly people living in rural areas. Social support and self-efficacy were commonly associated with DPD through a synergistic effect. These results suggest that DPD among elderly people may be reduced through effective social support to directly and indirectly promote the elderly's use of community resources and improve their self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Established in 1954 and drawing heavily on dance conservatory models from Russia, the Beijing Dance Academy (BDA) has become a predominant influence on dance education in East Asia. As it addresses the artistic, cultural and educational needs of China into the twenty-first century, the BDA is now negotiating a new terrain and seeking new pedagogical strategies. Investigating similar issues, the Dance Studies Programme at the University of Auckland has become a research hub for applied uses of dance in community and educational contexts. This article critically reflects on a dialogue held between these two institutions, on the meanings, functions and future directions for dance in education and the community. This includes a historical analysis of the term ‘community’ in English and Mandarin, a political analysis of possible relationships between dance and a community (drawn from different UNESCO mandates), and a pedagogical analysis of educational strategies employed within dance in community contexts. Queries emerge regarding the potential challenges and opportunities of intercultural education in dance education. Through historicizing the cultural, political and pedagogic environments of the two institutions, the authors hope to provide some clarity around differences and commonalities, and consider how this institutional dialogue might provide a platform for further intercultural collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The post-1979 period in China has seen the implementation of reforms that dismantled much of the Maoist era social welfare system and permitted a significant reallocation of society's resources. The result has been rapid but uneven economic development that has profoundly altered the environment within which consumers make health investment decisions. Many studies report significant and apparently non-random reductions in health care utilization during this period. Scholars have tended to focus on the loss of insurance coverage and the growth of fees for services in explaining such reductions. An alternative explanation is growing inequality in access to care. This possibility has not received much research attention. As a result, our understanding of the patterns of changes in health care access, and of the types of populations that have been most adversely affected, has been rather limited.This research examines the distribution of the changes in several indicators of access to health care across communities during the period 1989 to 1997. We find evidence of relatively uneven changes to these indicators. Money charges for routine services increased consistently, though this trend was less pronounced in lower-income communities. Most communities experienced reductions in travel distance to clinics but increases in distance to hospitals. There were major improvements to the quality of care in wealthier rural areas, but not in poorer villages. Wealthier villages experienced less improvement in waiting time and drug availability. These trends appear to be closely associated with changing economic circumstances during the reform era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender bias in family formation in China is well documented. Much less is known about how children fare once they become part of a family Drawing on fieldwork and survey data, we describe the care of young children, and investigate the relationship between the one=child policy and parental involvement in care. Results indicate that the one-child policy, insofar as it limits couples to one or two children, leads to greater involvement by parents in child Care. Additional effects of policy vary by children's gender. Boys receive similar care regardless of the one-child policy in their communities's Girls, living in communities where couples arc permitted another child if their first is a girl, are more likely to receive parental care than girls in other communities, These results suggest that gender bias in China is not solely due to outdated `"feudal" ideas resulting in son preference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]