232 results
Search Results
2. An umbrella review of systematic reviews of the evidence of a causal relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular diseases: Position paper from the Canadian Dental Hygienists Association.
- Author
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Lavigne, Salme E. and Forrest, Jane L.
- Subjects
PERIODONTAL disease treatment ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors ,CAUSALITY (Physics) ,CINAHL database ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDLINE ,ONLINE information services ,PERIODONTAL disease ,RESEARCH funding ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,CLINICAL trial registries - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene is the property of Canadian Dental Hygienists Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
3. Therapeutic oral rinsing with non-commercially available products: Position paper and statement from the Canadian Dental Hygienists Association, part 2.
- Author
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Asadoorian, Joanna
- Subjects
DENTAL hygienists ,CINAHL database ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDLINE ,MOUTHWASHES ,ONLINE information services ,PROFESSIONAL associations ,TOOTH care & hygiene ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,EVIDENCE-based medicine ,PROFESSIONAL practice ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene is the property of Canadian Dental Hygienists Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
4. Effectiveness, safety, and acceptance of silver diamine fluoride therapy and its implications for dental hygiene practice: Position paper and statement from the Canadian Dental Hygienists Association.
- Author
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Farmer, Julie W., Singhal, Sonica, Dempster, Laura, and Quiñonez, Carlos
- Subjects
CAVITY prevention ,TREATMENT of dental caries ,TOOTH sensitivity ,FLUORIDE varnishes ,CINAHL database ,DENTAL hygiene ,PATIENT aftercare ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SERVICES for caregivers ,MEDLINE ,QUALITY assurance ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,LITERATURE reviews ,PARENT attitudes ,PREVENTION ,SOCIETIES ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene is the property of Canadian Dental Hygienists Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
5. Therapeutic oral rinsing with commercially available products: Position paper and statement from the Canadian Dental Hygienists Association.
- Author
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Asadoorian, Joanna
- Subjects
GINGIVAL hyperplasia ,MOUTHWASHES ,BIOFILMS ,CINAHL database ,DECISION making ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,MANAGEMENT ,MEDLINE ,ONLINE information services ,TOOTH care & hygiene ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,DENTAL associations ,PREVENTION ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene is the property of Canadian Dental Hygienists Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
6. Instantiating informatics in nursing practice for integrated patient centred holistic models of care: a discussion paper.
- Author
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Hussey, Pamela A. and Kennedy, Margaret Ann
- Subjects
- *
CINAHL database , *HEALTH care reform , *HOLISTIC medicine , *INTEGRATED health care delivery , *HEALTH policy , *MEDLINE , *NURSES , *NURSING , *PHILOSOPHY of nursing , *NURSING career counseling , *NURSING ethics , *NURSING informatics , *ONLINE information services , *WORLD health , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *JUDGMENT sampling , *EVIDENCE-based nursing , *LEADERS , *NURSES' associations , *CHANGE management , *ORGANIZATIONAL goals , *PATIENT-centered care , *ELECTRONIC health records - Abstract
Aim A discussion on how informatics knowledge and competencies can enable nursing to instantiate transition to integrated models of care. Background Costs of traditional models of care are no longer sustainable consequent to the spiralling incidence and costs of chronic illness. The international community looks towards technology-enabled solutions to support a shift towards integrated patient-centred models of care. Design Discussion paper. Data sources A search of the literature was performed dating from 2000-2015 and a purposeful data sample based on relevance to building the discussion was included. Discussion The holistic perspective of nursing knowledge can support and advance integrated healthcare models. Informatics skills are key for the profession to play a leadership role in design, implementation and operation of next generation health care. However, evidence suggests that nursing engagement with informatics strategic development for healthcare provision is currently variable. Implications for nursing A statistically significant need exists to progress health care towards integrated models of care. Strategic and tactical plans that are robustly pragmatic with nursing insights and expertise are an essential component to achieve effective healthcare provision. To avoid exclusion in the discourse dominated by management and technology experts, nursing leaders must develop and actively promote the advancement of nursing informatics skills. For knowledge in nursing practice to flourish in contemporary health care, nurse leaders will need to incorporate informatics for optimal translation and interpretation. Conclusion Defined nursing leadership roles informed by informatics are essential to generate concrete solutions sustaining nursing practice in integrated care models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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7. Canadian military transitioning to civilian life: a discussion paper.
- Author
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RAY, S. L. and HEASLIP, K.
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CINAHL database , *MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems , *MEDLINE , *MENTAL health , *SOCIAL adjustment , *MILITARY personnel , *PSYCHOLOGY of veterans , *WAR - Abstract
The purpose of this discussion paper is to explore the existing literature from Canada on transitioning from military to civilian life for veterans of recent deployments. A number of topics relating to the transition experience emerged: interpersonal readjustment, emotional including mental health needs, school needs, and social needs. Implications for nursing will be discussed in terms of veterans as a cultural group and culturally competent nursing care. Recommendations for future nursing research include how well current services are meeting the needs of the younger, more recent veterans transitioning to civilian life; conducting longitudinal studies on the impact of transitioning to civilian life for veterans and their families; comparing the transition experience at an international level; developing a transition model that situates the veteran culture as the overarching framework for testing and understanding the experience of transitioning to civilian life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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8. Influence of Rurality on Oral Cancer Trends among Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) Member Countries—A Scoping Review.
- Author
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Ramamurthy, Poornima, Sharma, Dileep, Clough, Alan, and Thomson, Peter
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HEALTH services accessibility ,PAPILLOMAVIRUS diseases ,MOUTH tumors ,RESEARCH funding ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,CINAHL database ,SMOKING ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,RURAL conditions ,LITERATURE reviews ,HEALTH equity ,ONLINE information services - Abstract
Simple Summary: Oral cancer affects the mouth and throat areas. It is a major cause of death for older people in developed countries. This review looked at how living in rural areas influences oral cancer trends in these countries. The studies from these countries showed increasing rates of oral cancer in rural areas of the US, Australia, Canada, and Europe. Older people are more affected by these cancers than younger groups. The main risk factors are tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and HPV infections. People in rural areas often do not know much about HPV-related cancers. They also tend to use more tobacco and alcohol than city dwellers. Even in developed countries, living in rural areas can lead to shorter lifespans for oral cancer patients. This is mainly because it is harder for them to access specialized cancer treatment centres and advanced medical care. In summary, where people live can significantly impact their chances of surviving oral cancer, even in wealthy nations. Oral cancer is the general term used to describe cancers of the oral cavity and oropharyngeal region. These cancers are one of the leading causes of death in elderly residents within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries in the 21st century. This scoping review was carried out to assess the influence of rurality on oral cancer trends and patterns among OECD member countries. Four online databases (Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL) were searched for studies that reported on oral cancer trends in rural and remote areas in OECD member countries. A total of 1143 articles were obtained initially; among them, 995 papers were screened to include 18 articles for this scoping review. Studies have reported increasing incidence and prevalence in the United States, Australia, Canada, and European countries wherein risk factors such as tobacco, alcohol, and human papilloma virus (HPV) infections were associated with oral and oropharyngeal cancers. Awareness among people living in rural areas about HPV-related cancers was very low, while rates of tobacco and alcohol abuse were noted to be rising more rapidly than among their urban counterparts. Furthermore, the ageing population was most affected compared to the younger age groups of people with oral and oropharyngeal cancer that are prevalent in these regions. Overall, despite living in developed countries, rurality was noted to be a significant factor in the lower life expectancy of oral cancer patients, mainly due to the limited accessibility to tertiary cancer care centres and advanced medical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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9. Fracture definitions in observational osteoporosis drug effects studies that leverage healthcare administrative (claims) data: a scoping review.
- Author
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Konstantelos, N., Rzepka, A. M., Burden, A. M., Cheung, A. M., Kim, S., Grootendorst, P., and Cadarette, S. M.
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EVALUATION of medical care ,CINAHL database ,DIPHOSPHONATES ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,HIP fractures ,ULNA injuries ,HEALTH insurance reimbursement ,OSTEOPOROSIS ,HUMERUS ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE ,BONE fractures ,RADIUS fractures ,VERTEBRAL fractures ,FEMORAL fractures - Abstract
Summary: Healthcare administrative (claims) data are commonly utilized to estimate drug effects. We identified considerable heterogeneity in fracture outcome definitions in a scoping review of 57 studies that estimated osteoporosis drug effects on fracture risk. Better understanding of the impact of different fracture definitions on study results is needed. Purpose: Healthcare administrative (claims) data are frequently used to estimate the real-world effects of drugs. Fracture incidence is a common outcome of osteoporosis drug studies. We aimed to describe how fractures are defined in studies that use claims data. Methods: We searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), and gray literature for studies published in English between 2000 and 2020 that estimated fracture effectiveness (hip, humerus, radius/ulna, vertebra) or safety (atypical fracture of the femur, AFF) of osteoporosis drugs using claims data in Canada and the USA. Literature searches, screening and data abstraction were completed independently by two reviewers. Results: We identified 57 eligible studies (52 effectiveness, 3 safety, 2 both). Hip fracture was the most common fracture site studied (93%), followed by humerus (66%), radius/ulna (59%), vertebra (61%), and AFF (9%). Half (n = 29) of the studies did not indicate specific data sources, codes, or cite a validation paper. Of the papers with sufficient detail, heterogeneity in fracture definitions was common. The most common definition within each fracture site was used by less than half of the studies that examined effectiveness (12 definitions in 29 hip fracture papers, 8 definitions in 17 humerus papers, 8 definitions in 13 radius/ulna papers, 9 definitions in 15 vertebra papers), and 3 definitions among 4 AFF papers. Conclusion: There is ambiguity and heterogeneity in fracture outcome definitions in studies that leverage claims data. Better transparency in outcome reporting is needed. Future exploration of how fracture definitions impact study results is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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10. Self‐care behaviours and related cultural factors among Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease in western countries: an integrative review.
- Author
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Zeng, Ling, Perry, Lin, and Xu, Xiaoyue
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,CULTURE ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,CINAHL database ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,HEALTH services accessibility ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,SELF-management (Psychology) ,PATIENT decision making ,COMMUNICATION barriers ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,DIET ,PHYSICAL activity ,FAMILY roles ,HEALTH behavior ,DRUGS ,ACCESS to information ,PATIENT compliance ,HEALTH self-care ,AMED (Information retrieval system) - Abstract
Aims and objectives: This review aimed to demonstrate the self‐care behaviours of first‐generation Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease in western countries and identify related cultural factors. Background: Self‐care is the cornerstone to mitigate disease symptoms and maintain health status. Chinese immigrants to western countries, operating within a cross‐cultural context, may find self‐care to manage their cardiovascular disease challenging. Design: An integrative review was conducted. Methods: Seven databases were searched Scopus, ProQuest Health & Medicine, Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), PsycINFO and CINAHL, with output limited to peer‐reviewed studies published from 2000 to 2020 in English or Chinese. Initially, 2037 papers were screened. Six papers were retained and critiqued using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Deductive and inductive approaches were utilised to analyse the findings. The PRISMA 2020 checklist informed review reportage. Result: In general, Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease took an active role in management of their cardiovascular disease, including through diet and activity adaptation and adherence to western medication. Families also played a significant role in disease decision‐making and management. However, language and cultural barriers impeded their access to health information and resources in host countries. Relevance to clinical practice: Understanding self‐care behaviours and associated cultural factors among Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease is important to improve nurses' culturally sensitive practices and provide tailored health education interventions to promote self‐care behaviours among immigrant populations. The scarcity of literature on self‐care behaviours among Chinese first‐generation immigrants with cardiovascular disease indicates the need for further research in this area. Development of culturally and linguistically sensitive health resources and education programs is urgently needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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11. Challenges, coping responses and supportive interventions for international and migrant students in academic nursing programs in major host countries: a scoping review with a gender lens.
- Author
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Merry, Lisa, Vissandjée, Bilkis, and Verville-Provencher, Kathryn
- Subjects
SEXUAL orientation ,CINAHL database ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,SOCIAL support ,PSYCHOLOGY of college students ,DEVELOPED countries ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,TEACHING ,PSYCHOLOGY of refugees ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MALE nurses ,PSYCHOLOGY of nursing students ,CULTURAL pluralism ,NURSING education ,SEX distribution ,GENDER identity ,EXPERIENCE ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,RESEARCH funding ,STUDENTS ,ENGLISH as a foreign language ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DECISION making ,NURSING research ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,LITERATURE reviews ,NURSING students ,MEDLINE ,MANAGEMENT ,FOREIGN students ,PSYCHOLOGY of immigrants ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) ,CLINICAL education - Abstract
Background: International and migrant students face specific challenges which may impact their mental health, well-being and academic outcomes, and these may be gendered experiences. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the literature on the challenges, coping responses and supportive interventions for international and migrant students in academic nursing programs in major host countries, with a gender lens. Methods: We searched 10 databases to identify literature reporting on the challenges, coping responses and/or supportive interventions for international and migrant nursing students in college or university programs in Canada, the United-States, Australia, New Zealand or a European country. We included peer-reviewed research (any design), discussion papers and literature reviews. English, French and Spanish publications were considered and no time restrictions were applied. Drawing from existing frameworks, we critically assessed each paper and extracted information with a gender lens. Results: One hundred fourteen publications were included. Overall the literature mostly focused on international students, and among migrants, migration history/status and length of time in country were not considered with regards to challenges, coping or interventions. Females and males, respectively, were included in 69 and 59% of studies with student participants, while those students who identify as other genders/sexual orientations were not named or identified in any of the research. Several papers suggest that foreign-born nursing students face challenges associated with different cultural roles, norms and expectations for men and women. Other challenges included perceived discrimination due to wearing a hijab and being a 'foreign-born male nurse', and in general nursing being viewed as a feminine, low-status profession. Only two strategies, accessing support from family and other student mothers, used by women to cope with challenges, were identified. Supportive interventions considering gender were limited; these included matching students with support services' personnel by sex, involving male family members in admission and orientation processes, and using patient simulation as a method to prepare students for care-provision of patients of the opposite-sex. Conclusion: Future work in nursing higher education, especially regarding supportive interventions, needs to address the intersections of gender, gender identity/sexual orientation and foreign-born status, and also consider the complexity of migrant students' contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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12. Identification and assessment of factors that impact the demand for and supply of dental hygienists amidst an evolving workforce context: a scoping review.
- Author
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Dobrow, Mark J., Valela, Angela, Bruce, Eric, Simpson, Keisha, and Pettifer, Glenn
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RESEARCH funding ,DEVELOPED countries ,CINAHL database ,MEDICAL care ,WORK environment ,PRIMARY health care ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,JOB satisfaction ,LITERATURE reviews ,RURAL conditions ,MEDICAL needs assessment ,LABOR supply ,MEDICAL practice - Abstract
Background: This study involved a scoping review to explore factors influencing dental hygienist demand and supply in high-income countries. Methods: A six-stage scoping review was conducted with separate search strategies tailored to four databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Google) plus a targeted scan of dental hygienist organization websites. This yielded 2,117 unique citations, leading to 148 articles included in the review. Results: Nearly half of the articles (47%) focused on the United States, with 11% on Canada. Most articles (91%) were in English, alongside 13 in Korean and one in French. Journal articles comprised 62% of the publications, followed by reports/working papers (11%) and websites (11%). Other types included conference abstracts, policy briefs, and presentation slides. Content-wise, 47% were original research, with analysis articles (14%), commentaries (11%), and reviews (8%) also present. The articles were coded into three main categories: workforce characteristics/projections, factor-specific analyses, and workforce opportunities. The articles on workforce characteristics covered demographic, geographic, and employment aspects of dental hygienists, along with projections for supply and demand using simulation modelling and geospatial analyses. Factor-specific articles investigated the (1) working environment, (2) policy/regulatory/training environment, (3) job/career satisfaction and related human resource issues, and (4) scope of practice. The third key category of articles highlighted opportunities for expanding the workforce through alternative models in different sectors/settings (e.g., public health, primary care, long-term care, hospitals, mobile outreach, and non-clinical roles including research, education and leadership) and for a range of vulnerable or underserved populations (e.g., geriatric and pediatric populations, persons with disabilities, those living in rural/remote areas, Indigenous peoples, and incarcerated people). Conclusions: This review provides a comprehensive documentation of the current state of the dental hygienist workforce, compiling factors affecting demand and supply, and highlighting opportunities for the dental hygienist workforce in Canada and other high-income countries. The findings offer a foundation for future research, highlighting the need for more focused and rigorous reviews and underscoring the necessity of high-quality studies to verify the effectiveness of various interventions and policies. This is crucial to address dental hygienist workforce challenges and ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of oral health care delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Inequities in access to palliative and end-of-life care in the black population in Canada: a scoping review.
- Author
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Bassah, Nahyeni, Beranek, Julia, Kennedy, Megan, Onabadejo, Juliet, and Santos Salas, Anna
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HEALTH services accessibility ,HEALTH literacy ,PSYCHOLOGY of the terminally ill ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PALLIATIVE treatment ,HEALTH attitudes ,RESEARCH funding ,CINAHL database ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,CAREGIVERS ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDICAL databases ,HEALTH equity ,TERMINAL care ,BLACK Canadians ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,HOSPICE care ,RELIGIOUS leaders - Abstract
Background: Improving equity and early access to palliative care for underserved populations in Canada is a priority. Little is known regarding access to palliative and end-of-life care in the Black population. Methods: We undertook a scoping review using the framework by Arksey and O'Malley to identify knowledge, access gaps, and experiences of palliative and end-of-life care among Blacks living with life-limiting illnesses in Canada. Primary studies, discussion papers, books, and reports were considered eligible. We followed a comprehensive search strategy developed by an information scientist. Searches were performed in the following bibliographic databases: Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO via OVID, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, Scopus and Cochrane Library via Wiley. The search strategy was derived from three main concepts: (1) Black people; (2) Canada and Canadian provinces; (3) Palliative, hospice, or end-of-life care. No publication date or language limits were applied. Titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility by one reviewer and full text by two independent reviewers. Results: The search yielded 233 articles. Nineteen articles were selected for full-text review, and 7 articles met the inclusion criteria. These studies were published between 2010 and 2021, and conducted in the provinces of Ontario and Nova Scotia only. Studies used both quantitative and qualitative methods and included cancer decedents, next of kin, family caregivers and religious leaders. Sample sizes in various studies ranged from 6 − 2,606 participants. Included studies reported a general lack of understanding about palliative and end-of-life care, positive and negative experiences, and limited access to palliative and end-of-life care for Blacks, across all care settings. Conclusion: Findings suggest limited knowledge of palliative care and inequities in access to palliative and end-of-life care for Blacks living with life-limiting illnesses in 2 Canadian provinces. There is an urgent need for research to inform tailored and culturally acceptable strategies to improve understanding and access to palliative care and end-of-life care among Blacks in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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14. The perceived effects of migration on the mental health of Afro‐Caribbean immigrants: A narrative synthesis of qualitative studies.
- Author
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Ojurongbe, Sandra
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration & psychology ,IMMIGRANTS ,CINAHL database ,ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,RACISM ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MENTAL health ,HEALTH status indicators ,FAMILIES ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MEDLINE - Abstract
Accessible Summary: What Is Known on the Subject?: Economic and educational opportunities are usually the principal driving forces for migration.There is a large body of quantitative research studies, mainly from the U.K., supporting the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, mainly psychotic disorders, in Afro‐Caribbean immigrants which increases across generations.The process of migration and acculturation can present significant risk factors for psychiatric disorders in immigrants.Research involving members of the Black community is generally conducted with the perception that Blacks are a homogenous group, ignoring the cultural and ethnic differences among the subgroups. What the Paper Adds to Existing Knowledge?: It provides a broadened understanding of the experiences, thoughts and feelings of Afro‐Caribbean immigrants, and the factors within the processes of migration and acculturation that negatively impacts their mental health.It provides context to the volume of quantitative studies indicating a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, particularly psychotic disorders, in Afro‐Caribbean immigrants and their offspring. What Are the Implications for Practice?: Nurses conducting mental health evaluations and assessments for members of the Black community should be culturally competent. Cultural competence entails an understanding of cultural beliefs, race, ethnicity and values. Additionally, knowledge of the effects of migration and acculturation as mental health risks is also important to improve mental health outcomes.Cultural competence will help reduce health disparities by increasing trust in the health care system and providers, not only for Afro‐Caribbean immigrants, but all immigrant groups. Introduction: There is evidence to support migration as a significant risk factor for psychiatric disorders in immigrants. Unfortunately, as an immigrant group, little is known about the mental health of Afro‐Caribbean immigrants and the factors that threaten their mental health. Aim: To explore the perceived effects of migration on the mental health of Afro‐Caribbean immigrants. Methods: A qualitative narrative synthesis was employed to interpretively integrate 13 primary qualitative research findings. Eleven of the primary studies were conducted in the U.K., one in the U.S. and one in Canada. Results: The themes gleaned: (1) experiences of racism, (2) generational conflicts, (3) feelings of powerlessness, (4) limited socioeconomic resources, (5) unfulfilled expectations, (6) fragmented family and community and (7) ignoring cultural/ethnic identity. Discussion: The findings broadened the understanding and experiences of Afro‐Caribbean immigrants and their mental health vulnerabilities as they navigate through migration and acculturation. Implications for Practice: Addressing the mental health of Afro‐Caribbeans will require health care providers to: (1) be cognizant of their immigrant status; (2) understand how migration and acculturation influence the mental health of immigrants; (3) be aware of the ethnocultural differences among Black subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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15. Mental health consequences of detaining children and families who seek asylum: a scoping review.
- Author
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Mares, Sarah
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION law ,MENTAL illness risk factors ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,CINAHL database ,WELL-being ,PSYCHOLOGY of refugees ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PARENT-child separation ,RISK assessment ,PARENTING ,CHILD psychopathology ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE ,PARENT-child relationships - Abstract
Almost 80 million people globally are forcibly displaced. A small number reach wealthy western countries and seek asylum. Over half are children. Wealthy reception countries have increasingly adopted restrictive reception practices including immigration detention. There is an expanding literature on the mental health impacts of immigration detention for adults, but less about children. This scoping review identified 22 studies of children detained by 6 countries (Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Netherlands, the UK and the US) through searches of Medline, PsychINFO, Emcare, CINAHL and Scopus data bases for the period January 1992–May 2019. The results are presented thematically. There is quantitative data about the mental health of children and parents who are detained and qualitative evidence includes the words and drawings of detained children. The papers are predominantly small cross-sectional studies using mixed methodologies with convenience samples. Despite weaknesses in individual studies the review provides a rich and consistent picture of the experience and impact of immigration detention on children's wellbeing, parental mental health and parenting. Displaced children are exposed to peri-migration trauma and loss compounded by further adversity while held detained. There are high rates of distress, mental disorder, physical health and developmental problems in children aged from infancy to adolescence which persist after resettlement. Restrictive detention is a particularly adverse reception experience and children and parents should not be detained or separated for immigration purposes. The findings have implications for policy and practice. Clinicians and researchers have a role in advocacy for reception polices that support the wellbeing of accompanied and unaccompanied children who seek asylum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Registered nurses' knowledge, attitudes and practices of pain management for aged care residents with dementia: an integrative review.
- Author
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Gardner, Paul, Gilbert, Julia, Plummer, Virginia, and Hills, Danny
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- *
NURSING audit , *PAIN measurement , *RESEARCH funding , *DATA analysis , *CINAHL database , *NURSING , *UNCERTAINTY , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *MEDLINE , *THEMATIC analysis , *NURSES' attitudes , *PAIN management , *SENILE dementia , *TREATMENT delay (Medicine) , *RESIDENTIAL care , *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems , *DEMENTIA patients - Abstract
Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Registered Nurses working in residential aged care facilities pertaining to pain management for residents living with dementia. Background: Sub-optimal pain management continues for people living with dementia in residential aged care. Registered Nurses are the pivotal staff responsible for complex assessment and management of people residing in residential aged care facilities. Design and methods: :This integrative literature review was informed by Whittemore (2005). Searching and screening followed the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Thirteen papers were identified, the major themes identified were gaps in knowledge and skills, uncertainty of assessment, and delays in treatment. Conclusion: Registered Nurses require education on pain management for people living with dementia in residential aged care. Broader issues in residential aged care contribute to the problem and require examination. Research pertaining to Registered Nurses' roles pain management for residents living with dementia is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Optimization of home care nurses in Canada: A scoping review.
- Author
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Ganann, Rebecca, Weeres, Annette, Lam, Annie, Chung, Harjit, and Valaitis, Ruta
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CINAHL database ,CONTINUUM of care ,HOME nursing ,WORKING hours ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,LEADERSHIP ,MEDICAL care use ,MEDICAL practice ,MEDLINE ,NURSES ,ONLINE information services ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,TECHNOLOGY ,EMPLOYEES' workload ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,LITERATURE reviews ,OCCUPATIONAL roles - Abstract
Nurses are among the largest providers of home care services thus optimisation of this workforce can positively influence client outcomes. This scoping review maps existing Canadian literature on factors influencing the optimisation of home care nurses (HCNs). Arskey and O'Malley's five stages for scoping literature reviews were followed. Populations of interest included Registered Nurses, Registered/Licensed Practical Nurses, Registered Nursing Assistants, Advanced Practice Nurses, Nurse Practitioners and Clinical Nurse Specialists. Interventions included any nurse(s), organisational and system interventions focused on optimising home care nursing. Papers were included if published between January 1, 2002 up to May 15, 2015. The review included 127 papers, including 94 studies, 16 descriptive papers, 6 position papers, 4 discussion papers, 3 policy papers, 2 literature reviews and 2 other. Optimisation factors were categorised under seven domains: Continuity of Care/Care; Staffing Mix and Staffing Levels; Professional Development; Quality Practice Environments; Intra‐professional and Inter‐professional and Inter‐sectoral Collaboration; Enhancing Scope of Practice: and, Appropriate Use of Technology. Fragmentation and underfunding of the home care sector and resultant service cuts negatively impact optimisation. Given the fiscal climate, optimising the existing workforce is essential to support effective and efficient care delivery models. Many factors are inter‐related and have synergistic impacts (e.g., recruitment and retention, compensation and benefits, professional development supports, staffing mix and levels, workload management and the use of technology). Quality practice environments facilitate optimal practice by maximixing human resources and supporting workforce stability. Role clarity and leadership supports foster more effective interprofessional team functioning that leverages expertise and enhances patient outcomes. Results inform employers, policy makers and relevant associations regarding barriers and enablers that influence the optimisation of home care nursing in nursing, intra‐ and inter‐professional and inter‐organisational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. An integrative review on the oncology nurse navigator role in the Canadian context.
- Author
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Katerenchuk, Jessica and Santos Salas, Anna
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ONCOLOGY nursing ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,NATIONAL competency-based educational tests ,CINAHL database ,SOCIAL support ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PATIENT-centered care ,CONTINUUM of care ,NURSE-patient relationships ,HEALTH literacy ,CANCER patients ,NURSES ,CLINICAL competence ,MEDLINE ,NEEDS assessment ,TRUST - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal is the property of Pappin Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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19. Barriers to research in palliative care: A systematic literature review.
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Blum, David, Inauen, Roman, Binswanger, Jacqueline, and Strasser, Florian
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CINAHL database ,CLINICAL medicine research ,ENDOWMENT of research ,HEALTH services accessibility ,INFORMATION retrieval ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDLINE ,PALLIATIVE treatment ,PRACTICAL politics ,RESEARCH funding ,RESEARCH ethics ,SURVEYS ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,RESEARCH personnel - Abstract
Introduction Research in palliative care (PC) is often regarded as challenging due to the vulnerability of the population and other peculiarities. We aim to systematically identify barriers to research in PC in the literature. Methods The electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE were searched for papers published in the last 25 years. Citations and then abstracts were screened for inclusion. Original papers were included on first-level analysis. On a second level reviews, reports, and position papers were analyzed. Papers containing a direct patient report were specifically analyzed. Barriers were categorized (ethical considerations, financial and time expenses, study design and methodology, human resources and politics) and results quantified. Results Twenty-one original papers and 65 other papers were included. Five studies involved patients directly, five were systematic reviews, three were study experiences, and seven were surveys or workshop reports. Most papers originated from UK, USA, or Norwegian Universities. Ethics and methods were the most often mentioned categories on both levels. Accrual, attrition, and gatekeeping were frequently named barriers. Complex invasive studies or possible side effects hinder patients' participation, as patients are often willing to participate for altruistic motivations. Discussion Barriers to PC research are ethical concerns and methodological challenges. Possible strategies to overcome methodological barriers include international collaborative efforts to include more patients and improve study designs. Ethical barriers indicate the need for patient involvement in the research development process and tailoring research specifically to the PC population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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20. Integration of social determinants of health information within the primary care electronic health record: a systematic review of patient perspectives and experiences.
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Caicedo, Nicolle Marianne Arroyave, Parry, Emma, Arslan, Nazan, and Park, Sophie
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CLINICAL medicine ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SELF-evaluation ,SOCIAL determinants of health ,HUMAN services programs ,FAMILY medicine ,RESEARCH funding ,ACADEMIC medical centers ,HEALTH ,PRIMARY health care ,CINAHL database ,INFORMATION resources ,EXPERIENCE ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,THEMATIC analysis ,MEDLINE ,ELECTRONIC health records ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,MEDICAL records ,ACQUISITION of data ,MEDICAL databases ,LITERATURE reviews ,PHYSICIAN-patient relations ,RESOURCE-limited settings ,MEDICAL screening ,PATIENTS' attitudes - Abstract
Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the non-medical factors that impact health. Although geographical measures of deprivation are used, individual measures of social risk could identify those most at risk and generate more personalised care and targeted referrals to community resources. We know SDOH are important to health care, but it is not yet known whether their collection via the electronic health record (EHR) is acceptable and useful from the patient perspective. Aim: To synthesise relevant literature to explore patient perspectives on integrating information about SDOH into primary care EHRs, and the opportunities and challenges of its implementation in a general practice setting. Design & setting: Systematic review of primary care-based qualitative and mixed-method studies using thematic framework analysis. Method: Key databases were searched for articles reporting patient perspectives of SDOH collection within the primary care EHR. Qualitative and mixed-methods studies written in English were included. A framework analysis was conducted to identify themes. Results: From 14 included studies, the following five main themes were identified: rationale for SDOH screening and the anticipated outcomes; impact of the provider-patient relationship on patient perceptions; data, which included privacy concerns; screening process and referral; and recommendations for future research. Conclusion: Integration of information on SDOH into the EHR appears acceptable to patients. This review has added to the discussion of whether and how to implement SDOH screening and referral programmes into UK primary care systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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21. Experiences of new tenure-track PhD-prepared faculty: a scoping review.
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Savard, Winnifred, Paul, Pauline, Raymond, Christy, Richter, Solina, and Olson, Joanne
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CINAHL database ,EMPLOYEE promotions ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,EMPLOYEE recruitment ,WORK-life balance ,NURSES ,DOCTOR of philosophy degree ,LITERATURE reviews ,THEMATIC analysis ,LIBRARIANS ,MEDLINE ,EMPLOYEE retention - Abstract
The purpose of this scoping review was to assess the state of the literature concerning the experiences of new PhD-prepared tenure-track faculty, with a keen interest in nursing faculty. Effective recruitment and retention strategies for new nursing academic faculty need to be found and implemented. A literature review based on Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework for scoping reviews was undertaken. Using the PRISMA protocol, a systematic literature search was conducted in seven databases of studies published in English. Based upon inclusion criteria and relevance, 13 studies out of 90 papers were included in this study. Themes identified from the studies were transitioning to academia, developing a research program, balancing work and life, and perceived inequity. The research was predominately American and Canadian based. Several gaps in the literature were identified. Further research is critical to make recommendations to key stakeholders for recruitment and retention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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22. Publication rate of presentation abstracts presented at the Canadian Health Libraries Association (CHLA/ABSC) annual meetings from 2004-2009.
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Shaw, Christine E. and Szwajcer, Andrea L.
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AWARDS ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,CINAHL database ,INFORMATION science ,MEDICAL librarians ,POSTERS ,SPECIAL libraries ,SYSTEMATIC reviews - Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the publication rate of Canadian health sciences librarians, post-conference presentation. Discover barriers that prevent librarians from taking conference presentation to full publication. Assess the metrics available to librarians for scholarly output measurement by examining metrics, traditional and altmetrics, of articles resulting from conference presentation.Design/methodology/approach A survey using FluidSurveys was distributed via e-mail to authors of poster and papers presentation presented at Canadian Health Libraries Association/Association des bibliothèques de la santé du Canada conferences from 2004 to 2009. A literature search for articles matching presentations in National Library of Medicine’s PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts was conducted to determine publication rate. Metrics of retrieved articles were gathered and analyzed to gage scholarly output of Canadian health sciences librarians.Findings A publication rate of 31.5 percent was determined by literature search. Time restriction was the most common reported reason for not publishing. The altmetric analysis included 71 articles, of which 52 percent had at least one value in various metrics, with Mendeley counts being the most common value represented.Research limitations/implications Not all survey respondents may be library science professionals, so that survey findings may not be generalizable to the Canadian health librarian profession. While every effort was made to find and confirm publications related to conference presentations, the reported publication rate may be either an over estimate or under estimate of the true rate. Current altmetric science is very dynamic and evolving.Originality/value This study provides a baseline publication rate, identifies barriers librarians face to publication and provides a glimpse into the state of metrics available to Canadian librarians for evaluation of their scholarly output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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23. Pandemic influenza: an evolutionary concept analysis.
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Devereaux, Alana
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PREVENTION of epidemics ,H1N1 influenza ,INFLUENZA epidemiology ,CINAHL database ,CONCEPTS ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,EMERGENCY management ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDLINE ,NURSES ,ONLINE information services ,RESEARCH funding ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,INFECTIOUS disease transmission ,PREVENTION - Abstract
Aim The aim of this paper was to provide a concept analysis of 'pandemic influenza'. Background Pandemic influenza can have a devastating impact as individuals have little to no immunity towards the newly encountered virus. It is a persistent societal threat due to the advancement of multiple technological processes. Nurses work in multiple roles in pandemics. As such, a thorough understanding of the concept and its implications from a nursing perspective is required. Design Rodgers' Evolutionary Method was used to conduct the concept analysis of the term 'pandemic influenza'. Data sources Forty-nine papers were examined from the disciplines of public health, medicine, law, bioethics and healthcare policy. Papers were found from the PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases all dates up to December 2013. Limits were set to include peer-reviewed, English language articles. Methods Identified papers were critically analyzed to explore the concept's antecedents, attributes and consequences. Surrogate and related terms, and an exemplar, were identified. Results Attributes of pandemic include original viral structure, increased human susceptibility, younger vulnerable populations and unpredictable time frames. Antecedents include processes that enable the increased geographical transmission of a newly created influenza. Consequences include higher morbidity and mortality rates and the need for an efficient pandemic response. Conclusions This analysis identified the attributes of pandemic influenza through a synthesis of the current pandemic literature. However, no articles were identified as specifically nursing in nature. Therefore, more research is required to examine the impact of a pandemic declaration on the nursing profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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24. Acceptability, Feasibility and Uptake of HPV Self-Sampling Among Immigrant Minority Women: a Focused Literature Review.
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Marshall, Sarah, Vahabi, Mandana, and Lofters, Aisha
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PAPILLOMAVIRUS disease diagnosis ,CERVIX uteri tumors ,TUMOR prevention ,CINAHL database ,COST control ,CULTURE ,PSYCHOLOGY of immigrants ,ISLAM ,MEDLINE ,PSYCHOLOGY of Minorities ,ONLINE information services ,PAP test ,PAPILLOMAVIRUSES ,HEALTH self-care ,WOMEN'S health ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,COMMUNICATION barriers ,EARLY detection of cancer - Abstract
This review uncovers the extent to which immigrant and minority women find HPV self-sampling an acceptable and feasible alternative to PAP testing for screening for cervical cancer. A focused literature review was conducted using CINAHL, Medline, Proquest and Pubmed databases to search for content relating to acceptability or feasibility of HPV self-testing for immigrant populations or minorities. 575 prospective relevant papers were included in the final analysis and 28 selected using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. HPV self-sampling was found to be acceptable and feasible among immigrant and minority women. Participants studied indicated the importance of providing in-depth educational documents, diagrams, illustrations and supplementary resources in future HPV self-sampling studies. HPV self-sampling has the potential to significantly increase cervical cancer screening participation rates amongst immigrant and minority women. Future research studies should incorporate methods to increase the efficacy and acceptability of HPV self-testing amongst immigrant and minority women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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25. Abuse and smoking cessation in clinical practice.
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Smith, Patricia M, Spadoni, Michelle M, and Proper, Veronica M
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PREVENTION of family violence ,ABUSED women ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,CHILD abuse ,CINAHL database ,COUNSELING ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) ,DOMESTIC violence ,MEDICAL databases ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL protocols ,MEDICAL screening ,MEDLINE ,ONLINE information services ,PSYCHIATRIC nursing ,RESEARCH funding ,SMOKING ,SMOKING cessation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PILOT projects ,DISEASE prevalence - Abstract
Aims and objectives. This discursive paper explores issues of abuse during smoking cessation counselling. Background. During a training session for a smoking cessation intervention pilot study, nurses expressed concerns about issues of abuse that had previously surfaced during cessation counselling in their practice. Abused women are more likely to smoke. As guidelines recommend integrating cessation interventions into practice, issues of abuse are likely to surface. Methods. A literature review and synthesis of abuse and smoking cessation was undertaken to arrive at recommendations for practice. Results. There are a few suggestions about how to manage abuse within cessation counselling, but none have been studied: (1) integrate stress-management strategies, (2) assess for abuse, (3) provide separate interventions for partners to create a safe environment, and (4) develop interventions that consider the relationship couples have with tobacco. However, coping strategies alone do not address abuse, screening without treatment is not helpful, and partner interventions assume both partners are open to quitting/counselling. In contrast, as with all clinical practice, abuse and cessation would be considered separate but intertwined problems, and following best practice guidelines for abuse would provide the guidance on how to proceed. After care has been taken to address abuse, it is the patient's decision whether to continue with cessation counselling. Conclusion. Guidelines addresses both care planning and the ethical/legal issues associated with the disclosure of abuse and provide a practical tool for addressing abuse that obviates the need to tailor cessation interventions to abuse. Relevance to clinical practice. This paper clarifies a relationship between smoking and abuse and the subsequent implications for smoking cessation interventions and highlights the importance of addressing abuse and smoking cessation separately, even though they are interrelated problems. It provides nurses with appropriate initial responses when abuse is disclosed during an unexpected encounter such as during a smoking cessation intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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26. Occupation-based practices and homelessness: A scoping review.
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Roy, Laurence, Vallée, Catherine, Kirsh, Bonnie H., Marshall, Carrie Anne, Marval, Rebecca, and Low, Alissa
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CINAHL database ,CONTENT analysis ,EMPLOYMENT ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) ,HOMELESSNESS ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDLINE ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,TRANSCULTURAL medical care ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,QUALITATIVE research ,CULTURAL identity ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background. Persons experiencing or at risk of homelessness have occupational needs that are seldom addressed in the Canadian system of care. The lack of documented evidence on occupational therapy practices in this field hinders the development of the profession. Purpose. This article identifies current and potential practices that aim to enable or support the occupations of persons experiencing or at risk of homelessness. Method. A scoping review was conducted, including evidence from both occupational therapy and non–occupational therapy sources. Findings. One hundred and seventy-eight papers were selected in the areas of occupational performance skills training, enrichment of occupational repertoire, employment/education, physical rehabilitation services, child/family services, community building, occupational transition from homeless to housed, literacy, and disaster relief. Implications. Occupational therapists can build environments and create opportunities that facilitate occupational engagement of individuals experiencing homelessness. Gaps in knowledge include the evaluation of occupational therapy practices, the Canadian context of family homelessness, and the cultural safety of occupational therapy interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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27. Waitlist management in child and adolescent mental health care: A scoping review.
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Eichstedt, Julie A., Turcotte, Kara, Golden, Grace, Arbuthnott, Alexis E., Chen, Samantha, Collins, Kerry A., Mowat, Stephanie, and Reid, Graham J.
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- *
HEALTH services accessibility , *MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems , *OUTPATIENT services in hospitals , *MENTAL health services , *CHILD health services , *CINAHL database , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *MEDLINE , *LITERATURE reviews , *ONLINE information services , *COMPARATIVE studies , *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL care for teenagers - Abstract
• Many mental health disorders first emerge during early childhood or adolescence. • Wait times for children's mental health services have been an international and widespread problem. • Long wait times prolong the emotional distress of children and/or adolescents and their caregivers which can exacerbate mental health difficulties. • The majority of research in this area has been conducted in the United Kingdom and Canada and focus on one waitlist strategy. • Common strategies include alternative service delivery models, increasing system capacity, and improving intake and assessment processes. Background: Although many mental health disorders first emerge during early childhood or adolescence, there is a significant gap between demand and availability of mental health resources, leading to long waitlists for services. Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to identify and characterize the research literature related to the range of waitlist management strategies that have been implemented in outpatient child and adolescent mental health care. Methods: Electronic databases reviewed included: Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PubMed, PsychINFO, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and ISI Web of Science. Grey literature databases included: OpenGrey, Conference Papers Index, and Proquest Digital Dissertations. Articles were screened by two reviewers in two steps: first by title and abstract, then full text level. Data were extracted using an a-priori developed data extraction framework, which was piloted and modified iteratively. Results: A total of 119 papers related to waitlist interventions in child and adolescent mental health were reviewed. Of these 119 papers, 11% were reviews, summary, or theoretical papers; 8% used a randomized control trial design and 2.5% were trial protocols. Most studies used less rigorous designs, such as uncontrolled before-and- after designs. The large majority focused on just one waitlist strategy each. The most commonly used approaches included: prioritization/triage and initial assessment; brief consultation and advice or brief therapy approaches; group-based models; interim services; increasing capacity; and strategies to decrease non-attendance. Most studies were conducted in the United Kingdom or Canada. Discussion: While mental health systems are complex, most studies examining waitlist initiatives explored the implementation of single initiatives. It is unlikely that a single waitlist strategy can be effective in managing wait times for children's mental health. Rather, consistent and systemic approaches to address wait times that consider the impact of the reduction approach on the patient, the program, and the community are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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28. Social isolation and loneliness among immigrant and refugee seniors in Canada: a scoping review.
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Johnson, Shanthi, Bacsu, Juanita, McIntosh, Tom, Jeffery, Bonnie, and Novik, Nuelle
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CINAHL database ,DEPENDENCY (Psychology) ,PSYCHOLOGY of immigrants ,MEDICAL databases ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,LONELINESS ,LOSS (Psychology) ,MEDLINE ,ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY of refugees ,SOCIAL isolation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,FAMILY conflict ,HOME environment ,LITERATURE reviews ,SOCIAL support ,PSYCHOLOGICAL factors - Abstract
Purpose: Social isolation and loneliness are global issues experienced by many seniors, especially immigrant and refugee seniors. Guided by the five-stage methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and more recently Levac, Colquhoun and O'Brien, the purpose of this paper is to explore the existing literature on social isolation and loneliness among immigrant and refugee seniors in Canada. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conducted a literature search of several databases including: PubMed; MEDLINE; CINAHL; Web of Science; HealthStar Ovid; PschyInfo Ovid; Social Services Abstracts; AgeLine; Public Health Database, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. In total, 17 articles met the inclusion criteria. Findings: Based on the current literature five themes related to social isolation and loneliness emerged: loss; living arrangements; dependency; barriers and challenges; and family conflict. Research limitations/implications: Given the increasing demographic of aging immigrants in Canada, it is useful to highlight existing knowledge on social isolation and loneliness to facilitate research, policy and programs to support this growing population. Practical implications: The population is aging around the world and it is also becoming increasingly diverse particularly in the high-income country context. Understanding and addressing social isolation is important for immigrant and refugee seniors, given the sociocultural and other differences. Social implications: Social isolation is a waste of human resource and value created by seniors in the communities. Originality/value: The paper makes a unique contribution by focusing on immigrant and refugee seniors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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29. Differences in Breast Cancer Presentation at Time of Diagnosis for Black and White Women in High Resource Settings.
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Osei-Twum, Jo-Ann, Gedleh, Sahra, Lofters, Aisha, and Nnorom, Onye
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CINAHL database ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,BLACK people ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,EARLY detection of cancer ,DEMOGRAPHY ,WHITE people ,MEDLINE ,BREAST tumors ,WOMEN'S health - Abstract
This paper provides a narrative review of the existing literature on differences in demographic and biological features of breast cancer at time of diagnosis between Black and White women in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. Electronic database searches for published peer-reviewed articles on this topic were conducted, and 78 articles were included in the final narrative review. Differences between Black and White women were compared for eight categories including age, tumour stage, size, grade, lymph node involvement, and hormone status. Black women were significantly more likely to present with less favourable tumour features at the time of diagnosis than White women. Significant differences were reported in age at diagnosis, tumour stage, size, grade and hormone status, particularly triple negative breast cancer. Limitations on the generalizability of the review findings are discussed, as well as the implications of these findings on future research, especially within the Canadian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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30. A psychometric systematic review of self-report instruments to identify anxiety in pregnancy.
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Evans, Kerry, Spiby, Helen, and Morrell, C. Jane
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CINAHL database ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,EVALUATION of medical care ,MEDLINE ,PRENATAL care ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH evaluation ,RESEARCH funding ,SELF-evaluation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,ANXIETY disorders ,CROSS-sectional method ,PREGNANCY ,DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Aims To report a systematic review of the psychometric properties of self-report instruments to identify the symptoms of anxiety in pregnancy to help clinicians and researchers select the most suitable instrument. Background Excessive anxiety in pregnancy is associated with adverse birth outcomes, developmental and behavioural problems in infants and postnatal depression. Despite recommendations for routine psychological assessment in pregnancy, the optimal methods to identify anxiety in pregnancy have not been confirmed. Design Psychometric systematic review. Data sources A systematic literature search of the multiple databases (1990-September 2014). Review methods Identification of self-report instruments to measure anxiety in pregnancy using COSMIN guidelines to assess studies reporting a psychometric evaluation of validity and reliability. Results Thirty-two studies were included. Studies took place in the UK, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Italy, Scandinavia, Spain and the Netherlands. Seventeen different instruments were identified. Measures of validity were reported in 19 papers and reliability in 16. The overall quality of the papers was rated as fair to excellent using the COSMIN checklist. Only one paper scored excellent in more than one category. Conclusion Many instruments have been adapted for use in different populations to those for which they were designed. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale have been tested more frequently than other instruments, yet require further assessment to confirm their value for use in pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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31. How Sedentary are Older People? A Systematic Review of the Amount of Sedentary Behavior.
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Harvey, Juliet A., Chastin, Sebastien F.M., and Skelton, Dawn A.
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AGING ,CINAHL database ,HEALTH behavior ,LEISURE ,MEDLINE ,META-analysis ,SELF-evaluation ,TIME ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,ACCELEROMETRY ,SEDENTARY lifestyles ,PHYSICAL activity ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,AMED (Information retrieval system) - Abstract
Background/objectives: Sedentary behavior (SB), defined as sitting (nonexercising), reclining, and lying down (posture), or by low energy expenditure, is a public health risk independent to physical activity. The objective of this systematic literature review was to synthesize the available evidence on amount of SB reported by and measured in older adults. Data source: Studies published between 1981 and 2014 were identified from electronic databases and manual searching. Large-scale population studies/surveys reporting the amount of SB (objective/ subjective) in older adults aged ≥ 60 years of age were included. Appraisal and synthesis was completed using MOOSE guidelines. Results: 349,698 adults aged ≥ 60 within 22 studies (10 countries and 1 EU-wide) were included. Objective measurement of SB shows that older adults spend an average of 9.4 hr a day sedentary, equating to 65-80% of their waking day. Self-report of SB is lower, with average weighted self-reports being 5.3 hr daily. Within specific domains of SB, older adults report 3.3 hr in leisure sitting time and 3.3 hr watching TV. There is an association with more time spent in SB as age advances and a trend for older men to spend more time in SB than women. Conclusion/ implications: Time spent sedentary ranges from 5.3-9.4 hr per waking day in older adults. With recent studies suggesting a link between SB, health, and well-being, independent of physical activity, this is an area important for successful aging. Limitations: Different methodologies of measurement and different reporting methods of SB made synthesis difficult. Estimated SB time from self-report is half of that measured objectively; suggesting that most self-report surveys of SB will vastly underestimate the actual time spent in SB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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32. Understanding elder abuse and neglect in aging Chinese immigrants in Canada.
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Lai, Daniel W. L., Daoust, Gabrielle D., and Lun Li
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ABUSE of older people ,CHINESE people ,IMMIGRANTS ,DEMOGRAPHY ,ETHNIC groups ,CINAHL database ,CULTURE ,DATABASE searching ,MEDLINE ,INTIMATE partner violence - Abstract
Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss existing literature and available research findings related to understanding elder abuse and neglect in culturally diverse communities, particularly the Chinese immigrant community in Canada. The conceptual understandings of elder abuse are examined, based upon the socio-cultural context and challenges faced by aging Chinese immigrants. Design/methodology/approach -- Previous literature and research publications related to elder abuse and neglect related to Chinese in Canada were reviewed and synthesized. Statistical information and research findings were summarized to illustrate the socio-cultural context that defines elder abuse and neglect experienced by aging Chinese immigrants in Canada. Findings -- From a culturally diverse perspective, influence of race, ethnicity, immigrant status, and cultural norms on the recognition, identification, prevention and intervention of elder abuse and neglect are important to consider. A key message for professionals working with the aging population, particularly older immigrants from ethno-cultural minority background, is that understanding the social cultural context in which elder abuse or neglect emerges is critical. For many of the aging Chinese immigrants in Canada, the socio-cultural circumstances that they have experienced, their social environment, and various barriers and challenges further prevent them from being aware of this emerging concern. Cultural norms and practices have played a critical role in their access to preventive and intervention services. Research limitations/implications -- Although this paper is not based upon a particularly empirical research study, the research and literature synthesized are both empirically and conceptually based. As indicated in the review of previous research publications on the subjectivematter of elder abuse and neglect in aging Chinese immigrants in Canada is limited. Research on various issues related to elder abuse and neglect in ethno-culturalminority communities is also relatively scant. Evaluation research on prevention and intervention programs is desperately needed so as to facilitate the further establishment of best practice prevention and intervention models that are culturally appropriate and effective. While research engagement with minority groups such as the aging Chinese immigrants who do not speak English or are not familiar with the research culture in the western civilization could be challenging, academic researchers and service providers in both the main stream and ethno-cultural minority communities should further align themselves in practice-research partnership endeavors to ensure the safety and wellbeing of the aging vulnerable individuals could be better maintained. Practical implications -- In order to provide culturally competent services, service providers should be aware of cultural differences in attitudes towards elder mistreatment, including the ways in which specific types of abuse (e.g. financial abuse) are defined within ethno-cultural communities, and the cultural values and experiences that shape these understandings and determine attitudes or barriers towards reporting, intervention, and service use. Originality/value -- This paper is a first attempt in the research community to synthesize a few critical issues related to elder abuse and neglect in the aging Chinese immigrant community in Canada. The paper has connected previous empirical findings related to Chinese older adults as well as other culturally diverse aging populations to the conceptualization of elder abuse and neglect by considering the unique socio-cultural context faced by the ethnocultural older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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33. Breast cancer in younger women from diverse cultural backgrounds.
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Reidy, Mary and Denieffe, Suzanne
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BREAST tumor diagnosis ,BREAST tumor treatment ,BREAST tumors ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,CINAHL database ,DECISION making ,DISEASES ,EXPERIENCE ,GROUNDED theory ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,MEDLINE ,PATIENTS ,CULTURAL pluralism ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,HUMAN sexuality ,STATISTICS ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,QUALITATIVE research ,DATA analysis ,SYMPTOMS ,META-synthesis ,CANCER & psychology - Abstract
Research identifies unique challenges for younger women diagnosed with breast cancer at or before 45 years of age. This paper explores the experiences of younger women from diverse cultural backgrounds with breast cancer to see if there are differing healthcare provision needs across cultures. Sandelowski and Barroso's framework for undertaking a meta-synthesis is used in this paper. Initial searches in academic databases returned 42 papers of interest. Re-reading the papers in the context of the research question identified 12 studies which met the inclusion criteria. Five key themes were identified in these 12 studies. The overarching finding is that, irrespective of cultural background, the confrontation with breast cancer transforms the younger woman's life. It seems that healthcare provision needs do not differ substantially across cultures. Health professionals should address the unique psychosocial effects of cancer in the context of the lifestage of the woman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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34. Improving cultural competence of healthcare workers in First Nations communities: a narrative review of implemented educational interventions in 2015–20.
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Rissel, Chris, Liddle, Lynette, Ryder, Courtney, Wilson, Annabelle, Richards, Barbara, and Bower, Madeleine
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EVALUATION of medical care ,CULTURAL identity ,MEDICAL databases ,CINAHL database ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,PROFESSIONS ,CONFIDENCE ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,ATTITUDES of medical personnel ,MEDICAL personnel ,COMMUNITIES ,TRANSCULTURAL medical care ,CULTURAL competence ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,PATIENT education ,MEDLINE ,MEDICAL care of indigenous peoples ,WORLD Wide Web - Abstract
Background: Cultural competency is often promoted as a strategy to address health inequities; however, there is little evidence linking cultural competency with improved patient outcomes. This article describes the characteristics of recent educational interventions designed to improve cultural competency in healthcare workers for First Nations peoples of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the USA. Methods: In total, 13 electronic databases and 14 websites for the period from January 2015 to May 2021 were searched. Information on the characteristics and methodological quality of included studies was extracted using standardised assessment tools. Results: Thirteen published evaluations were identified; 10 for Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The main positive outcomes reported were improvements in health professionals' attitudes and knowledge, and improved confidence in working with First Nations patients. The methodological quality of evaluations and the reporting of methodological criteria were moderate. Conclusions: Cultural competency education programs can improve knowledge, attitudes and confidence of healthcare workers to improve the health of First Nations peoples. Providing culturally safe health care should be routine practice, particularly in places where there are concentrations of First Nations peoples, yet there is relatively little research in this area. There remains limited evidence of the effectiveness of cultural education programs alone on community or patient outcomes. Cultural competency is often promoted as a strategy to address health inequities, although evidence linking cultural competency to patient outcomes is scarce. We conducted a narrative review of the recent literature on cultural education programs and found 13 published evaluations, mainly reporting improvements in health professionals' attitudes and knowledge, and improved confidence in working with First Nations patients. Although cultural education has a positive short-term impact, none of the studies included measured improved patient health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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35. Older people's views in relation to risk of falling and need for intervention: a meta-ethnography.
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McInnes, Elizabeth, Seers, Kate, and Tutton, Liz
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ACCIDENTAL fall prevention ,RISK factors of falling down ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,ELDER care ,AGING ,ANALYSIS of variance ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,BEHAVIOR modification ,CINAHL database ,HEALTH behavior ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,LIFE skills ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDLINE ,META-analysis ,PATIENTS ,HEALTH self-care ,SELF-efficacy ,ETHNOLOGY research ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,QUALITATIVE research ,ACTIVITIES of daily living ,THEMATIC analysis ,OLD age - Abstract
mcinnes e., seers k. & tutton l. (2011) Older people's views in relation to risk of falling and need for intervention: a meta-ethnography. Journal of Advanced Nursing 67(12), 2525-2536. Abstract Aim. This paper is a report of a meta-ethnography of qualitative studies of older peoples' views on risk of falling and need for intervention. Background. Falls and falls-related injuries in older people are worldwide problems. A conceptual understanding of older people's views about falls risk and need for intervention is useful for understanding factors likely to impact on acceptance of risk and recommended interventions. Data Sources. Seven electronic databases were searched 1999-2009. Reference lists of included articles were screened for eligible papers. Review Methods. Assessment of quality was carried out. Themes and concepts were extracted using a meta-ethnographic approach to compare similarities and differences across the retrieved studies. A line of argument was developed to produce an explanatory framework of the extracted themes and concepts. Results. Eleven relevant qualitative research articles of reasonable quality were identified. Six key concepts were identified: beyond personal control; rationalizing; salience; life-change and identity; taking control and self-management. A line of argument synthesis describes how older people approach self-appraisal of falls risk and intervention need, and how they cope and adapt to falls risk and intervention need. Conclusion. In response to having an elevated risk status and perceived associations with frailty and impact on an independent life-style, some prefer to adapt to this reality by taking control and implementing self-management strategies. Healthcare professionals should take into account beliefs about risk and negotiate choices for intervention, recognizing that some individuals prefer to drive the decision-making process to preserve identity as a competent and independent person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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36. Sit‐to‐stand activity to improve mobility in older people: A scoping review.
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Duarte Wisnesky, Uirá, Olson, Joanne, Paul, Pauline, Dahlke, Sherry, Slaughter, Susan E., and Figueiredo Lopes, Vinicius
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CINAHL database ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,LIFE skills ,MEDLINE ,PROFESSIONS ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,EVIDENCE-based medicine ,LITERATURE reviews ,BODY movement ,PHYSICAL activity ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Aims and objectives: To identify the current state of knowledge about the use of the sit‐to‐stand intervention with older people and to identify implications for further research. Background: Many older people experience mobility challenges which can negatively affect their well‐being. Physical activities are vital to improving or maintaining mobility. Although there is evidence that mobility challenged older people benefit from the sit‐to‐stand intervention, there is a need to systematically examine the state of knowledge about this intervention. Design: Scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework. Methods: A systematic search of three databases was completed. Abstracts were evaluated for relevance using predetermined inclusion criteria. Studies that met the inclusion criteria had data extracted and were appraised for internal and external validity. Narrative synthesis was based on methods described by Popay and colleagues. Results: Of 3,041 papers, six studies met the inclusion criteria. Publications provided a range of sit‐to‐stand interventions with durations varying from four weeks to six months. The frequency of each intervention fluctuated from three to seven times/week with a duration of 15–45 min. Different professionals prompted the activity. Three themes were identified the following: (a) sit‐to‐stand activity as an intervention; (b) generalisability of findings; and (c) sustainability. Conclusions: Most of the studies reviewed indicated improvements in performance of the sit‐to‐stand activity and in motor function. However, issues with studies rigour do not allow us to make generalisations. Further research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of the intervention. Implications for practice: Healthcare providers are expected to offer evidence‐based patient care. This review details current knowledge about the sit‐to‐stand intervention with older people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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37. Understanding health information exchange processes within Canadian long‐term care: A scoping review.
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Cotton, Kendra, Booth, Richard G., McMurray, Josephine, and Treesh, Rianne
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CINAHL database ,MEDICAL quality control ,ELECTRONIC data interchange ,MANAGEMENT of medical records ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PATIENT-centered care ,ACCESS to information ,COMMUNICATION ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE ,ELECTRONIC health records ,LONG-term health care ,INFORMATION technology - Abstract
Background: Providing supportive care to long‐term care residents with complex medical conditions generates substantial amounts of health information. This information must be documented, shared and acted upon by the various care providers within the circle of care. Objectives: The purpose of this scoping review is to describe the current digital health information exchange (HIE) processes used within Canadian long‐term care facilities (LTCFs). Methods: The scoping review followed Arksey and O′Malley's approach to the methodology. Electronic databases (e.g. CINAHL, MEDLINE and SCOPUS) were searched between 2010 and 2020 using terms including 'health information exchange', 'communication' and 'health information technology'. Articles were included if they were Canadian‐based and relevant to our definition of health information exchange. Results: The search yielded 2091 citations for title and abstract screening; 78 citations were selected for independent full‐text review, 42 of those met study criteria. The findings revealed gaps between the expectations of HIE for quality health care and the realities of HIE processes that impact the provision of care in long‐term care. Conclusions: We conclude that increased provider engagement and effective use of HIE processes is recommended to improve the safety and quality of health care in the long‐term care sector. Implications for Practice: HIE implementation should be preceded a review of various aspects of workflow to identify information gaps and inefficiencies that can be addressed by digitization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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38. Quantifying Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Adults with Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review of Assessment Methodologies.
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Firkin, Cora J., Obrusnikova, Iva, and Koch, Laura C.
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BEHAVIORAL assessment ,MEDICAL protocols ,SEDENTARY lifestyles ,FUNCTIONAL assessment ,CINAHL database ,WEARABLE technology ,INTELLECTUAL disabilities ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDICAL databases ,ONLINE information services ,CALIBRATION ,PATIENT monitoring ,PHYSICAL activity ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,ADULTS - Abstract
Background/Objectives: Methodologies for assessing behavior form the foundation of health promotion and disease prevention. Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) assessment methodologies have predominantly been developed for adults without an intellectual disability (ID), raising credibility concerns for adults with ID. The purpose was to synthesize the current state of assessment methodologies for quantifying PA and SB volume in the free-living setting for adults with an ID. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, eleven databases were searched through December 2023, yielding 8174 records. Data were extracted in Covidence (v.2.0), obtaining quantified PA and SB volume and assessment methodology characteristics across data collection and analysis, including tool(s) and technique(s) used, preparatory actions taken, instructions provided, and behavioral strategies employed during data collection. Results: Of the 8174 articles screened, 91 met the inclusion criteria. Common metrics included minutes/hours per day/week and steps per day/week. Despite 80% of the studies using objective techniques, substantial variation existed across studies regarding wearable models, sampling frequency and epoch length settings, calibration protocols, wearable placements, and data processing techniques. Limited studies provided instructions that did not exclusively rely on spoken language. Behavioral strategies varied, including self-monitoring, providing assistance or supervision, administering questionnaires verbally, issuing reminders, and offering monetary incentives. Conclusions: This review underscores the need for greater consistency and accessibility in PA and SB assessment methodology for adults with ID. Tailored preparation, instruction, and behavioral strategies may enhance assessment viability and suitability for adults with ID, with or without caregiver or researcher involvement in the free-living setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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39. Scoping review on mental health standards for Black youth: identifying gaps and promoting equity in community, primary care, and educational settings.
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Martínez-Vega, Ruth, Maduforo, Aloysius Nwabugo, Renzaho, Andre, Alaazi, Dominic A., Dordunoo, Dzifa, Tunde-Byass, Modupe, Unachukwu, Olutoyosi, Atilola, Victoria, Boatswain-Kyte, Alicia, Maina, Geoffrey, Hamilton-Hinch, Barbara-Ann, Massaquoi, Notisha, Salami, Azeez, and Salami, Oluwabukola
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TREATMENT of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ,MENTAL illness treatment ,TREATMENT of autism ,MEDICAL care standards ,HEALTH services accessibility ,CULTURAL awareness ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,MENTAL health services ,DIVERSITY & inclusion policies ,INSTITUTIONAL racism ,RESEARCH funding ,PRIMARY health care ,CINAHL database ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,PSYCHOLOGY of Black people ,LITERATURE reviews ,HEALTH equity ,ONLINE information services ,DATA analysis software ,ASPERGER'S syndrome ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,RACIAL inequality ,MENTAL depression ,ADOLESCENCE ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Background: Youth mental health is a growing concern in research, practice, and policy. Practice standards, guidelines, or strategies provide an invisible infrastructure that fosters equity, quality, and safety, potentially addressing inconsistencies and more effectively attending to the mental wellness of Black youth as a particular population of concern. This scoping review aimed to address the following question: What standards exist for the delivery of mental health services to Black youth in community, primary care, and educational settings? Due to a limited initial search yield on publications about standards for the delivery of mental health services for Black youth population, our goal was then to identify and map mental health standards, recommendations, or guidelines for the delivery of mental health services using the same settings to all youth. Methods: Searches were conducted in various databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, SocINDEX, CINAHL, Gender Studies Database, Social Services Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Screening was independently conducted by two reviewers, with disagreements resolved by a third. Information extraction was performed by two independent reviewers. Results: Out of the 2,701 screened publications, 54 were included in this scoping review. Among them, 38.9% were published between 2020 and 2023, with 40.7% originating from the United States of America, 20.4% from the United Kingdom, and 13% from Canada. Concerning the settings, 25.9% of the publications focused on primary care, 24.1% on health care services, 20.4% on educational settings, and 3.7% on the community. Additionally, 25.9% were classified as general because recommendations were applicable to various settings. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (11.1%) was the most frequently considered specific condition, followed by autism spectrum disorder (9.3%) and depression (9.3%). However, 31.5% of the included references addressed mental health in general. Only three references provided specific recommendations for the Black population. Conclusions: Recommendations, guidelines, or standards for Black youth mental health services in community, primary care, or educational settings are scarce and limited to North American countries. This scoping review emphasizes the need to consider ethnicity when developing guidelines or standards to improve racial equity and reduce disparities in access to mental health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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40. Women's Empowerment and Mental Health: A Scoping Review.
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Bandara, Nilanga Aki, Al-Anzi, Shams M. F., Zhdanova, Angelina, and Hirani, Saima
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READING ,MENTAL health ,SELF-efficacy ,CINAHL database ,PSYCHOLOGY of women ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,EMOTIONS ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,THEMATIC analysis ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDICAL databases ,SOCIAL support ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems - Abstract
Women have unique experiences with mental health challenges that require relevant strategies and interventions that effectively support their mental health. Empowerment interventions that vary in nature and format have the potential to play a key role in supporting women's mental health. The purpose of this scoping review is to outline empowerment interventions targeting improvement in the mental health of women living in Canada.A search was undertaken using major databases including Medline, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between 2013 and 2023. A total of 243 articles were identified, from which 12 were ultimately included in this review. All included studies were conducted in Canada but were diverse in design, setting, and sample size. A total of four types of interventions were identified including mental health and emotional awareness, reading, peer support, and skill building and engagement. The findings of the review inform key insights for mental health care and service providers to focus on sustainable outcomes for women's mental health. The findings also guide the need for a systematic review to appraise the existing empowerment interventions for women's mental health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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41. Communication Challenges for People with Chronic Aphasia: A Systematic Qualitative Review of Barriers and Facilitators in Local Services.
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Poirier, Sarah-Ève, Voyer, Laurie-Anne, Poulin, Valérie, Lamontagne, Marie-Eve, and Monetta, Laura
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CHRONIC disease treatment ,RESEARCH funding ,SHOPPING ,CINAHL database ,CONTENT analysis ,APHASIA ,FOOD service ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,COMMUNICATION ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) - Abstract
Aphasia is an acquired communication disorder caused by a cerebral lesion, such as a stroke. People with aphasia can experience various difficulties that may involve speaking, listening, reading, or writing. These difficulties have multiple impacts on their expression of their needs, interests, and opinions. Accordingly, people with aphasia often encounter barriers and facilitators when using local services, which reduces their participation. For instance, grocery shopping or going to a coffee house can be challenging for them. Hence, this systematic review was conducted to synthetize the barriers and facilitators for people with aphasia when using local services. Following the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research guidelines, five databases and Google Scholar were searched for the literature published through April 2024. A total of nine studies were included in the present work. The results highlight that most of the barriers to communicational access to local services are environmental ones related to other people or society. A few environmental facilitators were mentioned, but these were mainly a reflection of the barriers. Personal facilitators were noted, but people with aphasia said that they were insufficient for counterbalancing environmental barriers. The results highlight the need to raise awareness of aphasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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42. Indigenous Autism in Canada: A Scoping Review.
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Bruno, Grant, Chan, Titus A, Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Coombs, Emily, and Nicholas, David
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HEALTH attitudes ,GREY literature ,RESEARCH funding ,AUTISM ,CINAHL database ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,MEDICAL literature ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDICAL research ,ASPERGER'S syndrome ,ABORIGINAL Canadians ,ONLINE information services ,MEDICAL needs assessment ,QUALITY assurance ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems - Abstract
Currently there is a severe lack of research on autism and Indigenous people in Canada. This scoping review explores this literature gap and assesses the same literature from an Indigenous perspective. Scoping reviews are an effective means to explore the literature in a specific area, in this case, autism and Indigenous people in Canada. We explored existing literature as it pertains to Indigenous populations and autism in Canada. To support this review, the Indigenous Quality Assessment Tool (QAT) was adapted to appraise the quality of literature. In total, there were a total of 212 articles identified of which 24 met the inclusion criteria: (1) some focus on autism, (2) a component specific to Indigenous people, and (3) specific to Canada. Of the 24 articles and reports, 15 were peer-reviewed and the rest considered grey literature. Most articles focused on program delivery with some literature using primary data (quantitative and/or qualitative). Overall, the quality of the research was appraised as poor, as determined by the QAT. Findings reaffirm the critical need for research that addresses autism in Indigenous communities within Canada and show the importance of having research done in full partnership with, or led by, Indigenous people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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43. Immigration Status as the Foundational Determinant of Health for People Without Status in Canada: A Scoping Review.
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Gagnon, Monica, Kansal, Nisha, Goel, Ritika, and Gastaldo, Denise
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PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,CINAHL database ,HEALTH services accessibility ,SOCIAL determinants of health ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDICAL care costs ,SOCIAL isolation ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,UNDOCUMENTED immigrants ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,DEPORTATION ,LITERATURE reviews ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,THEMATIC analysis ,MEDLINE ,CITIZENSHIP - Abstract
Migration is increasing at unprecedented rates worldwide, but inadequate mechanisms for granting citizenship or permanent residence have rendered many immigrants without legal status. We study the health of people without immigration status in Canada, building on a 2010 review on being without status and health. We employ an expanded definition of health, guided by the WHO Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) framework. Using a scoping review methodology, we reviewed literature from 2008 to 2018 on the SDoH of people without legal immigration status in Canada, selecting 33 articles for analysis. We found that structural determinants of health, such as stigmatization and criminalization, and intermediary determinants, such as fear of deportation and healthcare avoidance, produce ill health. We show how different social positions are produced by SDoH, finding immigration status to be the foundational determinant of health for people without status in Canada. We argue that lack of immigration status as a SDoH is missing from the WHO framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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44. Exploring the transition experiences of students entering into preregistration nursing degree programs with previous professional nursing qualifications: an integrative review.
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Tower, Marion, Cooke, Marie, Watson, Bernadette, Buys, Nick, and Wilson, Keithia
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RESEARCH evaluation ,CINAHL database ,COLLEGE students ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) ,MEDLINE ,NURSES ,NURSING students ,PRACTICAL nurses ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,SEARCH engines ,THEMATIC analysis ,DIPLOMAS (Education) ,BACCALAUREATE nursing education - Abstract
Aims and objectives This paper aims to investigate the transition experiences of students with previous nursing qualifications (nondegree qualifications) entering a nursing degree program. Background Nurses with professional nursing qualifications (nondegree) are an important pool of professionals to draw on to help address nursing shortages through providing alternative pathways to becoming registered nurses. However, research suggests this cohort need higher levels of support and intervention to be successful. Design An integrative review was conducted, guided by Whittemore and Knafl's framework. A comprehensive search was conducted and 14 studies were included in the review. Methods A five-stage approach was used to conduct the review: problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis and presentation of results. Constant comparative analysis was used to identify commonalities, differences and themes in the relevant literature. Results Themes emerged that suggested students struggled with academic and institutional challenges, becoming learners, managing conflicting demands of outside life, developing a student identity and experienced threat to their sense of professional identity. Additionally, the cohort did not view themselves as 'the same' as traditional students. Holland's framework provides a useful framework from which to conceptualise these students' experiences. Conclusion There are challenges for this cohort of students as they transition into degree level study. Supportive activities that extend and further develop students' personality orientations may be a useful starting point in addressing some of the challenges and providing a more positive transition to university. Relevance to clinical practice The demand for health care is growing and there remains a shortfall of registered nurses. Nurses with professional qualifications (nondegree) are an important pool of professionals from which to increase registered nurse numbers and address workforce sustainability issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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45. The role of unregulated care providers in Canada—A scoping review.
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Afzal, Arsalan, Stolee, Paul, Sanyal, Chiranjeev, Heckman, George A., and Boscart, Veronique M.
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ELDER care ,CINAHL database ,DECISION making ,INTEGRATED health care delivery ,LONG-term health care ,OCCUPATIONAL achievement ,MEDICAL quality control ,MEDLINE ,PATIENT psychology ,PATIENT safety ,POLICY sciences ,SOCIAL role ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,LITERATURE reviews ,THEMATIC analysis ,UNLICENSED medical personnel - Abstract
Aims and objectives: This scoping review explored: (i) the role of unregulated care providers in the healthcare system; (ii) their potential role on interprofessional teams; (iii) the impact of unregulated care provider’s role on quality of care and patient safety; and (iv) education and employment standards. Background: Unregulated care providers in Canada assist older adults with personal support and activities of daily living in a variety of care settings. As the care needs of an aging population become increasingly complex, the role of unregulated care providers in healthcare delivery has also evolved. Currently, many unregulated care providers are performing tasks previously performed by regulated health professionals, with potential implications for quality of care and patient safety. Information is fragmented on the role, education and employment standards of unregulated care providers. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the methods outlined by Arksey and O'Malley (International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8, 2005, 19) and Levac, Colquhoun, and O'Brien (Implementation Science, 5, 2010, 69). An iterative search of published and grey literature was conducted from January 2000 to September 2016 using Medline, CINAHL, SCOPUS and Google. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify relevant studies published in English. Results: The search yielded 63 papers for review. Results highlight the evolving role of unregulated care providers, a lack of recognition and a lack of authority for unregulated care provider decision‐making in patient care. Unregulated care providers do not have a defined scope of practice. However, their role has evolved to include activities previously performed by regulated professionals. Variations in education and employment standards have implications for quality of care and patient safety. Conclusions: Unregulated care providers are part of an important workforce in the long‐term care and community sectors in Canada. Their evolving role should be recognised and efforts made to leverage their experience on interprofessional teams and reduce variations in education and employment standards. Implications for practice: This study highlights the evolving role of unregulated care providers in Canada and presents a set of recommendations for implementation at micro, meso, and macro policy levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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46. Predictors of quality of life for chronic stroke survivors in relation to cultural differences: a literature review.
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Wang, Rongrong and Langhammer, Birgitta
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AGE distribution ,CINAHL database ,CULTURE ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MARITAL status ,MEDLINE ,ONLINE information services ,POPULATION geography ,QUALITY of life ,RESEARCH funding ,SEX distribution ,STROKE ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Background: Stroke survivors might perceive their quality of life (QoL) as being affected even years after onset. The purpose of this review was to go through the literature to identify factors related to QoL for persons with stroke in China and Western countries for possible similarities and differences in their respective cultural views. Method: A narrative literature review was conducted on the papers identified by searching PubMed, EBSCO/CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data that published up to November 2016. Factors predicting QoL after stroke were extracted, and comparisons were made between Chinese and Western studies respecting cultural aspects. Results: A total of 43 articles were included in this review, with 31 conducted in Western countries and 12 in China. Predictors of QoL included Demographic factors: age, gender, marital status, education level, socioeconomic status; Clinically related factors: severity of stroke, physical function, depression/anxiety, cognitive impairment, incontinence and other comorbidities; Environmental factors: residential status, social support, social participation; and Individual factors: coping strategies and self‐perception. Being married and resident at home might be associated with the perception of QoL differently between Chinese and Western survivors. Conclusions: Most predictors of QoL in stroke survivors were the same in China and the Western countries. However, their QoL might be predicted differently regarding to the individualistic and collectivistic cultural differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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47. The experiences of gender and sexually diverse parents using support and services for their young children: An integrative review.
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Wright, Amy L., Butt, Michelle L., Valerio, Claudia, Ahmed, Ossaid, Russell, Lisa M., and Ferron, Era Mae
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HEALTH services accessibility ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PARENTS ,RESEARCH funding ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,CINAHL database ,SEX distribution ,MEDICAL care ,PARENT attitudes ,EMOTIONS ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,TEACHERS ,CHILD development ,NURSING practice ,FAMILY-centered care ,SEXUAL minorities ,SOCIAL support ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) ,SOCIAL stigma ,WELL-being - Abstract
Aim: To address: What are the experiences of 2SLGBTQQIA+ parents using parenting supports and services to meet their children's early childhood development needs (<5 years of age)? Design: Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) integrative review methodology. Methods: Electronic databases were searched from 2000 to October 14, 2022 for empirical studies or reviews addressing the research question. The title and abstract of 12,158 articles were screened for inclusion in the review by two independent researchers; 175 of these articles underwent full‐text review. Studies selected were critically appraised using a Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. Relevant key findings were extracted from each study and entered into N‐VIVO‐12. Thematic content analysis was employed and PRISMA guidelines were adhered to. Results: A total of 18 articles (15 qualitative and three multi‐method studies) met the inclusion criteria and were selected for the review. Seven themes were revealed from analysis of the studies: (1) 2SLGBTQQIA+ Status kept a secret; (2) Forced to come out; (3) Heteronormative messaging; (4) Feeling excluded; (5) Stigmatised; (6) Parents act as educators; and (7) Positive experiences. Conclusion: This integrative review provides nurses with insight into the experiences of 2SLGBTQQIA+ parents using health care services for their young child. Implications for the Profession: This article highlights what changes nurses need to make to their practice to ensure appropriate, inclusive care for clients of diverse sexual and gender identities and their families. Impact: Health care providers, especially nurses, have an opportunity to improve the experiences of these families and positively impact their health and well‐being. Additionally, there is a need for research with the 2SLGBTQQIA+ parent community and the use of rigorous methodological techniques, including clearly linking participants' gender and sexual identities with study findings, to improve our understanding of 2SLGBTQQIA+ parent experiences. Patient or Public Contribution: Although there was no direct patient contribution to the work since it was an integrative review of the literature, indirectly patient contributions are incorporated from the original research results of studies incorporated into this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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48. Social Support and Mental Well-Being of Newcomer Women and Children Living in Canada: A Scoping Review.
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Hirani, Saima, Shah, Zara, Dubicki, Theresa Claire, and Bandara, Nilanga Aki
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IMMIGRANTS ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,SOCIAL media ,MENTAL health ,SELF-efficacy ,RESEARCH funding ,INDEPENDENT living ,CINAHL database ,PSYCHOLOGY of women ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDICAL databases ,QUALITY of life ,SOCIAL support ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,QUALITY assurance ,COGNITIVE therapy ,WELL-being ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,SELF-perception ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Newcomer women and children are less likely to access and utilize mental health support services as compared to the general Canadian population, despite reporting experiences of mental health issues. This review aimed to map out the social support interventions that are available for promoting the mental well-being of newcomer women and children living in Canada. A search using Medline, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane library was conducted to identify published studies. Studies were screened, extracted, and synthesized by two independent reviewers in line with the methodological approach for scoping reviews. Fourteen articles published in English between 2012–2023 were reviewed. Results identified five types of interventions: art and sand play interventions, support groups and workshops, assessment of existing support services, social media interventions, and short-term cognitive behavioral therapy. Our results suggest that culturally appropriate social support interventions increase mental well-being outcomes, such as self-esteem and social support, and reduce peri-migratory traumas for newcomer women and children in Canada. However, findings from this review underscore the need for more quantitative and participatory research approaches so that newcomer women's and children's needs are adequately explored and addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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49. Family-based Interventions of Preventing Substance Use Among Immigrant Youth: A Scoping Review.
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Li, Yiyan, Maina, Geoffrey, Mousavian, Ghazal, Fang, Yiting, Twum-Antwi, Barbara, Sherstobitoff, Jordan, Amoyaw, Jonathan, and Pandey, Mamata
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EMIGRATION & immigration & psychology ,SUBSTANCE abuse prevention ,IMMIGRANTS ,FAMILY psychotherapy ,PARENTS ,COMMUNICATIVE competence ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,RESEARCH funding ,GREY literature ,PARENT-child relationships ,CINAHL database ,LEARNING ,PARENTING ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,LITERATURE reviews ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems - Abstract
Introduction: Immigrant youth face heightened risks of substance use due to the stress associated with immigration and acculturation. While parental intervention can have a preventative impact on substance use, parents need to be well-informed about substance use and effective interventions that can prevent substance use among immigrant youth. Such interventions ought to be culturally sensitive, family-based, and targeted at the specific substances that are prevalent in a given context. Identifying and curating interventions that can empower parents in addressing substance use can help mitigate the risks that immigrant youth may face. Methods: This scoping review aimed to identify the types, characteristics, and effectiveness of family-based substance use intervention programs. Based on Arksay and O'Malley's guidelines, interventions included in the review must have met the following criteria: (a) was a family-based intervention aiming to prevent substance use; (b) targeted immigrant teens aged 12 to 17 years old; (c) was published in English; (d) originated from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, or the United States. The pinch table was used to synthesize included articles, after which studies were compared and categorized, and cross-cutting categories were identified. Results: After screening 4551 searched literature, 13 studies that utilized family-based interventions were included in the review. All interventions were face-to-face programs, and most interventions involved parents and youth as participants. Eco-developmental theory and active learning strategies were used by multiple interventions. Given immigrant families were target stakeholders, both deep structure and surface structure cultural adaptations were utilized. Interventions increased parents' knowledge and skills regarding substance use prevention and delayed substance use initiation among youth. Conclusion: From the review, it was evident that parents are an essential element in any program aiming to prevent or reduce children's substance use. Besides information about substance use prevention, the curriculum also involves parenting and communication skills for parents to understand the protective effects of family. Effective family-based interventions for immigrant youth require attention to parenting and immigration stress, while also considering cultural adaptation. Future directions and limitations are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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50. Racism against healthcare users in inpatient care: a scoping review.
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Merz, Sibille, Aksakal, Tuğba, Hibtay, Ariam, Yücesoy, Hilâl, Fieselmann, Jana, Annaç, Kübra, Yılmaz-Aslan, Yüce, Brzoska, Patrick, and Tezcan-Güntekin, Hürrem
- Subjects
MEDICAL care ,PATIENT psychology ,CINAHL database ,HOSPITALS ,RACISM ,REHABILITATION centers ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,INTERSECTIONALITY ,LITERATURE reviews ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,DEVELOPED countries - Abstract
Background: Racism in the healthcare system has become a burgeoning focus in health policy-making and research. Existing research has shown both interpersonal and structural forms of racism limiting access to quality healthcare for racialised healthcare users. Nevertheless, little is known about the specifics of racism in the inpatient sector, specifically hospitals and rehabilitation facilities. The aim of this scoping review is therefore to map the evidence on racial discrimination experienced by people receiving treatment in inpatient settings (hospitals and rehabilitation facilities) or their caregivers in high-income countries, focusing specifically on whether intersectional axes of discrimination have been taken into account when describing these experiences. Methods: Based on the conceptual framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley, this scoping review surveyed existing research on racism and racial discrimination in inpatient care in high-income countries published between 2013 and 2023. The software Rayyan was used to support the screening process while MAXQDA was used for thematic coding. Results: Forty-seven articles were included in this review. Specifics of the inpatient sector included different hospitalisation, admission and referral rates within and across hospitals; the threat of racial discrimination from other healthcare users; and the spatial segregation of healthcare users according to ethnic, religious or racialised criteria. While most articles described some interactions between race and other social categories in the sample composition, the framework of intersectionality was rarely considered explicitly during analysis. Discussion: While the USA continue to predominate in discussions, other high-income countries including Canada, Australia and the UK also examine racism in their own healthcare systems. Absent from the literature are studies from a wider range of European countries as well as of racialised and disadvantaged groups other than refugees or recent immigrants. Research in this area would also benefit from an engagement with approaches to intersectionality in public health to produce a more nuanced understanding of the interactions of racism with other axes of discrimination. As inpatient care exhibits a range of specific structures, future research and policy-making ought to consider these specifics to develop targeted interventions, including training for non-clinical staff and robust, transparent and accessible complaint procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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