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Alluvial soils are rich in mineral nutrients, and contain high heavy metals, especially Cd. The interactions of mineral nutrients with Cd in soil-rice grain systems on natural condition of alluvial plain are highlighted in this study. 110 pairs of rice grain and soil (0–20 cm) samples from the Pearl River Delta were investigated and measured. The results indicated that pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, clay, Ca, Cd, Fe, Mn and Zn are the most important soil characteristics controlling Cd uptake by rice grain. There are synergetic interactions between Cd and mineral elements in the soils, and antagonistic interactions between them in the rice grains. It could provide useful information for the risk assessment of heavy metals in the soils of alluvial plain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]