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The paper defines a complex of manager's qualities based on theoretical and methodological analysis and synthesis methods, available national and world literature, research papers and publications. The complex approach methodology was used, which provides an innovative view of the development of modern manager's qualities. The methodological background of the research are theoretical and methodological analysis and synthesis methods of available national and world literature, conceptual analysis of issue-related research papers and publications; study and generalization of both national and foreign developments and introduction of projects regarding actualization of manager's effective activity; the use of generalization, comparison, forecasting methods. The carried out research made it possible to distinguish a number of factors, which will have the major effect on managers' innovative entrepreneurial activities in the coming decade. Management as a social and economic phenomenon is under constant development--going to the future, and every efficient manager should accordingly improve himself. Therefore, today not only the level of professional training but such components of the profession as innovations and creativity, which are business advantages, important economic recourse and intensive economic development condition, become characteristic of manager's activity. They're defined as abilities to reveal and encourage employees' creative and innovative ideas. These aspects are reflected in the development of innovative business model of modern manager, each component of which is a key and independent element. Special attention is paid to the creative and innovative component of the suggested model. The suggested model might be used in order to create a manager's unique image and lead the company he manages to a long expected result.

In this paper, we draw on three ethnographic studies of surrogacy we carried out separately in different contexts: the western US state of California, the south Indian state of Karnataka, and the western Russian metropolis of St Petersburg. In our interviews with surrogate mothers, intended parents, and surrogacy professionals, we traced the meanings and ideologies through which they understood the clinical labour of surrogacy. We found that in the US, interviewed surrogates, intended parents and professionals understood surrogacy as an exchange of both gifts and commodities, where gift-giving, reciprocity, and relatedness between surrogates and intended parents were the major tropes. In India, differing narratives of surrogacy were offered by its different parties: whilst professionals and intended parents framed it as a win-win exchange with an emphasis on the economic side, the interviewed surrogate mothers talked about surrogacy as creative labour of giving life. In Russia, approaches to surrogacy among the interviewed surrogate mothers, professionals and intended parents overlapped in framing it as work and a businesslike commodity exchange. We suggest these three different ways of ethical reasoning about the clinical labour of surrogacy, including justifications of women's incorporation into this labour, were situated in local moral frameworks. We name them "repro-regional moral frameworks", inspired by earlier work on moral frameworks as well as on reproductive nationalisms and transnational reproduction. Building on these findings, we argue that any international or global regulation of surrogacy, or indeed any moral stance on it, needs to take these local differences into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]