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[1800] Vochysia densiflora Spruce ex Warm. (Fig. 60D) Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 101 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875 ). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: tapilen kuwalɨ• Wp: kwalɨpilã, kwalɨ pɨtã • Wn: kanawaimë • Nt: wana kwali • Cr: kwali. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier et al. 6272. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 20 trees in 7 plots; Fmax = 1.4 %; dbhinv = 112.7 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1787] Erisma nitidum DC. Prodr. [ A. P. de Candolle] 3: 30 [mid Mar. 1828] (Candolle 1828). Qualea lutea Desf. ex Link, Jahrb. Gewächsk. 1 (3): 24 (Link 1820), nom. nud. NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield. VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: makuk • Nt: manhunti kwali. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 7 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J. Martin s.n. (holo-, FI[FI005833]; iso-, FI[FI005832], P[P00733810, P00733811, P00733812]; probable iso-, B[B - W 00040 -01 0]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 8 trees in 2 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 722, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1794] Qualea polychroma Stafleu Acta Bot. Neerl. 2 (2): 182 (Stafleu 1953). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier 1462. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 6 trees in 3 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 723, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1808] Vochysia surinamensis Stafleu Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 95: 439 (Stafleu 194 8). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: wosiwosi • Wp: malakapuli’ɨ • Nt: mutende kwali • Cr: kwali • Fr: couali. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 17 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2942. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 29 trees in 14 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1799] Vochysia cayennensis Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 80 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875 ). NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana. VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: kwalɨsĩ, malakapuli’ɨ• Nt: wana kwali • Fr: grignon sainte marie. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 13 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J. Martin s.n. (original material B[B - W 00038 -01 0], BM[BM000566734], E[E00285635], F[V0074840F, V0074841F], K[K000566091], NY[00001041],P[P00733830,P00733831, P00733832], US [00108791]). SIZE. — Up to 80 cm dbh (Marcano-Berti 1998)., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1810] Vochysia tomentosa (G.Mey.) DC. Prodr. [ A. P. de Candolle] 3: 26 [mid Mar. 1828] (Candolle 1828). — Cucullaria tomentosa G.Mey., Prim.Fl.Esseq. 13 [Nov.1818](Meyer 1818). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuwali, kwalɨ, walapa kuwalilɨ, wosiwosi tamunen • Wp: kwalɨ, kwalɨ e’e, kwalɨ pilã, kwalɨ pɨtã • Nt: wana kwali • Cr: kwali • Fr: couali • Br: quaruba. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 36 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: L.C. Richard s.n. (original material P[P00733963, P00733965]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 74 trees in 28 plots; Fmax = 2.1 %; dbhinv = 133 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["MEYER G. F. W. 1818. - Primitiae florae Essequeboensis adjectis descriptionibus centum circiter stirpium novarum, observationibusque criticis. H. Dieterich, Gottingen, 316 p."]}

[1798] Ruizterania ferruginea (Steyerm.) Marc.-Berti Pittieria 2: 11 (Marcano-Berti 1969). — Qualea ferruginea Steyerm., Fieldiana, Bot. 28 (2): 295 (Steyermark 1952). Qualea rubiginosa Stafleu, Acta Bot. Neerl. 2 (2): 154 (Stafleu 1953). — Ruizterania rubiginosa (Stafleu) Marc. -Berti, Pittieria 2: 14 (Marcano-Berti 1969). Qualea apodocarpa Steyerm., Bol. Soc.Venez. Ci. Nat. 26: 473 (Steyermark 1966). — Ruizterania apodocarpa (Steyerm.) Marc. -Berti, Pittieria 2: 10 (Marcano-Berti 1969). Qualea rubiginosa var. angustior Steyerm., Acta Bot. Venez. 2 (5-8): 239 (Steyermark 1967). — Ruizterania rubiginosa var. angustior (Steyerm.) Marc. -Berti, Pittieria 2: 15 (Marcano-Berti 1969). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, D. Sabatier 4874, dbh 90 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1788] Erisma uncinatum Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 110 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875). Erisma pulverulentum Poepp. ex Warm., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1889: 28 (Warming 1889). NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege et al. 2020). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kusili yepo, palulu ipyo, walapa kuwalilɨ • Wp: kwalɨsili • Wn: kalapi alikan • Nt: feli kwali, jaboti, manhunti kwali • Cr: grignon-fou, kwali • Fr: grignon fou • Br: jaboti-daterra-firme, quarubarana. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 39 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier 2312. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 69 trees in 30 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 722, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["TER STEEGE H., PRADO P. I., LIMA R. A. F. DE, POS E., DE SOUZA COELHO L., DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO D., SALOMAO R. P., AMARAL I. L., DE ALMEIDA MATOS F. D., CASTILHO C. V., PHILLIPS O. L., GUEVARA J. E., DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM M., CARDENAS LOPEZ D., MAGNUSSON W. E., WITTMANN F., MARTINS M. P., SABATIER D., IRUME M. V., DA SILVA GUI- MARAES J. R., MOLINO J. - F., BANKI O. S., PIEDADE M. T. F., PITMAN N. C. A., RAMOS J. F., MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA A., VENTICINQUE E. M., LUIZE B. G., NUNEZ VARGAS P., SILVA T. S. F., DE LEAO NOVO E. M. M., REIS N. F. C., TERBORGH J., MANZATTO A. G., CASULA K. R., HONORIO CORONADO E. N., MONTERO J. C., DUQUE A., COSTA F. R. C., CASTANO ARBOLEDA N., SCHONGART J., ZARTMAN C. E., KILLEEN T. J., MARIMON B. S., MARIMON- JUNIOR B. H., VASQUEZ R., MOSTACEDO B., DEMARCHI L. O., FELDPAUSCH T. R., ENGEL J., PETRONELLI P., BARALOTO C., ASSIS R. L., CASTELLANOS H., SIMON M. F., DE MEDEIROS M. B., QUARESMA A., LAUR- ANCE S. G. W., RINCON L. M., ANDRADE A., SOUSA T. R., CAMARGO J. L., SCHIETTI J., LAURANCE W. F., DE QUEIROZ H. L., NASCIMENTO H. E. M., LOPES M. A., DE SOUSA FARIAS E., MAGALHAES J. L. L., BRIENEN R., AYMARD C. G. A., RE- VILLA J. D. C., VIEIRA I. C. G., CINTRA B. B. L., STEVENSON P. R., FEITOSA Y. O., DUIVENVOORDEN J. F., MOGOLLON H. F., ARAUJO- MURAKAMI A., FERREIRA L. V., LOZADA J. R., COMISKEY J. A., DE TOLEDO J. J., DAMASCO G., DAVILA N., LOPES A., GARCIA- VILLACORTA R., DRAPER F., VICENTINI A., CORNEJO VALVERDE F., LLOYD J., GOMES V. H. F., NEILL D., ALONSO A., DALLMEIER F., DE SOUZA F. C., GRIBEL R., AR- ROYO L., CARVALHO F. A., DE AGUIAR D. P. P., DO AMARAL D. D., PANSONATO M. P., FEELEY K. J., BERENGUER E., FINE P. V. A., GUEDES M. C., BARLOW J., FERREIRA J., VILLA B., PENUELA MORA M. C., JIMENEZ E. M., LICONA J. C., CERON C., THOMAS R., MAAS P., SILVEIRA M., HENKEL T. W., STROPP J., PAREDES M. R., DEXTER K. G., DALY D., BAKER T. R., HUAMANTUPA- CHUQUIMACO I., MILLIKEN W., PENNINGTON T., TELLO J. S., PENA J. L. M., PERES C. A., KLITGAARD B., FUENTES A., SILMAN M. R., DI FIORE A., VON HILDEBRAND P., CHAVE J., VAN ANDEL T. R., HILARIO R. R., PHILLIPS J. F., RIVAS- TORRES G., NORONHA J. C., PRIETO A., GONZALES T., DE SA CARPANEDO R., GONZALES G. P. G., GOMEZ R. Z., DE JESUS RODRIGUES D., ZENT E. L., RUSCHEL A. R., VOS V. A., FONTY E., JUNQUEIRA A. B., DOZA H. P. D., HOFFMAN B., ZENT S., BARBOSA E. M., MALHI Y., DE MATOS BONATES L. C., DE ANDRADE MIRANDA I. P., SILVA N., BARBOSA F. R., VELA C. I. A., PINTO L. F. M., RUDAS A., ALBUQUERQUE B. W., UMANA M. N., CARRERO MARQUEZ Y. A., VAN DER HEI- JDEN G., YOUNG K. R., TIRADO M., CORREA D. F., SIERRA R., COSTA J. B. P., ROCHA M., VILANOVA TORRE E., WANG O., OLIVEIRA A. A., KALAMANDEEN M., VRIESENDORP C., RAMIREZ- ANGULO H., HOLMGREN M., NASCIMENTO M. T., GALBRAITH D., FLORES B. M., SCUDELLER V. V., CANO A., AHUITE REATEGUI M. A., MESONES I., BAIDER C., MENDOZA C., ZAGT R., URREGO GIRALDO L. E., FERREIRA C., VILLARROEL D., LINARES- PALOMINO R., FARFAN- RIOS W., FARFAN- RIOS W., CASAS L. F., CARDENAS S., BALSLEV H., TORRES- LEZAMA A., ALEXIADES M. N., GARCIA- CABRERA K., VALENZUELA GAMARRA L., VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL E. H., RAMIREZ AREVALO F., HER- NANDEZ L., SAMPAIO A. F., PANSINI S., PALACIOS CUENCA W., DE OLIVEIRA E. A., PAULETTO D., LEVESLEY A., MELGACO K. & PICKAVANCE G. 2020. - Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora. Scientific Reports 10 (1): 10130. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 66686 - 3"]}

[1811] Vochysia vismiifolia Spruce ex Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 99 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875), “ vismiaefolia ”. NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege et al. 2020). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Br: quaruba-vermelha. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.-J. de Granville 5550. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 10 trees in 5 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["TER STEEGE H., PRADO P. I., LIMA R. A. F. DE, POS E., DE SOUZA COELHO L., DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO D., SALOMAO R. P., AMARAL I. L., DE ALMEIDA MATOS F. D., CASTILHO C. V., PHILLIPS O. L., GUEVARA J. E., DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM M., CARDENAS LOPEZ D., MAGNUSSON W. E., WITTMANN F., MARTINS M. P., SABATIER D., IRUME M. V., DA SILVA GUI- MARAES J. R., MOLINO J. - F., BANKI O. S., PIEDADE M. T. F., PITMAN N. C. A., RAMOS J. F., MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA A., VENTICINQUE E. M., LUIZE B. G., NUNEZ VARGAS P., SILVA T. S. F., DE LEAO NOVO E. M. M., REIS N. F. C., TERBORGH J., MANZATTO A. G., CASULA K. R., HONORIO CORONADO E. N., MONTERO J. C., DUQUE A., COSTA F. R. C., CASTANO ARBOLEDA N., SCHONGART J., ZARTMAN C. E., KILLEEN T. J., MARIMON B. S., MARIMON- JUNIOR B. H., VASQUEZ R., MOSTACEDO B., DEMARCHI L. O., FELDPAUSCH T. R., ENGEL J., PETRONELLI P., BARALOTO C., ASSIS R. L., CASTELLANOS H., SIMON M. F., DE MEDEIROS M. B., QUARESMA A., LAUR- ANCE S. G. W., RINCON L. M., ANDRADE A., SOUSA T. R., CAMARGO J. L., SCHIETTI J., LAURANCE W. F., DE QUEIROZ H. L., NASCIMENTO H. E. M., LOPES M. A., DE SOUSA FARIAS E., MAGALHAES J. L. L., BRIENEN R., AYMARD C. G. A., RE- VILLA J. D. C., VIEIRA I. C. G., CINTRA B. B. L., STEVENSON P. R., FEITOSA Y. O., DUIVENVOORDEN J. F., MOGOLLON H. F., ARAUJO- MURAKAMI A., FERREIRA L. V., LOZADA J. R., COMISKEY J. A., DE TOLEDO J. J., DAMASCO G., DAVILA N., LOPES A., GARCIA- VILLACORTA R., DRAPER F., VICENTINI A., CORNEJO VALVERDE F., LLOYD J., GOMES V. H. F., NEILL D., ALONSO A., DALLMEIER F., DE SOUZA F. C., GRIBEL R., AR- ROYO L., CARVALHO F. A., DE AGUIAR D. P. P., DO AMARAL D. D., PANSONATO M. P., FEELEY K. J., BERENGUER E., FINE P. V. A., GUEDES M. C., BARLOW J., FERREIRA J., VILLA B., PENUELA MORA M. C., JIMENEZ E. M., LICONA J. C., CERON C., THOMAS R., MAAS P., SILVEIRA M., HENKEL T. W., STROPP J., PAREDES M. R., DEXTER K. G., DALY D., BAKER T. R., HUAMANTUPA- CHUQUIMACO I., MILLIKEN W., PENNINGTON T., TELLO J. S., PENA J. L. M., PERES C. A., KLITGAARD B., FUENTES A., SILMAN M. R., DI FIORE A., VON HILDEBRAND P., CHAVE J., VAN ANDEL T. R., HILARIO R. R., PHILLIPS J. F., RIVAS- TORRES G., NORONHA J. C., PRIETO A., GONZALES T., DE SA CARPANEDO R., GONZALES G. P. G., GOMEZ R. Z., DE JESUS RODRIGUES D., ZENT E. L., RUSCHEL A. R., VOS V. A., FONTY E., JUNQUEIRA A. B., DOZA H. P. D., HOFFMAN B., ZENT S., BARBOSA E. M., MALHI Y., DE MATOS BONATES L. C., DE ANDRADE MIRANDA I. P., SILVA N., BARBOSA F. R., VELA C. I. A., PINTO L. F. M., RUDAS A., ALBUQUERQUE B. W., UMANA M. N., CARRERO MARQUEZ Y. A., VAN DER HEI- JDEN G., YOUNG K. R., TIRADO M., CORREA D. F., SIERRA R., COSTA J. B. P., ROCHA M., VILANOVA TORRE E., WANG O., OLIVEIRA A. A., KALAMANDEEN M., VRIESENDORP C., RAMIREZ- ANGULO H., HOLMGREN M., NASCIMENTO M. T., GALBRAITH D., FLORES B. M., SCUDELLER V. V., CANO A., AHUITE REATEGUI M. A., MESONES I., BAIDER C., MENDOZA C., ZAGT R., URREGO GIRALDO L. E., FERREIRA C., VILLARROEL D., LINARES- PALOMINO R., FARFAN- RIOS W., FARFAN- RIOS W., CASAS L. F., CARDENAS S., BALSLEV H., TORRES- LEZAMA A., ALEXIADES M. N., GARCIA- CABRERA K., VALENZUELA GAMARRA L., VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL E. H., RAMIREZ AREVALO F., HER- NANDEZ L., SAMPAIO A. F., PANSINI S., PALACIOS CUENCA W., DE OLIVEIRA E. A., PAULETTO D., LEVESLEY A., MELGACO K. & PICKAVANCE G. 2020. - Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora. Scientific Reports 10 (1): 10130. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 66686 - 3"]}

[1806] Vochysia sofiae Marc.-Berti & Poncy Pittieria 40: 176 (Marcano-Berti & Poncy 2016 ). NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana. VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ã-seiminio-purubumna • Cr: kwali • Br: quaruba. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 4 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: O. Tostain et al. 2725 (holo-, P [P04776153]; iso-, CAY [CAY101513, CAY101514, CAY101515], P [P04776154]), 35 m., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1792] Qualea dinizii Ducke Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 1 (1): 49 (Ducke 1915). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: pilima’ɨpiyũ, pilima’ɨwu. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: G. Angel 29. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 3 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 723, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["DUCKE A. 1915. - Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la region amazonienne. Archivos do Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro 1 (1): 7 - 57."]}

[1789] Qualea acuminata Spruce ex Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 40 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875). Qualea speciosa Huber, Bol. Mus. Paraense Hist. Nat. Ethnogr. 3: 425 (Huber 1902). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: F.M.R. Leprieur 284 (P[P04660120]). SIZE. — Up to 20 m tall (Marcano-Berti 1998)., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 722, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1801] Vochysia glaberrima Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 78 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875 ). Vochysia lucida Klotzsch ex M.R.Schomb., Reis. Br. - Guiana [Ri. Schomburgk] 3: 1099 [“1848” publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Schomburgk 1849), nom. illeg. hom., non C.Presl (1834). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5136. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 111.4 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1797] Ruizterania albiflora (Warm.) Marc. -Berti Pittieria 2: 9 (Marcano-Berti 1969). — Qualea albiflora Warm., Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 36 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875). Qualea glaberrima Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 1 (1): 46 (Ducke 1915). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ã-seiminio-puvemna • Ka: tɨyapotano ilakopi • Nt: gonfolo kwali • Cr: grignon-boni, grignon-fou • Fr: gonfolo gris • Br: mandioqueira-lisa, mandioqueira-preta. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 35 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: M.-F. Prévost 3198. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 174 trees in 94 plots; Fmax = 1.5 %; dbhinv = 143.2 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 724, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["DUCKE A. 1915. - Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la region amazonienne. Archivos do Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro 1 (1): 7 - 57."]}

[1793] Qualea moriboomiorum Marc.-Berti (Fig. 60C) Pittieria 18: 5 (Marcano-Berti 1989), “ mori-boomii ”. NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana. Automatic correction of “ mori-boomii ”, according to Art. 60.8 of the ICN (Turland et al. 2018). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Fr: gonfolo bleu. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori & B.M. Boom 15225 (holo-, NY[00001003]; iso-, CAY[CAY024985], P[P00162580]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 44 trees in 18 plots; Fmax = 1.7 %; dbhinv = 86.1 cm., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 723, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["TURLAND N. J., WIERSEMA J. H., BARRIE F. R., GREUTER W., HAWKSWORTH D. L., HERENDEEN P. S., KNAPP S., KUSBER W. - H., LI D. - Z., MARHOLD K., MAY T. W., MCNEILL J., MONRO A. M., PRADO J., PRICE M. J. & SMITH G. F. 2018. - International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashutten. (Regnum Vegetabile; 159). https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / Code. 2018"]}

[1807] Vochysia speciosa Warm. Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13 (2): 79 [1 Mar. 1875] (Warming 1875 ). HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: P.A. Poiteau s.n. (original material G[G00343253, G00343255], K[K000565944], M[M0239555], P[P00733917, P00733918]). SIZE. — Up to 45 m tall (Marcano-Berti 1998)., Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

[1786] Erisma floribundum Rudge Pl. Guian. [Rudge] 1 (1): 7 [Apr. 1805] (Rudge 1805). — Debraea floribunda (Rudge) Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. [Roemer & Schultes] 1: 34 [Jan.-June 1817] (Roemer & Schultes 1817). — Ditmaria floribunda (Rudge) Spreng., Syst.Veg. [Sprengel] 1: 16 [“1825” publ. late 1824] (Sprengel 1824). Erisma parvifolium Gleason, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 60 (5): 362 [May 1933] (Gleason 1933). Erisma pallidiflorum Ducke, Arch. Inst. Biol.Veg. 2 (1): 54 [Sep. 1935] (Ducke 1935). — Erisma parvifolium var. pallidiflorum (Ducke) Ducke, Arch. Inst. Biol. Veg. 4 (1): 43 [June 1938] (Ducke 1938). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuwalɨlan • Wp: kwalɨ sili • Nt: feli kwali, jaboti, manhunti kwali • Cr: grignon-fou • Br: jaboti-daterra-firme. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 12 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J. Martin s.n. (original material BM[BM000566722, BM000938998], BR, [BR0000005529711], LINN[LINN-HS 17.1], M[M0239626], MO[MO-251856]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 8 trees in 5 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 722, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777, {"references":["DUCKE A. 1935. - Le \" Pajura \" et le \" Parinary \" d'Amazonie. Revue de Botanique appliquee et d'Agriculture coloniale 15: 179 - 182."]}

[1805] Vochysia sabatieri Marc.-Berti (Fig. 60E) Pittieria 18: 9 (Marcano-Berti 1989 ). NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana. VERNACULAR NAMES. — Nt: kopi kwali. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 13 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier 1170 (original material CAY[CAY024988, CAY024989], NY[00927585]). INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 2 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 725, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

Vochysia sobralii G.H.Shimizu & D.J.P.Gonç., spec. nov. (Figures 1–3) Vochysia sobralii is characterized by presenting opposite leaves or in 3-merous whorls, petioles longer than 1 cm, leaf blades longer than 13 cm, elliptic, with cuspidate apex and cuneate base. Type: — BRAZIL. Pará: Altamira, Serra do Cachimbo, December 2005, fl., M. Sobral & A. G. Oliveira 10876 (holotype HUEFS108806! [mounted on two sheets], isotype MBM barcode 312865!). Trees, 15–20 m tall. Branchlets quadrangular or subterete, ferrugineous tomentellous, cortex not exfoliating. Leaves opposite or in 3-merous whorls; stipules ca. 0.5 cm long, deltoid, tomentellous, caducous; petiole 1.1–1.7 cm long, pilose; leaf blade 13.5–19 × 4–6.2 cm, elliptic, chartaceous; adaxial surface glabrous, shiny, midrib impressed and secondary veins prominulous; abaxial surface tomentellous, midrib and secondary veins prominent, intersecondary veins less prominent, tertiary veins reticulate, also less prominent, marginal vein about 0.5–1 mm from the leaf margin, undulate; apex cuspidate, base cuneate, margin flat to subrevolute. Inflorescence a thyrse of cincinni, terminal, 19–25 cm long, tomentellous; cincinni 1-florous, peduncle ca. 0.3 cm long and pedicel ca. 1 cm long; bracts caducous. Flower bud ca. 2 × 0.2 cm, sub-incurved, falcate, apex acute, puberulous; spur 4–8 × 1 mm, recurved, cylindrical, apex rounded; spurred sepal 24–35 mm long; remaining 4 smaller calyx lobes 1.5–2.5 × 2–3 mm, deltoid to ovate, apex obtuse. Petals absent. Stamen 1, filament 2–3 mm long, anther 16–19 mm long, densely villose on the back and between the thecae on the inner side; staminodes 2, 1– 1.5 mm long, glabrous. Ovary 2 × 1.5–2 mm, conical, tomentose; style 17–18 mm long, cylindrical but with the upper half slightly clavate, straight to incurved, glabrous except for the base; stigma capitate, terminal. Capsule and seeds unknown. Distribution and habitat: —This species was collected in a forest border, in the southern part of the municipality of Altamira, Serra do Cachimbo, Pará state, Brazil (Figure 3). This region, north of Mato Grosso state and south of Pará, is a transition area between Amazon rainforests and cerrados from Central Brazil (MMA 2009). Phenology: —The only known gathering was collected in flowers in December. Conservation status: —The lack of additional collections of Vochysia sobralii prevents the assessment of extinction risk, rendering it as data deficient (DD) for now, following IUCN Red List guidelines (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2016). The species was collected during one of the flora surveys for the creation of the “Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo” Biological Reserve, which is a conservation unit with significant environmental importance, as it protects hundreds of perennial springs, forming important rivers in the Xingu and Tapajós basins, and also because of its heterogeneity and environmental peculiarity (MMA 2009). However, despite being a conservation unit, the region endures threats such as deforestation for grazing and fires, which were intensified in 2021 (ISA 2021). Etymology: —The specific epithet honors the plant taxonomist and Myrtaceae specialist Prof. Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral, who collected the species during the floristic survey for the “Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo” Biological Reserve’s management plan (MMA 2009). Discussion: —Within Vochysia sect. Pachyantha, Vochysia sobralii is more similar to V. sofiae, due to the long petioles, large leaves, and cuspidate leaf apex. But it differs in the cuneate leaf base (vs. obtuse or rounded in V. sofiae) and acute flower bud apex (vs. obtuse). Also, V. sobralii occurs in southern Pará, Brazil, ca. 1,500 km apart from Saint-Georges-de-l’Oyapock, French Guiana, where V. sofiae was collected. A dichotomous key and a link to a multi-access interactive key for all ten species of the section Pachyantha are presented below., Published as part of Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki & Gonçalves, Deise Josely Pereira, 2022, Vochysia sobralii (Vochysiaceae), a new species from Serra do Cachimbo, Pará, Brazil, and updated keys for Vochysia sect. Pachyantha, pp. 207-213 in Phytotaxa 542 (2) on pages 208-209, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/6417871, {"references":["MMA [Ministerio do Meio Ambiente] (2009) Plano de Manejo da Reserva Biologica Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo, MMA, Brasilia, pp. Available from: http: // www. gov. br / icmbio / pt-br / assuntos / biodiversidade / unidade-de-conservacao / unidades-de-biomas / amazonia / lista-de-ucs / rebio-dnascentes-da-serra-do-cachimbo / arquivos / rebio _ nascentes _ da _ serra _ do _ cachimbo. pdf (accessed 10 September 2021)","IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2016) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, version 12. Cambridge UK. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 10 September 2021)","ISA [Instituto Socioambiental] (2021) Instituto Socioambiental. Available from: http: // www. socioambiental. org / pt-br / noticiassocioambientais / destruicao-no-xingu-e-recorde-em-area-de-influencia-da-rodovia-da-soja (accessed 10 September 2021)"]}

Vochysia sobralii G.H.Shimizu & D.J.P.Gonç., spec. nov. (Figures 1–3) Vochysia sobralii is characterized by presenting opposite leaves or in 3-merous whorls, petioles longer than 1 cm, leaf blades longer than 13 cm, elliptic, with cuspidate apex and cuneate base. Type: — BRAZIL. Pará: Altamira, Serra do Cachimbo, December 2005, fl., M. Sobral & A. G. Oliveira 10876 (holotype HUEFS108806! [mounted on two sheets], isotype MBM barcode 312865!). Trees, 15–20 m tall. Branchlets quadrangular or subterete, ferrugineous tomentellous, cortex not exfoliating. Leaves opposite or in 3-merous whorls; stipules ca. 0.5 cm long, deltoid, tomentellous, caducous; petiole 1.1–1.7 cm long, pilose; leaf blade 13.5–19 × 4–6.2 cm, elliptic, chartaceous; adaxial surface glabrous, shiny, midrib impressed and secondary veins prominulous; abaxial surface tomentellous, midrib and secondary veins prominent, intersecondary veins less prominent, tertiary veins reticulate, also less prominent, marginal vein about 0.5–1 mm from the leaf margin, undulate; apex cuspidate, base cuneate, margin flat to subrevolute. Inflorescence a thyrse of cincinni, terminal, 19–25 cm long, tomentellous; cincinni 1-florous, peduncle ca. 0.3 cm long and pedicel ca. 1 cm long; bracts caducous. Flower bud ca. 2 × 0.2 cm, sub-incurved, falcate, apex acute, puberulous; spur 4–8 × 1 mm, recurved, cylindrical, apex rounded; spurred sepal 24–35 mm long; remaining 4 smaller calyx lobes 1.5–2.5 × 2–3 mm, deltoid to ovate, apex obtuse. Petals absent. Stamen 1, filament 2–3 mm long, anther 16–19 mm long, densely villose on the back and between the thecae on the inner side; staminodes 2, 1– 1.5 mm long, glabrous. Ovary 2 × 1.5–2 mm, conical, tomentose; style 17–18 mm long, cylindrical but with the upper half slightly clavate, straight to incurved, glabrous except for the base; stigma capitate, terminal. Capsule and seeds unknown. Distribution and habitat: —This species was collected in a forest border, in the southern part of the municipality of Altamira, Serra do Cachimbo, Pará state, Brazil (Figure 3). This region, north of Mato Grosso state and south of Pará, is a transition area between Amazon rainforests and cerrados from Central Brazil (MMA 2009). Phenology: —The only known gathering was collected in flowers in December. Conservation status: —The lack of additional collections of Vochysia sobralii prevents the assessment of extinction risk, rendering it as data deficient (DD) for now, following IUCN Red List guidelines (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2016). The species was collected during one of the flora surveys for the creation of the “Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo” Biological Reserve, which is a conservation unit with significant environmental importance, as it protects hundreds of perennial springs, forming important rivers in the Xingu and Tapajós basins, and also because of its heterogeneity and environmental peculiarity (MMA 2009). However, despite being a conservation unit, the region endures threats such as deforestation for grazing and fires, which were intensified in 2021 (ISA 2021). Etymology: —The specific epithet honors the plant taxonomist and Myrtaceae specialist Prof. Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral, who collected the species during the floristic survey for the “Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo” Biological Reserve’s management plan (MMA 2009). Discussion: —Within Vochysia sect. Pachyantha, Vochysia sobralii is more similar to V. sofiae, due to the long petioles, large leaves, and cuspidate leaf apex. But it differs in the cuneate leaf base (vs. obtuse or rounded in V. sofiae) and acute flower bud apex (vs. obtuse). Also, V. sobralii occurs in southern Pará, Brazil, ca. 1,500 km apart from Saint-Georges-de-l’Oyapock, French Guiana, where V. sofiae was collected. A dichotomous key and a link to a multi-access interactive key for all ten species of the section Pachyantha are presented below.

Mahechadendron Ariza-Cortés, Cortés-Ballén & Fern.Alonso, gen. nov. (Figures 1–5). Type species:— Mahechadendron puntecascarillo Ariza-Cortés, Cortés-Ballén & Fern.Alonso Diagnosis:— Mahechadendron differs from other Vochysiaceae genera by the following combination of characters: axillary inflorescences in compound dichasia, compact, only developed laterally, with numerous flowers (16–30); flowers with the fourth sepal basally sacciform, villous-lanose inside, sessile, elliptic and villous petal, stamen with a villous-lanose filament, without staminodes, ovary with two ovules per locule; capsular fruit with exocarp fused to endocarp even at maturity, not brittle, with a thick and persistent central column; one seed per locule, unilaterally winged. Description:— Trees, branchlets subopposite, decussate.Axillary cataphylls at the insertion of terminal branchlets, perulate buds prominent. Stipules minute, caducous. Leaves simple, opposite, distichous, caducous; lamina pinnately veined, villous domatia at the base of basal veins in the lower surface. Inflorescences compound dichasia, axillary, congested, main axis minute, many-flowered. Flowers asymmetrical. Calyx with quincuncial prefloration (aestivation), gamosepalous, with cup-shaped base, forming an angle of 40–60 with the pedicel, five unequal sepals, sepal 4 covering the inner whorls, base saccate, revolute in anthesis, inner surface with white villous-lanose indumentum, sepals 1 and 2 slightly unequal in size, sepals 3 and 5 lightly unequal in size, ovate, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum; corolla with one petal inserted between sepals 3 and 5 (or slightly offset toward sepal 5), white, margin revolute in anthesis, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum; androecium and gynoecium maturing apparently at the same time; androecium of one stamen placed offset towards sepal 3 or 5, filament with villous-lanose indumentum, anther bilocular, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent; gynoecium with superior ovary, trilocular, with white villous-lanose indumentum, placentation axile, ovules 2 per locule, style cylindrical, stigma subcapitate. Fruit a capsule, trilocular, loculicidal, trivalvous, exocarp soft, slightly tuberculate, glabrous, central column thick, persistent, and shorter than valves. Seed 1 per locule, unilaterally winged, phanerocotylar. Etymology:—The first part of the name of this genus is dedicated to Gilberto Emilio Mahecha Vega (1942–2021), a notable Colombian Botanist, expert in dendrology, who founded the Herbarium UDBC. He was a professor of Botany and Dendrology at the Universidad Distrital Francisco José Caldas in Bogotá and trained generations of Forest Engineer students for more than two decades. Additionally, he is one of the most prolific collectors of Colombian trees and collected the Puntecascarillo for the first time in the ‘60s. The second part, “dendron” is the Greek word for tree and relates to the arborescent habit., Published as part of Ariza-Cortés, William, Cortés-B, Rocio & Fernández-Alonso, José Luis, 2022, Mahechadendron puntecascarillo (Vochysiaceae), a new genus and forest tree species from Colombia, pp. 89-112 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6388623

Mahechadendron Ariza-Cortés, Cortés-Ballén & Fern.Alonso, gen. nov. (Figures 1–5). Type species:— Mahechadendron puntecascarillo Ariza-Cortés, Cortés-Ballén & Fern.Alonso Diagnosis:— Mahechadendron differs from other Vochysiaceae genera by the following combination of characters: axillary inflorescences in compound dichasia, compact, only developed laterally, with numerous flowers (16–30); flowers with the fourth sepal basally sacciform, villous-lanose inside, sessile, elliptic and villous petal, stamen with a villous-lanose filament, without staminodes, ovary with two ovules per locule; capsular fruit with exocarp fused to endocarp even at maturity, not brittle, with a thick and persistent central column; one seed per locule, unilaterally winged. Description:— Trees, branchlets subopposite, decussate.Axillary cataphylls at the insertion of terminal branchlets, perulate buds prominent. Stipules minute, caducous. Leaves simple, opposite, distichous, caducous; lamina pinnately veined, villous domatia at the base of basal veins in the lower surface. Inflorescences compound dichasia, axillary, congested, main axis minute, many-flowered. Flowers asymmetrical. Calyx with quincuncial prefloration (aestivation), gamosepalous, with cup-shaped base, forming an angle of 40–60 with the pedicel, five unequal sepals, sepal 4 covering the inner whorls, base saccate, revolute in anthesis, inner surface with white villous-lanose indumentum, sepals 1 and 2 slightly unequal in size, sepals 3 and 5 lightly unequal in size, ovate, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum; corolla with one petal inserted between sepals 3 and 5 (or slightly offset toward sepal 5), white, margin revolute in anthesis, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum; androecium and gynoecium maturing apparently at the same time; androecium of one stamen placed offset towards sepal 3 or 5, filament with villous-lanose indumentum, anther bilocular, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent; gynoecium with superior ovary, trilocular, with white villous-lanose indumentum, placentation axile, ovules 2 per locule, style cylindrical, stigma subcapitate. Fruit a capsule, trilocular, loculicidal, trivalvous, exocarp soft, slightly tuberculate, glabrous, central column thick, persistent, and shorter than valves. Seed 1 per locule, unilaterally winged, phanerocotylar. Etymology:—The first part of the name of this genus is dedicated to Gilberto Emilio Mahecha Vega (1942–2021), a notable Colombian Botanist, expert in dendrology, who founded the Herbarium UDBC. He was a professor of Botany and Dendrology at the Universidad Distrital Francisco José Caldas in Bogotá and trained generations of Forest Engineer students for more than two decades. Additionally, he is one of the most prolific collectors of Colombian trees and collected the Puntecascarillo for the first time in the ‘60s. The second part, “dendron” is the Greek word for tree and relates to the arborescent habit.

Key to the genera of Vochysiaceae 1. Trees with unilocular inferior ovary, samaroid fruits.........................................................................................................................2 - Trees, shrubs or subshrubs with trilocular superior ovary, capsular fruits (Neotropics)...................................................................4 2. Flowers with five petals, fruits with five wings (West Africa)...........................................................................................................3 - Flowers with a single petal, fruits with four wings (Neotropics)............................................................................................. Erisma 3. Calyx with three petaloid sepals and two non-petaloid.............................................................................................. Korupodendron - Calyx with five non-petaloid sepals............................................................................................................................. Erismadelphus 4. Petals 5, branches with 5–9 leaves per node......................................................................................................................... Salvertia - Petals absent, 1 or 3, branches with 2–5(8) leaves per node..............................................................................................................5 5. Petals usually 3, less often absent or 1.................................................................................................................................. Vochysia - Petals 1................................................................................................................................................................................................6 6. Stipules transformed into glands, fruit without a central column......................................................................................................7 - Stipules obsolete, not transformed into glands, fruit with a thick and persistent central column......................................................8 7. Unspurred sepal lobes appressed to the spurred sepal and much shorter than it; anther with unilaterally ciliated theca............................................................................................................................................................................................................... Ruizterania - Unspurred sepal lobes not appressed to the spurred sepal, generally of similar length; anther glabrous or hairy only on back........................................................................................................................................................................................................... Qualea 8. Inflorescences in cincinnus with 1–5 flowers, unguiculate petal, fruits with brittle exocarp that separates unevenly from the endocarp, circularly winged seeds..................................................................................................................................... Callisthene - Inflorescences in compound dichasia with more than 16 flowers, sessile petal, fruits with exocarp soft, not brittle, not separated from the endocarp, unilaterally winged seeds.......................................................................................................... Mahechadendron, Published as part of Ariza-Cortés, William, Cortés-B, Rocio & Fernández-Alonso, José Luis, 2022, Mahechadendron puntecascarillo (Vochysiaceae), a new genus and forest tree species from Colombia, pp. 89-112 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on page 108, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6388623

The new genus and species Mahechadendron puntecascarillo are described based on specimens first collected in the ‘60s but only recently found with flowers and fruits. It grows in the moist forests of the Middle Magdalena River in Colombia. The highly durable wood of this forest tree species is still used intensively for construction. Morphological and rbcL sequence data place this genus in the Vochysiaceae, most likely closely related to Callisthene. Mahechadendron shows inflorescences in compound dichasia, compact, only developed laterally, traits not previously recorded in this family. Mahechadendron puntecascarillo exhibits the tiniest flowers known in the Vochysiaceae, with the fourth sepal basally sacciform, and copious villous-lanose indumentum in the internal portions of the fourth sepal, petal, filament, and ovary; the flowers also have the single petal non-clawed, a feature not very common in Vochysiaceae. In addition, the capsular fruit has a thick and persistent central column, and the exocarp is fused to the endocarp even at maturity, with seeds unilaterally winged. Moreover, this species bears mirror-image flowers, indicating enantiostyly, a sexual polymorphism already known in some Vochysiaceae. The conservation status suggested for the new species is Endangered (EN). A key to the genera of Vochysiaceae is provided.

Mahechadendron puntecascarillo Ariza-Cortés, Cortés-Ballén & Fern.Alonso, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–5). Type: — COLOMBIA. Santander: Mun. Cimitarra, Vereda Bonanza, Finca El Jardín. En relictos de bosque sobre colinas disectadas, con pendientes fuertes. Altitud: 200–300 m, 25 March 2019, (fl), W. Ariza-Cortés 8450 (holotype UDBC!; isotypes COL!, CUVC!, FMB!, HUA!, JAUM!, UIS!, UDBC!, UPTC!). [Inflorescences and wood samples deposited in the UDBC complementary wet collection -Anthoteca-, and in the Xyloteca José Anatolio Lastra, respectively]. Tree, deciduous, (16)20–28(35) m tall, (40)70–120(190) cm in diameter, trunk base canaliculate or with poorly developed rounded fins; trunk reddish-brown (inside the forest) or dark gray (at full sun exposure), white-spotted, slightly canaliculate, rhytidome slightly fissured, with thin plates, living bark thin, cream. Wood dense and heavy, heartwood dark maroon, sapwood cream. Crown small, loose foliage, branchlets subopposite, decussate, exfoliating in thin flakes; terminal branchlets distichous, subopposite, shortly villous in two longitudinal rows becoming glabrescent in older branchlets, axillary cataphylls at the insertion of terminal branchlets, perulate buds prominent, glabrous. Stipules minute (Leaves simple, opposite, distichous; petiole slightly canaliculate, strigulose mainly on the upper surface, 1.5–3 mm long, 0.7–1.1 mm in diameter; lamina light green, coriaceous, shiny adaxially, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 3–11 cm long, 0.6–2.5 cm wide, base attenuate or subcordate, apex acuminate or mucronate, margin entire, slightly revolute, young leaves pubescent with ciliate margin, mature leaves glabrescent; lamina pinnately veined, main vein flat or slightly sulcate adaxially, prominent abaxially, glabrous or hairy from base to the lamina center, secondary veins brochidodromous, 11–21 vein pairs, spaced irregularly, prominulous adaxially, prominent abaxially, about straight, bending toward the margin, often with villous domatia at the base of basal veins in the lower surface, tertiary veins reticulate, quaternary veins open. Inflorescences compound dichasia, congested, axillary, often rising from buds protected by cataphylls; peduncle 1–2 mm long, 0.7–0.8 mm in diameter, secondary and tertiary rachis very short, (8)16–26(30) flowers; bracts ovate to deltoid, margin ciliate, strigose, 0.4–0.5 mm long, 0.45–0.5 mm wide, bracteoles 0–3, at pedicel base, the central larger, 0.3–0.4 mm long, 0.3–0.4 mm wide, partially covering the two smaller lateral ones, 0.2–0.3 mm long, 0.2–0.3 mm wide; pedicels slightly canaliculated, (0.3)0.8– 1.2(1.5) mm, strigose. Flower bud ovoid, base oblique, (0.9)1.4–3(3.3) mm long, (1)1.1–2(2.5) mm wide. Flowers asymmetrical, calyx with quincuncial prefloration (aestivation), gamosepalous, cup-shaped base, five unequal lobes, sepal 4 cream or yellow, covering the inner whorls, base saccate, revolute in anthesis, 2.5–3 mm long (extended), inner surface with villous-lanose indument, hairs long, sinuous, white, glabrescent toward the base, externally strigose; sepals 1 and 2 green, margin whitish, ovate to orbicular, slightly unequal in size, 0.4–0.7 mm long, 0.4–0.6 mm wide, strigose, margin ciliate; sepals 3 and 5 cream to green, margin whitish, ovate, slightly unequal in size, ovate, 0.5–1.2 mm long, 0.6–1 mm wide, externally strigose, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum; corolla with one petal, white to cream, slightly fleshy, inserted between sepals 3 and 5 (or slightly offset toward sepal 5), sessile, oblongelliptic, margin revolute in anthesis, 2–2.4 mm long, 1–1.7 mm wide, inner surface with villous-lanose indumentum, strigose externally; androecium of one stamen placed offset towards the sepal 3 or 5, 2– 3.2 mm long, filament flattened or elliptic, with white villous-lanose indumentum, base slightly inflated, up to 0.4 mm in diameter, 1.2–2.2 mm long, anther bilocular, oblique, reniform, 0.6–0.9 mm long, 0.7–1 mm wide, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent; gynoecium with superior ovary, ovoid, slightly flattened, 1–1.5 mm long, with white villous-lanose indumentum, trichomes 1.2–2 mm long, trilocular, ovules 2 per locule, style cylindrical, up to 1.6 mm long, stigma terminal, subcapitate. Fruit a capsule, oblong, base and apex acute to slightly round, 2–3 cm long, 0.6–0.9 cm in diameter, trivalvous, dehiscing from apex to base, exocarp soft, slightly tuberculate, glabrous, central column persistent, oblong, trigonous, with acute angles, slightly winged. Seed 1 per locule, 1–2 aborted (1–2 per fruit), linear-oblong, 1.4–2.6 cm long, 0.4–0.7 cm wide, apical wing, glabrous, seed chamber basal, phanerocotylar. Germination epigeal. Seedling, hypocotyl maroon to purple, basally terete, becoming quadrangular toward cotyledon insertion, densely pilose; cotyledons opposite, petiole reddish, flattened to slightly canaliculate adaxially, laminas isophyllous, orbicular, base cordate, margin undulate, reddish, 2–2.9 cm long, 1.2–1.6 cm wide, 3–5 basal veins, reddish, impressed adaxially, prominent abaxially, first true leaves lanceolate, densely pilose, central vein reddish. Distribution and ecology:— Mahechadendron puntecascarillo has been collected in the middle Valley of the Magdalena River, in the Departments of Santander and Norte de Santander in Colombia (Fig. 6). However, we have seen photographs of individuals in Puerto Berrío (Antioquia), and Puerto Boyacá (Boyacá). It grows on dissected steep hills slopes in tropical moist forest. Some common tree species in these forests are Brachycylix vageleri (Harms 1925: 291) Cowan (1975: 464), Virola sebifera Aublet (1775b: 904–905), Pouteria cuspidata (A. Candolle 1844: 183) Baehni (1942: 231–232), Brownea santanderensis Quiñones (1995: 19–21), Swartzia oraria Cowan (1967: 163), and several species of Eschweilera Martius ex Candolle (1828: 293). Few seedlings and young individuals were observed close to adults inside the forest but not in open areas. Phenology:—Flower specimens have been collected from February to April and fruiting collections from April to June. Suggested conservation status:—The area of occupancy of M. puntecascarillo is close to 80,000 km 2. This species grows in a region with continuous forest degradation, and its highly durable wood is still used intensively for construction (Fig. 7).We consider it meets four of the criteria for the category of Endangered (EN; criteria A2cd; B1a+2a), related to reducing population size and area of occupancy (IUCN 2012) due to forest loss and fragmentation. Etymology:—Specific epithet refers to the common name of this species. Spanish prefix “punte” is locally used to forest tree species with highly durable wood, while “cascarillo” means that the cortex fell apart in shells. Paratypes: — COLOMBIA. Norte de Santander: La Esperanza, límite entre las veredas Morrocoyes y Raiceros, 7.619811°N, 73.375466°W, 202 m, 25 May 2021, D. Sánchez 250 (HUA!). Santander: Cimitarra, vereda Oponcito, Finca La Primavera, árbol aislado en potrero, 100–200 m, 6°25´28” – 73°55´22”, 3 December 2019, L. Carvajal et al. 4086 (UDBC!); Puerto Araujo, árbol aislado en potrero, cerca a la autopista Ruta del Sol, 200 m, 6°29´N – 74°10´W, 20 June 2012 (fr.), W. Ariza-Cortés 3330 (UDBC!); Carare-Opón, June 1969 (fr.), G. Mahecha s.n. (UDBC-11876!); Carare-Opón, 1969, R. Abascal & R. Juyó s.n. (UDBC-3289!); Sabana de Torres, límite entre las veredas Cristales y Payoa Cinco, 7.282009°N, 73.490404°W, 186 m, 11 May 2021 (fr.), J. M. Cárdenas 2206 (HUA!); Vereda San Rafael de Payoa, 7.188020°N, 73.507801°W, 169 m, 5 April 2021, J.F. Hernández 489 (HUA!)., Published as part of Ariza-Cortés, William, Cortés-B, Rocio & Fernández-Alonso, José Luis, 2022, Mahechadendron puntecascarillo (Vochysiaceae), a new genus and forest tree species from Colombia, pp. 89-112 in Phytotaxa 541 (2) on pages 93-100, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6388623, {"references":["Harms, H. A. T. (1925) Vermischte Diagnosen II. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem 9 (84): 291 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3994413","Cowan, R. S. (1975) Brachycylix, a new genus of tropical Leguminosae (Caesalpinioideae). Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C: Biological and Medical Sciences 78 (5): 464 - 467.","Aublet, J. B. C. F. (1775 b) Histoire des plantes de la Guiane Francoise 2. Pierre-Francoise Didot jeune, London & Paris, 160 pp.","Candolle, A. L .. de (1844) Sideroxylon. In: Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis Vol. 8. Fortin & Masson, Paris. pp. 177 - 186.","Baehni, C. (1942) Memoires sur les Sapotacees 2: Le genre Pouteria. Candollea 9: 147 - 476.","Quinones, L. M. (1995) Dos especies nuevas del genero Brownea (Leguminosae- Caesalpinioideae). Caldasia 18 (86): 17 - 22.","Cowan, R. S. (1967) Swartzia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae Swartzieae). Flora Neotropica 1: 1 - 228. [New York Botanical Garden Press]","Candolle, A. P. de (1828) Eschweilera. In: Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis Vol. 3. Treuttel & Wurtz, Paris. pp. 293.","IUCN (2012) The IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3. 1. 2 nd Ed. Gland & Cambridge, U. K. IUCN Species Survival Commission."]}

Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki, Rodrigues, Licléia Da Cruz, Yamamoto, Kikyo (2012): Vochysia microphylla (Vochysiaceae), a new species from Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Phytotaxa 56 (1): 10-14, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.56.1.3, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.56.1.3

In this study, the host-plant range of Onciderini beetles was investigated during 4 years in an Atlantic rainforest of southeastern Brazil. Twelve species of Onciderini beetles girdled thirty-six plant species in the study site. In total, 1046 plants were girdled by Onciderini beetles as follows: 44.6% were Vochysiaceae, 15% were Mymosaceae, 12% were Melastomataceae, 9% were Lauraceae, 4% were Anacardiaceae and 15% were distributed among Meliaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Bombacaceae, Fabaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Cecropiaceae, Myrtaceae, Lecythidaceae, and Myrsinaceae. Onciderini beetles did not select hosts randomly. Most of the associations (70%) with host plants were caused by polyphagous beetles and different plant families showed different ratios of polyphagous, oligophagous and monophagous Onciderini in the study site.

Qualea glaberrima Ducke (1915: 46) [= Ruizterania albiflora (Warm. 1875: 36 ) Marcano-Berti (1969: 9) (Vochysiaceae)]. Lectotype (designated here ): —BRAZIL. Pará: Belém, 29 September 1914 , A. Ducke 15491 (MG, duplicates : RB 2 sheets, US). Syntype: A. Ducke 15550 (MG)., Published as part of Leal, Eduardo Da Silva, Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da & Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini, 2010, Lectotypification of the taxa of Adolpho Ducke from the Brazilian Amazon, pp. 49-55 in Phytotaxa 13 on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.13.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4778674, {"references":["Ducke, A. (1922) Plantes Nouvelles ou peu connues de la region amazonienne. II Serie. Archivos do Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro 3: 1 - 281.","Harms, H. (1894) Araliaceae. In: Engler, H. G. A. & Prantl, K. A. E. (eds.) Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien III, vol. 8, Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, Germany, pp. 1 - 62."]}

Vochysia paraensis Huber ex Ducke (1915: 44) [= Vochysia guianensis Aublet (1775: 18) (Vochysiaceae)]. Lectotype (designated here):—BRAZIL. Pará: Belém, December 1896, J. Huber HAMP 538 (RB, duplicate: US). Syntypes: M. Guedes 1998 (MG?), J. Huber 4978 (MG?), A. Goeldi 6979 (MG?) and A. Ducke 15548 (MG)., Published as part of Leal, Eduardo Da Silva, Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da & Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini, 2010, Lectotypification of the taxa of Adolpho Ducke from the Brazilian Amazon, pp. 49-55 in Phytotaxa 13 on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.13.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4778674

Vochysia obidensis Ducke (1922: 193) (Vochysiaceae). Lectotype (designated here ): —BRAZIL. Pará: Óbidos, 10 August 1916 , A. Ducke 16316 (MG, duplicates : RB, S). Syntype: A. Ducke 7220 (MG, RB)., Published as part of Leal, Eduardo Da Silva, Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da & Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini, 2010, Lectotypification of the taxa of Adolpho Ducke from the Brazilian Amazon, pp. 49-55 in Phytotaxa 13 on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.13.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4778674, {"references":["Ducke, A. (1915) Plantes Nouvelles ou peu connues de la region amazonienne. I Serie. Archivos do Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro 1: 5 - 57.","Aublet, J. B. C. F. (1775) Histoire des plantes de la Guiane francaise rangees suivant la methode sexuelle 1: 1 - 621."]}