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Hyptiotes nonggang new species Figures 2–9 Type material: Holotype (HNU540): ♁ CHINA, Guangxi Autonomous Region, Chongzuo City, Longzhou County, Nonggang National Reserve, Xiangshui Protection Station, 22°26.13'N, 107°1.43'E, 262m, 1 XI, 2017, Ailan He, Keke Liu, Qu Cai, Jihe Liu, Jinxin Liu and Zongguang Huang leg. Paratypes: 1♀ (HNU541), the same collecting information as holotype; 3♁ 3♀ (HNU542–547) Nonggang National Reserve, Nonggang Protection Station, 22°27.84'N, 106°55.95'E, 228m, 26 X, 2017, collected by the same people as above. Etymology. The species epithet is derived from the type locality, Nonggang National Reserve, Guangxi, China. Diagnosis. The male of the new species resembles that of Hyptiotes dentatus Wunderlich 2008 in having two tegular apophyses, and a very long embolus circling around the bulb for more than one circle but can be distinguished from each other by different positions of origin of embolus and different shapes of tegular apophyses 2 (TE2) and terminal apophyses (TA): embolus approximately originated from the seven o’clock and so can be seen in the prolateral view of palpal organ in the new species (Figs 4A, 5A), while embolus approximately originated at the nine o’clock (the right palp described in Wunderlich, 2008) and can be seen in the prolateral view of palpal organ in H. dentatus (Wunderlich 2008: fig. 9); TE2 extended flat, extending transversely in the new species (Figs 4C, 5C), while TE2 slender, extending longitudinally in H. dentatus (Wunderlich 2008: figs 8, 9); TA highly sclerotized, like an macrosetae in the new species (Figs 4C, 5C), while TA wide and flat, membranous and translucent in H. dentatus (Wunderlich 2008: figs 8, 9). The male of the new species also resembles that of H. paradoxus but can be distinguished easily from each other by median apophysis (MA) and TE2: MA with a wide apical part in new species (Figs 4C, 5C), while with a narrow apical part in H. paradoxus (Figs 12C, 13C). TE2 with only one end in new species (Figs 4C, 5C), while with two ends in H. paradoxus (Figs 12C, 13C). The female of the new species resembles that of Hyptiotes gerhardti Wiehle 1929 in having similar receptacula (R), and long and twisted copulatory ducts (CD), but can be distinguished from each other by the number of loops of accessory glands (AG) and the developed degrees of median ridge (MR), AG twisted to form at least 7 regular loops around receptaculum in the new species (Figs 8B, 9B), while AG twisted, but not to form regular loops in H. gerhardti (Wunderlich 2017: fig. 14). MR weak in the new species (Fig. 8C), while MR developed in H. gerhardti (Wunderlich 2017: figs 13, 14). The obvious difference between the females of new species and H. paradoxus is that MR of the new species is inconspicuous (Fig. 8C), while that of the latter is distinct (Fig. 16C). Description. Male. Total length 2.83, carapace 1.08 long, 1.13 wide, abdomen 2.58 long, 2.04 wide. Carapace deep brown, nearly triangular, narrow anteriorly, and sparsely covered with plumose setae. Clypeus slightly light in color, with two brown longitudinal strips in front of ALE (The position pointed by the red arrows in Figs 2A, 3A). Eye area strongly elevated. Fovea wide and deep. Eight eyes are present, but ALE degenerated, only dark red marks remained. Posterior border of MOA about six times of the anterior border in width. Eye diameters: AME 0.06, PME 0.12, PLE 0.13, AME-AME 0.02, AME-PME 0.22, PME-PME 0.56, PME-PLE 0.31, PLE-PLE 0.91 (Figs 2A, C; 3A). Endite almost as long as wide. Labium triangular. Sternum yellow, shield-shaped, with a posterior hump (Fig. 2B). Legs brown dorsally and yellowish ventrally, bearing many strong bristles (Fig. 2A, B). Femur III with a row of trichobothria dorsally and metatarsus IV with calamistrum dorsally (Fig. 3C, D). Leg formula 1423. Leg measurements: I 3.49 (1.18, 0.36, 0.81, 0.84, 0.3); II 2.44 (0.87, 0.31, 0.32, 0.67, 0.27); III 2.06 (0.67, 0.21, 0.31, 0.53, 0.34); IV 2.70 (0.83, 0.37, 0.55, 0.67, 0.28). Abdomen oval, light yellow, covered with short setae and plumose setae, and dorsally with irregular dark spots and two rows of white dots in the middle line; ventrally, anterior spinnerets much larger than others. Cribellum wide, close to spinnerets. (Figs 2B, C; 3B). Palp (Figs 4, 5). Terminal apophysis sclerotized and bending towards prolateral side. Median apophysis strong, highly sclerotized, with the apical part rolled towards both base and venter. Tegular apophysis 1 membranous, transversely extending and slightly twisting. Tegular apophysis 2 strong sclerotized, transversely extending, with a slender apical end bending towards base. Conductor consisting of two parts: one part with a strong sclerotized apical part; the other part membranous, gradually becoming narrow. Embolus extremely long, with the original point be seen in the prolateral side. Cymbium long and narrow, with numerous of long setae. Patella and tibia with a strong bristle each and tibia also with a tuft of neat and long setae. Female: Total length 3.25, carapace 1.14 long, 1.17 wide, abdomen 2.58 long, 2.04 wide. Carapace light brown. Eye diameters: AME 0.08, PME 0.13, PLE 0.2, AME-AME 0.05, AME-PME 0.21, PME-PME 0.76, PME-PLE 0.13, PLE-PLE 1.2 (Figs 1A, C; 2A). Leg measurements: I 3.49 (1.18, 0.36, 0.81, 0.84, 0.3); II 2.44 (0.87, 0.31, 0.32, 0.67, 0.27); III 2.06 (0.67, 0.21, 0.31, 0.53, 0.34); IV 2.70 (0.83, 0.37, 0.55, 0.67, 0.28). The other features of cephalothorax and legs resemble those of the male (Figs 6, 7A). Abdomen oval, with middle area projecting upwards (Fig. 6C). White patches covering throughout abdomen (Fig. 6). Anterior spinnerets much larger than others. Cribellum close to spinnerets and relatively larger than that of male (Figs 6B, 7B). Epigynum (Figs 8, 9): Epigynum posterior face plate lightly sclerotized with an inconspicuous median ridge (MR). Copulatory opening long and narrow. Copulatory duct sclerotized and twisted. Accessory glands twisting around the receptaculum to form seven loops. Receptaculum spherical. Distribution. China (Guangxi) (Fig. 18), Published as part of Huang, Zongguang, Yin, Haiqiang, Cai, Qu & Xu, Xiang, 2023, Two species of hackled-orb web spider genus Hyptiotes (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Guangxi, China, pp. 65-84 in Zootaxa 5311 (1) on pages 67-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5311.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/8090355, {"references":["Wunderlich, J. (2008) Revision of the European species of the spider genus Hyptiotes Walckenaer 1837 (Araneae: Uloboridae). Beitrage zur Araneologie, 5, 676 - 684 + 800 + 867.","Wiehle, H. (1929) Weitere Beitrage zur Biologie der Araneen insbesondere zur Kenntnis der Radnetzbaues. Zeitschrift fur Morphologie und Okologie der Tiere, 15 (1 - 2), 262 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00403104","Wunderlich, J. (2017) Descriptions, notes and synonyms of some mainly Mediterranean and Macaronesian spiders (Araneae) of various families. Beitrage zur Araneologie, 10, 298 - 326 + 354."]}

Huang, Zongguang, Yin, Haiqiang, Cai, Qu, Xu, Xiang (2023): Two species of hackled-orb web spider genus Hyptiotes (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Guangxi, China. Zootaxa 5311 (1): 65-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5311.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5311.1.3

Hyptiotes nonggang new species Figures 2–9 Type material: Holotype (HNU540): ♁ CHINA, Guangxi Autonomous Region, Chongzuo City, Longzhou County, Nonggang National Reserve, Xiangshui Protection Station, 22°26.13'N, 107°1.43'E, 262m, 1 XI, 2017, Ailan He, Keke Liu, Qu Cai, Jihe Liu, Jinxin Liu and Zongguang Huang leg. Paratypes: 1♀ (HNU541), the same collecting information as holotype; 3♁ 3♀ (HNU542–547) Nonggang National Reserve, Nonggang Protection Station, 22°27.84'N, 106°55.95'E, 228m, 26 X, 2017, collected by the same people as above. Etymology. The species epithet is derived from the type locality, Nonggang National Reserve, Guangxi, China. Diagnosis. The male of the new species resembles that of Hyptiotes dentatus Wunderlich 2008 in having two tegular apophyses, and a very long embolus circling around the bulb for more than one circle but can be distinguished from each other by different positions of origin of embolus and different shapes of tegular apophyses 2 (TE2) and terminal apophyses (TA): embolus approximately originated from the seven o’clock and so can be seen in the prolateral view of palpal organ in the new species (Figs 4A, 5A), while embolus approximately originated at the nine o’clock (the right palp described in Wunderlich, 2008) and can be seen in the prolateral view of palpal organ in H. dentatus (Wunderlich 2008: fig. 9); TE2 extended flat, extending transversely in the new species (Figs 4C, 5C), while TE2 slender, extending longitudinally in H. dentatus (Wunderlich 2008: figs 8, 9); TA highly sclerotized, like an macrosetae in the new species (Figs 4C, 5C), while TA wide and flat, membranous and translucent in H. dentatus (Wunderlich 2008: figs 8, 9). The male of the new species also resembles that of H. paradoxus but can be distinguished easily from each other by median apophysis (MA) and TE2: MA with a wide apical part in new species (Figs 4C, 5C), while with a narrow apical part in H. paradoxus (Figs 12C, 13C). TE2 with only one end in new species (Figs 4C, 5C), while with two ends in H. paradoxus (Figs 12C, 13C). The female of the new species resembles that of Hyptiotes gerhardti Wiehle 1929 in having similar receptacula (R), and long and twisted copulatory ducts (CD), but can be distinguished from each other by the number of loops of accessory glands (AG) and the developed degrees of median ridge (MR), AG twisted to form at least 7 regular loops around receptaculum in the new species (Figs 8B, 9B), while AG twisted, but not to form regular loops in H. gerhardti (Wunderlich 2017: fig. 14). MR weak in the new species (Fig. 8C), while MR developed in H. gerhardti (Wunderlich 2017: figs 13, 14). The obvious difference between the females of new species and H. paradoxus is that MR of the new species is inconspicuous (Fig. 8C), while that of the latter is distinct (Fig. 16C). Description. Male. Total length 2.83, carapace 1.08 long, 1.13 wide, abdomen 2.58 long, 2.04 wide. Carapace deep brown, nearly triangular, narrow anteriorly, and sparsely covered with plumose setae. Clypeus slightly light in color, with two brown longitudinal strips in front of ALE (The position pointed by the red arrows in Figs 2A, 3A). Eye area strongly elevated. Fovea wide and deep. Eight eyes are present, but ALE degenerated, only dark red marks remained. Posterior border of MOA about six times of the anterior border in width. Eye diameters: AME 0.06, PME 0.12, PLE 0.13, AME-AME 0.02, AME-PME 0.22, PME-PME 0.56, PME-PLE 0.31, PLE-PLE 0.91 (Figs 2A, C; 3A). Endite almost as long as wide. Labium triangular. Sternum yellow, shield-shaped, with a posterior hump (Fig. 2B). Legs brown dorsally and yellowish ventrally, bearing many strong bristles (Fig. 2A, B). Femur III with a row of trichobothria dorsally and metatarsus IV with calamistrum dorsally (Fig. 3C, D). Leg formula 1423. Leg measurements: I 3.49 (1.18, 0.36, 0.81, 0.84, 0.3); II 2.44 (0.87, 0.31, 0.32, 0.67, 0.27); III 2.06 (0.67, 0.21, 0.31, 0.53, 0.34); IV 2.70 (0.83, 0.37, 0.55, 0.67, 0.28). Abdomen oval, light yellow, covered with short setae and plumose setae, and dorsally with irregular dark spots and two rows of white dots in the middle line; ventrally, anterior spinnerets much larger than others. Cribellum wide, close to spinnerets. (Figs 2B, C; 3B). Palp (Figs 4, 5). Terminal apophysis sclerotized and bending towards prolateral side. Median apophysis strong, highly sclerotized, with the apical part rolled towards both base and venter. Tegular apophysis 1 membranous, transversely extending and slightly twisting. Tegular apophysis 2 strong sclerotized, transversely extending, with a slender apical end bending towards base. Conductor consisting of two parts: one part with a strong sclerotized apical part; the other part membranous, gradually becoming narrow. Embolus extremely long, with the original point be seen in the prolateral side. Cymbium long and narrow, with numerous of long setae. Patella and tibia with a strong bristle each and tibia also with a tuft of neat and long setae. Female: Total length 3.25, carapace 1.14 long, 1.17 wide, abdomen 2.58 long, 2.04 wide. Carapace light brown. Eye diameters: AME 0.08, PME 0.13, PLE 0.2, AME-AME 0.05, AME-PME 0.21, PME-PME 0.76, PME-PLE 0.13, PLE-PLE 1.2 (Figs 1A, C; 2A). Leg measurements: I 3.49 (1.18, 0.36, 0.81, 0.84, 0.3); II 2.44 (0.87, 0.31, 0.32, 0.67, 0.27); III 2.06 (0.67, 0.21, 0.31, 0.53, 0.34); IV 2.70 (0.83, 0.37, 0.55, 0.67, 0.28). The other features of cephalothorax and legs resemble those of the male (Figs 6, 7A). Abdomen oval, with middle area projecting upwards (Fig. 6C). White patches covering throughout abdomen (Fig. 6). Anterior spinnerets much larger than others. Cribellum close to spinnerets and relatively larger than that of male (Figs 6B, 7B). Epigynum (Figs 8, 9): Epigynum posterior face plate lightly sclerotized with an inconspicuous median ridge (MR). Copulatory opening long and narrow. Copulatory duct sclerotized and twisted. Accessory glands twisting around the receptaculum to form seven loops. Receptaculum spherical. Distribution. China (Guangxi) (Fig. 18)

Hyptiotes paradoxus (C. L. Koch, 1834) Figures 10–17 Material examined. All the following specimens were collected in CHINA, Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning City, Wuming County, Damingshan National Reserve by Ailan He, Keke Liu, Jihe Liu, Jinxin Liu, Zongguang Huang and Huijuan Sheng: 1♁ 1♀ (HNU548–549), Daxiagu Valley, 23°36.61'N, 108°22.19'E, 914m, 2 XI, 2018; 2♀ (HNU550–551), Xiyan Protection Station, 23°27.72'N, 108°30.22'E, 808m, 8 XI, 2018; 1♀ (HNU552), Sanbao Protection Station, 23°31.61'N, 108°22.19'E, 915m, 2 XI, 2018. Description. Male: Total length 3.56, carapace 1.86 long, 1.82 wide, abdomen 2.02 long, 1.42 wide. Carapace deep brown, sparsely covered with plumose setae. Eye area elevated. Fovea wide and deep. Eight eyes are present, but ALE degenerated, only with dark marks existed. Posterior eye row recurved. PLE situated on tubercles. Posterior border of MOA about six times anterior border in width. Eye diameters:AME 0.07, PME 0.14, PLE 0.18,AME-AME 0.03, AME-PME 0.41, PME-PME 0.85, PME-PLE 0.27, PLE-PLE 1.56 (Figs 10A, C; 11A). Endites almost as long as wide. Labium triangle. Sternum brown, shield-shaped, with a posterior hump (Fig. 10B). Legs brown dorsally and light brown ventrally, bearing many strong bristles. Leg formula 1423 (Fig. 10A, B). Leg measurements: I 5.10 (1.70, 0.53, 1.88, 0.6, 0.39); II 3.31 (1.13, 0.54, 0.61, 0.68, 0.35); III 2.95 (1.00, 0.42, 0.50, 0.70, 0.33); IV 3.69 (1.15, 0.54, 0.82, 0.89, 0.29). Abdomen oval, dark color, covered with thick and short setae, and sparse plumose setae. Yellowish-brown patches present both on the dorsum and venter. Anterior spinnerets much larger than others. Cribellum wide, close to spinnerets (Figs 10; 11B). Palp (Figs 12, 13). Terminal apophysis sclerotized, the base strong and the tip bending to prolateral of palp. Median apophysis sclerotized, with the apical end rolled to form a hook. Tegular apophyses sclerotized. TE1 long and thin and TE2 with the apical end divided into two small tips. Conductor consisting of two parts: one part long, with a membranous swelling and a strong sclerotized apical end; the other part membranous, gradually narrowed. Embolus extremely long and longitudinally circling around bulb for about one and a half loops. Cymbium long and narrow, with extremely long setae. Patella with a strong bristle. Female: Total length 3.97, carapace 1.47 long, 1.62 wide, abdomen 3.24 long, 2.08 wide. Carapace dark brown, with part of the posterior obscured by abdomen extending forward. Eye diameters: AME 0.08, PME 0.18, PLE 0.2, AME-AME 0.05, AME-PME 0.34, PME-PME 0.85, PME-PLE 0.21, PLE-PLE 1.51 (Figs 14A, C; 15A). Leg formula 1423. Leg measurements: 4.20 (1.41, 0.55, 0.86, 0.98, 0.40); II 3.59 (1.18, 0.48, 0.51, 0.79, 0.36); III 2.53 (0.76, 0.35, 0.46, 0.61, 0.35); IV 3.81 (1.26, 0.52, 0.81, 0.85, 0.37). The other features of cephalothorax and legs resemble those of the male (Figs 14, 15A). Abdomen yellowish, dorsally with a pair of large dark brown patches and three pair of small dark brown spots (Fig. 14). Abdomen extends a short distance after the spinnerets. Anterior spinnerets much larger than others. Cribellum isn’t in a normal condition and only its anterior rim is shown. Maybe the reason is that when the specimen was preserved, the muscles attached to cribellum contracted and pulled the cribellum towards the dorsum. (Fig. 15B). Epigynum (Figs 16, 17): Epigynum posterior face plate lightly sclerotized, with a distinct median ridge (MR). Copulatory opening long and narrow. Copulatory duct sclerotized and twisting. Receptaculum spherical, circled by accessory glands about four loops. Distribution. China (Guangxi, Anhui, Hunan, Sichuan, Zhejiang) Europe, Turkey, Caucasus (Fig. 18)., Published as part of Huang, Zongguang, Yin, Haiqiang, Cai, Qu & Xu, Xiang, 2023, Two species of hackled-orb web spider genus Hyptiotes (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Guangxi, China, pp. 65-84 in Zootaxa 5311 (1) on pages 73-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5311.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/8090355, {"references":["Koch, C. L. (1834) Arachniden. In: Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W. (Ed.), Deutschlands Insecten. Heft 122 - 126. Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg. [unknown pagination] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15007"]}

Philoponella feroka (Bradoo, 1979) new combination Figs 1–8 Uloborus ferokus Bradoo, 1979: 354, figs 1–8 (holotype female and paratypes deposited at Department of Zoology, University Centre, Calicut, not traceable and may be lost (personal communication through Dr. Shibu Vardhan, Head of the Department of Zoology, Calicut University), not examined. Type material. Holotype female from INDIA: Kerala: Calicut, Feroke (11.1735°N, 75.8352°E), 12.xi.1968, B.L. Bradoo. Paratypes: 17 males and 23 females. Other material examined: INDIA: Kerala: 2 ♂♂ & 2 ♀♀ (KUDZEN) from Alappuzha, Kuttanad, Edthuva (9.36128°N, 76.45049°E), N. Babu leg., 15.i.2021; Andhra Pradesh: 1♂ and 1♀ (APU) from Chittoor, Madanpalle (13.629749ºN, 78.451408ºE), M. Jani & D. Uma leg., 15.ii.2020; 1♂ & 1♀ (APU) from Chittoor, Kuppam (12.75885ºN, 78.342094ºE), M. Jani leg., 12.ii.2020; Gujarat: 4 ♂♂ and 5♀♀ (APU) from Anand District (22.517676º N, 72.961858º E), M, Jani leg., 14.ix.2020; Karnataka: 3♂♂ & 2♀♀ (APU) from Bangalore (12.729833º N, 77.629219º E), M. Jani & D. Uma leg., 26.i.2020. Diagnosis. The species resembles Philoponella nasuta (Thorell, 1895), but can be distinguished by the broad region of anterio-basal protrusion of median apophysis spur (slightly tapering in P. nasuta) and thinner median hematodocha (broader in P. nasuta); the females can be easily distinguished by the long, thin copulatory ducts (spiral in P. nasuta) (cf. Figs 3–5, 6–7 with figs 3–11 in Zhou et al., 2020). Description. For detailed description, see Bradoo (1979). Supplementary description. Male (Figs 1, 2–5). Total length 3.86. Prosoma 1.73 long, 1.63 wide; opisthosoma 2.13 long, 1.72 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.06; ALE 0.07; PME 0.06; PLE 0.03; AME-AME 0.07; AME-ALE 0.12; ALE-PLE 0.15; PME-PME 0.06; PME-PLE 0.10. Clypeus height 0.21. Carapace slightly convex. Legs pale orange, with annular distal dark bands. Measurement of palp and legs: palp 1.96 (0.82, 0.22, 0.28, 0.64), leg I 3.33 (1.01, 0.20, 0.80, 0.90, 0.42); II 1.96 (0.65, 0.12, 0.51, 0.37, 0.31), III 1.38 (0.50, 0.14, 0.22, 0.25, 0.27); IV 2.0 (0.80, 0.20, 0.39, 0.33, 0.28). Leg formula 1423. Opisthosoma longer than wide, dorsal surface orange-brown with three pairs of pale white dots; ventrally blackish. Palp with retrolateral femoral apophysis; median apophysis bulb swollen; embolus filiform and coiled around median apophysis bulb; conductor spike beak-like (Figs 3–5). Female (Figs 2, 6–7). Total length 4.27. Prosoma 1.47 long, 1.2 wide; abdomen 2.80 long, 2.13 wide. Carapace greyish and slightly convex. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05; ALE 0.09; PME 0.06; PLE 0.03; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.14, ALE-PLE 0.15, PME-PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.10. Clypeus 0.08 high. Sternum light brown, and longer than wide. Legs slender, with dark annular bands. Measurement of palp and legs: palp 1.81 (0.71, 0.29, 0.35, 0.46), leg I 3.17 (1.15, 0.16, 1.12, 0.90, 0.38); II 2.49 (0.85, 0.11, 0.80, 0.39, 0.34); III 1.71 (0.72, 0.13, 0.30, 0.29, 0.27); IV 2.63 (1.12, 0.14, 0.71, 0.37, 0.29). Opisthosoma slightly broad in front and arched in the middle region, with three pairs of white spots. Epigynum with large atrium, slightly triangular anteriorly; copulatory openings present along the posterior margin on either sides of atrium; copulatory ducts long, convoluted and meandering; spermathecae small and globular (Figs 6–7). Natural history. One to several individuals of Philoponella feroka were found on the webs of the social spider Stegodyphus sarasinorum. Sometimes they were also seen on their own webs built in the gaps of S. sarasinorum webs. Individuals were seen capturing and consuming small prey that were trapped on the webs of S. sarasinorum. Adult males, females and juveniles of P. feroka were seen on S. sarasinorum webs in different habitats including paddy fields, fences, and shrubs found next to the highway in Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat (Fig. 8). Distribution. Previously known only from Kerala State, India. The present study reveals its presence in three more Indian States (Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Karnataka) (Fig. 8) and may perhaps occur throughout the Deccan peninsula. Justification for transfer. The species has the following characters of the genus Philoponella: males with oval carapace, enlarged cephalic region (Fig. 1), transverse thoracic groove and well-developed conductor spike (Figs 4–5); females with epigynal atrium (Fig. 6).

Philoponella feroka (Bradoo, 1979) new combination Figs 1���8 Uloborus ferokus Bradoo, 1979: 354, figs 1���8 (holotype female and paratypes deposited at Department of Zoology, University Centre, Calicut, not traceable and may be lost (personal communication through Dr. Shibu Vardhan, Head of the Department of Zoology, Calicut University), not examined. Type material. Holotype female from INDIA: Kerala: Calicut, Feroke (11.1735��N, 75.8352��E), 12.xi.1968, B.L. Bradoo. Paratypes: 17 males and 23 females. Other material examined: INDIA: Kerala: 2 ♂♂ & 2 ♀♀ (KUDZEN) from Alappuzha, Kuttanad, Edthuva (9.36128��N, 76.45049��E), N. Babu leg., 15.i.2021; Andhra Pradesh: 1♂ and 1♀ (APU) from Chittoor, Madanpalle (13.629749��N, 78.451408��E), M. Jani & D. Uma leg., 15.ii.2020; 1♂ & 1♀ (APU) from Chittoor, Kuppam (12.75885��N, 78.342094��E), M. Jani leg., 12.ii.2020; Gujarat: 4 ♂♂ and 5♀♀ (APU) from Anand District (22.517676�� N, 72.961858�� E), M, Jani leg., 14.ix.2020; Karnataka: 3♂♂ & 2♀♀ (APU) from Bangalore (12.729833�� N, 77.629219�� E), M. Jani & D. Uma leg., 26.i.2020. Diagnosis. The species resembles Philoponella nasuta (Thorell, 1895), but can be distinguished by the broad region of anterio-basal protrusion of median apophysis spur (slightly tapering in P. nasuta) and thinner median hematodocha (broader in P. nasuta); the females can be easily distinguished by the long, thin copulatory ducts (spiral in P. nasuta) (cf. Figs 3���5, 6���7 with figs 3���11 in Zhou et al., 2020). Description. For detailed description, see Bradoo (1979). Supplementary description. Male (Figs 1, 2���5). Total length 3.86. Prosoma 1.73 long, 1.63 wide; opisthosoma 2.13 long, 1.72 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.06; ALE 0.07; PME 0.06; PLE 0.03; AME-AME 0.07; AME-ALE 0.12; ALE-PLE 0.15; PME-PME 0.06; PME-PLE 0.10. Clypeus height 0.21. Carapace slightly convex. Legs pale orange, with annular distal dark bands. Measurement of palp and legs: palp 1.96 (0.82, 0.22, 0.28, 0.64), leg I 3.33 (1.01, 0.20, 0.80, 0.90, 0.42); II 1.96 (0.65, 0.12, 0.51, 0.37, 0.31), III 1.38 (0.50, 0.14, 0.22, 0.25, 0.27); IV 2.0 (0.80, 0.20, 0.39, 0.33, 0.28). Leg formula 1423. Opisthosoma longer than wide, dorsal surface orange-brown with three pairs of pale white dots; ventrally blackish. Palp with retrolateral femoral apophysis; median apophysis bulb swollen; embolus filiform and coiled around median apophysis bulb; conductor spike beak-like (Figs 3���5). Female (Figs 2, 6���7). Total length 4.27. Prosoma 1.47 long, 1.2 wide; abdomen 2.80 long, 2.13 wide. Carapace greyish and slightly convex. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05; ALE 0.09; PME 0.06; PLE 0.03; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.14, ALE-PLE 0.15, PME-PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.10. Clypeus 0.08 high. Sternum light brown, and longer than wide. Legs slender, with dark annular bands. Measurement of palp and legs: palp 1.81 (0.71, 0.29, 0.35, 0.46), leg I 3.17 (1.15, 0.16, 1.12, 0.90, 0.38); II 2.49 (0.85, 0.11, 0.80, 0.39, 0.34); III 1.71 (0.72, 0.13, 0.30, 0.29, 0.27); IV 2.63 (1.12, 0.14, 0.71, 0.37, 0.29). Opisthosoma slightly broad in front and arched in the middle region, with three pairs of white spots. Epigynum with large atrium, slightly triangular anteriorly; copulatory openings present along the posterior margin on either sides of atrium; copulatory ducts long, convoluted and meandering; spermathecae small and globular (Figs 6���7). Natural history. One to several individuals of Philoponella feroka were found on the webs of the social spider Stegodyphus sarasinorum. Sometimes they were also seen on their own webs built in the gaps of S. sarasinorum webs. Individuals were seen capturing and consuming small prey that were trapped on the webs of S. sarasinorum. Adult males, females and juveniles of P. feroka were seen on S. sarasinorum webs in different habitats including paddy fields, fences, and shrubs found next to the highway in Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat (Fig. 8). Distribution. Previously known only from Kerala State, India. The present study reveals its presence in three more Indian States (Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Karnataka) (Fig. 8) and may perhaps occur throughout the Deccan peninsula. Justification for transfer. The species has the following characters of the genus Philoponella: males with oval carapace, enlarged cephalic region (Fig. 1), transverse thoracic groove and well-developed conductor spike (Figs 4���5); females with epigynal atrium (Fig. 6)., Published as part of Babu, Nishi, Caleb, John T. D., Jani, Maitry, Uma, Divya & Prasad, G., 2022, On the taxonomy and distribution of the orb-weaving spider Philoponella feroka (Bradoo, 1979) n. comb. from India (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 497-500 in Zootaxa 5087 (3) on pages 497-500, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5087.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/5827001, {"references":["Bradoo, B. L. (1979) Uloborus ferokus sp. nov. (Araneae: Uloboridae) a commensal of Stegodyphus sarasinorum Karsch. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 4, 353 - 355.","Thorell, T. (1895) Descriptive catalogue of the spiders of Burma, based upon the collection made by Eugene W. Oates and preserved in the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, 406 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 17492","Zhou, X. - W., Zhou, G. - C. & Peng, X. - J. (2020) Redescription of Philoponella nasuta with the first report of the female (Araneae: Uloboridae). Acta Arachnologica Sinica, 29 (1), 30 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.3969 / j. issn. 1005 - 9628.2020.01.008"]}

Genus Miagrammopes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870 Type species. Miagrammopes thwaitesii O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870 from Sri Lanka. Diagnosis. The genus Miagrammopes differs from the other genera of Uloboridae by the following aspects: body slightly long and slender (Fig. 1A); carapace quadrangle, flat and thin (Fig. 1D); the anterior margin of abdomen and the posterior margin of carapace almost fused (Fig. 4B, E); anterior eyes row absent, and posterior eyes row straight or slightly recurved (Fig. 4D); sternum divided into two or three unequal parts (Figs 4E, 7E); leg I robust and much longer than other legs (Fig. 4C, F) (Cambridge 1870: figs 1–3; Tikader 1971: figs 1–10; Opell 1984: figs 11–16; Sen et al. 2013: fig. 10A; Rajoria 2015: figs 1, 2). Miagrammopes is similar to Hyptiotes Walckenaer, 1837 in the following characteristics: posterior lateral eyes (PLMs) located on tubercles (Fig. 4D); calamistrum occupied about three-fourths as long as metatarsus IV (Fig. 4G); ventral comb macrosetae extending two-thirds rather than one-third the length of metatarsus IV (Fig. 4G), but can be distinguished from the latter by short embolus largely wrapped by radix (Figs 8, 9) (embolus long, forming 1.5 times loop in Hyptiotes) (Zhu & Yoshida, 2005: figs 7, 8) and short and simple copulatory ducts (Figs 2, 3) (long and complex copulatory ducts in Hyptiotes) (Zhu & Yoshida, 2005: figs 3, 6) (beside different characteristics from all other genera mentioned in the previous paragraph) (Zhu & Yoshida, 2005: figs 3, 6–8, 11–13; Sen et al. 2013: figs 9D, 10C; Rajoria 2015: figs 3–5)., Published as part of Liang, Yun, Cai, Qu, Liu, Jinxin, Yin, Haiqiang & Xu, Xiang, 2021, Three species of hackled-orb web spider genus Miagrammopes from China (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 564-576 in Zootaxa 5004 (4) on page 565, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5140829, {"references":["Tikader, B. K. (1971) Descriptions of some little known spiders from India of the genus Miagrammopes Cambridge (Uloboridae). Journal of the Asiatic Society, Calcutta, 13, 172 - 177.","Opell, B. D. (1984) Phylogenetic review of the genus Miagrammopes (sensu lato) (Araneae, Uloboridae). Journal of Arachnology, 12, 229 - 240.","Sen, S., Saha, S., Raychaudhuri, D. (2013) A new species of the genus Miagrammopes O. P. Cambridge, 1870 (Araneae: Uloboridae) from India. Munis Entomology and Zoology, 8 (1), 42 - 45.","Rajoria, A. (2015) A new species of the genus Migrammopes [sic] (Arachnida: Araneae: Uloboridae) from India. Indian Journal of Arachnology, 4 (2), 48 - 51."]}

Miagrammopes bifurcatus Dong, Yan, Zhu & Song, 2004 Figures 7–12 Miagrammopes bifurcatus Dong et al. 2004: 66, fig. 2A–C (specimen not examined). Material examined. 3♂ 1♀ (Ulob-0003–0006- HNU) CHINA, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Chongzuo City, Jiangzhou District, Zuozhou Town, Guanghe Village, Nongheng, 22°34.74'N, 107°24.92'E, 271 m, 29 VIII, 2015, Bing Zhou, Wang Liu, Qu Cai and Jihe Liu leg. Diagnosis. The male of this species resembles that of M. scoparius Simon, 1892 in having the similar tibial extend and terminal apophysis (Figs 8B, 9B; Chickering, 1968: fig. 36), but can be distinguished by relative narrow and long cymbium with a small hook-shaped apophysis (Figs 8B, 9B), while cymbium relative wide and short and without a hook-shaped apophysis in M. scoparius (Chickering, 1968: fig. 36). The female of this is similar to that of M. auriculatus n. sp. in having similar spermathecae including prolateral bursae, retrolateral bursae and connecting tubes between them both, but can be distinguished by the presence of conspicuous copulatory openings, and longitudinal and almost straight copulatory ducts (Figs 11, 12), while copulatory openings inconspicuous and copulatory ducts strongly curved to form a half loop in M. auriculatus n. sp. (Figs 5, 6). Description. Male (Ulob-0006-HNU). Total length 4.16, carapace 1.28 long, 0.96 wide, abdomen 2.88 long, 0.55 wide. Carapace (Fig. 7A, D) deep brown, approximately oblong, with yellowish longitudinal stripes medially. Anterior eye row absent and posterior eye row straight or slightly recurved. Eye diameters: PME 0.10; PLE 0.10. PME-PME 0.38; PME-PLE 0.26. Chelicerae (Fig. 7D) yellowish, without teeth, and with tubercular apophyses and bristles along margins of fang groove. Endite (Fig. 7E) pale yellowish, drop-shaped. Labium (Fig. 7E) yellowish, lanceolate apically, fused with sternum in the base. Sternum (Fig. 7E) yellow brown, divided into two unequal parts, with a black longitudinal stripe medially. Leg measurements: I 5.08 (1.80, 0.51, 0.38, 1.84, 0.55); II 2.64 (1.05, 0.26, 0.47, 0.51, 0.35); III 1.63 (0.39, 0.21, 0.46, 0.37, 0.20); IV 3.40 (1.17, 0.33, 1.11, 0.53, 0.26). Leg formula 1423. Leg I (Fig. 7F) brown, extremely long and strong, with several longitudinal stripes on dorsal sides. Legs –II (Fig. 7A–C) thin and gray, with some brown patches. Tibia of Leg II bearing a few macrosetae dorsally.Abdomen brown, long, with four pairs of grayish spots dorsally. Palp (Figs 8, 9). Tibia with terminal extremely developed and extended (tibial extend, TE), equal to cymbium in length, with several some setae dorsally. Cymbium relative narrow and long, with some hairs distally. Tegulum membranous. Sperm duct conspicuous. Embolus transparent, wrapped by radix except distal end. Radix sclerotized, broad at the base and narrow at the distal end. Terminal apophysis divided into two parts, primary terminal apophysis (namely terminal apophysis 1 in Logunov 2018) and secondary terminal apophysis (namely terminal apophysis 2 in Logunov 2018). Terminal apophysis 1 horizontally extended, long and slender, but terminal apophysis 2 longitudinally extended, short and strong. Female (Ulob-0003-HNU). Total length 5.54, carapace 1.61 long, 1.38 wide, abdomen 3.93 long, 0.99 wide. Eye diameters: PME 0.11; PLE 0.14. PME-PME 0.72; PME-PLE 0.12. Leg I: 10.04 (3.40, 0.82, 2.48, 2.77, 0.57); leg II: 4.46 (1.53, 0.52, 0.90, 1.11, 0.40); leg III: 2.6 (0.68, 0.33, 0.53, 0.67, 0.39); leg IV: 6.02 (1.83, 0.55, 1.80, 1.37, 0.47). Leg formula 1423. General characters as in male, but slightly larger in size and lighter in color. Epigynum (Figs 11, 12). Two copulatory openings conspicuous, situated near the posterior margin of epigynum. Retrolateral bursa (RB) pear-shaped, almost circled by connecting tube. Prolateral bursa (PB) roughly globular, almost as large as RB. Connecting tube (CT) long, strongly bent at the position connecting RB. Copulatory ducts longitudinal, almost parallel to each other, much shorter than CT. Fertilization ducts small, membranous, and with the distal ends slightly far from each other. Distribution. China (Hainan, Guangxi) (Fig. 13)., Published as part of Liang, Yun, Cai, Qu, Liu, Jinxin, Yin, Haiqiang & Xu, Xiang, 2021, Three species of hackled-orb web spider genus Miagrammopes from China (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 564-576 in Zootaxa 5004 (4) on pages 570-574, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5140829, {"references":["Dong, S. J., Yan, P., Zhu, M. S. & Song, D. X. (2004) Three new species of the genus Miagrammopes from China (Araneae: Uloboridae). Acta Arachnologica Sinica 13, 65 - 70.","Chickering, A. M. (1968) The genus Miagrammopes (Araneae, Uloboridae) in Panama and the West Indies. Breviora, 289, 1 - 28.","Logunov, D. V. (2018) Three new spider species of the genus Miagrammopes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870 (Aranei, Uloboridae) from Southeast Asia. Euroasian Entomological Journal, 17 (4), 280 - 289. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / euroasentj. 17.4.07"]}

Miagrammopes rutundus Liang & Xu new species Figures 4–6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 15E8F802-2653-4076-8098-4FF8A72C2399 Type material. Holotype (Ulob-0001- HNU): ♀ CHINA, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Chongzuo City, Longzhou County, Nonggang National Reserve, Nonggang Protection Station, 22°27.87'N, 106°55.42'E, 188 m, 28 X, 2017, Ailan He, Keke Liu, Qu Cai, Jihe Liu, Jinxin Liu, Zongguang Huang leg. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin “rutundus”, meaning “round”, referring to the shape of retrolateral bursa, and is an adjective. Diagnosis. The female of the new species resembles that of Miagrammopes lehtineni (Wunderlich, 1976) in having similar vulva but can be distinguished by different shapes and relative sizes of prolateral bursae (PB): prolateral bursae slightly horizontal oval, and almost as large as retrolateral bursae in this species (Figs 5, 6), while prolateral bursae absolutely longitudinal oval, and much larger than retrolateral bursa in M. lehtineni (Wunderlich 1976: fig. 8). Description. Female (holotype; Ulob-0001-HNU): Total length 7.66, carapace 1.24 long, 1.04 wide, 0.53 high, abdomen 2.99 long, 1.22 wide. Carapace (Fig. 4A, D) dark, with a pair of spots located on both sides of anterior part, and an irregular pattern between PMEs. Eye diameters: PME 0.12; PLE 0.12; PME-PME 0.51; PME-PLE 0.27. Chelicerae (Fig. 4D) pale, without teeth, and with tubercular apophyses and bristles along margins of fang groove. Endite (Fig. 4E) pale, longer than wide, poster-medially fused with labium, with some hairs. Labium (Fig. 4E) dropshaped, and light color in the terminus. Sternum (Fig. 4E) yellowish, divided into three unequal parts, bearing a few hairs. Leg measurements I 2.58 (1.57, 0.52, 0.93, 1.16, 0.4); II 2.31 (0.69, 0.38, 0.49, 0.46, 0.29); III 1.94 (0.62, 0.21, 0.40, 0.41, 0.30); IV 4.15 (1.09, 0.36, 1.08, 0.65, 0.32). Leg formula 1423. Legs (Fig. 4A–C, F) yellowish, and metatarsus of leg IV bearing calamistrum and macrosetae. Abdomen deep brown, with three pairs of greyish white patches in dorsal view (Fig. 4A), and with a pair of greyish white in front of spinnerets and a large greyish white pattern behind spinnerets in ventral view (Fig. 4B). Epigynum (Figs 5, 6). Atrium and copulatory opening inconspicuous. Prolateral bursae (PB) oval, slightly slanting towards lateral sides. Retrolateral bursae (RB) spherical, far from each other and almost as large as PB. Copulatory ducts (CD) straight, long and slender. Connecting tube (CT) short, slightly curved, and almost as large as CD in size of tube diameter. Fertilization ducts small, membranous and far from each other. Male. Unknown. Distribution. Only the type locality, China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) (Fig. 13)., Published as part of Liang, Yun, Cai, Qu, Liu, Jinxin, Yin, Haiqiang & Xu, Xiang, 2021, Three species of hackled-orb web spider genus Miagrammopes from China (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 564-576 in Zootaxa 5004 (4) on pages 568-569, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5140829, {"references":["Wunderlich, J. (1976) Spinnen aus Australien. 1. Uloboridae, Theridiosomatidae und Symphytognathidae (Arachnida: Araneida). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 57, 113 - 124."]}

The family Uloboridae is represented by 19 genera and 287 species, with a wide distribution throughout the tropical and subtropical regions. From South Africa 4 genera and 9 species are known but none of them have been revised. Seven of the species have a wide distribution and are listed as Least Concern only two species are Data Deficient. Keys to the subfamilies and Miagrammopes species are provided.

Hyptiotes flavidus (Blackwall, 1862) CH: VS: Pfynwald südlich der Rhone zwischen Sierre und Leuk, genauer Fundort nicht bekannt. WGS84 46.30394°N, 7.59064°E (± 3 km), 530–560 m, Bemerkung im Fundprotokoll: "Partie ouest de la pinède, … orientation sud", von Juniperus geklopft. 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 9. Sep. 1971, NMB-ARAN 28749. Bestimmung. Wunderlich (2017), Le Peru (2011), Oger (2020), Wiehle (1929) Die Tiere sind sehr stark ausgebleicht, dennoch aufgrund der Grösse, der Strukturen des Tasters und der Kleinheit der Rezaptakel in der Vulva eindeutig dieser Hyptiotes -Art zuzuordnen (Abb. 6). Bei diesem Nachweis handelt es sich um den ersten Nachweis für die Schweiz. Zusammen mit den Follatères weiter westlich im Wallis ist der Pfynwald als ausserordentlich xerothermer Standort bekannt. Beide Standorte beherbergen viele Arten, welche sonst nur südlich der Alpen bekannt sind (Delarze & Hänggi 1996, Hänggi et al. 1996, Maurer & Walter 1980, 1984). Während bei den Funden von Hyptiotes flavidus in Deutschland aus der Nähe von Heidelberg aus den Jahren 2015 und 2016 (Wunderlich 2017) Verschleppung als mögliche Ursache für das isolierte Vorkommen vermutet wurde, dürfte es sich hier bei diesen Funden um Vertreter einer natürlichen Population handeln. Älteste Nachweise für die Schweiz Die folgenden Arten sind zwar schon für die Schweiz gemeldet worden, wären aber Erstnachweise gewesen, wenn CEK seine Funde publiziert hätte., Published as part of Hänggi, Ambros & Gloor, Daniel, 2020, Vom Wert alter Amateursammlungen - vier Spinnenarten neu für die Schweiz in der Sammlung Ketterer, pp. 88-96 in Arachnology Letters 59 on pages 90-91, DOI: 10.30963/aramit5911, http://zenodo.org/record/3754516, {"references":["Pickard-Cambridge O 1873 Descriptions of twenty-four new species of Erigone. - Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 40 (3, 1872): 747 - 769, pl. 65 - 66 - doi: 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1872. tb 00496. x","Simon E 1884 Les arachnides de France. Tome cinquieme, deuxieme et troisieme partie. - Roret, Paris. S. 180 - 885","Wiehle H 1956 Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea (Araneae). 28. Familie Linyphiidae - Baldachinspinnen. - Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 44: 1 - 337","Wunderlich J 2017 Descriptions, notes and synonyms of some mainly Mediterranean and Macaronesian spiders (Araneae) of various families. - Beitrage zur Araneologie 10: 298 - 326","Le Peru B 2011 The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. - Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 2: 1 - 522","Oger P 2020 Les araignees de Belgique et de France. - Internet: https: // arachno. piwigo. com (25. Feb. 2020)","Wiehle H 1929 Weitere Beitrage zur Biologie der Araneen insbesondere zur Kenntnis des Radnetzbaues. - Zeitschrift fur Morphologie und Okologie der Tiere 15: 262 - 308 - doi: 10.1007 / BF 00403104","Delarze R & Hanggi A 1996 Etude zoologiques des Follateres (Objet CPN 3. 57; Fully et Dorenaz-Suisse). VIII: Les arachnides. Preferences microclimatiques et distribution spatiale. - Bulletin de la Murithienne 114: 89 - 102","Hanggi A, Delarze R & Blick T 1996 Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Spinnenfauna des Kanton Wallis. - Mitteilungen der schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft 69: 189 - 194 - doi: 10.5169 / seals- 402628","Maurer R & Walter JE 1980 Fur die Schweiz neue und bemerkenswerte Spinnen (Araneae). - Mitteilungen der schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft 57: 157 - 162 - doi: 10.5169 / seals- 401953","Maurer R & Walter JE 1984 Fur die Schweiz neue und bemerkenswerte Spinnen (Araneae) II. - Mitteilungen der schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft 57: 65 - 73 - doi: 10.5169 / seals- 402099"]}

Hyptiotes paradoxus (C. L. Koch, 1834) MATERIAL. ��� Les Amoz, low vegetation, 1212 m, 01.VII.2017, Isaia, Mammola & Milano leg., 1 juv., coll. MI. CHOROTYPE. ��� PAL. MACROHABITAT. ��� Shrublands. NOTE. ��� This species is mostly reported from spruce forests, especially in low mountain ranges, where it builds webs on lower twigs of trees (Wiehle 1953)., Published as part of Milano, Filippo, Mammola, Stefano, Rollard, Christine, Leccia, Marie-France & Isaia, Marco, 2019, An inventory of the spider species of Barcelonnette (France), with taxonomic notes on Piniphantes agnellus n. comb. (Araneae, Linyphiidae), pp. 29-58 in Zoosystema 41 (4) on page 52, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2019v41a4, http://zenodo.org/record/3718482, {"references":["WIEHLE H. 1953. - Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea (Araneae), IX. Orthognatha-Cribellata-Haplogynae, Entelegynae (Pholcidae, Zodariidae, Oxyopidae, Mimetidae, Nesticidae), in DAHL F., DAHL M. & BISCHOFF H. (Hrsg.), Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 42. G. Fischer, Jena, 150 p."]}

162) Palaeomiagrammopes vesica Wunderlich, 2008 Palaeomiagrammopes vesica Wunderlich, 2008b: 638. Type specimen(s). H: Poinar B-A-1-13 (PACO)., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on page 278, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin, Bai, Ming (2017): A catalogue of Burmite inclusions. Zoological Systematics 42 (3): 249-379, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715

158) Burmuloborus parvus Wunderlich, 2008 Burmuloborus parvus Wunderlich, 2008b: 634. Type specimen(s). H: SMF F2014 /BU/AR/CJW (PCJW)., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on page 277, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

163) Paramiagrammopes cretaceus Wunderlich, 2008 Paramiagrammopes cretaceus Wunderlich, 2008b: 636. Type specimen(s). H: Poinar B-A-1-8., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on page 278, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

3.114 Genus Palaeomiagrammopes Wunderlich, 2008 Palaeomiagrammopes Wunderlich, 2008b: 638. Type species: Palaeomiagrammopes vesica Wunderlich, 2008., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on page 278, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

161) Oculoborus curvatus Wunderlich, 2012 Oculoborus curvatus Wunderlich, 2012b: 211. Type specimen(s). H: F2278/BU/AR/CJW (PCJW)., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on page 278, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

An annotated list of 124 species of spiders from 18 families from the Naurzum Reserve (Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan) is presented. The following species are recorded for the fauna of Kazakhstan for the first time: Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1832), Zelotes fuscus (Thorell, 1875), Z. pseudogallicus Ponomarev, 2007, Alopecosa kovblyuki Nadolny et Ponomarev, 2012, A. steppica Ponomarev, 2007, Arctosa pseudoleopardus Ponomarev, 2007, Trochosa robusta (Simon, 1876), Zora nemoralis (Blackwall, 1861), Pisaura novicia (L. Koch, 1878), Robertus heydemanni Wiehle, 1965, Ozyptila simplex (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1862). Four species are determined indistinctly: Gnaphosa cf. cumensis Ponomarev, 1981, Haplodrassus cf. caspius Ponomarev et Belosludtsev, 2008, Erigoninae gen. sp., Aelurillus cf. v-insignitus (Clerck, 1758). The spider fauna of the Naurzum Reserve includes 134 species from 18 families considering literature data.

Uloborus walckenaerius Latreille, 1806 МатериаΛ. 1♀, Сыпсын, 18.06.2015; 1♀, Терсек, 19.08.2015. ПреΑставΛенный список вкΛючает 124 виΑа, 64 роΑа, 18 семейств. ОΑиннаΑцать виΑов (Cheiracanthium virescens, Zelotes fuscus, Z. pseudogallicus, Alopecosa kovblyuki, A. steppica, Arctosa pseudoleopardus, Trochosa robusta, Zora nemoralis, Pisaura novicia, Robertus heydemanni, Ozyptila simplex) впервые отмечены в фауне Казахстана. Четыре виΑа (Gnaphosa cf. cumensis, Haplodrassus cf. caspius, Erigoninae gen. sp., Aelurillus cf. v-insignitus) окончатеΛьно не Αиагностированы. К настоящему времени в фауне Наурзумского госуΑарственного прироΑного заповеΑника с учетом Λитературных Αанных выявΛено 134 виΑа пауков из 18 семейств., Published as part of Ponomarev, A. V., Bragina, T. M. & Shmatko, V. Yu., 2017, New data on spiders (Aranei) of the Naurzum State Natural Reserve (Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan), pp. 3-10 in Caucasian Entomological Bulletin 13 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.23885/1814-3326-2017-13-1-3-10, http://zenodo.org/record/8145545

157) Burmuloborus antefixus Wunderlich, 2015 Burmuloborus antefixus Wunderlich, 2015a: 324. Type specimen(s). Unknown., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on page 277, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

3.111 Genus Burmuloborus Wunderlich, 2008 Burmuloborus Wunderlich, 2008b: 634. Type species: Burmuloborus parvus Wunderlich, 2008., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on page 277, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

3.115 Genus Paramiagrammopes Wunderlich, 2008 Paramiagrammopes Wunderlich, 2008b: 636. Type species: Paramiagrammopes cretaceus Wunderlich, 2008., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on page 278, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

Octonoba xihua Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, new species [Figure 50 A-D] MALE. Holotype male, total length 9.00 mm. Cephalothorax length 8.9 mm, width 0.83 mm. Abdomen length 1.57 mm, width 0.77 mm. Carapace. Rounded, yellow with grayish to black margins, median area with a gray longitudinal and Y-band. Chelicerae longer than wide, basal half grayish yellow and apical half yellow. Pedipalps yellow with gray longitudinal bands on both lateral sides of femur, patella and retrolateral side of tibia and midventral side of cymbium. Maxillae yellow, slightly longer than wide, narrow basally and broad apically. Labium grayish yellow and moderately convex apical margin plain yellow. Sternum grayish yellow with a dark yellow spot opposite coxa I, brownish lateral margins and truncated posterior end. Eyes. In two rows of four. AER strongly recurved and shorter than slightly recurved to straight PER (0.44: 0.49 mm). Eye diameter (mm): PLE (0.09)> PME=ALE (0.07)> AME (0.06). AME clos- er to ALE than to each other. PE equally spaced. PLE and ALE on a small tubercle. Clypeus height 1.7 x AME diameter. Legs. Slender, yellow with longitudinal bands on femora I-IV and alternating gray and yellow bands on tibiae I-IV and metatarsi I-IV. Venter of short tarsus I with at least six thin spines. Leg formula 1423. Abdomen. Short and tail-like, yellowish medially with two longitudinal rows of interrupted white bands and black bands laterally. Anterior abdomen cleft, median apical one-third bears a pair of small tubercle and a larger spine at midlength where abdomen narrows posteriorly. Venter whitish yellow with a median pale gray longitudinal band and an inverted U-shaped white band anterior of epigastric furrow. Palpal organ bears a brownish plate-like median apophysis spur with a tube-like and cleft apical tip. Tip of embolus directed to apex of cymbium. Venter of cymbium with a subapical spine. Tibia with a black T-band retrolaterally and bears one long lateral trichobothrium. FEMALE. Unknown. Material Examined. Holotype male (coll. no. Dac 2011 - 2), CHINA, Hainan Island, Dacheng, Xihua village, 6 April 2011, ATBarrion, JLACatindig and SCVillareal. Diagnostic Features. This species is close to the facies of Octonoba sinensis (Simon, 1880) but differs from the latter in the following features: (1) tail-like abdomen with three spines dorsally, (2) cleft anterior abdominal margin, (3) presence of a single trichobothrium in palpal tibia, (4) shape of median apophysis spur, (5) presence of a single spine in the ventrosubapical area of cymbium, and (6) leg measurements. Etymology. Named after the type locality., Published as part of Alberto T. Barrion, Aimee Lynn A. Barrion-Dupo, Josie Lynn A. Catindig, Sylvia C. Villareal, Ducheng Cai, Qianhua Yuan & Kong Luen Heong, 2016, NEW SPECIES OF SPIDERS (ARANEAE) FROM HAINAN ISLAND, CHINA, pp. 1-103 in UPLB Museum Publications in Natural History 3 on page 44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.269136

Alberto T. Barrion, Aimee Lynn A. Barrion-Dupo, Josie Lynn A. Catindig, Sylvia C. Villareal, Ducheng Cai, Qianhua Yuan, Kong Luen Heong (2016): NEW SPECIES OF SPIDERS (ARANEAE) FROM HAINAN ISLAND, CHINA. UPLB Museum Publications in Natural History 3: 1-103, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.269136

Octonoba sanyanensis Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, new species [Figure 49 A-E] FEMALE. Holotype female, total length 4.20 mm. Cephalothorax length 1.20 mm, width 1.20 mm. Abdomen 3.70 mm, width 2.20 mm. Paratype female, total length 3.60 mm. Carapace. Pale yellow with two broad submedian longitudinal bands, narrow black eye margins. Cephalic narrower than the elevated and bilobed thoracic area. Chelicerae yellow without promarginal tooth. Retromargin bears a large anterior and three very minute posterior teeth. Pedipalps yellow except brown claws. Maxillae dull yellow with brown serrula, as long as wide, basally narrow and broad towards converging apices. Labium yellow distinctly triangular anteriorly. Sternum slightly elevated with a small hump opposite each coxae, brown to gray, median area with a longitudinal yellow band and two pairs of rounded yellow spots opposite areas between coxa I and II, and II and III. Posterior tip of sternum narrows to a bluntly rounded to nipple-like process. Eyes. In two recurved rows of four. AER shorter than PER (0.59: 0.66 mm). Eye diameter (mm): AME (0.09)> PME = PLE (0.07)> ALE (0.04). Eye separation (mm): ALE-PLE (0.20)> PME-PME (0.19)> AME-ALE = PME-PLE (0.11)> AME-AME (0.07). Clypeus height broader than one AME diameter. Legs. Yellow except black ventral longitudinal bands in femur I extended to tibia I and apical one-third of metatarsus I and entire tarsus I. Anterior half of tibia I bears a thick mat of club-like hairs dorsally and ventrally. Legs II and III with slightly black patches present on apicoventral tip of femur, patella, ventroapical one-third of tibia, ventroapical one-fourth of metatarsus and most of tarsus. Leg IV with interrupted black bands in mid- and tip of femur, venttrobasal patella and midtibia. Calamistrum on metatarsus IV with curved tips black. Venter of tarsus IV lined with about 20-22 peg-like spines. Metatarsus IV has a single prolateral spine. Leg formula 1423. Abdomen. White with four pairs of distinct humps, anterior pair the largest with a pair of brownish clump of hairs on each hump. Abdomen triangular in lateral view. Anterior abdomen with short brown club setae. Venter white with a black longitudinal band anterior of epigynum, midabdomen and around cribellum. Epigynum with a protruding deeply bifurcate posterior process covered by whitish yellow hairs. A black longitudinal band present anterior of the bifurcate "scape-like" process. Spermathecae shortly oblong, diverge apically. MALE. Unknown. Material Examined. Holotype female (coll. no. San 2011 - 1) and paratype female CHINA, Hainan Island, Sanya, Sanya College campus, (coll. no. San 2011 - 2), ATBarrion, JLACatindig and SCVillareal. Diagnostic Features. In terms of physical features, this species is closely allied to Octonoba aurita Dong, Zhu and Yoshida, 2005 but differs from the latter in (1) wider and longer posterior epigynal lobes, (2) calamistrum occupies three-fourths of metatarsus IV length, (3) longer leg segments, (4) tibia IV almost as long as metatarsus IV, (5) patella I, patella IV, metatarsus III and tarsus I equally long, and (6) prominent humps on abdominal dorsum. Etymology. Named after the type locality.

Uloborus plumipes Lucas, 1846 LITERATURE. — Rossi & Bosio 2014. CHOROTYPE. — MED. MACROHABITAT. — Synanthropic habitats., Published as part of Paschetta, Mauro, Christille, Claretta, Marguerettaz, Fabio & Isaia, Marco, 2016, Regional catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Aosta Valley (NW Italy), pp. 49-125 in Zoosystema 38 (1) on page 112, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n1a3, http://zenodo.org/record/4578074, {"references":["ROSSI G. & BOSIO F. 2014. - Prima segnalazione per la Valle d'Aosta di Uloborus plumipes Lucas, 1846 (Arachnida, Araneae). Revue valdotaine d'Histoire naturelle 68: 91 - 93."]}

This catalogue lists 1,084 species of spiders (three identified to genus only) in 311 genera from 53 families currently recorded from Texas and is based on the "Bibliography of Texas Spiders" published by Bea Vogel in 1970. The online list of species can be found at http://pecanspiders.tamu.edu/spidersoftexas.htm. Many taxonomic revisions have since been published, particularly in the families Araneidae, Gnaphosidae and Leptonetidae. Many genera in other families have been revised. The Anyphaenidae, Ctenidae, Hahniidae, Nesticidae, Sicariidae and Tetragnathidae were also revised. Several families have been added and others split up. Several genera of Corinnidae were transferred to Phrurolithidae and Trachelidae. Two genera from Miturgidae were transferred to Eutichuridae. Zoridae was synonymized under Miturgidae. A single species formerly in Amaurobiidae is now in the Family Amphinectidae. Some trapdoor spiders in the family Ctenizidae have been transferred to Euctenizidae. Gertsch and Mulaik started a list of Texas spiders in 1940. In a letter from Willis J. Gertsch dated October 20, 1982, he stated "Years ago a first listing of the Texas fauna was published by me based largely on Stanley Mulaik material, but it had to be abandoned because of other tasks." This paper is a compendium of the spiders of Texas with distribution, habitat, collecting method and other data available from revisions and collections. This includes many records and unpublished data (including data from three unpublished studies). One of these studies included 16,000 adult spiders belonging to 177 species in 29 families. All specimens in that study were measured and results are in the appendix. Hidalgo County has 340 species recorded with Brazos County at 323 and Travis County at 314 species. These reflect the amount of collecting in the area.

Orinomana Strand, 1934 Orinomus [preoccupied] Chamberlin 1916: 206. Type species by original designation and monotypy O. lamprus Chamberlin, 1916, op. cit. Orinomana Strand 1934: 273. New name for Orinomus Chamberlin 1916, preoccupied. Opell 1979: 498. Note. The type species, Orinomus lamprus was synonymized by Opell (1979) with Uloborus bituberculatus Keyserling, 1882. Diagnosis. Orinomana species share with those of Waitkera Opell, 1979, Sybota, Miagrammopes and Hyptiotes, the PLE on prominent tubercles; differ from Miagrammopes in having anterior eyes, from Hyptiotes in lacking the anterior cephalic narrowness (Opell 1979, fig. 55), and from the remaining two genera by having a peaked, humped abdomen (Figs. 2 B; Opell 1979, fig. 122; Grismado 2000, figs. 2, 7) rather than oval or projecting (Opell 1979, figs. 24, 102, 110, 116; Grismado 2001, fig. 3). Orinomana females have entelegyne genitalia, while Waitkera is haplogyne, and Sybota is intermediate between the two conditions (Grismado 2001). Males are easily recognized by the complex, branched embolus (Figs. 1, 3, 7). Description. For female see Opell (1979). Male: carapace oval,> 1.1 times longer than wide, ocular area not elevated from carapace. Both eye rows recurved, MOQ near 1.6 times longer than wide, ocular area occupying almost 80 % of cephalic width. Eyes subequal, except the ALE, the smallest; PME separated by about three times their diameter; clypeus height> 1.6 times the AME eyes diameter. Legs: femora I around 1.5 times the carapace length; macrosetae of legs I: femora: 2 prolateral, 4 ventral prolateral; tibiae: 2 retrolateral, 2 prolateral, 3���4 dorsal prolateral, 2 dorsal; metatarsi: 3 prolateral, 3���4 retrolateral. Abdomen with two conspicuous anterodorsal humps. For coloration, see species descriptions. Palp: tibiae unmodified, cymbium distally notched. Bulb: subtegulum discoidal, tegulum as an apparently incomplete ring, leaving a ventral area less sclerotized; its retrolateral side with a differently wrinkled texture. On the prolateral side articulates the small median apophysis, conductor distally articulated, larger than the MA. Embolus highly modified, with 3���4 branches to different directions. For specific details, see under species descriptions. Composition and distribution. Seven known species from western South America, mostly in Andean regions (Fig. 9): O. florezi n. sp. from Colombia, O. penelope n. sp. from Ecuador, O. bituberculata (Keyserling 1881) from Peru and Ecuador, O. viracocha n. sp. from Peru, O. mana Opell 1979 from northern Chile, and O. galianoae Grismado 2000, and O. ascha Grismado 2000 from northwestern Argentina., Published as part of Grismado, Cristian J. & Rubio, Gonzalo D., 2015, Three new species and the first known males of the Andean spider genus Orinomana Strand (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 201-214 in Zootaxa 4052 (2) on page 203, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4052.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/234504, {"references":["Opell, B. D. (1979) Revision of the genera and tropical American species of the spider family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard, 148, 443 - 549.","Grismado, C. J. (2001) Notes on the genus Sybota with a description of a new species from Argentina (Araneae, Uloboridae). Journal of Arachnology, 29, 11 - 15. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1636 / 0161 - 8202 (2001) 029 [0011: NOTGSW] 2.0. CO; 2"]}

This paper presents a survey of spider species that have not been previously recorded for Israel. Twenty species, twelve genera and two families (Mysmenidae and Phyxelididae) are recorded for the first time in Israel. Nine species, Agroeca parva Bosmans, 2011, Aulonia kratochvili Dunin et al., 1986, Ero flammeola Simon, 1881, Hogna ferox (Lucas, 1838), Maculoncus parvipalpus Wunderlich, 1995, Neon rayi (Simon, 1875), Pardosa aenigmatica Tongiorgi, 1966 and Phyxelida anatolica Griswold, 1990, are illustrated. Tarentula jaffa Strand, 1913, syn. n. is synonymised with Hogna ferox (Lucas, 1838), and Hahnia carmelita Levy, 2007, syn. n. is synonymised with Hahnia nava (Westring, 1851). A possible synonymy of the widespread Prodidomus rufus Hentz, 1847 with P. hispanicus Dalmas, 1919 known from the Iberian Peninsula is discussed. An original combination is restored for Trochosa urbana O.P.-Cambridge, 1876.

Orinomana penelope new species. (Figs. 1, 2A���D, 3, 4) Types. Female holotype, four males and three females paratypes (together with six juveniles) from Ecuador, Cuenca, " April 3, [19] 42 (DLF - HEF)", deposited in CAS. Prep. CJG-00088. Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, is taken the mythological character Penelope, wife of Odysseus, who waited many years for the return of her husband from the Trojan war. The name alludes to the long time that arachnologists have waited to find the males of Orionama Diagnosis. The epigynum of O. penelope resembles that of O. mana and O. ascha (Fig. 4 D, Opell 1979, fig. 126; Grismado 2000, fig. 8) in having a median projection; but that projection is broader than those of the other two species; it also differs by the internal genitalia, having bilobate anterior and posterior spermathecae (Fig. 4 F). Males are distinguished by having four branches of the embolus, two hooked projections on the median apophysis, and by the conductor pointing to forward (Figs. 3 B, F). Description. Female holotype: Total length 3.04, carapace length 1.20, sternum length 0.76, abdomen height 1.96. Leg I: femur length 1.58, tibia length 1.20, metatarsus length 1.26, tarsus length 0.54. Carapace brown with a medial yellowish strip between median eyes and posterior margin of prosoma; two irregular dark spots at sides of fovea; eyes bordered by dark rings. Chelicerae yellowish, endites and labium light brown with distal parts whitish; sternum brown with darker margins. Legs light brown with diffuse dark bands, more conspicuous in legs III and IV; femora-patellae-tibiae I with dark brown prolateral surfaces. Abdomen whitish yellow with a grayish brown band on cardiac area, bordered by a thin, white line in front to the humps. Ventrally uniform light brown. Epigynum with a broad median projection posteriorly directed (Fig. 4 D); anterior spermathecae with two terminal rounded lobes, posterior spermathecae with two consecutive lobes; fertilization ducts arise from the dorsal one; copulatory ducts connected to the more ventral lobe of posterior spermathecae, near the constriction that lead to the anterior spermathecae (Fig. 4 F). In posterior view are visible the copulatory openings (as two dark spots) and two pairs of lateral sclerotized elements (Fig. 4 E). Male paratype: Total length 2.28, carapace length 0.94, sternum length 0.56, abdomen height 1.00. Leg I: femur length 1.40, tibia length 1.18, metatarsus length 1.34, tarsus length 0.38. Color: as female except by the follows: carapace slightly lighter, endites and labium yellowish; sternum yellowish with dark grey borders; dorsum of abdomen whitish with a diffuse grey band on cardiac area; tenuous transversal bands posterior to the humps; in front to its and on the sides of abdomen there are few, small and irregularly spaced grey spots. Ventrally uniform whitish, except the grey epigastrium and two tenuous paraxial grey bands posterior to it. Palp (Figs. 1, 3, 4 A���C): As for the genus (see above) in general aspects; median apophysis with two pointed projections, one smaller, basal, and other large, hook-shaped (Fig. 3 A, B, F); conductor forwardly oriented, with a distal incision; embolus with four branches, one backwardly curved, looped, ribbon-shaped, that ends touching the embolus origin (b 1), one distal, with the ejaculatory duct (b 2), and two diverging, one more basally, pointed (b 4) and other subdistal, more flattened, with rounded tip (b 3). Variation. The three paratype females have a general lighter coloration, with less conspicuous designs on abdomen and carapace than those of the holotype. Two males have darker general coloration, with abdomen more lavishly spotted in dorsum and sides, and have darker and more notorious the longitudinal post-epigastric grey bands in venter. Material examined. Only the type series. Distribution. Only known from the type locality, in Cuenca, Ecuador., Published as part of Grismado, Cristian J. & Rubio, Gonzalo D., 2015, Three new species and the first known males of the Andean spider genus Orinomana Strand (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 201-214 in Zootaxa 4052 (2) on pages 203-209, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4052.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/234504, {"references":["Opell, B. D. (1979) Revision of the genera and tropical American species of the spider family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard, 148, 443 - 549."]}

Orinomana viracocha new species (Figs. 2 E���F, 6 D���F) Types. Female holotype and three females paratypes from Peru, R��o Lur��n, near Lima, 50 m, leg. Weyrauch (Exline - Peck collection donated to CAS), deposited in CAS. Etymology. Noun in apposition. Named after Viracocha, the god of creation for the Incas. Diagnosis. Females of O. viracocha are distinguished by other congeneric species by the shape of the epigynum: two short lobes united at middle by a membranose lamina that point backwards (Fig. 6 D). It is also clearly separate by the broad area connecting the anterior and posterior spermathecae (Fig. 6 F). Description. Female (holotype): Total length 2.80, carapace length 1.02, sternum length 0.74, abdomen height 1.94. Leg I: femur length 1.40, tibia length 0.92, metatarsus length 1.04, tarsus length 0.44. Carapace light brown with a medial dorsal yellowish stripe between median eyes and posterior prosoma���s margin, along two broad, diffuse, lighter paraxial bands; two irregular dark spots posterior to the fovea, diverging to the front. Eyes on whitish yellow areas; thin radial dark lines at sides (Fig. 2 E). Chelicerae, labium and endites distally yellowish, proximally light brown. Sternum light brown with slightly darker margins. Legs yellowish with irregular brown bands, this dark pigment is more extensive in prolateral surfaces of femora-patellae-tibiae I. Abdomen very high, yellowish, with a cardiac brown band; two tenuous transversal dark bands posterior to the humps, humps quite separate; small and sparse spots on sides, slightly more visible on caudal areas. Ventrally uniform yellowish. Genitalia: Epigynum with two lateral lobes and a median translucent lamina pointing backwards (Fig. 6 D); two pairs of spermathecae, lacking constriction between anterior and posterior ones, that are broadly connected; copulatory ducts lead to the anterior spermathecae (Fig. 6 F). Variability: Two female specimens show abdomen not so high, generally darker coloration, with more conspicuous pattern in legs, sternum dark brown with light spots, darker dorsum and sides marbled nevertheless, the carapace design is identical to those of the holotype. Material examined. Only the type series. Distribution. Only known from the type locality, in Lima, Peru., Published as part of Grismado, Cristian J. & Rubio, Gonzalo D., 2015, Three new species and the first known males of the Andean spider genus Orinomana Strand (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 201-214 in Zootaxa 4052 (2) on page 210, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4052.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/234504

Hyptiotes flavidus (Blackwall, 1862) Hyptiotes gerhardti: Wiehle, 1964: 81, f. 1, 3, 5���8 (♂♀). Hyptiotes flavidus: Wiehle, 1964: 81, f. 2, 9 (♂♀). For a complete synonym listing and references, see the World Spider Catalog (2015). Material. ISRAEL: Haifa, university campus, 32��45���N 35��01���E, 450 m, 29.xii.2010 (YM) ��� 1♂ (ZMMU); Shuni Park, 1 km N Binyamina, 32��32���N 34��57���E, 60 m, 27.xii.2010 (YM) ��� 1♀ (ZMMU). Comments. This species is known from the Canary Islands across the entire Mediterranean to the northern Caucasus (Wiehle, 1964), Abkhazia (Kovblyuk, Marusik, Ponomarev, Gnelitsa, & Nadolny, 2011) and Georgia (Otto, 2014). This is the southeasternmost record in the range., Published as part of Zonstein, Sergei, Marusik, Yuri & Omelko, Mikhail, 2015, A survey of spider taxa new to Israel (Arachnida: Araneae), pp. 372-385 in Zoology in the Middle East 61 (4) on page 383, DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2015.1095525, http://zenodo.org/record/807961, {"references":["Wiehle, H. (1964): Uber Hyptiotes gerhardti Wiehle (Arach., Araneae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 45, 81 - 85.","World Spider Catalog (2015) World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http: // wsc. nmbe. ch, version 15.5 [accessed on 20.01.2015].","Kovblyuk, M. M., Marusik, Y. M., Ponomarev, A. V., Gnelitsa, V. A., & Nadolny, A. A. (2011): Spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Abkhazia. Arthropoda Selecta, 20, 21 - 56.","Otto, S. (2014): Caucasian Spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus. Version 1.4. Internet: http: // caucasus-spiders. info [accessed 11 January 2015]."]}

Grismado, Cristian J., Rubio, Gonzalo D. (2015): Three new species and the first known males of the Andean spider genus Orinomana Strand (Araneae, Uloboridae). Zootaxa 4052 (2): 201-214, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4052.2.4

Orinomana florezi new species (Figs. 5 E���F, 6 G���I) Types. Female holotype from Colombia, Departamento del Valle de Cauca, Parque Nacional Las Hermosas, Laguna Santa Teresa, 3 �� 31 ���N, 75 �� 59 ���W, 3500 m, IX 1994, col. E. Fl��rez. Deposited in ICN-AR (# 1254), prep. CJG-00167. Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of Eduardo Fl��rez (ICN), collector of the type series. Diagnosis. Females of O. florezi are recognized by the triangular epigynal plate with a small incision on the posterior median border (Fig. 6 G). The spermathecae are very similar to those of O. bituberculata, but the copulatory ducts are shorter, and arise from the posterior spermathecae instead from the constriction area (Fig. 6 I; Opell 1979, fig. 125). Description. Female (holotype): Total length 3.84, carapace length 1.44, sternum length 0.94, abdomen height 2.68. Leg I: femur length 1.68, tibia length 1.12, metatarsus length 1.34, tarsus length 0.58. Carapace brown with a medial dorsal yellowish stripe from the ocular area to back and two irregular dark spots in front to the fovea. Eyes on dark rings, the lateral ones on yellowish areas. Chelicerae, labium and endites distally whitish, proximally light brown. Sternum pale orange-brown with two anterior, oblique darker spots. Legs yellowish with irregular, diffused brown bands, this dark pigment is more extensive in prolateral surfaces of femora-patellae-tibiae I. Abdomen very high, whitish grey, with a cardiac dark band between the pedicel and the dorsal humps; posterior to the humps, diffuse dark transversal marks, slightly more evident on caudal area. Ventrally uniform yellowish. Genitalia: Epigynal plate nearly triangular, with the posterior margin medially incised (Fig. 6 G); fertilization ducts arise from the junction area of the anterior and posterior spermathecae, meanwhile the copulatory ducts open in the posterior pair (Fig. 6 I). Variability: The other adult female specimen show a lighter cardiac band, the abdominal pattern more marbled at sides, and the bands on legs are more dark and conspicuous, specially, the brown bands in distal metatarsi. Material examined. One immature (same data as the holotype) and one female and four immatures ���two of these are subadult males- (same data, ICN-AR 1239). Distribution. Only known from the type locality, in Valle de Cauca, Colombia., Published as part of Grismado, Cristian J. & Rubio, Gonzalo D., 2015, Three new species and the first known males of the Andean spider genus Orinomana Strand (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 201-214 in Zootaxa 4052 (2) on pages 210-212, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4052.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/234504, {"references":["Opell, B. D. (1979) Revision of the genera and tropical American species of the spider family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard, 148, 443 - 549."]}

Orinomana ascha Grismado, 2000 (Figs. 5 A���D, 6 A���C, 7, 8) O. ascha. Grismado 1999 (2000): 299, figs. 6���11. Female holotype from Argentina: la Rioja; Arauco Department: Ascha, March 1994, G. C��ceres Freyre leg. (MACN-Ar 2136, examined). Additional material examined (new records). ARGENTINA: Tucum��n: Camping de Cochuna, S 27 �� 19.346 ' W 65 ��. 55.430 ' (GPS, +- 10m), elev. 1261 m (GPS), 19 Feb. 2013, selva de yungas, colecta manual nocturna, G.D.Rubio, H.A.Iuri, A.Ojanguren, A. Porta & R. Adilardi (GDR-loc 16), 2 m (MACN-Ar 30760, photos GDR DSC 0023-0066), 1 m (MACN-Ar 30766, prep. CJG 1457, GDR 0328), 1 m (MACN-Ar 30761, photos GDR DSC 0056-0065), 3 f, 1 j (MACN-Ar 30765), 1 j (MACN-Ar 30764), 2 j (MACN-Ar 30763); R��o Cochuna, 0 9 Apr. 2011, G.D.Rubio & C.Arga��araz, 2 h (MACN-Ar 30762, prep. GDR 0329). Diagnosis. Males are distinguished by having three branches in the embolus, by the median apophysis with only one pointed projection, by the conductor pointing to the prolateral side, and a conical, dark protrusion on the center of the tegulum (Figs. 6 A���C, 7). For females see Grismado (2000). Description. Male (MACN-Ar 30766): Total length 3.40, carapace length 1.44, sternum length 0.88, abdomen height 1.60. Leg I: femur length 2.32, tibia length 2.12, metatarsus length 2.36, tarsus length 0.76. Carapace brown with a medial dorsal yellowish stripe from the ocular area to back, wider between the posterior median eyes. Dark rings surround the anterior eyes and yellow rings the lateral eyes. Chelicerae, labium and endites distally pale yellow, proximally light brown. Sternum brown with a medial yellowish band. Legs yellowish with irregular, diffused brown bands, this dark pigment is more extensive on femora-patellae-tibiae I. Abdomen very high, brown, with a cardiac dark band between the pedicel and the dorsal humps, and profusely dotted with guanine deposits; posterior to the humps, the light stops are more definitely aligned to, the caudal area. Ventrally brown with the light spots larger than dorsum and sides. Epiandrum region reddish brown. All the body covered by abundant, light setae; on the ventral parts, light setae mixed with black setae. Palp (Figs. 6 A���C, 7): As for the genus (see above) in general aspects; tegulum with a remarkable, dark, conical protrusion in the center (black arrows in fig. 7); median apophysis with only one pointed projection; conductor massive, transversely oriented; embolus with three branches, one backwardly looped, ribbon-shaped, that ends touching the embolus origin (b 1), one distal, with the ejaculatory duct (b 2), and other pointed, forwardly directed (b 3). Variability: Two males have darker general coloration, with guanine deposits more concentrated along paraxial white bands on the dorsum and the venter of abdomen. Distribution. La Rioja and Tucum��n Provinces, Argentina., Published as part of Grismado, Cristian J. & Rubio, Gonzalo D., 2015, Three new species and the first known males of the Andean spider genus Orinomana Strand (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 201-214 in Zootaxa 4052 (2) on pages 212-214, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4052.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/234504, {"references":["Grismado, C. J. (1999 [2000]) Dos nuevas especies del genero Orinomana Strand de Argentina (Araneae, Uloboridae). Physis, Buenos Aires (C), 57 (132 - 133), 97 - 100."]}

Philoponella opelli new species (Figs. 1 AB, 2 A���G, 5 A���F, 7 A) Types. Male holotype (UFMG 11223) from Brazil: Santa Catarina: S��o Bento do Sul (Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais Rugendas, 26 �� 19 ���S 49 �� 18 ���W, 617 m), 16���20 December 2011, I.L.F. Magalh��es et al. leg. Female paratype (UFMG 7770) from Brazil: Mato Grosso: Cotrigua��u (Fazenda S��o Nicolau, 9 �� 50 ���S 58 �� 14 ���W), 2��� 14 October 2010, A.J. Santos leg. Etymology. The species name is a patronym in honour of Brent D. Opell, in recognition of his extensive contributions to the current knowledge on uloborid systematics, evolution, and natural history. Diagnosis. Males of Philoponella opelli resemble those of the P. republicana species group (see Opell 1979: 524) in having the conductor spike shorter than the apical projection of the median apophysis spur, but differ from all other species of the group by having the conductor spike rounded in the apex (Figs. 2 A,B; 5 A,B) and by the retrolateral tubercle of the palpal femur larger than the prolateral one (Fig. 2 G). Females resemble P. vittata (Keyserling, 1881) in having the copulatory openings in the posterior sixth of the atrium and in the copulatory ducts not coiled, but differ by having the copulatory ducts with one loop anteriorly to the connection with the spermatheca (Figs. 2 E, 5 EF). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 3.71, carapace length 1.55, sternum length 0.86, abdomen length 2.16, leg I, length of articles: femur 2.29, patella 0.61, tibia 1.81, metatarsus 1.83, tarsus 0.64. Length of tibiae: II 0.94, III 0.51, IV 1.04. Carapace pale-yellow with two marginal longitudinal dark-brown bands and two paramedian longitudinal diffuse dark bands (Fig. 1 A). Chelicerae, endites, labium and sternum pale-yellow. Legs I and IV pale-yellow with dorsal dark bands, legs II and III pale-yellow ventrally and dark brown dorsally (Fig. 1 A). Abdomen light grey with dorsal white spots and lateral black spots, one central and one anterior (Fig. 1 A). Anal tubercle and spinnerets light grey. Embolus long, in clockwise direction in the left palp (Figs. 2 A, B; 5 A). Median apophysis bulb not tumescent, covering the embolus (Figs. 5 A, B). Median apophysis spur hooked ventrally (Figs. 2 A, B; 5 A, B). Conductor basal lobe longer than wide, canoe-shaped, conductor spike rounded (Figs. 2 A, B; 5 A��� G). Leg I with plumose and filiform setae and squamous macrosetae (Fig. 5 D). Female (paratype). Total length 4.09, carapace length 1.17, sternum length 0.76, abdomen length 2.92, leg I, length of articles: femur 1.55, patella 0.28, tibia 1.53, metatarsus 1.70, tarsus 0.89. Length of tibiae: II 0.69, III 0.46, IV 1.04. Carapace homogeneously dark-brown (Fig. 1 B). Chelicerae, endites, labium and sternum light brown. Leg femora brown, tibiae light brown dorsally and brown in the ventral side; patellae, metatarsi and tarsi pale-yellow (Fig. 1 B). Dorsum of abdomen dark brown laterally, light brown medially, with three pairs of transversal, dark-brown spots (Fig. 1 B). Transversal spots paler in the centre. Venter of abdomen dark brown laterally, light brown medially, with dark brown rectangular post-epigastric area. Anal tubercle and posterior lateral spinnerets brown, median and anterior lateral spinnerets pale-yellow. Epigynum with large and deep atrium, posterior rim continuous, copulatory openings in the posterior half of atrium (Fig. 2 C), posterior plate hexagonal (Fig. 2 D). Spermathecae oval, covered with pores in the anterior and ectal surface (Figs. 5 E, F); copulatory ducts with a 180 �� loop anterior to spermathecae (Figs. 2 E, 5 EF), fertilization ducts adhered to the posterior plate (Figs. 2 E). Variation. Male (N = 17). Carapace length 1.14���1.53, sternum length 0.53���0.76, abdomen length 1.37���2.03. Female (N = 2). Carapace length 1.17���1.27, sternum length 0.76���0.92, abdomen length 2.92���3.69. Additional material examined. Brazil, Acre: Senador Guiomard (Esta����o Experimental Catuaba, 10 �� 5 ��� 8 ���S 67 �� 37 ��� 30 ���W, 214 m), 9���18.IV. 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 12255); 1 ♂ (UFMG 12256); ditto, 6���16.VII. 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg., 3 ♂ (UFMG 12257); 2 ♂ (UFMG 12258); 1 ♂ (UFMG 12259); 1 ♂ (UFMG 12260); Mato Grosso: Cotrigua��u (Fazenda S��o Nicolau, 9 �� 50 ��� 24 ���S 58 �� 14 ��� 54 ���W), 2���14.X. 2010, A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 11448); 2 ♂ 1 ♀ (UFMG 11791); Santa Catarina: S��o Bento do Sul (Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais Rugendas, 26 �� 19 ��� 30 ���S 49 �� 18 ��� 26 ���W, 617 m), 16���20.XII. 2011, I.L.F. Magalh��es et al leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 11790). Ecuador, Napo: (Estaci��n Biol��gica Jatun-Sacha, 1 �� 3 ��� 57 ���S 77 �� 37 ���W, 410 m), 1���5.XII. 2009, A.J. Santos leg., 3 ♂ (UFMG 10959). Distribution. Northern to southern Brazil and Ecuador (Fig. 7 A)., Published as part of Faleiro, B��rbara T. & Santos, Adalberto J., 2014, Three new species and new records of the orb-weaving spider genus Philoponella (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Brazil and Ecuador, pp. 572-582 in Zootaxa 3754 (5) on pages 573-575, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3754.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/226016, {"references":["Opell, B. D. (1979) Revision of the Genera and Tropical American Species of the Spider Family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 148, 443 - 549."]}

Philoponella duopunctata new species (Figs. 1 D���G, 4 A���G, 6 C���F, 7 A) Types. Male holotype (UFMG 12264) from Brazil, Acre: Senador Guiomard (Fazenda Experimental Catuaba, 10 �� 5 ��� 30 ���S 67 �� 37 ��� 54 ���W, 214 m), 6���16 July 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg. Female paratype (UFMG 12261) from the same locality, 9���18 April 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg. Etymology. The specific name refers to two characteristic ventral black spots on the abdomen of this species. Diagnosis. Males of Philoponella duopunctata can be distinguished from all other tropical American Philoponella species by the presence of a retrolateral process at the median hematodocha (Fig. 4 A). Females can be recognized by the posterior insertion of copulatory duct in spermathecae and the large base of spermathecae (Fig. 4 E). Males and females differ from other Philoponella by the presence of a ventral black spot on the spinnerets and other on the epigastric plate (Fig. 1 E, G). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.29, carapace length 0.99, sternum length 0.51, abdomen length 1.30; leg I, length of articles: femur 1.02, patella 0.20, tibia 0.92, metatarsus 0.94, tarsus 0.66. Length of tibia II 0.41, III 0.28, IV 0.56. Carapace pale-yellow, ocular area black (Fig. 1 D). Chelicerae pale-yellow. Endites and labium black, sternum gray (Fig. 1 E). Legs pale-yellow (Figs. 1 D, E). Abdomen dorsally light gray with a few white spots (Fig. 1 D), ventrally pale-yellow with one black spot on the epigastric plate and another just anterior to the spinnerets (Fig. 1 E). Anal tubercle and posterior lateral spinnerets black, posterior median spinnerets light grey, and anterior lateral spinnerets light grey with black margin (Fig. 1 E). Embolus filiform, in clockwise direction in left palp (Fig. 4 B). Median apophysis bulb tumescent, covering the embolus (Figs. 4 AB, 6 C). Conductor basal lobe almost as long as wide, bean-shaped in retrolateral view (Figs. 4 A, 6 C). Median hematodocha process with a narrow base and a dorsal rounded and a pointed ventral projections (Fig. 4 A, 6 C). Prolateral tubercle of the palpal femur absent, retrolateral small and rounded (Fig. 1 FG). Female (paratype). Total length 2.36, carapace length 0.76, sternum length 0.43, abdomen length 1.60, leg I, length of articles: femur 1.14, patella 0.25, tibia 1.02, metatarsus 0.97, tarsus 0.61. Length of tibia II 0.48, III 0.28, IV 0.69. Colour pattern as in male, except by carapace white and legs dusky-grey (Figs. 1 F, G). Epigynum with a deep atrium with large posterior and anterior rims (Fig. 4 C), copulatory openings in the posterior half of atrium, posterior plate trapezoidal (Fig. 4 D). Spermathecae ovoid with a large base and few apical pores (Fig. 6 F), copulatory ducts short with posterior insertion in the spermathecae, hidden behind a large dorsal membrane (Figs. 4 E, 6 E), fertilization ducts inconspicuous (Fig. 4 E). Variation. Male (N = 6). Carapace length 0.86���0.89, sternum length 0.38���0.46, abdomen length 1.09���1.17. Female (N = 17). Carapace length 0.76���0.86, sternum length 0.43���0.51, abdomen length 1.14���1.58. Additional material examined. Brazil, Acre: Senador Guiomard (Esta����o Experimental Catuaba, 10 �� 5 ��� 30 ���S 67 �� 37 ��� 54 ���W, 214 m), 9���18.IV. 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg., 2 ♂ 1 ♀ (UFMG 12262); 1 ♀ (UFMG 12263); 3 ♀ (UFMG 12269); ditto, 6���16.VII. 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg., 3 ♀ (UFMG 12265); 2 ♂ 4 ♀ (UFMG 12266); 1 ♀ (UFMG 12267); 1 ♂ 3 ♀ (UFMG 12268). Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 7 A)., Published as part of Faleiro, B��rbara T. & Santos, Adalberto J., 2014, Three new species and new records of the orb-weaving spider genus Philoponella (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Brazil and Ecuador, pp. 572-582 in Zootaxa 3754 (5) on pages 577-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3754.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/226016

Philoponella fasciata (Mello-Leit��o, 1917) Distribution. P. fasciata has been known to occur in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina (Platnick 2013, Opell 1979). Here, the distribution in Brazil is expanded (Fig. 7 C). Material examined. Brazil, Bahia: Ilh��us (Reserva Zoobot��nica, CEPLAC, 14 �� 46 ��� 23 ���S 39 �� 13 ��� 14 ���W, 40 m), 8���9.XII. 2010, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 9497); 1 ♀ (UFMG 9498); Una (Reserva Experimental Lemos Maia, CEPLAC, 15 �� 16 ��� 22 ���S 39 �� 5 ��� 32 ���W, 80 m), 7���12.XII. 2010, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 10613); Minas Gerais: Caratinga (Esta����o Biol��gica de Caratinga, Fazenda Montes Claros, 19 �� 46 ���S 42 �� 7 ���W), 13.V. 2000, E.S.S. ��lvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 647); Cataguases (Esta����o Ecol��gica ��gua Limpa, 21 �� 22 ��� 22 ���S 42 �� 42 ��� 53 ���W, 241 m), V. 2010, V.B. Rodrigues & D.C. Cavalari leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4130); ditto, IV. 2010, V.B. Rodrigues & D.C. Cavalari leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4118); 1 ♀ (UFMG 4107); 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (UFMG 4113); Catas Altas (Parque Natural do Cara��a, 20 �� 3 ���S 43 �� 27 ���W), 29.X. 2005, E.S.S. ��lvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 1227); Diamantina (18 �� 14 ��� 17 ���S 43 �� 36 ��� 40 ���W, 1364 m), I. 2004, E.S.S. ��lvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 1789); Itacarambi (Parque Nacional Cavernas do Perua��u, 15 �� 7 ��� 24 ���S 44 �� 14 ��� 25 ���W), 17���22.X. 2010, G.F.B.P. Ferreira leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (UFMG 7848); Juiz de Fora (Reserva Biol��gica Municipal Po��o D���Anta, 21 �� 45 ��� 38 ���S 43 �� 19 ��� 10 ���W), 2���3.IV. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 5318); Marli��ria (Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 �� 39 ��� 31 ���S 42 �� 34 ��� 32 ���W, 266 m), 21.VI. 2010, B.T. Faleiro leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4941); Nova Lima (Reserva Particular do Patrim��nio Natural Mata Samuel de Paula, 20 ��0���S 43 �� 52 ���W, 967 m), 4.VII. 2007, J.P.P. Pena Barbosa et al. leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 2764); ditto, 12���14.X. 2006, J.P.P. Pena Barbosa et al. leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 2763); Ouro Preto (Parque Estadual do Itacolomi, 20 �� 26 ��� 5 ���S 43 �� 30 ��� 33 ���W, 1326 m), 11���13.IV. 2008, A.J. Santos et al leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 3851); Santana do Riacho (Parque Nacional da Serra do Cip��, 19 �� 15 ���S 43 �� 31 ���W), 14.VII. 2001, E.S.S. ��lvares & E.O. Machado leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 1180); ditto, (Parque Nacional da Serra do Cip��, 19 �� 20 ��� 57 ���S 43 �� 37 ��� 10 ���W, 822 m), 16.X. 2009, B.T. Faleiro et al leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 7565); Sete Lagoas (Serra de Santa Helena, 19 �� 28 ���S 44 �� 17 ��� 19 ���W, 908 m), 22.III. 2005, E.S.S. ��lvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 1566); ditto, 5.VIII. 2000, E.S.S. ��lvares leg., 2 ♂ (UFMG 649); ditto, 17.VI. 2001, E.S.S. ��lvares leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (UFMG 1053); Santana do Riacho (Parque Nacional da Serra do Cip��, 19 �� 20 ��� 57 ���S 43 �� 37 ��� 10 ���W, 822 m), 16.X. 2009, B.T. Faleiro et al leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 7564); 1 ♀ (UFMG 7566); ditto, 21���27.VII. 2002, E.S.S. ��lvares & E.O. Machado leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4722); ditto, (Parque Nacional da Serra do Cip��, 19 �� 19 ��� 34 ���S 43 �� 30 ��� 21 ���W, 1215 m), 11.II. 2001, E.S.S. ��lvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 646); Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia (Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, 22 �� 27 ��� 17 ���S 44 �� 36 ��� 30 ���W, 802 m), 15-22.II. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo et al leg., 2 ♀ (UFMG 9742); Rio de Janeiro (Parque Nacional da Tijuca, 22 �� 57 ��� 7 ���S 43 �� 26 ��� 32 ���W, 563 m), II. 2004, E.S.S. ��lvares leg., 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (UFMG 1781); Teres��polis (Parque Nacional da Serra dos ��rg��os, 22 �� 27 ��� 19 ���S 42 �� 59 ��� 20 ���W), 2.II. 2008, M.O. Gonzaga A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 5507); Rio Grande do Sul: Derrubadas (Parque Estadual do Turvo, 27 �� 14 ��� 51 ���S 43 �� 57 ��� 28 ���W, 440 m), 21.III. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 10253)., Published as part of Faleiro, B��rbara T. & Santos, Adalberto J., 2014, Three new species and new records of the orb-weaving spider genus Philoponella (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Brazil and Ecuador, pp. 572-582 in Zootaxa 3754 (5) on page 581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3754.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/226016, {"references":["Platnick, N. I. (2013) The World Spider Catalog, version 13.5. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / iz / spiders / catalog / (accessed 1 January 2013)","Opell, B. D. (1979) Revision of the Genera and Tropical American Species of the Spider Family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 148, 443 - 549."]}

Philoponella divisa Opell, 1979 Distribution. This species, previously known only for the type locality in Colombia (Platnick 2013, Opell 1979), is here newly recorded for Brazil (Fig. 7 C). Material examined. Brazil, Goi��s: Serran��polis (Reserva Particular do Patrim��nio Natural Pousada das Araras, 18 �� 26 ��� 18 ���S 52 ��0��� 14 ���W, 556 m), 10���12.IV. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 9890)., Published as part of Faleiro, B��rbara T. & Santos, Adalberto J., 2014, Three new species and new records of the orb-weaving spider genus Philoponella (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Brazil and Ecuador, pp. 572-582 in Zootaxa 3754 (5) on page 582, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3754.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/226016, {"references":["Opell, B. D. (1979) Revision of the Genera and Tropical American Species of the Spider Family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 148, 443 - 549.","Platnick, N. I. (2013) The World Spider Catalog, version 13.5. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / iz / spiders / catalog / (accessed 1 January 2013)"]}

Philoponella fluviidulcifis new species (Figs. 1 C, 3 A–D, 6 AB, 7 A) Type. Male holotype (UFMG 11538) from Brazil, Minas Gerais: Marliéria (Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 º 42 ’S 42 º 44 ’W, 597 m), 1–10 September 2003, T. Rodrigues et al. leg. Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition composed by the fusion of two Latin words, fluvii (river) and dulcifis (sweet). This name alludes to the type locality of the species, Rio Doce (“Sweet River”) State Park. Diagnosis. Males of Philoponella fluviidulcifis resemble those of the Philoponella semiplumosa species group (see Opell 1979: 532) in having the retrolateral tubercle of the palpal femur longer than the prolateral one (Fig. 3 D), and the conductor spike longer than the apical projection of the median apophysis spur, but can be distinguished from other members of the group and all other tropical American Philoponella species by the median apophysis spur with a large base and the apical projection forming a 180 ° hook (Figs. 3 A, B; 6 A). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 3.72, carapace length 1.40, sternum length 0.56, abdomen length 2.19, leg I, length of articles: femur 2.08, patella 0.28, tibia 1.86, metatarsus 1.83, tarsus 0.79. Length of tibiae II 0.69, III 0.51, IV 1.02. Carapace pale-yellow with two paramedian longitudinal dark bands (Fig. 1 C). Chelicerae pale-yellow. Endites, labium and sternum light grey. Legs pale-yellow (Fig. 1 C). Abdomen dorsally pale-yellow with white spots and posterior region dark (Fig. 1 C), ventrally light brown. Anal tubercle and spinnerets light brown. Embolus filiform, in clockwise direction in left palp (Figs. 3 A, B). Median apophysis bulb not tumescent and not covering the embolus (Figs. 6 A, B). Conductor basal lobe longer than wide, canoe-shaped in retrolateral view (Fig. 3 A). Conductor spike rounded in retrolateral view (Fig. 3 A), acute and curved in apical view (Fig. 3 B) and longer than the apical projection of median apophysis spur (Figs. 3 A, B). Female. Unknown. Variation. Male (N = 4). Carapace length 1.19–1.40, sternum length 0.66–0.71, abdomen length 1.91–2.67. Additional material examined. Brazil, Minas Gerais: Marliéria: Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 º 39 ’ 28 ”S 42 º 34 ’ 22 ”W, 270 m, 21.VIII. 2010, B.T. Faleiro leg, 1 ♂ (UFMG 4972); Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 º 42 ’ 59 ”S 42 º 44 ’ 2 ”W, 597 m, 19–20.V. 2010, A.J. Santos leg, 2 ♂ (UFMG 9516). Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 7 A).

Philoponella fasciata (Mello-Leitão, 1917) Distribution. P. fasciata has been known to occur in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina (Platnick 2013, Opell 1979). Here, the distribution in Brazil is expanded (Fig. 7 C). Material examined. Brazil, Bahia: Ilhéus (Reserva Zoobotânica, CEPLAC, 14 ° 46 ’ 23 ”S 39 ° 13 ’ 14 ”W, 40 m), 8–9.XII. 2010, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 9497); 1 ♀ (UFMG 9498); Una (Reserva Experimental Lemos Maia, CEPLAC, 15 ° 16 ’ 22 ”S 39 ° 5 ’ 32 ”W, 80 m), 7–12.XII. 2010, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 10613); Minas Gerais: Caratinga (Estação Biológica de Caratinga, Fazenda Montes Claros, 19 ° 46 ’S 42 ° 7 ’W), 13.V. 2000, E.S.S. Álvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 647); Cataguases (Estação Ecológica Água Limpa, 21 ° 22 ’ 22 ”S 42 ° 42 ’ 53 ”W, 241 m), V. 2010, V.B. Rodrigues & D.C. Cavalari leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4130); ditto, IV. 2010, V.B. Rodrigues & D.C. Cavalari leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4118); 1 ♀ (UFMG 4107); 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (UFMG 4113); Catas Altas (Parque Natural do Caraça, 20 ° 3 ’S 43 ° 27 ’W), 29.X. 2005, E.S.S. Álvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 1227); Diamantina (18 ° 14 ’ 17 ”S 43 ° 36 ’ 40 ”W, 1364 m), I. 2004, E.S.S. Álvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 1789); Itacarambi (Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu, 15 ° 7 ’ 24 ”S 44 ° 14 ’ 25 ”W), 17–22.X. 2010, G.F.B.P. Ferreira leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (UFMG 7848); Juiz de Fora (Reserva Biológica Municipal Poço D’Anta, 21 ° 45 ’ 38 ”S 43 ° 19 ’ 10 ”W), 2–3.IV. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 5318); Marliéria (Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 ° 39 ’ 31 ”S 42 ° 34 ’ 32 ”W, 266 m), 21.VI. 2010, B.T. Faleiro leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4941); Nova Lima (Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Mata Samuel de Paula, 20 °0’S 43 ° 52 ’W, 967 m), 4.VII. 2007, J.P.P. Pena Barbosa et al. leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 2764); ditto, 12–14.X. 2006, J.P.P. Pena Barbosa et al. leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 2763); Ouro Preto (Parque Estadual do Itacolomi, 20 ° 26 ’ 5 ”S 43 ° 30 ’ 33 ”W, 1326 m), 11–13.IV. 2008, A.J. Santos et al leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 3851); Santana do Riacho (Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó, 19 ° 15 ’S 43 ° 31 ’W), 14.VII. 2001, E.S.S. Álvares & E.O. Machado leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 1180); ditto, (Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó, 19 ° 20 ’ 57 ”S 43 ° 37 ’ 10 ”W, 822 m), 16.X. 2009, B.T. Faleiro et al leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 7565); Sete Lagoas (Serra de Santa Helena, 19 ° 28 ’S 44 ° 17 ’ 19 ”W, 908 m), 22.III. 2005, E.S.S. Álvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 1566); ditto, 5.VIII. 2000, E.S.S. Álvares leg., 2 ♂ (UFMG 649); ditto, 17.VI. 2001, E.S.S. Álvares leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (UFMG 1053); Santana do Riacho (Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó, 19 ° 20 ’ 57 ”S 43 ° 37 ’ 10 ”W, 822 m), 16.X. 2009, B.T. Faleiro et al leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 7564); 1 ♀ (UFMG 7566); ditto, 21–27.VII. 2002, E.S.S. Álvares & E.O. Machado leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4722); ditto, (Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó, 19 ° 19 ’ 34 ”S 43 ° 30 ’ 21 ”W, 1215 m), 11.II. 2001, E.S.S. Álvares leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 646); Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia (Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, 22 ° 27 ’ 17 ”S 44 ° 36 ’ 30 ”W, 802 m), 15-22.II. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo et al leg., 2 ♀ (UFMG 9742); Rio de Janeiro (Parque Nacional da Tijuca, 22 ° 57 ’ 7 ”S 43 ° 26 ’ 32 ”W, 563 m), II. 2004, E.S.S. Álvares leg., 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (UFMG 1781); Teresópolis (Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, 22 ° 27 ’ 19 ”S 42 ° 59 ’ 20 ”W), 2.II. 2008, M.O. Gonzaga A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 5507); Rio Grande do Sul: Derrubadas (Parque Estadual do Turvo, 27 ° 14 ’ 51 ”S 43 ° 57 ’ 28 ”W, 440 m), 21.III. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 10253).

Philoponella republicana (Simon, 1891) Distribution. According to Opell (1979) the distribution of P. republicana includes Panama, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. Here, the distribution is expanded in Brazil, and the first record for Ecuador is provided (Fig. 7 B). Material examined. Brazil, Acre: Cruzeiro do Sul (7 �� 45 ��� 41 ���S 72 �� 22 ��� 46 ���W), 18���20.V. 2010, E.A. Peres & J. Sobczak leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 4792); Goi��s: Serran��polis (Reserva Particular do Patrim��nio Natural Pousada das Araras, 18 �� 26 ��� 18 ���S 52 ��0��� 14 ���W, 556 m), 10���12.IV. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 9890); Minas Gerais: Bandeira (Mata da Balbina, 15 �� 53 ��� 5 ���S 40 �� 33 ��� 33 ���W, 292 m), 2.III.2004, 1♀ (UFMG 11786). Ecuador, Napo: (Estaci��n Biol��gica Jatun-Sacha, 1 �� 3 ��� 57 ���S 77 �� 37 ���W, 410 m), 1���5.XI. 2009, A.J. Santos leg., 3 ♂ (UFMG 9205); 5 ♀ (UFMG 9205)., Published as part of Faleiro, B��rbara T. & Santos, Adalberto J., 2014, Three new species and new records of the orb-weaving spider genus Philoponella (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Brazil and Ecuador, pp. 572-582 in Zootaxa 3754 (5) on page 581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3754.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/226016, {"references":["Opell, B. D. (1979) Revision of the Genera and Tropical American Species of the Spider Family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 148, 443 - 549."]}

Philoponella fluviidulcifis new species (Figs. 1 C, 3 A���D, 6 AB, 7 A) Type. Male holotype (UFMG 11538) from Brazil, Minas Gerais: Marli��ria (Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 �� 42 ���S 42 �� 44 ���W, 597 m), 1���10 September 2003, T. Rodrigues et al. leg. Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition composed by the fusion of two Latin words, fluvii (river) and dulcifis (sweet). This name alludes to the type locality of the species, Rio Doce (���Sweet River���) State Park. Diagnosis. Males of Philoponella fluviidulcifis resemble those of the Philoponella semiplumosa species group (see Opell 1979: 532) in having the retrolateral tubercle of the palpal femur longer than the prolateral one (Fig. 3 D), and the conductor spike longer than the apical projection of the median apophysis spur, but can be distinguished from other members of the group and all other tropical American Philoponella species by the median apophysis spur with a large base and the apical projection forming a 180 �� hook (Figs. 3 A, B; 6 A). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 3.72, carapace length 1.40, sternum length 0.56, abdomen length 2.19, leg I, length of articles: femur 2.08, patella 0.28, tibia 1.86, metatarsus 1.83, tarsus 0.79. Length of tibiae II 0.69, III 0.51, IV 1.02. Carapace pale-yellow with two paramedian longitudinal dark bands (Fig. 1 C). Chelicerae pale-yellow. Endites, labium and sternum light grey. Legs pale-yellow (Fig. 1 C). Abdomen dorsally pale-yellow with white spots and posterior region dark (Fig. 1 C), ventrally light brown. Anal tubercle and spinnerets light brown. Embolus filiform, in clockwise direction in left palp (Figs. 3 A, B). Median apophysis bulb not tumescent and not covering the embolus (Figs. 6 A, B). Conductor basal lobe longer than wide, canoe-shaped in retrolateral view (Fig. 3 A). Conductor spike rounded in retrolateral view (Fig. 3 A), acute and curved in apical view (Fig. 3 B) and longer than the apical projection of median apophysis spur (Figs. 3 A, B). Female. Unknown. Variation. Male (N = 4). Carapace length 1.19���1.40, sternum length 0.66���0.71, abdomen length 1.91���2.67. Additional material examined. Brazil, Minas Gerais: Marli��ria: Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 �� 39 ��� 28 ���S 42 �� 34 ��� 22 ���W, 270 m, 21.VIII. 2010, B.T. Faleiro leg, 1 ♂ (UFMG 4972); Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 �� 42 ��� 59 ���S 42 �� 44 ��� 2 ���W, 597 m, 19���20.V. 2010, A.J. Santos leg, 2 ♂ (UFMG 9516). Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 7 A)., Published as part of Faleiro, B��rbara T. & Santos, Adalberto J., 2014, Three new species and new records of the orb-weaving spider genus Philoponella (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Brazil and Ecuador, pp. 572-582 in Zootaxa 3754 (5) on pages 576-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3754.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/226016, {"references":["Opell, B. D. (1979) Revision of the Genera and Tropical American Species of the Spider Family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 148, 443 - 549."]}

Philoponella divisa Opell, 1979 Distribution. This species, previously known only for the type locality in Colombia (Platnick 2013, Opell 1979), is here newly recorded for Brazil (Fig. 7 C). Material examined. Brazil, Goiás: Serranópolis (Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Pousada das Araras, 18 ° 26 ’ 18 ”S 52 °0’ 14 ”W, 556 m), 10–12.IV. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 9890).

Philoponella vittata (Keyserling, 1881) Distribution. P. vittata is distributed from Panama to Paraguay, except in Venezuela and French Guyana (Platnick 2013, Opell 1979). There is only one record for Brazil, in the state of Acre (Opell, 1979). Here, the distribution is expanded in Ecuador and northern Brazil, and new records for south-eastern Brazil were reported (Fig. 7 B). Material examined. Brazil, Acre: Cruzeiro do Sul (7 �� 45 ��� 41 ���S 72 �� 22 ��� 46 ���W), 18���20.V. 2010, E.A. Peres & J. Sobczak leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4791); Manoel Urbano (Parque Estadual do Chandless, 9 �� 24 ��� 29 ���S 69 �� 55 ��� 45 ���W), 23���31. XI. 2010, E. F. Morato leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 6188); Amazonas: Manaus (Fazenda Dimona, 2 �� 20 ��� 28 ���S 60 �� 5 ��� 51 ���W), 4���10.VIII. 2009, A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 3481); Bahia: Ilh��us (Reserva Zoobot��nica, CEPLAC, 14 �� 46 ��� 23 ���S 39 �� 13 ��� 14 ���W, 40 m), 8���9.XII. 2010, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 9 ♂ 4 ♀ (UFMG 9499); Goi��s: Serran��polis (Reserva Particular do Patrim��nio Natural Pousada das Araras, 18 �� 26 ��� 18 ���S 52 ��0��� 14 ���W, 556 m), 10��� 12.IV. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 6 ♀ (UFMG 9891); Mato Grosso: Cotrigua��u (Fazenda S��o Nicolau, 9 �� 50 ��� 24 ���S 58 �� 14 ��� 54 ���W), 2���14.X. 2010, A.J. Santos leg., 2 ♂ (UFMG 10044); Minas Gerais: Bandeira (Mata da Balbina, 15 �� 53 ��� 5 ���S 40 �� 33 ��� 33 ���W, 292 m), 2.III.2004, 1♂ (UFMG 1682); Gouveia (Picada, 18 �� 27 ��� 1 ���S 43 �� 44 ���W), 15���20.II. 2012, P.H. Martins leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 11419); Ibi�� (19 �� 28 ��� 44 ���S 46 �� 32 ��� 21 ���W, 835 m), 14.I. 2012, P.H. Martins leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 11351); Marli��ria (Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 �� 39 ��� 31 ���S 42 �� 34 ��� 32 ���W, 266 m), 21.VI. 2010, B.T. Faleiro leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4940); 1 ♂ (UFMG 4961); ditto, 20.VII. 2010, B.T. Faleiro leg., 2 ♂ (UFMG 4980); ditto (Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 �� 42 ��� 59 ���S 42 �� 44 ��� 2 ���W, 597m), 19- 20.V. 2010, A.J. Santos leg., 4 ♂ 3 ♀ (UFMG 9517); Par��: Bel��m (Parque Ambiental de Bel��m, Utinga, 1 �� 25 ��� 29 ���S 48 �� 26 ��� 17 ���W, 19 m), II. 2010, G.H.F. Azevedo et al. leg., 6 ♀ (UFMG 9958). Ecuador, Napo: (Estaci��n Biol��gica Jatun-Sacha, 1 �� 3 ��� 57 ���S 77 �� 37 ���W, 410 m), 1���5.XII. 2009, A.J. Santos leg., 10 ♂ 2 ♀ (UFMG 9206)., Published as part of Faleiro, B��rbara T. & Santos, Adalberto J., 2014, Three new species and new records of the orb-weaving spider genus Philoponella (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Brazil and Ecuador, pp. 572-582 in Zootaxa 3754 (5) on page 579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3754.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/226016, {"references":["Platnick, N. I. (2013) The World Spider Catalog, version 13.5. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / iz / spiders / catalog / (accessed 1 January 2013)","Opell, B. D. (1979) Revision of the Genera and Tropical American Species of the Spider Family Uloboridae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 148, 443 - 549."]}

Philoponella duopunctata new species (Figs. 1 D–G, 4 A–G, 6 C–F, 7 A) Types. Male holotype (UFMG 12264) from Brazil, Acre: Senador Guiomard (Fazenda Experimental Catuaba, 10 ° 5 ’ 30 ”S 67 ° 37 ’ 54 ”W, 214 m), 6–16 July 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg. Female paratype (UFMG 12261) from the same locality, 9–18 April 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg. Etymology. The specific name refers to two characteristic ventral black spots on the abdomen of this species. Diagnosis. Males of Philoponella duopunctata can be distinguished from all other tropical American Philoponella species by the presence of a retrolateral process at the median hematodocha (Fig. 4 A). Females can be recognized by the posterior insertion of copulatory duct in spermathecae and the large base of spermathecae (Fig. 4 E). Males and females differ from other Philoponella by the presence of a ventral black spot on the spinnerets and other on the epigastric plate (Fig. 1 E, G). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 2.29, carapace length 0.99, sternum length 0.51, abdomen length 1.30; leg I, length of articles: femur 1.02, patella 0.20, tibia 0.92, metatarsus 0.94, tarsus 0.66. Length of tibia II 0.41, III 0.28, IV 0.56. Carapace pale-yellow, ocular area black (Fig. 1 D). Chelicerae pale-yellow. Endites and labium black, sternum gray (Fig. 1 E). Legs pale-yellow (Figs. 1 D, E). Abdomen dorsally light gray with a few white spots (Fig. 1 D), ventrally pale-yellow with one black spot on the epigastric plate and another just anterior to the spinnerets (Fig. 1 E). Anal tubercle and posterior lateral spinnerets black, posterior median spinnerets light grey, and anterior lateral spinnerets light grey with black margin (Fig. 1 E). Embolus filiform, in clockwise direction in left palp (Fig. 4 B). Median apophysis bulb tumescent, covering the embolus (Figs. 4 AB, 6 C). Conductor basal lobe almost as long as wide, bean-shaped in retrolateral view (Figs. 4 A, 6 C). Median hematodocha process with a narrow base and a dorsal rounded and a pointed ventral projections (Fig. 4 A, 6 C). Prolateral tubercle of the palpal femur absent, retrolateral small and rounded (Fig. 1 FG). Female (paratype). Total length 2.36, carapace length 0.76, sternum length 0.43, abdomen length 1.60, leg I, length of articles: femur 1.14, patella 0.25, tibia 1.02, metatarsus 0.97, tarsus 0.61. Length of tibia II 0.48, III 0.28, IV 0.69. Colour pattern as in male, except by carapace white and legs dusky-grey (Figs. 1 F, G). Epigynum with a deep atrium with large posterior and anterior rims (Fig. 4 C), copulatory openings in the posterior half of atrium, posterior plate trapezoidal (Fig. 4 D). Spermathecae ovoid with a large base and few apical pores (Fig. 6 F), copulatory ducts short with posterior insertion in the spermathecae, hidden behind a large dorsal membrane (Figs. 4 E, 6 E), fertilization ducts inconspicuous (Fig. 4 E). Variation. Male (N = 6). Carapace length 0.86–0.89, sternum length 0.38–0.46, abdomen length 1.09–1.17. Female (N = 17). Carapace length 0.76–0.86, sternum length 0.43–0.51, abdomen length 1.14–1.58. Additional material examined. Brazil, Acre: Senador Guiomard (Estação Experimental Catuaba, 10 ° 5 ’ 30 ”S 67 ° 37 ’ 54 ”W, 214 m), 9–18.IV. 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg., 2 ♂ 1 ♀ (UFMG 12262); 1 ♀ (UFMG 12263); 3 ♀ (UFMG 12269); ditto, 6–16.VII. 2012, P.R. Zanoli & I.A. Barros leg., 3 ♀ (UFMG 12265); 2 ♂ 4 ♀ (UFMG 12266); 1 ♀ (UFMG 12267); 1 ♂ 3 ♀ (UFMG 12268). Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 7 A).

Faleiro, Bárbara T., Santos, Adalberto J. (2014): Three new species and new records of the orb-weaving spider genus Philoponella (Araneae, Uloboridae) from Brazil and Ecuador. Zootaxa 3754 (5): 572-582, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3754.5.3

Philoponella republicana (Simon, 1891) Distribution. According to Opell (1979) the distribution of P. republicana includes Panama, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. Here, the distribution is expanded in Brazil, and the first record for Ecuador is provided (Fig. 7 B). Material examined. Brazil, Acre: Cruzeiro do Sul (7 ° 45 ’ 41 ”S 72 ° 22 ’ 46 ”W), 18–20.V. 2010, E.A. Peres & J. Sobczak leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 4792); Goiás: Serranópolis (Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Pousada das Araras, 18 ° 26 ’ 18 ”S 52 °0’ 14 ”W, 556 m), 10–12.IV. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 9890); Minas Gerais: Bandeira (Mata da Balbina, 15 ° 53 ’ 5 ”S 40 ° 33 ’ 33 ”W, 292 m), 2.III.2004, 1♀ (UFMG 11786). Ecuador, Napo: (Estación Biológica Jatun-Sacha, 1 ° 3 ’ 57 ”S 77 ° 37 ’W, 410 m), 1–5.XI. 2009, A.J. Santos leg., 3 ♂ (UFMG 9205); 5 ♀ (UFMG 9205).

Philoponella vittata (Keyserling, 1881) Distribution. P. vittata is distributed from Panama to Paraguay, except in Venezuela and French Guyana (Platnick 2013, Opell 1979). There is only one record for Brazil, in the state of Acre (Opell, 1979). Here, the distribution is expanded in Ecuador and northern Brazil, and new records for south-eastern Brazil were reported (Fig. 7 B). Material examined. Brazil, Acre: Cruzeiro do Sul (7 ° 45 ’ 41 ”S 72 ° 22 ’ 46 ”W), 18–20.V. 2010, E.A. Peres & J. Sobczak leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4791); Manoel Urbano (Parque Estadual do Chandless, 9 ° 24 ’ 29 ”S 69 ° 55 ’ 45 ”W), 23–31. XI. 2010, E. F. Morato leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 6188); Amazonas: Manaus (Fazenda Dimona, 2 ° 20 ’ 28 ”S 60 ° 5 ’ 51 ”W), 4–10.VIII. 2009, A.J. Santos leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 3481); Bahia: Ilhéus (Reserva Zoobotânica, CEPLAC, 14 ° 46 ’ 23 ”S 39 ° 13 ’ 14 ”W, 40 m), 8–9.XII. 2010, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 9 ♂ 4 ♀ (UFMG 9499); Goiás: Serranópolis (Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Pousada das Araras, 18 ° 26 ’ 18 ”S 52 °0’ 14 ”W, 556 m), 10– 12.IV. 2011, G.H.F. Azevedo & A.J. Santos leg., 6 ♀ (UFMG 9891); Mato Grosso: Cotriguaçu (Fazenda São Nicolau, 9 ° 50 ’ 24 ”S 58 ° 14 ’ 54 ”W), 2–14.X. 2010, A.J. Santos leg., 2 ♂ (UFMG 10044); Minas Gerais: Bandeira (Mata da Balbina, 15 ° 53 ’ 5 ”S 40 ° 33 ’ 33 ”W, 292 m), 2.III.2004, 1♂ (UFMG 1682); Gouveia (Picada, 18 ° 27 ’ 1 ”S 43 ° 44 ’W), 15–20.II. 2012, P.H. Martins leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 11419); Ibiá (19 ° 28 ’ 44 ”S 46 ° 32 ’ 21 ”W, 835 m), 14.I. 2012, P.H. Martins leg., 1 ♀ (UFMG 11351); Marliéria (Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 ° 39 ’ 31 ”S 42 ° 34 ’ 32 ”W, 266 m), 21.VI. 2010, B.T. Faleiro leg., 1 ♂ (UFMG 4940); 1 ♂ (UFMG 4961); ditto, 20.VII. 2010, B.T. Faleiro leg., 2 ♂ (UFMG 4980); ditto (Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 19 ° 42 ’ 59 ”S 42 ° 44 ’ 2 ”W, 597m), 19- 20.V. 2010, A.J. Santos leg., 4 ♂ 3 ♀ (UFMG 9517); Pará: Belém (Parque Ambiental de Belém, Utinga, 1 ° 25 ’ 29 ”S 48 ° 26 ’ 17 ”W, 19 m), II. 2010, G.H.F. Azevedo et al. leg., 6 ♀ (UFMG 9958). Ecuador, Napo: (Estación Biológica Jatun-Sacha, 1 ° 3 ’ 57 ”S 77 ° 37 ’W, 410 m), 1–5.XII. 2009, A.J. Santos leg., 10 ♂ 2 ♀ (UFMG 9206).