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Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail : pkbhatta@iitk.ac.in Fax : 91-512-250104 Reverse Osmosis Engineering Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364 002, Gujarat, India E-mail : rknagarale@csmcri.org Fax : 91-278-2567562 We report the synthesis of a new proton-conducting polymer membrane using poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO). Sulfonated PPO was synthesized by direct sulfonation using chlorosulfonic acid as the sulfonating reagent. The sulfonated PPO (sPPO)-poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes were prepared in different ratios. To assess the membrane performance the following characterizations were carried out : ion-exchange capacities, water uptakes, transport numbers, water-diffusion coefficients, and conductivities. The thermal decomposition of poly(vinyl alcohol)-sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) (PVA sPPO) membranes was similar to be the pure sPPO membrane. Proton conductivities of PVA-sPPO membranes increased with increasing sulfonation content and the conductivity value of the PVA-sPPO 70 membrane was 0.0092 S cm–1. The membrane potential sPPO-PVA 70 membrane was 57 mV at 0.00625 N HCl which compared favourably to other sPPO-PVA membranes. The transport number of sPPO-PVA 70 was 0.97. Overall, the sPPO-PVA 70 exhibited very good properties when compared to other sPPO-PVA membranes.

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, AI-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt Manuscript received 18 January 1984, accepted 21 July 1984 In this communication we report a kinetic investigation on a resin similar to that of Gregor's type with higher capacity. The detailed procedure of synthesis and characterisa­tion is reported. The kinetic results of this high capacity oleophilic cation exchange resin in the 22Na isotope with 23Na are discussed and compared to that of the low capacity resin published elsewhere". The purpose of this study in pure ethanol medium is to confirm the mechanistic behavior of the exchange process of these types of resins in pure non-aqueous medium. Also this study includes the effect of sulphonation of the resin on the rates of exchange.&nbsp

Rubiadin. Part II. Synthesis of 2-Methyl-1 : 3-dioxyanthraquinone.

The sulphonation of monoethylaniline and the N-ethylation of p-toluene-sulphonyl-sulphanilic, metanilic and orthanilic acids, has been studied and it has been found that the sulphonation proceeds exactly as in the case ofmonomethylaniline.