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Reithrodontomys albilabris Merriam, 1901 Type locality. “ Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico (altitude 10,000 ft.)”. Synonym. Reithrodontomys microdon albilabris Merriam, 1901:549. Type locality: see above. Distribution. Oaxacan Highlands. Known range (in addition to type locality) included Cerro Zempoaltepec, Vista Hermosa, Llano de las Flores, Cerro Pelón (Hall 1981), and Ixtepeji (this study), Mexico. Remarks. Reithrodontomys albilabris comprises the specimens representing haplogroup IV, with the exception of the individual CMC 1627. Information on type material and morphological characteristics is available in Merriam (1901) and Howell (1914)., Published as part of Martínez-Borrego, Daily, Arellano, Elizabeth, González-Cózatl, Francisco X, Castro-Arellano, Ivan, León-Paniagua, Livia & Rogers, Duke S, 2022, Molecular systematics of the Reithrodontomys tenuirostris group (Rodentia: Cricetidae) highlighting the Reithrodontomys microdon species complex, pp. 29-44 in Journal of Mammalogy 103 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyab133, http://zenodo.org/record/7832553, {"references":["Merriam C. H. 1901. Descriptions of 23 new harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys). Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences 3: 547 - 558.","Hall E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. 2 nd ed. Vol. 2. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley.","Howell A. H. 1914. Revision of the American harvest mice (Genus Reithrodontomys). North American Fauna 36: 1 - 97."]}

Reithrodontomys microdon Merriam, 1901 Type locality. “ Todos Santos, Guatemala (altitude 10,000 ft.)”. Synonym. Reithrodontomys microdon microdon Merriam, 1901:548. Type locality: see above. Distribution. Highlands of Guatemala (Howell 1914), and the extreme southern portion of Mexico (Hooper 1952). This species is distributed from the highlands of central and southern Chiapas in Mexico to the southwestern region of Guatemala. Remarks. For additional information on type material, cranial measurements, morphological characteristics, habitat, and comparisons with other species of the subgenus Aporodon, see Hooper (1952:170)., Published as part of Martínez-Borrego, Daily, Arellano, Elizabeth, González-Cózatl, Francisco X, Castro-Arellano, Ivan, León-Paniagua, Livia & Rogers, Duke S, 2022, Molecular systematics of the Reithrodontomys tenuirostris group (Rodentia: Cricetidae) highlighting the Reithrodontomys microdon species complex, pp. 29-44 in Journal of Mammalogy 103 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyab133, http://zenodo.org/record/7832553, {"references":["Merriam C. H. 1901. Descriptions of 23 new harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys). Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences 3: 547 - 558.","Howell A. H. 1914. Revision of the American harvest mice (Genus Reithrodontomys). North American Fauna 36: 1 - 97.","Hooper E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (Genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 77: 1 - 255."]}

222. Cozumel Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys spectabilis French: Souris-moissonneuse de Cozumel / German: Cozumel-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de Cozumel Other common names: Cozumel Island Harvest Mouse Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys spectabilis |. K. Jones & Lawlor, 1965, 2-5 mi (= 4 km) north of San Miguel, Isla Cozumel, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Reithrodontomys spectabilis 1s in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. Cozumel I, off Yucatan Peninsula, SE Mexico. Descriptive notes. Head-body 84-89 mm, tail 121-132 mm, hindfoot 20-22 mm; weight 18-21 g. The Cozumel Harvest Mouse is one of the largest species of Reithrodontomys. Dorsum is brownish ocher, and sides are brighter in color. Venter is grayish white, with pinkish buff pectoral spot. Tail is slightly darker above than below, longer than head-body length, and scantily haired. The Cozumel Harvest Mouse is similar to the Slender Harvest Mouse (R. gracilis) and the Mexican Harvest Mouse (R. mexicanus); however,it is much bigger and darker and has more robust skull, and tail exceeds almost 34% of head-body length. Habitat. Dense, secondary vegetation (i.e. vine covered habitat adjacent to a forested area) and mature, deciduous forests. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. Juveniles subadults, and lactating females have been caught in August;at the same time, adult scrotal males with testicles of 9-1 mm, 13 mm, and 14 mm in length were collected. Activity patterns. The Cozumel Harvest Mouse is nocturnal and might be arboreal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Critically Endangered on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Engstrom et al. (1989), Hooper (1952a), Jones, J. K. (1982), Jones, J. K. & Lawlor (1965), Jones, J. K. et al. (1974), Tellez-Girén & Sanchez (2014c)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 368-369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

219. Slender Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys gracilis French: Souris-moissonneuse gracile / German: Zierliche Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero esbelto Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys mexicanus gracilis J. A. Allen & F. M. Chapman, 1897, Chichén-Itza, Yucatan, Mexico. Reithrodontomys gracilis is in subgenus Aporodon. Four subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R. g. gracilis J. A. Allen & F. M. Chapman, 1897 — Yucatan Peninsula (SE Mexico, Belize, and N Guatemala). R.g.anthony:Goodwin,1932—CGuatemala,SWHonduras,andmostofElSalvador. R.g.harrisiGoodwin,1945—fromextremeSHondurasStoNWCostaRica. R.g.insularisJ.K.Jones,1964—knownonlyfromIsladelCarmen,CampecheState,SEMexico. R. g. pacificus Goodwin, 1932 — Pacific coastal area of SE Mexico (Chiapas State), S Guatemala, and SW El Salvador. Descriptive notes. Head—body ¢.76-78 mm, tail 87-107 mm, ear 13-16 mm, hindfoot 17-20 mm; weight 10-11 g. The Slender Harvest Mouse is small, with slender, scantily haired, bicolored tail, 97-155% of head-body length. Dorsal pelage is short, cinnamon-pink to shinny ocherous brown, and grizzled in appearance. Venter is white to bright orange-cinnamon. Soles and backs of feet are generally white but can be dusky. Ears are darker than body and sparsely haired. Habitat. Tropical deciduous and pine (Pinus, Pinaceae) forests, perennial forests, thorn forests, xeric forests, and coconut and coffee plantations from sea level to elevations of 1370 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. Breeding season can extend from the beginning of winter through midautumn. Pregnant females have been captured in the Yucatan and del Carmen Islands in July-August and scrotal males in April, June, and July. In Central America, females with embryos have been collected in March, June, and July. Activity patterns. The Slender Harvest Mouse is presumably nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Allen & Chapman (1897b), Anderson & Jones (1960), Burt & Stirton (1961), Goodwin (1932b, 1945, 1946), Hall (1981), Hooper (1952a), Jones (1964), Jones & Genoways (1970), Sanchez (1993), Téllez & Sanchez (2014a), Young & Jones (1984)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 368, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

227. Costa Rican Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys cherrii French: Souris-moissonneuse de Cherrie / German: Costa-Rica-Erntemaus / Spanish: Ratén espiguero de Costa Rica Taxonomy. Heperomys (Vesperimus) cherrii J. A. Allen, 1891, San José, Costa Rica. Reithrodontomys cherrii was considered a subspecies of R. mexicanus and elevated to species status in 2005. Reithrodontomys cherrii is in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. C Costa Rica. Descriptive notes. Head—body 67-85 mm, tail 101-117 mm, ear 14-18 mm, hindfoot 17-20 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Costa Rican Harvest Mouse is one of the largest and most brilliantly colored species of Reithrodontomys. Dorsum and sides are bright orange (zinc orange or ocherous orange). Braincase is deep and strongly convex, and toothrow is long. Compared with the Short-nosed Harvest Mouse (R. brevirostris), the Costa Rican Harvest Mouse has a relatively short tail. Habitat. Montane regions of central Costa Rica, including Cordillera Central and Cordillera de Talamanca, at elevations of 913-2134 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Not assessed on The [UCN Red List. Given relatively restricted distribution and lack of biological knowledge, the Costa Rican Harvest Mouse should be carefully monitored. Bibliography. Allen (1891a), Arellano et al. (2005), Gardner & Carleton (2009), Hooper (1952a)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 369-370, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

218. Darien Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys darienensis French: Souris-moissonneuse du Darien / German: Darien-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de Darién Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys darienensis Pearson, 1939, upper Rio Tuyra, Santa Cruz de Cana, 2000 ft. (= 610 m), upper Rio Tuyra, Darién, Panama. Reithrodontomys darienensis is in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to E Panama. Descriptive notes. Head-body c.62-65 mm, tail 100-112 mm, ear 14-15 mm, hindfoot 17-19 mm; weight 10 g. The Darien Har vest Mouse is medium-sized. Dorsum is pale brown, with peppered or streaked pattern. Venter varies from white to orangecinnamon. Tail is long compared to that of the Slender Harvest Mouse (R. gracilis). Rastrum and braincase are shorter than in the Slender Harvest Mouse. Habitat. Lowland tropical deciduous forests with dense stands of oaks (Quercus, Fagaceae) interspersed with shrubs and grasses up to elevations of ¢.900 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Darien Harvest Mouse is presumably nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Hall (1981), Hooper (1952a), Pearson (1939)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 367-368, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

226. Small-toothed Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys microdon French: Souris-moissonneuse a petites dents / German: Kleinzahn-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de dientes pequenos Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys microdon Merriam, 1901, “Todos Santos, Guatemala (altitude 10,000 ft. [= 3048 m]).” Reithrodontomys microdon is in subgenus Aporodon. Three subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R.m.microdonMerriam,1901—fromCChiapasState(SEMexico)StoCGuatemala. R.m.albilabrisMerriam,1901—NCOaxacaState(SMexico). R. m. wagner Hooper, 1950 — from C Michoacan E to México states (C Mexico). Descriptive notes. Head-body c.68-70 mm, tail 101-117 mm, ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 19-21 mm; weight 20 g. The Small-toothed Harvest Mouse is mediumto large-sized. Dorsal pelage is thick and cinnamon-orange to dark reddish brown. Venter is whitish to bright orangish or pinkish cinnamon. Eyes have distinct black rings. Hindfeet are blackish, sometimes rimmed with white. Tail is unicolored and blackish. Habitat. Hillsides and canyons in pine-fir and pine-oak forests at elevations of 2225— 3050 m. Small-toothed Harvest Mice prefer typical cloud forest, montane grassland and shrubland (zacatonal), or volcanic habitat where undergrowth consists of ferns, mosses, and shrubs. Food and Feeding. The Small-toothed Harvest Mouse feeds on seeds, grains, grasses, and other vegetation. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Small-toothed Harvest Mouse is the most arboreal and specialized species of Reithrodontomys. It is presumably nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Because populations of Small-toothed Harvest Mice are supposedly declining, further investigation is needed to accurately assess its conservation status. Bibliography. Hall (1981), Hooper (1950, 1952a), Merriam (1901b), M{idespacher & Gaona (2014), Sanchez (1993)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

240. Zacatecan Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys zacatecae French: Souris-moissonneuse du Zacatecas / German: Zacateca-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de Zacatecas Other common names: Zacatecas Harvest Mouse Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys megalotis zacatecae Merriam, 1901, Sierra de Valparaiso, Zacatecus, Mexico. Reithrodontomys zacatecae was originally described as a subspecies of R. megalotis. In 1952, it was proposed that it could represent a valid species, a contention supported by chromosomal studies and DNA sequences. Reithrodontomys zacatecae is in subgenus Reithrodontomys. Monotypic. Distribution. Sierra Madre Occidental from W Chihuahua S to WC Michoacan states (W Mexico). Descriptive notes. Head—body 61-70 mm, tail 67-87 mm, ear 13-18 mm, hindfoot 17-20 mm; weight 9-13 g. Dorsum of the Zacatecan Harvest Mouse is reddish brown, with dark stripe down mid-dorsal line. Pelage is grizzled similar to the Western Harvest Mouse (R. megalotis) but more intense. Venteris paler than dorsum. Habitat. Open grasslands in pine-oak forests at elevations of 1828-2590 m. The Zacatecan Harvest Mouse occurs at higher elevations than the Western Harvest Mouse, although they are often parapatric. Food and Feeding. Probably similar to the Western Harvest Mouse. Breeding. No information, but the Zacatecan Harvest Mouse is probably similar to the Western Harvest Mouse. Activity patterns. Probably similar to the Western Harvest Mouse. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Probably similar to the Western Harvest Mouse. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Anderson (1972), Baker & Greer (1962), Bell et al. (2001), Hood et al. (1984), Hooper (1952a), Matson & Baker (1986), Merriam (1901b), Sanchez (2014e)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 373, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

221. Nicaraguan Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys paradoxus French: Souris-moissonneuse du Nicaragua / German: Nicaragua-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de Nicaragua Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys paradoxus J. K. Jones & Genoways, 1970, 3 mi (= 5 km) NNW Diriamba, ¢. 660 m, Carazo Dept., Nicaragua. Reithrodontomys paradoxus is in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. Known only from isolated records in SW Nicaragua and WC Costa Rica. Descriptive notes. Head-body 71-72, tail 96-101 mm, ear 13 mm, hindfoot 18 mm; for two individuals from the type locality. No specific data are available for body weight. The Nicaraguan Harvest Mouse is small; dorsum is buffy brown, infused with ocherous hairs; sides are ocherous; and venter is white. Hindfoot has characteristic wedgeshaped dusky area that extends to bases of toes. Tail is long relative to head-body length. Skull resembles that of the Short-nosed Harvest Mouse (R. brevirostris), but it is longer and less inflated. Habitat. Foothills in south-western Nicaragua and west-central Costa Rica. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Nicaraguan Harvest Mouse is presumably nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Hooper (1952a), Jones & Baldassarre (1982), Jones & Genoways (1970)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 368, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

238. Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys raviventris French: Souris-moissonneuse a ventre gris / German: Salzsumpf-Ernttemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de marisma Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys raviventris Dixon, 1908, “Redwood City, San Mateo County, Calif[ornia].,” USA. Reithrodontomys raviventris is in subgenus Reithrodontomys. Two subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R.r.raviventrisDixon,1908—SportionofSanFranciscoBay,California(USA). R. r. halicoetes Dixon, 1909 — N portion of San Francisco Bay, California (USA). Descriptive notes. Head—body 62-80 mm, tail 56-95 mm, hindfoot 20-22 mm; weight 8-15 g. Dorsum of the Saltmarsh Harvest Mouse has a mix of long,thick, blackish and cinnamon hairs. Tawny lateralstrip is present. Venter is white to cinnamon. Ears are blackish, with tuft of ocherous hair at bases. Tail is about as long as head-body and indistinctly bicolored. Habitat. Salt and brackish marshes dominated by grasses and species of Salicornia (Amaranthaceae). Food and Feeding. The Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse reportedly eats glasswort (Salicornia) and tule (Schoenoplectus, Cyperaceae). Breeding. Reproductive activity is thought to occur in March-November. Average litter sizes are 3-7-3-9 young. Activity patterns. No information. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Dixon (1908, 1909), Fisler (1965), Hooper (1952a), Shellhammer et al. (1982)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 372, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

231. Fulvous Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys fulvescens French: Souris-moissonneuse fauve / German: Gelbliche Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero leonado Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys mexicanus fulvescensJ. A. Allen, 1894, Oposura, 2000 ft (= 610 m), Sonora, Mexico. Reithrodontomys fulvescens is in subgenus Reithrodontomys. Seventeen subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R. f fulvescens J. A. Allen, 1894 — SE Arnizona (SW USA) and NE Sonora State (NW Mexico). R.f.amoenusElliot,1905—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityinReforma,Oaxaca(SMexico). R.f.awrantiusJ.A.Allen,1895—fromSEKansasandSWMissouriSintoTexas,Louisiana,andMississippi(USA). R.f.canusBenson,1939—SWTexas(USA)andNCMexico. R.f.chiapensisA.H.Howell,1914—fromChiapasState(SEMexico)SEtoHonduras. R.f.difficilisMerriam,1901—WCVeracruz,EHidalgo,andPueblastates(ECMexico). R.f.griseoflavusMerriam,1901—CMexico. R.f.helvolusMerriam,1901—EGuerreroandOaxacastates(SMexico). R.f.infernatisHooper,1950—SedgeofPueblaandNOaxacastates(SMexico). R.f.intermediusJ.A.Allen,1895—STexas(USA)andNEMexico. R.f.laceyi].A.Allen,1896—CTexas(SUSA). R. f. menidionalis S. Anderson &J. K. Jones, 1960 — W Nicaragua. R.f.mustelinusA.H.Howell,1914—fromSMichoacanSEtoSOaxaca(SMexico). R.f.nelsoniA.H.Howell,1914—ColimaandWedgeofJalisco(WMexico). R.f.tenuis].A.Allen,1899—SSonoraandChihuahuaStoNayaritstates(WMexico). R.f.toltecusMerriam,1901—portionsofQuerétaro,Hidalgo,México,andMichoacanstates(ECMexico). R. f. tropicalis Davis, 1944 — from S Tamaulipas S to C Veracruz states (E Mexico). Descriptive notes. Head—body 62-84 mm,tail 72-116 mm, ear 11-17 mm, hindfoot 16-22 mm; weight 8-12 g. The Fulvous Harvest Mouse is small, with relatively long tail. Dorsum has a mix of reddish brown and black hairs, producing grizzled or salt-andpepper appearance. Venter is pale to whitish. Pelage along sides is often ocherous. Tail is generally paler underneath and dark above. Rostrum is robust, and braincase is elongated. Habitat. Moderately dry forested areas of pine (Pinus, Pinaceae) and oak (Quercus, Fagaceae) or mesquite (Prosopis, Fabaceae), deciduous forests, thorn scrublands, grasslands, xeric shrublands, and less commonly tropical forests from sea level to elevations of ¢.2600 m. Generally, Fulvous Harvest Mice occupy ecotones of grasslands and rocky outcrops with patches of scrub or wooded areas that provide protection. Food and Feeding. The Fulvous Harvest Mouse is omnivorous. During rainy season, diets can be almost 90% invertebrates, but during remainder of the year, seeds are the most significant parts of diets. Breeding. Fulvous Harvest Mice can reproduce throughout the year. Gestation is ¢.22 days, and generally at least two litters are produced annually. Litters have 2-8 young (average three). They construct spherical nests of grass, placed several inches below soil surface. Young are altricial at birth and are weaned at c.15 days old. Activity patterns. The Fulvous Harvest Mouse is semi-arboreal and thoughtto be strictly nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. In central Mexico, average density of the Fulvous Harvest Mouse is 0-6 ind/ha. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Allen (1894b, 1895a, 1896, 1899a), Anderson & Jones (1960), Benson (1939), Cameron et al. (1979), Ceballos & Miranda (2000), Chavez (1993), Davis, W.B. (1944), Elliot (1905), Hall (1981), Hooper (1950, 1952a), Howell (1914), Kincaid (1975), Merriam (1901b), Packard (1968), Petersen (1978), Sanchez (1993), Sanchez & Oliva (2014a), Spencer & Cameron (1982), Svihla (1930)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 370-371, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

217. Short-nosed Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys brevirostris French: Souris-moissonneuse a nez court / German: Kurznasen-Erntemaus / Spanish: Ratén espiguero de hocico corto Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys brevirostris Goodwin, 1943, canyons above Villa Quesada, 5000 ft. (= 1524 m), Alajuela Province, Costa Rica. Reithrodontomys mexicanus potrerograndei is recognized as a subjective junior synonym of R. brevirostris. Reithrodontomys brevirostris is in subgenus Aporodon. Two subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R.b.brevirostrisGoodwin,1943—knownonlyfromtwodisjunctareasintheCordilleraCentralofNC&SECostaRica. R. b. nicaraguae]. K. Jones & Genoways, 1970 — known only from the type locality and surrounding regions of the Cordillera Dariense in NC Nicaragua. Descriptive notes. Head-body 62-69 mm, tail 97-114 mm, ear 14-16 mm, hindfoot 16-19 mm; weight 11-16 g. The Short-nosed Harvest Mouse is small to medium-sized, with dense, long, and lax pelage characteristic of some species in subgenus Aporodon. Dorsum is dark, with ocherous color along sides; venter is lighter. Hindfoot has characteristic wedge-shaped dusky area that extends to bases of toes. Tail is long relative to head-body length. Skull is small, and rostrum is short and narrow. Habitat. Cloud forest areas of the Cordillera Central in central Costa Rica and Cordillera Dariensis in north-central Nicaragua. In both areas, Short-nosed Harvest Mice were collected in areas cleared for cultivation of coffee plants, near bases of broadleafed native trees. They also were collected in deep rocky canyons. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. Reproductively active males were collected in June-July, and pregnantfemales were captured in June. Activity patterns. The Short-nosed Harvest Mouse is presumably nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red Lust. Bibliography. Gardner & Carleton (2009), Goodwin (1943, 1946), Hooper (1952a), Jones & Baldassarre (1982), Jones & Genoways (1970)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 367, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

235. Eastern Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys humulis French: Souris-moissonneuse de I'Est / German: Ostliche Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero oriental Taxonomy. Mus humulis Audubon & Bachman, 1841, vicinity of Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, USA. Reithrodontomys humulis is in subgenus Reithrodontomys. Three subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R.h.humulisAudubon&Bachman,1841—fromextremeNEArkansas,Mississippi,andSELouisianaEtoCVirginiaandStoSCFlorida(SEUSA). R.h.merriamiJ.A.Allen,1895—EOklahoma,ETexas,WArkansas,andW&SCLouisiana(SUSA). R. h. virginianus A. H. Howell, 1940 — SW Maryland and E Virginia (E USA). Descriptive notes. Head-body 62-68 mm, tail 45-60 mm, ear 8-9 mm, hindfoot 15-17 mm; weight 7-12 g. The Eastern Harvest Mouse is among the smallest species of Reithrodontomys. Dorsum is brownish to dark brown, sometimes faintly washed with gray, and has dark mid-dorsal stripe. Sides are paler than dorsum and usually have lateral line stripe. Venter is ash-colored, with cinnamon or pinkish infusion. Tail is slender and sparsely haired. Ears are fuscous or fuscous black, and feet are grayish white. Habitat. Wooded or grassland habitats with dense understory, old fields, abandoned fields, and croplands. Food and Feeding. The Eastern Harvest Mouse eats seeds, green vegetation, and insects. Breeding. The Eastern Harvest Mouse has reproductive peaks in spring and autumn. Gestation is c.21 days, and litters have 1-8 young. Activity patterns. The Eastern Harvest Mouse is presumably nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Mean home ranges are 905-1 m? for males and 1094-5 m* for females. Eastern Harvest Mice are not thought to be territorial. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Allen (1895a), Audubon & Bachman (1841), Cawthorn & Rose (1989), Dunaway (1968), Hooper (1952a), Howell (1914, 1940), Packard (1968), Stalling (1997)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 371-372, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

237. Plains Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys montanus French: Souris-moissonneuse des plateaux / German: Steppen-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de llanura Taxonomy. Reithrodon montanus Baird, 1855, “vicinity of the Rocky Mountains,lat. 38°.” Restricted byJ. A. Allen in 1895 to “near the upper end of the San Luis Valley in Colorado,” USA. Reithrodontomys montanus is in subgenus Reithrodontomys. Three subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R.m.montanusBaird,1855—SCColorado,SEArizona,WC&SNewMexico,andSWTexas(USA),andNESonora,Chihuahua,andextremeNCDurangostates(NMexico). R.m.albescensCary,1903—SEMontana,SWNorthDakota,EWyoming,W&SSouthDakota,mostofNebraska,EColorado,WKansas,extremeNENewMexico,andextremeNW&NCOklahoma(USA). R. m. griseus Bailey, 1905 — SE Nebraska, E Kansas, Oklahoma, extreme SW Missouri, extreme NW Arkansas, and Texas (USA). Descriptive notes. Head-body 55-65 mm, tail 54-65 mm, ear 13-17 mm, hindfoot 15-17 mm; weight 7-9 g. The Plains Harvest Mouse is one of the smallest species of Reithrodontomys. Dorsum is pale grayish brown, sprinkled with fulvous and black hairs. It has prominent dark mid-dorsal stripe. Venter is white. Tail is either equalto or shorter than head-body length, which is diagnostic; tail has pronounced black stripe bordered by white hairs. Habitat. Grasslands, especially in areas dominated by meadows with abundant blue gramma (Bouteloua gracilis, Poaceae) and other species of perennial grasses, riparian areas, and abandoned crop fields at elevations of 1200-1920 m (most records are near lower elevation). Food and Feeding. Plains Harvest Mice are insectivorous and herbivorous. They reportedly eat grasshoppers, grass, seeds, and fruits of cacti. Breeding. The Plains Harvest Mouse has an average of four offspring per litter (range 1-9). Gestation is 21 days. Young are altricial at birth. Oval-shaped nests (110 x 80 mm) lined with grasses and soft leaves are constructed between shrubs, under fallen logs, or between rocks. Activity patterns. The Plains Harvest Mouse is nocturnal and terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Home ranges in Texas range between 0-23 ind/ha and 0-84 ind/ha. Densities are 1-5 ind/ha. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red Lust. Bibliography. Allen (1895a), Anderson (1972), Bailey (1905), Baird (1855b), Brown (1946), Cary (1903), Davis (1974), Hall (1981), Hooper (1952a), Maxwell & Brown (1968), Moulton et al. (1981), Téllez & Sanchez (2014b), Waggoner (1975), Wilkins (1986)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 372, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

223. Talamancan Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys creper French: Souris-moissonneuse du Chiriqui / German: Talamanca-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de Talamanca Other common names: Chiriqui Harvest Mouse Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys creper Bangs, 1902, Volcan de Chiriqui, 11,000 ft. (= 3353 m), Chiriqui Province, Panama. Reithrodontomys creper is in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. NC Costa Rica to WC Panama. Descriptive notes. Head-body 89-93 mm, tail 119-145 mm, ear 13-17 mm, hindfoot 22-25 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Talamancan Harvest Mouse is the largest species of Reithrodontomys. Dorsum is brownish orange, infused with black guard hairs; sides are tawny; and venter is pinkish cinnamon. Compared to the Narrow-nosed Harvest Mouse (R. tenuirostris), the Talamancan Harvest Mouse has larger skull and more robust rostrum. Habitat. Wet forested areas with grasses and fallen logs and bases of rock cliffs generally above elevations of 2290 m. The Talamancan Harvest Mouse is found throughout high-elevation regions of south-central Costa Rica and west-central Panama, especially at various volcanoes and throughout the Cordillera de Talamanca. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Talamancan Harvest Mouse is presumably nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Bangs (1902), Hall (1981), Hooper (1952a)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

229. Musser’s Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys musseri French: Souris-moissonneuse de Musser / German: MusserErntemaus / Spanish: Ratén espiguero de Musser Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys musseri Gardner & Carleton, 2009, Cerro Asuncion, ca. 11,100 ft (= 3383 m), Cartago, Costa Rica; ca. 09°34°05"N, 83°44’12”W (coordinates define a place along the east side of the Panamerican Highway, just 0-4 km WNW of the peak of Cerro La Asuncion). The name musseri was assigned to a specimen formerly identified as R. rodriguezi. Reithrodontomys musseri is in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to the type locality in the Cordillera de Talamanca, C Costa Rica. Descriptive notes. Head—body 62 mm, tail 99 mm, ear 14 mm, hindfoot 19 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Musser’s Harvest Mouse is among the smallest species of Reithrodontomys. Dorsal pelageis dark (sepia or fuscous) and slightly woolly, fading to paler and brighter color (buffy brown to ocherous) along sides. Venter is whitish pale buff, with gray basal appearance. Tail is longer than head-body length. Dentition is extremely small and delicate. Habitat. Only known from wet, cloud forest at type locality at an elevation of 3383 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Not assessed on The IUCN Red List. Given that Musser’s Harvest Mouse is known from only a single specimen,it could be highly endangered. Bibliography. Gardner & Carleton (2009), Hooper (1952a)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 370, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

228. Chiriquian Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys garichensis French: Souris-moissonneuse du Gariché / German: Chiriquia-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de Chiriqui Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys mexicanus garichensis Enders & Pearson, 1940, Rio Gariché, 5 mi (= 8 km) SW El Volcan Post Office, 3200 ft (= 975 m), Chiriqui Province, Panama. Reithrodontomys garichensis was considered a subspecies of R. mexicanus. Reithrodontomys garichensis is in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. Cordillera de Talamanca of C & SE Costa Rica and W Panama. Descriptive notes. Head-body 75-79 mm, tail 110-120 mm, ear 13-16 mm, hindfoot 20-21 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Chiriquian Harvest Mouse is similar in size to the Costa Rican Harvest Mouse (R. cherrii) but with darker and duller dorsal pelage. Tail is longer, and hindfoot lacks bright white edge observed in the Costa Rican Harvest Mouse. Compared with the Costa Rican Harvest Mouse, the Chiriquian Harvest Mouse has a narrower, elongated rostrum. Habitat. Wet montane forests at elevations of 975-3350 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Chiriquian Harvest Mouse is presumably nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Not assessed on The IUCN Red List. Given the relatively restricted distribution and lack of biological knowledge, the Chiriquian Harvest Mouse should be carefully monitored. Bibliography. Arellano et al. (2005), Enders & Pearson (1940), Gardner & Carleton (2009), Hooper (1952a)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 370, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

230. Baker’s Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys bakeri French: Souris-moissonneuse de Baker / German: BakerErntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de Baker Other common names: Baker's Small-toothed Harvest Mouse Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys bakeri Bradley et al., 2004, 4 mi (= 6- 4 km) SSW Filo de Caballo, Guerrero, Mexico. Populations now assigned to this species previously were recognized as R. microdon wagneri, but assessment of morphological and genetic characteristics showed that populations in Guerrero, Mexico, represented a new endemic species. Reithrodontomys bakeri is in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to Sierra Madre del Sur in C Guerrero State (S Mexico). Descriptive notes. Head-body 71-78 mm, tail 94-107 mm, ear 17-19 mm, hindfoot 17-19 mm; weight 20 g. Baker’s Harvest Mouse is a medium to large-sized species of Reithrodontomys. Dorsal pelage is brown to blackish at tips; however, sides and underlying pelage are tawny to orangish, giving an overall orangish appearance. Ventral pelage is white at tips and dark at bases. Feet have black stripe extending from ankles to toes. Tail is uniform gray, scantily haired at base, and more heavily haired at tip. Morphologically, Baker’s Harvest Mouse differs from the Small-toothed Harvest Mouse (R. microdon) by having slightly larger ears, longer and broader rostrum (distally), longer palate, longer molar toothrow, broader zygomatic plate, and greater breadth of mesopterygoid fossa. Habitat. Pine (Pinus, Pinaceae) and oak (Quercus, Fagaceae) habitats associated with cloud forests at elevations greater than 2150 m. Baker’s Harvest Mouse is endemic to montane regions of central Guerrero. It is currently known only from Filo de Caballo and Omiltemi, although it may occupy other montane regions in the same area. Food and Feeding. Baker’s Harvest Mouse probably eats seeds, fruits, and leaves. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. Baker’s Harvest Mouse has a restricted distribution, and its forest habitats are decreasing. Bibliography. Bradley, Edwards et al. (2004), Ceballos & Bradley (2014)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 370, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

220. Mexican Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys mexicanus French: Souris-moissonneuse du Mexigue / German: Mexiko-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de México Taxonomy. Reithrodon mexicanus Saussure, 1860, “les montagnes [= mountains] de la province de Véra-Cruz,” Mexico. Fixed by E. T. Hooper in 1952 “at Mirador, Veracuz,” Mexico. Reithrodontomys mexicanus cherrii and R. m. garichensis are now recognized as distinct species. Furthermore, R. m. potrerograndei is recognized as subjective synonym of R. brevirostris. Reithrodontomys mexicanus 1s in subgenus Aporodon. Based on molecular and morphological evidence, E. Arellano in 2015 concluded that South American subspecies are aligned with R. dariensis, not R. mexicanus, a hypothesis that makes biogeographic sense. Ten subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R.m.mexicanusSaussure,1860—fromSTamaulipasStoOaxacastates(E&SMexico). R.m.eremicusHershkovitz,1941—ValledelChota(NEcuador). R.m.howelliGoodwin,1932—fromCChiapasState(SMexico)SEthroughGuatemalatoHonduras. R.m.lucifronsA.H.Howell,1932—SWHondurasandNWNicaragua. R.m.miller].A.Allen,1912—WColombiaandNWEcuador. R.m.ocotepequensisGoodwin,1937—WHonduras. R.m.orinusHooper,1949—SGuatemalaandElSalvador. R.m.ripariusHooper,1955—fromSWMichoacanSEtoOaxacastates(SMexico). R.m.scansorHooper,1950—SEOaxacaandNWChiapasstates(SEMexico). R. m. soederstroem: Thomas, 1898 — N Ecuador. Descriptive notes. Head-body 60-80 mm, tail 90-115 mm, ear 12-18 mm, hindfoot 17-21 mm; weight 19 g. The Mexican Harvest Mouse is a relatively large species of Reithrodontomys. Dorsum varies from tawny or yellow-brown to orange-brown and ocherous, but wide variation in pelage color occurs among subspecies. Venter varies from creamy white to light cinnamon or cinnamon orange. Tail is uniformly dark above and below. Habitat. Pine (Pinus, Pinaceae) and oak (Quercus, Fagaceae), cloud, and tropical deciduous forests at elevations of 90-1800 m. In arid areas, Mexican Harvest Mice occur in riparian habitats, especially where fig (Fiscus, Moraceae) and other trees are found. Local distribution may be limited by availabilities of shrubby cover, grasses, and other elements of herbaceous stratum. In Chiapas, Mexican Harvest Mice have been captured on flowering coral tree (Erythrina sp., Fabaceae) trees. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. Breeding season occurs in June-August. Litters have 3-5 young. Activity patterns. The Mexican Harvest Mouse is nocturnal and arboreal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Arellano (2015), Arellano et al. (2005), Brito & Batallas (2014), Chavez (2012), Gardner & Carleton (2009), Goodwin (1932b, 1937 1969), Hall (1981), Hooper (1949, 1950, 1952a, 1955), Howell (1932), Jones & Genoways (1970), Moreno & Roman (2013), Sanchez (1993), Sanchez & Oliva (2014b), de Saussure (1860)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 368, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

239. Sumichrast’s Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys sumichrasti French: Souris-moissonneuse de Sumichrast / German: Sumichrast-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de Sumichrast Taxonomy. Reithrodon sumichrasti Saussure, 1861, “Mexicana tellus.” Restricted by E. T. Hooper in 1952 to Mirador, Veracruz. Reithrodontomys sumichrasti is in subgenus Reithrodontomys. Seven subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R.s.sumichrastiSaussure,1861—fromQuerétaroStoOaxacastates(SCMexico). R.s.australis].A.Allen,1895—CordilleradeTalamancaofCostaRica. R.s.dorsalisMerriam,1901—ChiapasState(SEMexico)andGuatemala. R.s.luteolusA.H.Howell,1914—CGuerreroandWOaxacastates(SMexico). R.s.modestusThomas,1907—SWHonduras,extremeNElSalvador,andNWNicaragua. R. s. nerterus Merriam, 1901 — from S Jalisco E to W México states (WC Mexico). R. s. vulcanius Bangs, 1902 — known only from the type locality and surrounding areas in W Panama. Descriptive notes. Head-body 75-88 mm, tail 81-113 mm, ear 12-18 mm, hindfoot 18-21 mm; weight 12-16 g. Sumichrast’s Harvest Mouse is medium-sized. Dorsum ranges from cinnamon and orange to darker gray, depending on subspecies and level of banding on hairs. Venter is lighter and ranges from cinnamon to brown or buffy pink to cinnamon-pink. Tail is long and brown or dark brown on top and lighter underneath. Hindfeet vary from white, cinnamon, and pink to cinnamon-pink. Dark line on dorsum is characteristic of subspecies dorsalis. Habitat. Subtropical and temperate regions with grasslands, shrubby vegetation, pineoak forests, cloud forests, subtropical forests with abundant ferns and mosses, maize fields, and sugar cane and mango plantations at elevations of 800-3200 m. Sumichrast’s Harvest Mouse is typically most common in cold and wet pine-oak forests and riparian habitats. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. A pregnant Sumichrast’s Harvest Mouse was captured in April. Activity patterns. Sumichrast’s Harvest Mouse is presumably nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern The IUCN Red Lust. Bibliography. Allen (1895a), Baker & Phillips (1965), Baker & Womochel (1966), Bangs (1901), Burt (1961), Goodwin (1969), Hall (1981), Hall & Dalquest (1963), Heaney & Birney (1977), Hooper (1952a, 1961), Howell (1914), Merriam (1901b), Ponce-Ulloa & Llorente (1993), Ramirez-Pulido, Quijano et al. (2014), de Saussure (1861), Smith & Jones (1967), Thomas (1907b)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 372-373, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

236. Western Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys megalotis French: Souris-moissonneuse de |'Ouest / German: Westliche Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero occidental Other common names: Southern Marsh Harvest Mouse Taxonomy. Reithrodon megalotis Baird, 1858, “between Janos, Sonora [Mexico] and San Luis Springs [New Mexico, USA].” Reithrodontomys megalotis is in subgenus Reithrodontomys. Fifteen subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R.m.megalotisBaird,1858—fromextremeSCBritishColumbia(Canada)SthroughtheWthirdoftheUSAtoMichoacanState(CMexico). R.m.alticolusMerriam,1901—EGuerreroandOaxacastates(SCMexico). R.m.amolesA.H.Howell,1914—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityandsurroundingareainSierraGorda,QuerétaroState,CMexico,atanelevationofabout2285m. R.m.arizonensis].A.Allen,1895—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityinChiricahuaMts,SEArizona,USA,atanelevationofabout2440m. R.m.aztecus|].A.Allen,1893—SEUtah,SColorado,SWKansas,NEArizona,N&CNewMexico,NWTexas,andOklahomaPanhandle(USA). R.m.catalinaeElliot,1904—SantaBarbaraI,California(USA). R.m.distichlisvonBloeker,1937—smallregionofWCCalifornia(USA). R.m.dycheiJ.A.Allen,1895—fromSEAlbertaandSWSaskatchewan(Canada)EtoSWWisconsin,WCIndiana,andMissouri,andStoNEColorado,Kansas,andNEArkansas(USA). R.m.hooperiGoodwin,1954—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityandsurroundingareainWCTamaulipasState(NEMexico). R.m.limicolavonBloeker,1932—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityandsurroundingareainSWCalifornia(USA). R.m.longicaudusBaird,1858—SWWashingtonandWCalifornia(USA)andNWBajaCaliforniaState(NWMexico). R.m.peninsulaeElliot,1903—NBajaCaliforniaState(NWMexico). R.m.ravusGoldman,1939—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityandsurroundingareainNUtah(USA). R.m.santacruzaePearson,1951—SantaCruzI,California(USA). R. m. saturatusJ. A. Allen & F. M. Chapman, 1897 — from Coahuila and Nuevo Leon S to México, Morelos, Puebla, and Veracruz states (Mexico). Descriptive notes. Head-body 63-74 mm, tail 55-96 mm, ear 10-16 mm, hindfoot 14-20 mm; weight 8-13 g. The Western Harvest Mouse is small. Dorsum is light brown or grayish to blackish at base, with buffy tips. Venter is dark buff to white, often with buffy pectoral spot. Tail is bicolored and equal to head-body length. Habitat. Widespread in various habitats ranging from pine-oak forests to natural grasslands at elevations 76 m below sea level in Death Valley, California (USA) to 4000 m. In forested areas, Western Harvest Mice are typically found in areas covered with grass, weeds, and shrubs. Food and Feeding. The Western Harvest Mouse is mainly granivorous but occasionally eats plant material and invertebrates. Breeding. Males tend to be polygamous. Offspring are born in spherical nests ¢.12 cm in diameter, constructed with grass and other vegetation. Gestation is c.5 days. Litters have 1-9 young. Young are altricial birth and are weaned after c.25 days. Activity patterns. The Western Harvest Mouse is nocturnal and mainly terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Home ranges are large at ¢.3500 m?. Generally, densities are 4-11 ind/ha but in exceptionally good years can increase to 60 ind/ha. In central Mexico, densities of 0-7-15-8 ind/ha have been reported in open areas and fields. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Allen (1893, 1895a), Allen & Chapman (1897a), Baird (1858), Bell et al. (2001), von Bloeker (1932, 1937), Ceballos & Galindo (1984), Elliot (1903b, 1904a), Fa et al. (1990), Fisler (1965), Goldman (1939), Goodwin (1954), Gray (1943), Hall (1981), Hood et al. (1984), Hooper (1952a), Howell (1914), Long (1962), Merriam (1901b), Meserve (1976), Pearson (1951b), Sanchez (1993), Sanchez & Oliva (2014c), Webster & Jones (1982), Whitford (1976)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 372, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

224. Rodriguez's Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys rodriguezi French: Souris-moissonneuse de Rodriguez / German: Rodriguez-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de Rodriguez Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys rodriguezi Goodwin, 1943, Volcan de Iraza, 9400 ft (= 2865 m), Cartago Province, Costa Rica. Reithrodontomys rodriguezi is in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. Known only from the type locality and surrounding areas in C Costa Rica. Descriptive notes. Head-body 77-83 mm, tail 116-121 mm, ear 14-15 mm, hindfoot 20-21 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Rodriguez’s Harvest Mouse is medium-sized. Dorsal pelage 1s long, dense, soft, and cinnamon-buff, darkened with black hairs. Venteris white. Tail is longer than head-body length and uniform in color. Feet are white, with dusky outline to bases of toes. Habitat. Grassland adjacent to a wet forest (two specimens) and on slopes of Barva Volcano. Rodriguez’s Harvest Mice have ben trapped on the ground,in low vegetation in elfin forest, and in the fork of a tree c.3 m aboveground. Food and Feeding. Rodriguez's Harvest Mouse was seen feeding on the nectar of Blakea sp. (Melastomataceae) and may be one of the pollinatorsfor this plant. Breeding. A pregnant female was captured in July. Activity patterns. No information. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List because its extent of occurrence is probably less than 5000 km?; it should be monitored closely. Bibliography. Goodwin (1943), Hall (1981), Hooper (1952a), Timm et al. (1989)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

225. Narrow-nosed Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys tenuirostris French: Souris-moissonneuse a nez aigu / German: Schmalnasen-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de hocico estrecho Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys tenuirostris Merriam, 1901, “Todos Santos, Guatemala (altitude 10,000 ft. [= 3048 m]).” Reithrodontomys tenuirostris is in subgenus Aporodon. Monotypic. Distribution. Extreme SE Mexico (Chiapas State) and SC Guatemala. Descriptive notes. Head-body 80-124 mm, tail 120-129 mm, ear 15-17 mm, hindfoot 20-25 mm; weight 18-23 g. The Narrow-nosed Harvest Mouse is one of the largest species of Reithrodontomys. Dorsal pelage is long and dense, ranging from rich orange to a more reddish color. Numerous black guard hairs give the Narrow-nosed Harvest Mouse a dark appearance. Venter is pinkish cinnamon. Eyes have black rings, and ears have a blackish shade. Skull is characterized by long narrow nasal bones, in contrast to other species of Reithrodontomys. Habitat. Wet, temperate habitats, such as evergreen cloud forests, generally at elevations of 2800-2910 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Narrow-nosed Harvest Mouse is presumably nocturnal and might be semi-arboreal or even arboreal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Arellano & Rogers (1994), Hall (1981), Hooper (1952a), Merriam (1901b), Sanchez (2014d)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

234. Volcano Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys chrysopsis French: Souris-moissonneuse des volcans / German: Vulkan-Erntemaus / Spanish: Raton espiguero de los volcanes Taxonomy. Reithrodontomys chrysopsis Merriam, 1901, “Mt. Popocatapetl, Mexico.” Reithrodontomys chrysopsis is in subgenus Aporodon. Two subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. R.c.chrysopsisMerriam,1901—fromSEJaliscoEtoPueblastates(CMexico). R. c. perotensis Merriam, 1901 — WC Veracruz State (EC Mexico). Descriptive notes. Head-body 75-85 mm, tail 90-116 mm, ear 17-21 mm, hindfoot 17-21 mm; weight 14 g. The Volcano Harvest Mouse is medium-sized. Dorsum is black, interspersed with bright yellowish orange to reddish orange hairs;sides are mostly ocherousto buff; and venteris pinkish cinnamon. Ears are large and nearly black, with distinct and blackish rings. Tail is distinctly bicolored, black above and light below. Skull is typified by large, oval braincase. Habitat. Cloud forests at elevations of 1830-4100 m. The Volcano Harvest Mouse is typically found in cold, wet forests of pine-fir, pine-oak, and montane grassland and shrubland (zacatonal), and in areas covered with ferns, mosses, and shrubs. It can also be found along hillsides and canyons within cloud forest habitat. Food and Feeding. The Volcano Harvest Mouse eats seeds, grains, and green parts of grasses and other plants. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Volcano Harvest Mouse is nocturnal and arboreal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Volcano Harvest Mice construct spherical nests of grasses. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Populations of Volcano Harvest Mice are naturally limited to high-elevation habitats, and logging and other human activities might be conservation threats. Bibliography. Ceballos & Galindo (1984), Hooper (1952a), Lira & Gaona (2014), Merriam (1901b)., Published as part of Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr, 2017, Cricetidae, pp. 204-535 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 371, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6707142

Reithrodontomys spectabilis Jones and Lawlor, 1965. Univ. Kansas Pubi., Mus. Nat. Hist., 16:413. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Quintana Roo, Isla Cozumel, 2.5 km N San Miguel. DISTRIBUTION: Restricted to Cozumel Island, Mexico. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, mexicanus species group. A large insular species, perhaps sharing common ancestry with R. gracilis (Jones and Lawlor, 1965). See Jones (1982, Mammalian Species, 193)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 742, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Jones, J. K., Jr., and T. E. Lawlor. 1965. Mammals from Isla Cozumel, Mexico, with description of a new species of harvest mouse. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 16: 409 - 419."]}

Reithrodontomys burti Benson, 1939. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 52:147. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Sonora, Rio Sonora, Rancho de Costa Rica. DISTRIBUTION: WC Sonora to C Sinaloa, Mexico. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, megalotis species group. A relict species having close affinity to R. montanus (Hooper, 1952)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 740, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255."]}

Reithrodontomys creper Bangs, 1902. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 39:39. TYPE LOCALITY: Panama, Chiriqui Prov., Volcan de Chiriqui, 11,000 ft. DISTRIBUTION: Upper elevations in Cordilleras Central and Talamancae, Costa Rica, to Chiriqui region, W Panama. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, tenuirostris species group., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on pages 740-741, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098

Reithrodontomys mexicanus (Saussure, 1860). Rev. Mag. Zool. Paris, Ser. 2, 12:109. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Veracruz, Mirador (as restricted by Hooper, 1952:140). DISTRIBUTION: S Tamaulipas and WC Michoacan, Mexico, south through Middle American highlands to W Panama; Andes of W Colombia and N Ecuador. SYNONYMS: cherrii, costaricensis, garichensis, goldmani, howelli, jalapae, lucifrons, minusculus, ocotepequensis, orinus, potrerograndei, riparius, scansor. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, mexicanus species group., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on pages 741-742, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255."]}

Reithrodontomys raviventris Dixon, 1908. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 21:197. TYPE LOCALITY: USA, California, San Mateo Co., Redwood City. DISTRIBUTION: Salt marshes around San Francisco Bay, California, USA. STATUS: U.S. ESA and IUCN - Endangered. SYNONYMS: halicoetes. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, megalotis species group. Morphological and chromosomal differentiation between the subspecies raviventris and halicoetes thought to represent terminal stages of speciation (Fisler, 1965; Shellhammer, 1967). Banded chromosomes and genic data reveal sister-group relationship to R. montanus (Hood et al., 1984; Nelson et al., 1984). See Shellhammer (1982, Mammalian Species, 169)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 742, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Fisler, G. F. 1965. Adaptations and speciation in harvest mice of the marshes of San Francisco Bay. University of California Publications in Zoology, 77: 1 - 108.","Shellhammer, H. S. 1967. Cytotaxonomic studies of the harvest mice of the San Francisco Bay region. Journal of Mammalogy, 48: 549 - 556.","Nelson, K., R. J. Baker, H. S. Shellhammer, and R. K. Chesser. 1984. Test of alternative hypotheses concerning the origin of Reithrodontomys raviventris: Genetic analysis. Journal of Mammalogy, 65: 668 - 673.","Shellhammer, H. S. 1982. Reithrodontomys raviventris. Mammalian Species, 169: 1 - 3."]}

Reithrodontomys chrysopsis Merriam, 1900. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 13:152. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Mexico, Volcan Popocatepetl, 11,500 ft. DISTRIBUTION: Transverse Volcanic Range, SE Jalisco to WC Veracruz, Mexico. SYNONYMS: colimae, orizabae, perotensis, tolucae. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, megalotis species group., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 740, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098

Reithrodontomys tenuirostris Merriam, 1901. Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 3:547. TYPE LOCALITY: Guatemala, Huehuetenango Dept., Todos Santos, 10,000 ft. DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of S Chiapas, Mexico, and C Guatemala. SYNONYMS: aureus. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, tenuirostris species group., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on pages 742-743, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098

Reithrodontomys gracilis J. A. Allen and Chapman, 1897. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:9. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Yucatan, Chichen-Itza. DISTRIBUTION: Yucatan Peninsula and coastal Chiapas, Mexico, south along Pacific watershed to NW Costa Rica. SYNONYMS: anthonyi, harrisi, insularis, pacificus. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, mexicanus species group. See Young and Jones (1984, Mammalian Species, 218)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 741, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Young, C. J., and J. K. Jones, Jr. 1984. Reithrodontomys gracilis. Mammalian Species, 218: 1 - 3."]}

Reithrodontomys brevirostris Goodwin, 1943. Am. Mus. Novit., 1231:1. TYPE LOCALITY: Costa Rica, Alajuela Prov., canyons above Villa Quesada, 5000 ft. DISTRIBUTION: Allopatric populations in highlands of NC Nicaragua (see Jones and Genoways, 1970) and C Costa Rica. SYNONYMS: nicaraguae. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, mexicanus species group. See Jones and Baldassarre (1982, Mammalian Species, 192)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 740, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Jones, J. K., Jr., and H. H. Genoways. 1970. Harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Nicaragua. Occasional Papers of the Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology, 2: 1 - 16.","Jones, J. K., Jr., and G. A. Baldassarre. 1982. Reithrodontomys brevirostris and Reithrodontomys paradoxus. Mammalian Species, 192: 1 - 3."]}

Reithrodontomys humulis (Audubon and Bachman, 1941). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1:97. TYPE LOCALITY: USA, South Carolina, Charleston Co., Charleston. DISTRIBUTION: SE USA, from SE Oklahoma and E Texas east to the Atlantic seaboard, from S Maryland to C peninsular Florida. SYNONYMS: carolinensis, dickinsoni, impiger, lecontii, merriami, virginianus. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, megalotis species group. Karyotype departs markedly from other species of megalotis group (Carleton and Myers, 1979; Engstrom et al., 1981)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 741, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Carleton, M. D., and P. Myers. 1979. Karyotypes of some harvest mice, genus Reithrodontomys. Journal of Mammalogy, 60: 307 - 313."]}

Reithrodontomys microdon Merriam, 1901. Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 3:548. TYPE LOCALITY: Guatemala, Huehuetenango Dept., Todos Santos, 10,000 ft. DISTRIBUTION: Isolated pockets in highlands of N Michoacan and Distrito Federal, N Oaxaca, and C Chiapas, Mexico, and WC Guatemala. SYNONYMS: albilabris, wagneri. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, tenuirostris species group., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 742, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098

Reithrodontomys sumichrasti (Saussure, 1861). Rev. Mag. Zool. Paris, Ser. 2, 13:3. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Veracruz, Mirador (as restricted by Hooper, 1952:72). DISTRIBUTION: Allopatric segments in Middle American highlands: SW Jalisco and S San Luis Potosi to C Guerrero and EC Oaxaca, Mexico; C Chiapas, Mexico, to NC Nicaragua; C Costa Rica to W Panama. SYNONYMS: alleni, australis, dorsalis, luteolus, modestus, nerterus, otus, rufescens, seclusus, underwoodi, vulcanius. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, megalotis species group., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 742, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255."]}

Reithrodontomys megalotis (Baird, 1858). Mammalia in Repts. U.S. Expl. Surv., 8(1):451. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico-USA boundary region, between Janos, Chihuahua, and San Luis Springs, Grant Co., New Mexico. DISTRIBUTION: SC British Columbia and SE Alberta, Canada; W and NC USA; south to N Baja California and through interior Mexico to central Oaxaca. SYNONYMS: alticolus, amoles, arizonensis, aztecus, caryi, catalinae, cinereus, deserti, distichlis, dychei, hooperi, klamathensis, limicola, longicaudus, nebrascensis, nigrescens, pallidus, pectoralis, peninsulae, ravus, santacruzae, saturatus, sestinensis. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, megalotis species group. Formerly included R. zacatecae, which Hood et al. (1984) identified as a separate species. The substantial chromosomal variation reported (see Engstrom et al., 1981) cautions that other species may be lumped under R. megalotis. See Webster and Jones (1982a, Mammalian Species, 167)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 741, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Webster, W. D., and J. K. Jones, Jr. 1982 a. Reithrodontomys megalotis. Mammalian Species, 167: 1 - 5."]}

Reithrodontomys fulvescens J. A. Allen, 1894. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6:319. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Sonora, Oposura, 2000 ft. DISTRIBUTION: SC Arizona to SW Missouri to WC Mississippi, USA, south through Mexico, to W Nicaragua; excluding Yucatan Peninsula and Caribbean coastal lowlands. SYNONYMS: amoenus, aurantius, canus, chiapensis, chrysotis, difficilis, griseoflavus, helvolus, inexspectatus, infernatis, intermedius, laceyi, mustelinus, nelsoni, tenuis, toltecus, tropicalis. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, fulvescens species group. Chromosomal complement (2n=50) interpreted as primitive for the genus (Robbins and Baker, 1980). See Spencer and Cameron (1982, Mammalian Species, 174)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 741, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Robbins, L. W., and R. J. Baker. 1980. G- and C-band studies on the primitive karyotype for Reithrodontomys. Journal of Mammalogy, 61: 708 - 714.","Spencer, S. R., and G. N. Cameron. 1982. Reithrodontomys fulvescens. Mammalian Species, 174: 1 - 7."]}

Reithrodontomys darienensis Pearson, 1939. Not. Naturae, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 6:1. TYPE LOCALITY: Panama, Darien Prov., Santa Cruz de Cana, upper Rio Tuyra, 2000 ft. DISTRIBUTION: E Panama, including Azuero Peninsula, and perhaps adjacent Colombia. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, mexicanus species group. Hooper (1952) viewed R. darienensis as closely related to R. gracilis., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 741, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255."]}

Reithrodontomys Giglioli, 1874. Bull. Soc. Geogr. Ital., Roma, 11:326. TYPE SPECIES: Reithrodon megalotis Baird, 1858. SYNONYMS: Aporodon, Ochetodon. COMMENTS: Peromyscine. Alpha taxonomy revised by Allen (1895a), Howell (1914), and Hooper (1952), the last of whom framed the currently-used subgeneric division and species groupings. Distributions and species limits of Latin American harvest mice, especially those of the subgenus Aporodon, require renewed systematic attention. Generic relationships investigated by Carleton (1980), Hooper and Musser (1964a), and J. C. Patton et al. (1981). For comparative studies of morphology, see Arata (1964), Carleton (1973, 1980), and Hooper (1952, 1959); of karyology, see Carleton and Myers (1979), Engstrom et al. (1981), Hood et al. (1984), and Robbins and Baker (1980); of genic variation, see Nelson et al. (1984). A key to the species is found in Spencer and Cameron (1982)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 740, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Allen, J. A. 1895 a. On the species of the genus Reithrodontomys. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 7: 107 - 143.","Howell, A. H. 1914. Revision of the American harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys). North American Fauna, 36: 1 - 97.","Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255.","Carleton, M. D. 1980. Phylogenetic relationships in neotomine-peromyscine rodents (Muroidea) and a reappraisal of the dichotomy within New World Cricetinae. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 157: 1 - 146.","Hooper, E. T., and G. G. Musser. 1964 a. The glans penis in Neotropical cricetines (Family Muridae) with comments on classification of muroid rodents. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 123: 1 - 57.","Arata, A. 1964. The anatomy and taxonomic significance of the male accessory reproductive glands of muroid rodents. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences, 9: 1 - 42.","Carleton, M. D. 1973. A survey of gross stomach morphology in New World Cricetinae (Rodentia, Muroidea), with comments on functional interpretations. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 146: 1 - 43.","Hooper, E. T. 1959. The glans penis in five genera of cricetid rodents. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 613: 1 - 11.","Carleton, M. D., and P. Myers. 1979. Karyotypes of some harvest mice, genus Reithrodontomys. Journal of Mammalogy, 60: 307 - 313.","Robbins, L. W., and R. J. Baker. 1980. G- and C-band studies on the primitive karyotype for Reithrodontomys. Journal of Mammalogy, 61: 708 - 714.","Nelson, K., R. J. Baker, H. S. Shellhammer, and R. K. Chesser. 1984. Test of alternative hypotheses concerning the origin of Reithrodontomys raviventris: Genetic analysis. Journal of Mammalogy, 65: 668 - 673.","Spencer, S. R., and G. N. Cameron. 1982. Reithrodontomys fulvescens. Mammalian Species, 174: 1 - 7."]}

Reithrodontomys hirsutus Merriam, 1901. Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 3:553. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Jalisco, Ameca, 4000 ft. DISTRIBUTION: SC Nayarit and NW Jalisco, Mexico. SYNONYMS: levipes. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, fulvescens species group., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 741, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098

Reithrodontomys zacatecae Merriam, 1901. Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 3:557. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Zacatecas, Sierra de Valparaiso. DISTRIBUTION: W Chihuahua to WC Michoacan, Mexico. SYNONYMS: obscurus. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, megalotis species group. Hooper (1952) noted the phenetic distinction of zacatecae from R. megalotis saturatus in Jalisco and Michoacan but elected to retain it as a subspecies. Karyotypic divergence of zacatecae reported by Hood et al. (1984), who proposed its elevation to species. Distributional limits, morphological discrimination, and assignment of species-group synonyms deserve amplification., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 743, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255."]}

Reithrodontomys paradoxus Jones and Genoways, 1970. Occas. Pap. W. Found. Vert. Zool., 2:12. TYPE LOCALITY: Nicaragua, Carazo Dept., 3 mi NNW Diriamba, about 660 m. DISTRIBUTION: Isolated records from SW Nicaragua and WC Costa Rica. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, mexicanus species group. Morphologically closest to R. brevirostris; extent of distribution unknown. See Jones and Baldassarre (1982, Mammalian Species, 192)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 742, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Jones, J. K., Jr., and G. A. Baldassarre. 1982. Reithrodontomys brevirostris and Reithrodontomys paradoxus. Mammalian Species, 192: 1 - 3."]}

Reithrodontomys rodriguezi Goodwin, 1943. Am. Mus. Novit., 1231:1. TYPE LOCALITY: Costa Rica, Cartago Prov., Volcan de Irazu, 9000 ft. DISTRIBUTION: Reported only from Volcan de Irazu, Costa Rica. COMMENTS: Subgenus Aporodon, tenuirostris species group., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 742, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098

Reithrodontomys montanus (Baird, 1855). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 7:335. TYPE LOCALITY: USA, Colorado, Saguache Co., upper part of the San Luis Valley (as restricted by Allen, 1895a:125). See Armstrong's (1972:190) lucid summary of the contradictory references to the type locality. DISTRIBUTION: High Plains of C USA, from W South Dakota and E Wyoming to EC Texas and extreme SE Arizona; NE Sonora and Chihuahua to N Durango, Mexico. SYNONYMS: albescens, griseus. COMMENTS: Subgenus Reithrodontomys, megalotis species group. See Wilkins (1986, Mammalian Species, 257)., Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 742, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098, {"references":["Allen, J. A. 1895 a. On the species of the genus Reithrodontomys. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 7: 107 - 143.","Wilkins, K. T. 1986. Reithrodontomys montanus. Mammalian Species, 257: 1 - 5."]}

Reithrodontomys brevirostris Goodwin, 1943. Am. Mus. Novit., 1231:1. TYPE LOCALITY: Costa Rica, Alajuela, canyons above Villa Quesada, 5000 ft. (1524 m). DISTRIBUTION: N.C. Nicaragua; C. Costa Rica. COMMENT: Subgenus Aporodon; see Hooper, 1952, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 77:1 -255. Includes nicaraguae; see Jones and Genoways, 1970, Occas. Pap. W. Found. Vert. Zool., 2: 10. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410008047001001., Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 3), pp. 392-476 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 460, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353031, {"references":["Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255.","Jones, J. K., Jr., and H. H. Genoways. 1970. Harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Nicaragua. Occasional Papers of the Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology, 2: 1 - 16."]}

Reithrodontomys Giglioli, 1874. Bull. Soc. Geogr. Ital., Roma, 11:326. REVIEWED BY: M. D. Carleton (MDC); A. V. Linzey (AVL); J. Ramirez-Pulido (JRP)(Mexico); G. Urbano-V. (GUV). COMMENT: Includes Aporodon as a subgenus; see Hooper, 1952, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 77:1 -255, Hershkovitz, 1966, in Wenzel and Tipton, eds., Ectoparasites of Panama, pp. 725-752, and Carleton, 1980:125- 126. Karyology reviewed by Carleton and Myers, 1979, J. Mammal., 60:307-313. Revised by Howell, 1914, N. Am. Fauna, 36:1 -97; Hooper, 1952, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 77:1 -255, revised the Central American species. Subfamily Hesperomyinae; see comment under Cricetidae. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410008047000000., Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 3), pp. 392-476 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 460, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353031, {"references":["Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255.","Carleton, M. D. 1980. Phylogenetic relationships in neotomine-peromyscine rodents (Muroidea) and a reappraisal of the dichotomy within New World Cricetinae. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 157: 1 - 146.","Carleton, M. D., and P. Myers. 1979. Karyotypes of some harvest mice, genus Reithrodontomys. Journal of Mammalogy, 60: 307 - 313.","Howell, A. H. 1914. Revision of the American harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys). North American Fauna, 36: 1 - 97."]}

Reithrodontomys microdon Merriam, 1901. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 3:548. TYPE LOCALITY: Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Todos Santos, 10,000 ft. (3048 m). DISTRIBUTION: S. Guatemala to C. Chiapas; N.C. Oaxaca; N.E. Michoacan to Distrito Federal (Mexico). COMMENT: Subgenus Aporodon; see Hooper, 1952, Mise. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 77:1 -255. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410008047012001., Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 3), pp. 392-476 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 461, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353031, {"references":["Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255."]}

Reithrodontomys gracilis J. A. Allen and Chapman, 1897. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:9. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Yucatan, Chichen-Itza. DISTRIBUTION: N.W. Costa Rica to Chiapas and Yucatan (Mexico). COMMENT: Includes insularis; see Jones, 1964, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 77: 123-124. Subgenus Aporodon; see Hooper, 1952, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 77:1 -255. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410008047007001., Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 3), pp. 392-476 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 460, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353031, {"references":["Jones, J. K., Jr. 1964. Distribution and taxonomy of mammals of Nebraska. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 16: 1 - 356.","Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255."]}

Reithrodontomys hirsutus Merriam, 1901. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 3:553. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Jalisco, Ameca, 4000 ft. (1219 m). DISTRIBUTION: S. Nayarit and N.W. Jalisco (Mexico). COMMENT: Subgenus Reithrodontomys; see Hooper, 1952, Mise. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 77:1 -255. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410008047008001., Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 3), pp. 392-476 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 461, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353031, {"references":["Hooper, E. T. 1952. A systematic review of harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 77: 1 - 255."]}