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Protea caffra Meisn. subsp. kilimandscharica (Engl.) Chisumpa & Brummitt — Habit: Small tree or shrub. Habitat: UMF, HZ, AZ; 2 200–3 800 m. Distribution: IIIa. Voucher: Sirimon Track, near Old Moses Camp Site, Alt. 3 351 m, 8 Jan. 2014, SAJIT 001643 (HIB). References: Fries & Fries (1929), Schelpe (1951), Young & Peacock (1985), Brummitt & Marner (1993), Bussmann (1993, 1994, 2006), Beentje (1994)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Fries, R. E. & Fries, T. C. E. (1929) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora des Kenia, Mt. Aberdare und Mt. Elgon. XII. Notizblatt des Koniglichen Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 10 (96): 594 - 621. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3994784","Schelpe, E. A. C. L. E. (1951) The Pteridophyta of Mount Kenya. American Fern Journal 41 (3): 65 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1545044","Young, T. P. & Peacock, M. M. (1985) Vegetative key to the alpine vascular plants of Mount Kenya. Journal of the East Africa National History Society & National Museum 75 (185): 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2028.2004.00514. x","Brummitt, R. K. & Marner, S. K. (1993) Proteaceae. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 30 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1993) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): A phytosociological approach with special reference to ecological problems. Ph. D. Thesis, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Tubingen, 119 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (2006) Vegetation zonation and nomenclature of African Mountains: An overview. Lyonia 11 (1): 41 - 46.","Beentje, H. J. (1994) Kenya trees, shrubs and lianas. National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, 762 pp."]}

Aerangis luteoalba (Kraenzl.) Schltr. var. rhodosticta (Kraenzl.) J.Stewart — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF; up to 2 400 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: East Mount Kenya Forest, Alt. 1 524–1 829 m, Battiscombe K692 (EA, K). References: Blundell (1987), Cribb (1989b), Stewart & Campbell (2003), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1

Faurea arborea Engl. — Habit: Small tree or shrub. Habitat: LMDF; up to 3 100 m. Distribution: IIIa. Voucher: Naro Moru River Lodge, Alt. 2 208 m, 10 Apr. 1977, Patel & Patel 156 (EA). References: Fries & Fries (1929), Brummitt & Marner (1993), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a, 1998, 1999)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Fries, R. E. & Fries, T. C. E. (1929) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora des Kenia, Mt. Aberdare und Mt. Elgon. XII. Notizblatt des Koniglichen Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 10 (96): 594 - 621. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3994784","Brummitt, R. K. & Marner, S. K. (1993) Proteaceae. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 30 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1993) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): A phytosociological approach with special reference to ecological problems. Ph. D. Thesis, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Tubingen, 119 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1995 a) The forests of Mt. Kenya (Kenya), a phytosociological synopsis. Phytocoenologia 25 (4): 467 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / phyto / 25 / 1995 / 467","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1998) The plant communities of the forests of Mount Kenya - First phytosociological and ecological data. In: Ojany, F. F. (Ed.) African mountains and highlands - planning for sustainable use of mountain resources. United Nations University, Tokyo, pp. 96 - 107.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1999) Vegetation units of Mt. Kenya Forest Reserve: Comment. In: Bitok (Ed.) Vegetations-okologosche, ethnobotanische und faunistische Beitrage uber Aquatorial-Afrika. Bayreuther Forum Okologie 64. Bayreuther Forum Okologie, Bayreuth, pp. 17 - 28."]}

Lomatia shanguii Yao, Li & Yang, sp. nov. (Figs 1, 2���4) Diagnosis. Wing darkly infuscated along veins, crossvein r-m nearly at 1/6 from apex of discal cell. Abdominal tergites anteriorly black with posterior band yellow. Epandrium irregular in shape, slightly wider than long in dorsal view; epiphallus elongate, with a very sharp apex in dorsal view, distiphallus spiny and slightly curved, acute at apex in lateral view. Description. Male (Fig 2). Body length 10.2 mm, wing length 13.4 mm. Head: black except frons above antennae brown, pollinosity on head white; ocellar tubercle black with long black hairs; ocelli brown; face with dense long and erect black hairs; sides of clypeus and areas surrounding antennae bases with much more dense long black hairs; dichoptic eyes; frons and face widened; occiput with sparse erect black hairs and a row of erect dark brown hairs on edge. Antenna black except for brown apex of flagellum; scape about 2�� longer than wide, with white pollinosity and long black hairs; pedicel nearly as long as wide, with golden yellow pollinosity and short black hairs; flagellum conical, with golden yellow pollinosity, almost bare, narrowed from base to 1/3 length, remaining 2/3, uniform in width except for sharply acute apex; antennal length ratio of scape:pedicel:flagellum = 3:1:6. Proboscis black with short yellow hairs; palpus black with long black hairs and brown pollinosity. Thorax: black with black and yellow hairs, black bristles and grey pollinosity; postpronotal lobe with long black and yellow hairs, scutum with dense long black and yellow hairs on anterior margin and lateral portion before base of wing, sparse erect black hairs and recumbent yellow hairs dorsally; postalar callus with three black bristles and dense long black and yellow hairs; mesonotum with sparse black and yellow hairs laterally and medially. Pleura with anepisternum, anatergite, katepisternum and katatergite with white pollinosity; anepisternum with long black hairs anterodorsally and dense long yellow hairs posteroventrally; scutellum black with long sparse black hairs and sparse yellow hairs dorsally and row of long black bristle-like hairs along posterior margin. Legs black with brown pollinosity, black hairs and bristles; coxae with long dense black hairs; fore femur with brown pollinosity and dense erect black hairs; mid and hind femora with dense long erect black hairs and recumbent black scales; fore tibia with dense short black hairs, and recumbent black scales; tarsi with short black hairs and recumbent black scales; mid tibia with nine ad, seven pd, eight av and five pv; hind tibia with 11 ad, 16 pd, nine av and 11 pv. Wing (Fig. 3): mostly infuscated, with dark infuscations along veins; crossvein r-m placed nearly at 1/6 from apex of discal cell; base of wing with tuft of long white hairs on Costal; halter mostly yellow except for brown margin of knob. Abdomen: black and yellow with black and yellow hairs; tergite 1 with anterior half black and posterior half yellow, with dense yellow hairs laterally and sparse yellow hairs medially; other tergites black with yellow band on posterior margins, with dense black hairs laterally and sparse black hairs and dense black scales medially; sternites 1���2 brown with long erect yellow hairs and short black hairs; other sternites black with dense long and erect black hairs and short black hairs. Male terminalia (Fig. 4): Epandrium subtriangular, with long black bristles apically, nearly as long as wide, and with distinct basal extension in lateral view; cercus exposed in lateral view; epandrium irregular in shape, slightly wider than long in dorsal view; gonocoxa with brush of black hairs on anterior half, subquadrate, nearly 3�� longer than wide, and slightly narrowed from base to apex in ventral view; gonostylus thick basally, apex obtuse, slightly narrowed from middle to apex in lateral view; epiphallus elongate, with a very sharp apex in dorsal view, distiphallus spiny and slightly curved, acute at apex in lateral view. Female. Body length: 21 mm; wing length: 21 mm. Similar to male, except abdominal tergite 2 with yellow scales anteriorly and laterally. Type material. Holotype ♂ CHINA: Shanxi, Changzhi, Taihang Canyon, 15. VII. 2020, Gang Yao (sweep netting). Paratypes ♂ (14), ♀ (14), CHINA: Beijing, Yanqing, Xiahujiao Village, 15. VII. 2020, Xu Zhang (yellow pans). Live photos were taken by Shan Gui in Xinglong county, Hebei Province and in in Miyun and Huairou District, Beijing (Fig. 5). Distribution. China (Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi). Etymology. The species is named after the photographer Shan Gui. Remarks. Live photos were taken by Shan Gui in Xinglong County, Hebei Province and in Miyun and Huairou, Beijing (Fig. 5). The new species is similar to L. belzebul (Fabricius), but can be separated by the wing mostly infuscated with darker areas close to veins, tergite 1 with basal half black and apical half yellow and with dense yellow hairs laterally and sparse yellow hairs medially. In Lomatia belzebul, the wing has only the anterior 1/4 infuscated, and the remainder parts hyaline; and tergite 1 is entirely black with the yellowish hairs laterally., Published as part of Yao, Gang, Luo, Jun, Li, Xuankun & Yang, Ding, 2022, First records of the subfamilies Ecliminae and Lomatiinae (Diptera, Bombyliidae) from China with description of two new species, pp. 396-408 in Zootaxa 5094 (3) on pages 399-402, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5974168

Genus Lomatia Meigen, 1822 Stygia Meigen, 1820: 137. Type species: Anthrax belzebul Fabricius, 1794, by subsequent designation (Westwood, 1840: 131) [Type designation for Lomatia Meigen, 1822, with Stygia in synonymy]. [Preoccupied by Latreille, 1804.] Lomatia Meigen, 1822: [Vorrede] (unpaginated) [1830: 324] (new replacement name for Stygia Meigen, 1820). Type species: Anthrax belzebul Fabricius, 1794, by subsequent designation (Westwood, 1840: 131). Stygide Latreille, 1825: 491 (new replacement name for Stygia Meigen, 1820). [Unavailable; vernacular name without status in nomenclature.] Stygidium Berthold, 1827: 500 (new replacement name for Stygia Meigen, 1820). Type species: Anthrax belzebul Fabricius, 1794, automatic. Stygides Latreille, 1829: 465 (new replacement name for Stygia Meigen, 1820). Type species: Anthrax belzebul Fabricius, 1794, automatic. Nettadion Gistel, 1848: ix (unjustified new replacement name for Lomatia Meigen, 1822). Type species: Anthrax belzebul Fabricius, 1794, automatic. Ancentralis Bezzi, 1925: 199. Type species: Anthrax pictipennis Wiedemann, 1828, by monotypy. [Unavailable; name proposed in specific synonymy with Anthrax pictipennis Wiedemann and not made available before 1961. See Evenhuis (1991: 18) for details.], Published as part of Yao, Gang, Luo, Jun, Li, Xuankun & Yang, Ding, 2022, First records of the subfamilies Ecliminae and Lomatiinae (Diptera, Bombyliidae) from China with description of two new species, pp. 396-408 in Zootaxa 5094 (3) on pages 398-399, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5094.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5974168, {"references":["Meigen, J. W. (1822) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Dritter Theil. Schultz- Wundermann, Hamm, x + 416 pp.","Meigen, J. W. (1820) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Zweiter Theil. F. W. Forstmann, Aachen, x + 363 pp.","Fabricius, J. C. (1794) Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tome IV. C. G. Proft, Hafniae [Copenhagen], [6] + 472 + [5] pp.","Westwood, J. O. (1840) Order XIII. Diptera Aristotle. (Antliata Fabricius. Halteriptera Clairv.). In: In his: An introduction to the modern classification of insects; founded on the natural habits and corresponding organization of the different families. Synopsis of the genera of British insects. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green and Longmans, London, pp. 125 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12455","Latreille, P. A. (1804) Tableau methodique des insectes. In: Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle, applique aux arts, principalement a l'agriculture et a l'economie rurale et domestique. Tome XXIV. Section 3. tableaux methodiques d'histoire naturelle. Deterville, Paris, pp. 129 - 200.","Latreille, P. A. (1825) Familles naturelles du regne animal, exposees succinctement et dans un ordre analytique, avec l'indication de leurs genres. J. - B. Bailliere, Paris, 570 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16094","Berthold, A. A. (1827) Naturliche Familien des Thierreichs. Aus dem Franzosischen. Mit Anmerkungen und Zusatzen. Landes- Industrie, Weimar, x + 606 pp.","Latreille, P. A. (1829) Suite et fin des insectes. In: Cuvier, [G. l. C. F. D.], Le regne animal distribue d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee. Avec figures dessinees d'apres nature. Nouvelle edition, revue et augmentee. Tome V. Deterville et Crochard, Paris, xxiv + 556 pp.","Gistel, J. N. F. X. (1848) Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs, fur hohere Schulen. R. Hoffman, Stuttgart, xvi + 216 + [4] pp.","Bezzi, M. (1925) Quelques notes sur les bombyliides (Dipt.) d'Egypte, avec description d'especes nouvelles. Bulletin de la Societe Royal d'Entomologique d'Egypte, 8, 159 - 242.","Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1828) Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Als Fortsetzung des Meigenschen Werkes. Erster Theil. Schulz, Hamm, xxxii + 608 pp.","Evenhuis, N. L. (1991) World catalog of genus-group names of bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Bishop Museum Bulletins in Entomology, 5, i - vii + 1 - 105."]}

Grevillea trichantha Olde, a rare species in the Triloba Group is described. It was discovered by the author in 2001 and appears to be most closely related to G. metamorpha Makinson, a rare, allopatric species known only from a single population on private land, west of the Brand Highway, in south-west Western Australia. Grevillea trichantha is the third species in the Triloba Group bearing floral organs on which hairs in various degrees of density are consistently distributed, notably on the outer surface of the perianth. A short key differentiating the three species is provided. Grevillea trichantha is more common than its comparator, G. metamorpha, but is still highly localised in distribution so deserves high conservation priority.

Key to the species of Virotia 1. Leaves associated with flowers and fruits usually 3–5-lobed (NUM, central)............................................. V. rousselii 1a. Leaves associated with flowers and fruits simple......... 2 2. Higher order venation comprising well developed, regularly shaped areoles; leaf blades in adult plants elliptic or obovate........................................................................ 3 2a. Higher order venation forming areoles less regular in shape and arrangement; leaf blades in adult plants oblanceolate, narrowly ovate-elliptic, or sometimes elliptic................ 4 3. Leaf blades in adult plants obovate or elliptic, 5–11 × 2.2–5.5 cm, narrowly cuneate at the base, drying mid brown and noticeably paler than the petiole; secondary veins relatively few (7–15 on either side of midrib fide VIROT, 1968), at a narrow angle to the midrib (30–40°); inflorescence axis, pedicels and outer surface of tepals glabrous (UM, S)........................................ V. neurophylla 3a. Leaf blades in adult plants elliptic, 12–20.5 × 4–5.5 cm, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, drying dark greenbrown and not noticeably paler than the petiole; secondary veins more numerous (18–35 on either side of midrib fide VIROT, 1968), at a wider angle to the midrib (c. 60°); inflorescence axis, pedicels and outer surface of tepals with small, adpressed, reddish hairs (NUM, NE).......... V. vieillardii 4. Secondary veins anastomosing close to the leaf margins, forming an intramarginal vein along the entire length of the leaf (UM, S).............................................. V. francii 4a. Secondary veins not anastomosing close to the leaf margins in distal part of leaf, intramarginal vein either absent or present towards the base of the blade only.... 5 5. Leaves long-attenuate at the base and sessile or almost so; inflorescence usually short (6–17.5 cm long); tepals bright pink (UM, NW only, Tiébaghi and environs)................................................................................ V. angustifolia 5a. Leaves cuneate or narrowly cuneate at the base and petiolate, though sometimes shortly so (petiole> 1 cm); inflorescences often longer (9–33 cm); tepals white, pale yellow, blue, pale pink or purplish white (mostly NUM, not NW)..................................................................... 6 6. Leaf blades 30– 56 cm long, the margins often bluntly toothed distally, and the apex usually pointed or sometimes obtuse; fruits crescent-shaped to ± elliptic in outline with a marked, sometimes sharply pointed beak (NUM or rarely UM, central)..................................... V. azurea 6a. Leaf blades 7.5– 22.5 cm long, the margins entire or sometimes minutely irregular, and the apex obtuse; fruits almost circular in outline, apex unbeaked or umbonate at most (NUM, central or UM, S)................ V. leptophylla

Notes on Virotia francii and V. leptophylla The following material was identified by Virot as Macadamia francii (��� Virotia francii) (based on his determinavit labels and the first three sheets were also cited in VIROT, 1968) and is re-determined here as V. leptophylla: MacKee 12654, Farino: for��t M��p��ou, Exploitation Foresti��re Germain (P); MacKee 12655, ibid. loco, rejet de 12654 (P); MacKee [leg. Gay] 15493, ibid. loco, ��tat de jeunesse avanc�� (P); Veillon 1618, Mt Arago (P). In addition, MacKee 18508 (Massif de Ton-Non, Roches Oua����me, P) was determined by Virot as M. francii but is redetermined by us as V. vieillardii, a species confined to north-eastern Grande Terre and which has ovate-elliptic leaf blades with quite well-defined areoles and borne on relatively long petioles (up to 10 cm). These new determinations have been entered in SONNERAT (2020), where images of the sheets can be seen. Among the specimens cited above, the field notes of MacKee 12654 described the flowers as ���bleu clair �� extr��mit�� blanche���, and so resembling the flowers of V. azurea, although the flowers of V. leptophylla are usually white or pale yellow. However, the leaf blades of this MacKee collection are relatively short with comparatively long petioles, hence our determination of this sheet as V. leptophylla. Removal of these collections from Virot���s concept of Macadamia francii, together with the description of Virotia azurea, means that V. francii is now a morphologically more homogeneous species restricted to ultramafic substrates in southern Grande Terre. Like both V. azurea and V. leptophylla, it commonly has elliptic, obovate-elliptic or rather long, narrow leaves; in V. francii, the petiole is (1���) 1.5���6 cm long and the blades 13���43 �� 2.8���7.8 cm, with the base cuneate or narrowly cuneate (to decurrent) and sometimes unequal, and the apex is �� acute and mucronulate, broadly acute, obtuse or occasionally rounded-retuse; leaves in juvenile plants and regrowth shoots can be slightly larger. As mentioned above, V. francii is most easily distinguished by the intramarginal vein that extends from the base of the leaf to the tip. Its immature fruits are beaked, as in V. azurea, whereas those of V. leptophylla are �� circular in outline and unbeaked, although sometimes they have a small umbo that develops from the base of the style. Virotia leptophylla is rather unusual in that it occurs on nonultramafic substrates in central Grande Terre and ultramafic ones in parts of the south, in the Thy valley (several collections; substrate ultramafic or a mosaic including ultramafic), Nord de la Conception (Balansa 2294, type, P; substrate probably ultramafic), and Haute Rivi��re des Pirogues, For��t Faux Bon Secours (MacKee 38034, P; substrate ultramafic). As mentioned above, the adult leaves are usually narrowly obovate-elliptic, elliptic, ovate, or sometimes oblanceolate (petioles 1���4.5 cm long; blades 7.5���22.5 �� 2.5���8.5 cm), with the base cuneate or narrowly cuneate and the apex obtuse to rounded and often retuse. Leaves from juveniles and small plants that flower in the understorey at c. 4 m high are usually narrowly ellipticovate (to 27 �� 7 cm) with an acute-mucronulate apex and longer petioles (to 7.5 cm). Some specimens from the region of La Foa and Canala (McPherson 6387, P; McPherson 6119, P; MacKee 12654, P) have somewhat atypical long lanceolate leaves with secondary veins branching nearer the margin, tertiary veins more apparent, and more coriaceous leaf blades. Typical forms and intermediates occur in the same area, so these variants probably do not warrant recognition as a distinct entity. The collection Tronchet et al. 462 (P) from Mt G��r�� At�� is left unplaced for now. Its pink flowers and relatively short, densely flowered inflorescences are reminiscent of V. angustifolia (Virot) P.H. Weston & A.R. Mast but it differs from the latter by its leaf blades, which are less coriaceous and have a rounded, not pointed, apex, and distinct petioles that are 2 cm long (petioles absent or very short in V. angustifolia). The Mn content of this specimen is modest (1047 ppm), suggesting that the plant was not growing on ultramafic substrate, whereas V. angustifolia is a strong Mn hyperaccumulator restricted to the ultramafic substrates of Ti��baghi. Tronchet et al. 462 appears to have a similar ecology to V. azurea and was collected within the distribution of V. azurea (and possibly V. leptophylla), but its pink flowers and rounded leaf apices distinguish it from V. azurea, while its long leaf blades (34 cm) with thicker petioles (2 mm wide) distinguish it from V. leptophylla., Published as part of Hopkins, Helen C. F. & Pillon, Yohan, 2020, Virotia azurea (Proteaceae: Macadamieae), a striking new species endemic to New Caledonia and notes on V. francii and V. leptophylla, pp. 89-98 in Candollea 75 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v751a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5684598, {"references":["VIROT, R. (1968). Proteacees. Fl. Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances 2.","SONNERAT (2020). Base de donnees des collections du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Paris. [http: // science. mnhn. fr / institution / mnhn / collection / p / item / search / form]"]}

Virotia azurea H.C. Hopkins & Pillon, sp. nov. (Fig. 1���3). Holotypus: NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: Poindimi��-Amoa, Wabuli, 20��57'26"S 165��14'24"E, 23 m, 6.II.2013, fl., G��tebl�� et al. 87 (P [P01067947]!; iso-: NOU!). Virotia azurea H.C. Hopkins & Pillon is similar to V. leptophylla (Guillaumin) L.A.S. Johnson & B.G. Briggs but differs by its longer, oblanceolate leaves that often have a rather long, pointed apex and margins that are often bluntly toothed distally (beyond the widest point), and by the fruits that in lateral view are crescent-shape or elliptic and strongly beaked. Slender, single- or multi-stemmed shrub or small tree 3 ��� 6 m high, following Corner���s model of architecture, sometimes with many iterations (D. Bruy, pers. comm.). Leaf-bearing stems circular in cross-section, 9 ��� 10.5 mm diam., with some minute hairs. Older stems with �� circular or kidney-shaped leaf-scars, the bark rough with numerous pale lenticels. Leaves in juvenile plants (seedlings, later stages of juvenile growth and regrowth shoots) not known. Leaves in adult plants spirally arranged, the distal ones clustered around the shoot apex, simple, shortly petiolate, erect to spreading; petioles 1.5��� 3(��� 7) cm long, fairly stout (3 mm diam.), terete; blades oblanceolate, 30���56 �� 5.3���11.5 cm; base narrowly cuneate or sometimes decurrent, symmetric; apex acute, pointed with a rounded tip, or bluntly pointed to �� rounded; margins usually somewhat undulate and sinuate to bluntly toothed, occasionally �� flat and entire; both surfaces entirely glabrous or almost so (a few minute hairs at most on midrib and on lower surface, at �� 40), dark shiny green above and lighter beneath; midrib on upper surface slightly indented to slightly raised towards the base, prominent, rounded and longitudinally ridged beneath; secondary and higher order venation minutely prominent on both surfaces in dry material; towards the base of the blade, secondary veins at a wide angle (c. 60��� 70��) to the midrib, parallel to one another and linked by an intramarginal vein close to the margins; in the middle and distal part of the leaf, secondary veins gradually at a narrower angle to the midrib (c. 40���60�� near the apex), either parallel or arcuate, branching and anastomosing further from the margins. Inflorescences: axes either inserted either singly in a leaf axil or 1���2 apparently arising from the axil of a leaf scar proximal to the current leaves (or rarely terminal, in Munzinger et al. 1462), erect or spreading; each a raceme of flower-pairs of total length 14���26 cm, including a common peduncle 7���9 cm long and bearing a few widely spaced bracts each to 3 mm long; flowering part cylindrical, 5.5��� 8 cm diam., its central axis slender, 1 ���2 mm diam., slightly ridged longitudinally, quite densely hairy when young, later sparsely to moderately hairy (at �� 40), the hairs short, red-brown, adpressed. Flowers: in pairs, the axis of each pair arising in the axil of a small, minutely hairy bract 0.5 mm long. Peduncle of each flowerpair 1.5��� 5 mm long, bearing 2 pedicels each (0 ���) 1��� 4 mm long, peduncle and pedicels together 3���9 mm long, slender, minutely hairy, slightly ridged longitudinally; bracts inserted close to the base of the pedicels (or sometimes below, on the peduncle), minute, triangular, 0.5 �� 0.2 mm, hairy; hairs on peduncles, pedicels and bracts 0.1 mm, reddish, adpressed. Bud just prior to anthesis a straight slender tube (20���) 25���32 mm long, very narrow for most of its length, expanded into an ovoid at the tip, also slightly expanded at the base, blue; outer surface sparsely to moderately hairy (hairs minute, reddish, adpressed). Tepals post-anthesis splitting to or almost to the base (remaining united at the base for up to 3 mm), tips of lobes ovate, thickened, 2.5 �� 1.5 mm, tepal lobes below the tip long and narrow, curling helically, blue to white (including light blue, mid-blue and white-violet), their inner surface glabrous. Stamens: free part of the filament very short, each one inserted towards the base of the ovate tip of a tepal; anthers 2 �� 1 mm, the connective shortly prolonged at the apex. Disc an erect, hypogynous cup or collar, thin, glabrous, slightly undulate along the top margin to shallowly 4-lobed or the lobes sometimes splitting to the base, maximum height 0.4 mm. Gynoecium: ovary cylindrical-conical, 1.5���2.5 �� 0.8 mm, glabrous or with a few minute hairs, blue or violet; style cylindrical, long and slender, 21���30 �� 0.5 mm, glabrous, �� white, the distal 2.5 mm forming a slightly swollen pollen presenter, this glabrous and shiny black with longitudinal ridges when dry; stigma a short terminal slit. Fruit few per infructescence, each borne on a thickened pedicel/peduncle c. 8 mm long, somewhat laterally compressed, crescent shaped or ventral part �� elliptic in outline with a marked beak at the end of the dorsal margin, c. 7.3 cm long (including the beak 1.5 cm long) �� 3.5 cm deep (between the mid-points of the ventral and dorsal margins); epicarp bright or dark shiny green, glabrous; seed (based on G��tebl�� et al. 449) 1 per fruit, almond-shaped, c. 4 cm long �� 1.7 cm wide, cotyledons pale blue to mauve or pale violet. Etymology. ��� The epithet, azurea, describes the colour of the flowers. According to STEARN (1992: 241), azureus means sky-blue, a light, pure, lively blue. Fresh seeds have cotyledons that are also bluish, tinged with pale violet. Distribution, habitat and phenology. ��� Virotia azurea is found in a restricted area of central Grande Terre that extends from Mt Aoupini�� in the south to Povila in the north (Fig. 4), growing in humid forest at altitudes between 20 and 600 m. Most collections are from non-ultramafic substrates; the type, Gat��bl�� et al. 87, is an exception as the field notes indicate the substrate as ultramafic. This reflects the geology of the area which is largely non-ultramafic but with pockets of ultramafic, especially serpentinite. One explanation for these small pockets or ���filons��� of ultramafic rock in otherwise non-ultramafic regions is that they may be due to diapirism (solid injection) along fault planes, in contrast to the large regions of ultramafics in the south and along the west coast of Grande Terre, in which over-thrust has been significant (LILLIE & BROTHERS, 1970). Mature flowers and large floral buds have been collected in February, April, June and October-November, and fruits in November-December and April. Conservation status. ��� Most collections of the new species were made in the adjacent valleys and ridges of Amoa and Tchamba, where it can be locally abundant (see field notes of Bruy 1220). Other localities where it has been collected are Povila, plateau de Tango and Mount Aoupini��. Its habitat, rainforest, is relatively well-preserved in this part of New Caledonia. While Mount Aoupini�� is a nature reserve, plateau de Tango has been heavily planted with the invasive tree Pinus caribaea Morelet. Dispersal of this large-fruited, large-seeded new species may be problematic because of hunting pressure on its putative dispersers (flying foxes and New Caledonian Imperial Pigeons). Virotia azurea was evaluated by the New Caledonia Red List Authority at a workshop held in Thio on October 24TH 2019. It qualifies as ���Vulnerable��� [VU B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)] under the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2012, 2017), based on an estimated AOO of 32 km ��, an EOO of 578 km �� and its occurrence at six localities. Notes. ��� Virotia azurea is similar to V. leptophylla but differs by its longer, oblanceolate leaves (30���56 cm long vs 7.5���22.5 cm in V. leptophylla) that often have a rather long, pointed apex, and margins that are often bluntly toothed distally (beyond the widest point) (vs apex usually obtuse or rounded and retuse, and margins entire or sometimes minutely irregular), and by the fruits that in lateral view are crescent-shape or elliptic and strongly beaked (vs fruit �� circular in lateral view and slightly umbonate at most) (Table 1). Although the leaf margins in both species can be sinuous-undulate, this character is more commonly seen in V. azurea. Both species occur in forest at similar elevations in central Grande Terre, principally on non-ultramafic substrates. However, at present, few, if any, collections of V. leptophylla are known from the exact region where V. azurea has been collected. Virotia azurea is compared with other species of Virotia in Table 1. Some material of Virotia azurea was previously identified as V. francii. These two species are not sympatric and morphologically, V. francii can be distinguished by its leaves, which typically have shorter blades, usually borne on longer petioles, and they have an intramarginal vein that extends along the entire length of the leaf (see below). Both V. leptophylla and V. francii usually have cream-white to pale yellow flowers, although rarely both have been reported to have some pink, lilac, violet or blue on the tepals (e.g. MacKee 12654 (P), V. leptophylla). Fig. 3B shows two bluish-mauve, naked cotyledons from a seed of V. azurea. Cotyledons pigmented with anthocyanin are also known to occur in V. neurophylla (Guillaumin) P.H. Weston & A.R. Mast (cotyledons of recently germinated seedlings deep purple-maroon on both inner and outer surfaces) and V. francii (cotyledons deep purple on the abaxial surface and plain green on the adaxial one) (P. Weston, pers. comm.). The species that is most commonly sympatric with V. azurea, also occurring in the region from Povila and Haute Tchamba-Haute Amoa southwards to Mt Aoupini��, is V. rousselii (Vieill.) P.H. Weston & A.R. Mast. This is usually readily distinguished by the large, robust 3���5-lobed leaves that accompany the flowers and fruits. In rare instances where the leaves associated with reproductive structures are simple or only partially lobed, as in MacKee 13139 (P, K) the blades are broadly oblanceolate and broadly rounded at the apex, and the inflorescence is longer, broader and more robust than in V. azurea. The long, oblanceolate leaves of V. azurea are rather similar to those of V. angustifolia (Virot) P.H. Weston & A.R. Mast, which is restricted to ultramafic substrates on and around the Massif de Ti��baghi in north-western Grande Terre. However, the leaf blades of V. angustifolia are long-attenuate at the base, typically lacking a petiole, and the margins are entire though they can be undulate. In addition, V. angustifolia commonly has rather short inflorescences, 6���17.5 cm long, and the flowers are bright pink, not blue or bluish. In most herbarium specimens of Virotia azurea, the leaves are either detached from the stem or attached to only a short section of it, and the inflorescences appear either to arise in the axil of a fully developed leaf or, when described in field notes as borne on the stems or branches, presumably they arise in the axil of a leaf scar. However, in Munzinger et al. 1462, we have the apex of a stem with the leaves clustered around it (Fig. 1B) and the peduncle of a young inflorescence arising at the tip of this stem. The leaves could be loosely described as forming a ���terminal cluster��� but they do not terminate the growth of the stem and so are not truly terminal, whereas the inflorescence does appear to terminate the shoot. The peduncle has a series of small, triangular, adpressed bracts around the base and at intervals along its length. Leaf manganese content was measured non-destructively on Virotia azurea ���s herbarium specimens with a handheld X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer (JAFFR�� et al., 2013; VAN DER ENT et al., 2019). We found significant variations with a high value of 4178 ��g g-�� for G��tebl�� et al. 87, and lower values for other specimens: 819 ��g g-�� (MacKee 4651), 825 (MacKee 18031), 981 (Munzinger et al. 1462), and a value below the detection threshold for Veillon 4651. The accumulation of manganese is a typical characteristic of New Caledonian Proteaceae growing on ultramafic substrates (JAFFRE, 1979), and these measurements are consistent with the dual ecology of this species, occurring on both serpentine and other metamorphic substrates. Vieillard 3060 (���Wagap, in sylvis montium���, 1861���1867, st., K, P [2 sheets]) is a mixed collection consisting of flowers of Oxera Labill. (Lamiaceae) and leaves of Virotia (G. G��tebl��, pers. comm.). The flowers represent the type material of Oxera merytifolia Guillaumin (G. G��tebl��, pers. comm.; DE KOK & MABBERLEY, 1999). Based on their shape and venation, the leaves appear to belong to V. azurea although the petiole is longer than in other collections. Because the locality of Wagap is vague, this specimen has been omitted from the distribution map, and it is also omitted from the list of paratypes. Paratypi. ��� NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: Amoa, 20��56'21"S 165��11'40"E, 330���340 m, 20.X.2018, fl., Bruy & Laudereau 1220 (NOU); Povila, 20��57'21"S 165��17'29"E, 390���400 m, 20.IV.2019, fl., Bruy & Laudereau 1281 (NOU); Tchamba, 21��00'26"S 165��14'36"E, 480 m, fr., Gat��bl�� et al. 449 (NOU); cr��te entre Haute Amoa et Haute Tchamba, 600 m, 21.VI.1966, fl., MacKee 15159 (NOU, P [2 sheets]); ibid. loco, Expl. Foresti��re L��tocart, [21��00'54"S 165��14'11"E], 600 m, 22.XI.1967, fl. & y.fr., MacKee 18031 (NOU, P [2 sheets]); Povila, [20��57'36"S 165��19'03"E], 400 m, 13.VI.1974, fl. buds, MacKee 28793 (P); Mt Aoupini��, [21��11'S 165��16'E], 500 m, 2.XII.1993, buds & fr., MacKee [leg. Suprin] 46274 (NOU, P); Haute Tchamba, 21��00'55"S 165��15'06"E, 10.XI.2002, fl., Munzinger et al.1462 (P); Plateau de Tango, pentes du Pic 700 au NW de Palo, [20��59'S 165��01'E], 21.X.1981, old fl., Veillon 4651 (NOU, P)., Published as part of Hopkins, Helen C. F. & Pillon, Yohan, 2020, Virotia azurea (Proteaceae: Macadamieae), a striking new species endemic to New Caledonia and notes on V. francii and V. leptophylla, pp. 89-98 in Candollea 75 (1) on pages 92-97, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v751a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5684598, {"references":["STEARN, W. T. (1992). Botanical Latin. Ed. 4. David & Charles, Newton Abbot.","LILLIE, A. R. & R. N. BROTHERS (1970). The geology of New Caledonia. N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys. 13: 145 - 183.","IUCN (2012). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Ed. 2. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland & Cambridge.","IUCN (2017). Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 13. Prepared by the IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland & Cambridge.","VIROT, R. (1968). Proteacees. Fl. Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances 2.","JAFFRE, T., Y. PILLON, S. THOMINE & S. MERLOT (2013). The metal hyperaccumulators from New Caledonia can broaden our understanding of nickel accumulation in plants. Front. Plant Sci. 4: 279.","VAN DER ENT, A., G. ECHEVARRIA, A. J. POLLARD & P. D. ERSKINE (2019). X-Ray fluorescence ionomics of herbarium collections. Sci. Rep. 9: 4746.","JAFFRE, T. (1979). Accumulation du manganese par les Proteacees de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, s er. D, Sci. Nat. 289: 425 - 428.","DE KOK, R. P. J. & D. J. MABBERLEY (1999). A synopsis of Oxera Labill. (Labiatae). Kew Bull. 54: 265 - 300."]}

Two new species of the tribe Synanthedonini are described from Taiwan: Synanthedonauritinctaoidissp. nov. and Paranthrenellahelvolasp. nov. Diagnostic characters for the two species are presented using body color, wing pattern, and genitalia. New records of the relationships between host plants and the immatures are also provided. S.auritinctaoidis feeds in the trunk of Cinnamomumcamphora (Lauraceae) and P.helvola in callus tissue of Heliciaformosana (Proteaceae) or Prunuscampanulata (Rosaceae).

Kermadecia brinoniae H.C. Hopkins & Pillon, spec. nova (Fig. 1A���K). Holotypus: NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Sud: Thy River Valley, c. 12 air-km NE of Noum��a [22��14'S 166��32'E], 200 m, 12.X.1979, McPherson 1945 (P [P02363286]!; iso-: MO, NOU!, NSW). Kermadecia brinoniae H.C. Hopkins & Pillon is most similar to K. elliptica Brongn. & Gris but differs by the more markedly raised venation on the lower leaf surface and by the base of the leaves, which is usually clearly cordate, rather than rounded, obtuse or weakly cordate. Trees to 20 m tall, trunk to 30 cm diameter. Young twigs 4���7 mm diameter, with a dense covering of minute, ferruginous or greyish trichomes, these also present on the axillary buds and expanding adult leaves. Older twigs (proximal to the leaves) 5���8 mm diameter, glabrous, bearing some obscure lenticels and somewhat prominent heart-shaped to circular leaf scars. Bark brown, marked with grey and somewhat rough, or obscure, longitudinal furrows. Leaves in seedlings (based on MacKee 16340 & 37333): simple, petiolate; petioles 2���5 cm long, slender, hairy; blades variable in shape in a single seedling, elliptic, ovate, obovate or rhomboidal to partly lobed, sometimes asymmetric, 5.7 �� 2.8 to 14 �� 7 cm, papyraceous; base variable, cuneate to cordate, symmetric or not; apex acute; margins coarsely toothed, more strongly so towards the apex, teeth apiculate; abaxial surface coarsely hairy on the veins. Leaves in more advanced juvenile stages (including regrowth foliage; based on MacKee 16020 & 37332) imparipinnate, petiolate; petioles 9���27 cm long, 4���5 mm in diameter near the base, finely pubescent to glabrescent. Lateral leaflets in 5���6 opposite pairs, proximal ones with petiolules c. 1 cm long, distal ones �� sessile; blades ovate, oblong-elliptic or oblong, 8.5��� 17 �� 4��� 9 cm, base cordate or rounded, asymmetric and often oblique, apex acute-acuminate to somewhat truncate, margins entire or with a few coarse apiculate teeth towards the tip, papyraceous to coriaceous. Terminal leaflet similar in length to the most distal laterals, obovate to �� round, sometimes asymmetric with a large lobe prefiguring a lateral leaflet, in symmetric leaflets base cuneate to subcordate, apex acute-acuminate, margins entire or with a few coarse apiculate teeth near the tip. Leaves in adult plants simple, petiolate; petioles 2���8.5 cm long, pulvinate at the base, terete above, with faint longitudinal striations and an indumentum of minute, curled, ferruginous (plus sometimes a few white) trichomes, glabrescent; blades oblong-elliptic, ovate, broadly ovate or elliptical-obovate, (6.2���)9.5���18.5 �� (3.8���) 7���10.5 cm, cordate at the base, rounded or broadly obtuse towards the apex, apex often retuse or splitting in older leaves, margins �� entire to somewhat irregular or sinuate (rarely coarsely toothed distally); secondary veins c. 5���7 on either side of midrib, angle to midrib 40���50�� in mid-part of leaf, venation brochidodromous; abaxial surface said to be light shiny green when fresh but commonly drying mid-brown, with scattered minute ferruginous or whitish trichomes on the midrib, secondary and tertiary veins (hairs c. 0.1 mm), intervenium and higher order venation almost glabrous, with minute ���glands��� (hair bases) associated with higher order venation, midrib markedly prominent for its entire length and usually sharply so, secondary, tertiary and at least some quaternary veins also sharply prominent, this readily visible in dried material; adaxial surface said to be dark shiny green when fresh, usually drying yellowish green except for youngest leaves which dry dark brown, glabrous except for some minute trichomes at the base of the midrib, midrib, secondary and tertiary venation flat or slightly indented, or tertiary and quaternary venation sometimes minutely raised, areoles visible or not in dried material. Inflorescences: axes either proximal to the leaves, arising singly on woody stems to 2 cm diameter or sometimes axillary (supra-axillary?), each axis 11���25 cm long �� 3���5 mm diameter just above the basal attachment (which is broader), somewhat ridged longitudinally, unbranched, erect or somewhat spreading, the flowers opening simultaneously in any inflorescence (at least in herbarium material); pairs of free pedicels or their scars �� evenly spaced along the entire length of the axis, almost to its base; pedicels 13���16 mm long (��� 22 mm soon after flowering) �� 1 mm diameter, terete, arising in collateral pairs, each pedicel subtended by a small, thick bract, or bracts fused (and then sometimes bract bilobed at the tip); pedicels oblique at their distal end, up to 4 mm longer on one side than the other; rachis, pedicels and bracts covered by a dense indumentum of minute, curled, ferruginous trichomes. Flowers: buds on the point of opening to 16 mm long, unequal and expanded at the base, then forming a narrow tube above (9���12 �� 1.5 mm), and distal part globose (4 �� 4 mm); apical lobes of tepals thick, each bearing a single anther with 2 thecae on the inner surface; outer surface of tepals covered by a dense indumentum of minute, ferruginous, curled trichomes, inner surface glabrous except at the margins and drying almost black except for the lobes which have a paler, granular surface; post anthesis, tepals splitting apart to the base of the flower, �� spoon-shaped, all reflexed and/or somewhat curled; anthers 2.5 �� 1 mm, thecae dehiscing longitudinally, connective minutely prolonged at the apex; disc semi-circular or crescent-shaped around the base of the ovary, well developed on the side of the flower where the pedicel is shorter, lacking on the side where the pedicel is longer, glabrous, drying almost black; ovary cylindrical-conical, c. 5 �� 1.5 mm, gradually tapering into the style, outer surface with a dense indumentum of ferruginous trichomes, less curled than those on the outer surface of the tepals; style c. 13 mm long, slightly furrowed longitudinally, hairy towards the base with a few scattered hairs distally, drying almost black, straight except for the distal 2 mm which are often narrower and slightly bent and sometimes flattened on the lower surface in flowers post anthesis, forming a densely hairy pollen presenter at anthesis, the hairs readily breaking off. Fruits when fresh: epicarp shiny black when ripe (fide MacKee 16339), outer mesocarp quite thick and fibrous or succulent, inner mesocarp very hard; dried fruits (MacKee 16339) appearing hard, woody, with the surface �� smooth to slightly corrugated, sometimes developing a few irregular fissures associated with the corrugations (artefact of drying), 4.5���4.8 �� 2 �� 2.5 cm, elliptic-obovate and inequilateral in lateral view, evenly curved along the ventral line, slightly angled distally along the dorsal line; base cuneate with the scar almost centrally placed, 4 mm in diameter; blunt towards the apex, apex with a small mucro (remnant of the style-base) located towards the ventral margin; in cross-section, inner mesocarp �� trullate, angled especially at the dorsal line. Etymology. ��� The epithet of this new species honours Helen Brinon, who had a keen interest in the New Caledonian flora and who collected more than 800 numbers between 1976 and 1987, mostly from the Thy (or Thi) Valley, where K. brinoniae has been found. Helen Brinon was British but a long-term resident in New Caledonia, where she was the wife of Marcel Brinon, who worked for the Service des Eaux et For��ts de la Nouvelle-Cal��donie. Before coming to New Caledonia, she had done ethnobotanical work in the north of Australia (T. Jaffr�� pers. comm.; G. McPherson, pers. comm.; MORAT, 2010). Distribution, habitat and phenology. ��� This species is a rainforest tree known from only a few localities in the south of Grande Terre, New Caledonia (Fig. 2). The substrate is either ultramafic or unclear, in areas where a mosaic of rocks is known to occur. Buds have been collected from October to December, flowers in October and November and mature fruit in January. Conservation status. ��� The new species is known from 4 or 5 populations, only one of which occurs within a protected area (R��serve naturelle de la Vall��e de la Thy). Its habitat, rainforest, is fragmented and declining because of fire. Dispersal of this large-fruited, large-seeded taxon may be problematic because of hunting pressure on its putative dispersers (flying foxes and New Caledonian Imperial Pigeons). Kermadecia brinoniae will be evaluated by the New Caledonia Red List Authority but would probably qualify as ���Endangered��� [EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)] under the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2012, 2017), based on its AOO of 30 km �� and EOO of 20 km �� and the fact that it is known from fewer than 10 locations. Notes. ��� In K. brinoniae, the secondary, tertiary and at least some quaternary veins are sharply raised on the lower surface of the leaf blades in adult leaves, whereas on the lower leaf surface of K. elliptica, the secondary veins are less strongly raised, and the tertiary and higher order venation are flat or almost so. In K. brinoniae, the areoles are typically less visible in dried material than they are in K. elliptica and the base of the blade is clearly cordate, whereas in K. elliptica it is rounded, obtuse or scarcely cordate and often slightly unequal. The two species also occur on different substrates, K. brinoniae on ultramafic ones or mosaics including ultramafic, and K. elliptica on non-ultramafic substrates. The following details of floral colour have been noted on specimen labels: MacKee 29240, tepals brown on outside, yellow inside; ovary brown, style greenish yellow; MacKee 37331, tepals in full bloom pale yellow with reddish pubescence on the outside; McPherson 1945, perianth brownish yellow outside, cream-coloured within; style brown at base, green distally, apex cream-coloured, often with a central purple dot. Measurements with a handheld X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer (GEI et al., 2018) indicated that K. brinoniae can accumulate a moderate amount of manganese in its leaves: 665 ��g g- �� in MacKee 16019, 769 in Sarlin 75, 906 in MacKee 5284, 1233 in MacKee 16399, and 2158 in MacKee 29240. The accumulation of manganese is a typical characteristic of New Caledonian Proteaceae growing on ultramafic substrates (JAFFR��, 1979). According to JAFFR�� (1980), 21 % of the species growing on ultramafic substrates in New Caledonia have a leaf Mn concentration exceeding 1000 ��g g-��, thus, the Mn content of K. brinoniae is not unusual considering its ecology. Paratypi. ��� NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Sud: Thy, upper Home Track, 250 m, 12.X.1980, buds & old fl., Brinon 873 (NOU); Robinson, for��t ��� Lavoix ���, 14.XI.2011, buds, Chambrey [leg. S. Grenda et al.] 130 (NOU); For��t ��� Demazures ���, 14.XI.2011, old fl., Chambrey [leg. S. Grenda et al.] 131 (NOU [2 sheets]); For��t de la Thy, 20.XII.1983, seedling, Lauri 116 (NOU); Vallee de Thy, slope towards Mt Koghi, 300���400 m, 22.IX.1956, buds, MacKee 5284 (BM, K, P); Pente au N de la Conception, 200���400 m, 6.XII.1966, buds & old fl., MacKee 16019 (K, NOU, P [2 sheets]); ibid. loco, rejet du tronc (see MacKee 16019), MacKee 16020 (K, NOU, P [2 sheets]); Pente au N de la Conception, 200 m, 23.I.1967, fr. & st., MacKee 16339 (K [1 sheet, carpo.], NOU, P [2 sheets, carpo.]); ibid. loco, seedling, MacKee 16340 (P); Route de Yate, Les Dalmates, 150 m, 8.IX.1974, fl., MacKee 29240 (NOU, P); For��t de Thy, 100 m, 21.IX.1979, fl., MacKee 37331 (K, NOU, P); ibid. loco, juv.lvs, MacKee 37332 (NOU, P [2 sheets]); ibid. loco, seedling, MacKee 37333 (NOU, P); For��t de Thy, s.d., buds & fl., Sarlin 75 (P [2 sheets])., Published as part of Hopkins, Helen C. F. & Pillon, Yohan, 2019, Kermadecia brinoniae (Proteaceae: Macadamieae), a new species from New Caledonia previously confused with K. elliptica, pp. 85-92 in Candollea 74 (1) on pages 86-90, DOI: 10.15553/c2019v741a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5684522, {"references":["MORAT, P. (2010). Les botanistes recolteurs en Nouvelle-Caledonie de 1774 a 2005. Adansonia ser. 3, 32: 159 - 216.","IUCN (2012). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1 ed. 2. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland & Cambridge.","IUCN (2017). Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Ver. 13. Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. [http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf]","GEI, V., P. D. ERSKINE, H. H. HARRIS, G. ECHEVARRIA, J. MESJASZ- PRZYBYLOWICZ, A. D. BARNABAS, W. J. PRZYBYLOWICZ, P. M. KOPITTKE & A. VAN DER ENT (2018). Tools for the discovery of hyperaccumulator plant species and understanding their ecophysiology. In: VAN DER ENT, A. et al. (ed.), Agromining: Farming for metals: 117 - 133. Springer International.","JAFFRE, T. (1979). Accumulation du manganese par les Proteacees de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. 3, Sci. Vie, 289: 425 - 428.","JAFFRE, T. (1980). Etude ecologique du peuplement vegetal des sols derives de roches ultrabasiques en Nouvelle-Caledonie. Trav. Doc. ORSTOM 124."]}

Key to the species of Kermadecia 1. Flowers sessile, paired, each pair on a short peduncle (to 2 mm long), peduncles arranged along the length of an otherwise unbranched inflorescence axis.. K. pronyensis 1a. Flowers pedicellate (pedicels 8 ���16 mm long), arranged in collateral pairs along the length of a branched or unbranched inflorescence axis..................................... 2 2. Abaxial surface of adult leaves densely covered by a ferruginous indumentum of minute hairs; inflorescence axes robust (��� 7 mm diam. near the base)............. K. sinuata 2a. Abaxial surface of adult leaves glabrous or almost so; inflorescence axis less robust (3���4 mm diam. near the base)............................................................................ 3 3. Adult leaves with secondary and tertiary venation sharply raised on abaxial surface of blades; base of blades cordate....................................................... K. brinoniae 3a. Adult leaves with secondary and tertiary venation slightly raised on abaxial surface of blades; base of blades obtuse, rounded or slightly cordate (rarely markedly cordate)...4 4. Main inflorescence axis unbranched............. K. elliptica 4a. Main inflorescence axis commonly with 2 ��� 4 side branches................................................ K. rotundifolia, Published as part of Hopkins, Helen C. F. & Pillon, Yohan, 2019, Kermadecia brinoniae (Proteaceae: Macadamieae), a new species from New Caledonia previously confused with K. elliptica, pp. 85-92 in Candollea 74 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.15553/c2019v741a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5684522

Kermadecia elliptica Brongn. & Gris in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 10: 228 (Fig. 1L���M). Lectotypus (designated here): NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: ��� Balade ���, 1855���1860, Vieillard 1104 (P [P00607467]!; isolecto-: P [P00607468]!). Trees to 10 m tall, trunk to 40 cm diameter. Young twigs 4���6 mm diameter, with a dense covering of minute, light ferruginous trichomes (turning straw-coloured when old), these also present on very young adult leaves, quickly or slowly glabrescent. Older twigs 5���7 mm diameter, glabrous, bearing pale lenticels and somewhat prominent heart-shaped to circular leaf scars. Bark light brown and somewhat rough (MacKee 17744). Leaves in seedlings unknown. Leaves in more advanced juvenile stages (based on Vieillard 1104 p.p.) imparipinnate, petiolate; petiole to 8���12 cm long, 2���3 mm in diameter near the base, slender, finely hairy to glabrous. Lateral leaflets 4���6, opposite or alternate, shortly petiolulate (petiolule ��� 5 mm) to subsessile; blades oblong-elliptic, increasing in size distally along the rachis from 4 �� 1.8 cm to 11.5 �� 4 cm, base asymmetric, usually oblique, apex acute to obtuse, margins entire, glabrous on both surfaces, �� coriaceous. Terminal leaflet ovate or markedly asymmetric with a large lobe prefiguring a lateral leaflet, symmetric leaflets c. 15 �� 8.5 cm. Leaves in adult plants simple, petiolate; petioles 3���8 cm long, pulvinate at the base, terete above, with longitudinal striations, either glabrous or with a dense indumentum of minute, light ferruginous to straw-coloured, curled trichomes especially towards the base, glabrescent; blades elliptic, 6.5���12.5(��� 16) �� 3.7��� 7(��� 8.5) cm, rounded or broadly obtuse at the base and often somewhat unequal, rounded or obtuse towards the apex (sometimes damaged), apex minutely retuse, margins somewhat irregular, sinuate (or sometimes coarsely toothed); secondary veins 5���6(��� 9) on either side of midrib, sometimes a few less well developed than others, angle to midrib 40���50�� in mid-part of leaf; venation brochidodromous; abaxial surface said to be light green when fresh but commonly drying light brown, glabrous throughout, midrib prominent especially towards the base, secondary veins slightly prominent, tertiary and higher order veins flat or almost so in dried material; adaxial surface said to be dark shiny green when fresh, drying mid-green, sometimes with blotches of yellow-green, glabrous throughout, midrib, secondary and other venation �� flat, areoles usually clearly visible in dried material. Inflorescence: axes proximal to the leaves, arising singly or in pairs on woody stems 1���1.5 cm diameter, each axis 18���25 cm long �� 4 mm diameter just above the basal attachment (which is broader), somewhat ridged longitudinally, unbranched, erect or somewhat spreading, the flowers either all opening simultaneously or the basal flowers opening first; pairs of free pedicels or their scars �� evenly spaced along the entire length of the axis, almost to its base; pedicels 8���9 mm long (��� 13 mm soon after flowering) �� 1 mm diameter, terete, arising in collateral pairs (rarely singly or pedicels fused in pairs), each pedicel subtended by a small bract, or bracts fused in pairs; pedicels oblique at their distal end, c. 2.5 mm longer on one side than the other; axis and pedicels covered by a dense indumentum of minute, curled, light ferruginous trichomes. Flowers: buds on the point of opening 15���18 mm long, unequal and expanded at the base especially on one side, then forming a narrow tube above (10���12 �� 1.5 mm), and distal part globose (4 �� 4 mm); apical lobes of tepals thick, each bearing a single anther with 2 thecae on the inner surface; outer surface of tepals covered by a dense indumentum of minute, ferruginous or straw-coloured, curled trichomes, inner surface glabrous except along margins and drying reddish black except for the lobes which have a paler, granular surface; post anthesis, tepals splitting apart to the base of the flower, spoon-shaped, all reflexed and/or somewhat curled; anthers c. 2 �� 1 mm, thecae dehiscing longitudinally, connective minutely prolonged at one or both ends; disc semi-circular or crescent-shaped around the base of the ovary, well developed on the side of the flower where the pedicel is shorter, lacking on the side where the pedicel is longer, glabrous, drying almost black; ovary cylindrical-conical, 4.5 �� 1.5 mm, gradually tapering into the style, outer surface with a dense indumentum of ferruginous trichomes, somewhat less curled than on the outer surface of the tepals; style 12���14 mm long, furrowed longitudinally when dry, hairy towards the base and glabrous above, drying almost black, straight or slightly curved, distal 2 mm forming a �� clavate, densely hairy pollen presenter. Fruits (based on Pillon 1171): epicarp smooth; fruit c. 4.7 �� 2.8 cm, obovate and inequilateral in lateral view, evenly curved along the ventral line, more markedly curved along the dorsal line and slightly angled distally; base cuneate with attachment scar oblique; blunt towards the apex with a small mucro (remnant of the style-base) located towards the ventral margin; shape in cross-section not determined. Distribution, habitat and phenology. ��� Kermadecia elliptica is endemic to Grande Terre, New Caledonia and occurs in the north-east and central parts of the island (Fig. 2), in forest on non-ultramafic substrates. Buds have been collected in December, flowers in August and September, and mature fruits in March, but further collections are needed with the precise date of collection. Notes. ��� VIROT (1968) remarked on the similarity between Kermadecia ��� elliptica ��� (including K. brinoniae) and K. rotundifolia, and the need to have specimens with inflorescences and mature flowers in order to distinguish between them. Both K. elliptica and K. rotundifolia have glabrous or almost glabrous leaves in which the tertiary and quaternary venation are scarcely raised to �� flat on the abaxial surface and the leaf bases are rounded or obtuse to slightly cordate (rarely distinctly cordate in K. rotundifolia). Kermadecia elliptica is distinguished from K. rotundifolia, with which it is sympatric, by the main inflorescence axes, which are usually branched (i.e. a panicle of racemes of flower-pairs) in K. rotundifolia and unbranched (a simple raceme of flower-pairs) in K. elliptica. However, the field notes of McPherson 2977 from Mt Pani�� state that both branched and unbranched inflorescences can occur on the same plant. Although VIROT (1968: 80) mentioned a few other small differences between these two species, we may eventually find that they are insufficient to retain the two as distinct. The field notes of MacKee 17744 record the colour of the flowers in Kermadecia elliptica as very pale brown. In the protologue of Kermadecia elliptica, BRONGNIART & GRIS (1863) gave the following information: ��� Arbor; crescit in silvis montium Novae Caledoniae prope Balade (Vieillard, no 1104) ���. It is well known that Vieillard used numbers to indicate material that he considered all belonged to a single species, rather than to refer to individual gatherings, and that label data were repeatedly copied for duplicate specimens, leading to the possibility of errors and omissions. Several sheets at P and elsewhere bear the collector���s name and number Vieillard 1104 and all those we have seen are sufficiently alike to be conspecific. However, not all are part of the type. Only material of Vieillard 1104 from Balade dated ���1855��� 60��� can be considered as types because those specimens with labels showing they were collected in the period ���1861���67��� would not have been in Paris in 1863 at the time the name was published. The lectotype and isolectotype indicated above, with the locality Balade and the date 1855���1860, both have adult leaves and racemes of flowers either at anthesis or with the perianth fallen and they are sufficiently similar to each other to be considered part of the same collection. Sheet P00607471 (ex Caen) also indicates the locality ���Balade��� but has no date and gives the number as ���1104 = 1106���. It has adult leaves but the flowers are in bud so it is not certain that it is part of the same collection as the lectotype and thus it is excluded from being an isolectotype. Sheets P00607470 and P00607469 both consist of pinnate juvenile or regrowth leaves and old flowers. Sheets at HBG and MPU both give the locality of ���Wagap��� and the date ���1861���67���; they have adult leaves and flowers in bud, as does a sheet at BM. These last five sheets, with the locality Wagap or without a locality, are excluded from being part of the type material. Material of Vieillard 1106 is conspecific with 1104 but does not form part of the type. At P, this material comprises three sheets with different localities and phenology. Other sheets of Vieillard 1106 are present at G, K, and L (see additional material examined). Additional material examined. ��� NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: Haute Kon��, Plateau de Tango, 350 m, 17.X.1967, buds, MacKee 17744 (K, P [2 sheets]); Haute Temala, Poami, 700 m, 26.VIII.1976, fl., MacKee [leg. Cherrier] 31855 (P [2 sheets]); Wagap, collines de Torio, 1861 ���1867, juv. lvs & fl., Vieillard 1104 (P [P00607470]); sine loco, s.d., juv. lvs & fl., Vieillard 1104 (P [P00607469]); Wagap, 1861 ���1867, buds, Vieillard 1104 (HBG [HBG508307], MPU [MPU108875]); Ad Wagap, s.d., buds & y.fr., Vieillard 1104 (BM); Balade, s.d., buds, Vieillard 1104 = 1106 (P [P00607471]); Ad montes prope Wagap, 1864, fl., Vieillard 1106 (P [P00607479]); ibid. loco, 1861 ���1867, old fl., Vieillard 1106 (G, P [P00607478]); ibid. loco, s.d., st., Vieillard 1106 (L [L0039609]); ibid. loco, s.d., buds, fl. & juv. lvs, Vieillard 1106 (K [K000736961]); Montagne de Diaue, 1855 ���1860, buds, Vieillard 1106 (P [P00607477]); sine loco, s.d., juv. lvs & old fl., Vieillard 1106 (K). Prov. Sud: Col d���Amieu, M�� Aravera, 18.IX.1989, fl., MacKee [leg. Harbulot] 44619 (NOU, P [2 sheets]); Col d���Amieu, 21��34'21"S 165��49'39"E, 28.III.2008, fr., Pillon et al. 1171 (NOU)., Published as part of Hopkins, Helen C. F. & Pillon, Yohan, 2019, Kermadecia brinoniae (Proteaceae: Macadamieae), a new species from New Caledonia previously confused with K. elliptica, pp. 85-92 in Candollea 74 (1) on pages 90-91, DOI: 10.15553/c2019v741a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5684522, {"references":["VIROT, R. (1968). Proteacees. Fl. Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependance s 2.","BRONGNIART, A. & A. GRIS (1863). Note sur quelques Proteacees de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 10: 226 - 229."]}

Insect galls of the Floresta da Cicuta (Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil). Galls are changes in the pattern of growth and development of plant tissues or organs in response to the action of an inducing organism, usually an insect. The goal of the present study was to inventory the insect galls of the Floresta da Cicuta (Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil). The collections were carried out along all the trails, totaling 16 hours of sampling. Forty-three morphotypes of insect galls were found in 24 plant species (18 genera and 15 families). Sapindaceae and Euphorbiaceae were the most richness host plant families. Six new records of host plant species are presented: Senefeldera verticillata (Vell.) Croizat. (Euphorbiaceae), Inga acuminata (Fabaceae), Ocotea elegans (Lauraceae), Ouratea stipulata (Ochnaceae), Psychotria nuda (Rubiaceae) and Cestrum intermedium (Solanaceae). Most of the galls occurred on leaves (n = 21) and stems (n = 18), followed by buds (n = 2), two gall morphotypes occurred simultaneously on leaves and stems. One-chambered galls were more frequent (n = 31), as well as glabrous galls (n = 33). The gallers belong to three insect orders: Diptera (Cecidomyiidae), Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera. The associated fauna comprised parasitoids (Hymenoptera), inquilines (Hemiptera and Coleoptera) and successors (Isoptera and Acari).

A preliminary list of Diptera (Insecta) in Garf Raydah Nature Reserve (GRNR), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) with remarks on their zoogeographic affinities is presented. This is the first in a series of planned faunal studies on different insect orders as an output of a project proposed to study the entire entomofauna of GRNR. A total number of 177 Diptera species belonging to 130 genera, representing 38 families has been listed. Some species have been identified only to genus and listed herein as genera that were not previously recorded from KSA or of a taxonomic or faunal importance. The list records five families, 11 genera and 31 species for the first time in KSA, namely: the families Acroceridae, Asteiidae, Chamaemyiidae, Heleomyzidae and Pipunculidae; the genera Acrocera (Acroceridae), Eremisca (Asilidae), Asteia (Asteiidae), Chamaemyia sp. (Chamaemyiidae), Ochthera (Ephydridae), Physoconops (Conopidae), Pseudoleria (Heleo-myzidae), Salentia (Therevidae), Sapromyza (Lauxaniidae), Sternobrithe...

Aims: To promote the conservation and biotechnology approach of Oreocallis grandiflora, a promising wild, medicinal and agroforestry Peruvian plant, a methodology for its in vitro propagation was performed. Study Design: Disinfection and germination of seed, followed by shoot multiplication and rooting using in vitro techniques. Place and Duration of Study: Follicles were collected in Yupa - Huaraz (9°30'26.76"S, 77°28'21.33"W) and the experimental procedure was done between January 2013 and December 2016. Methodology: Follicles with different colors were disinfected with ethanol 70% at different times, and seeds were place on basic culture medium composed by ½ Murashige and Skoog, sucrose (30 g·L-1) and phytagel (3 g·L-1), at pH 5.7. Shoot induction was performed using N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg·L-1. For root induction, α-naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) or gibberellic acid (GA3) at 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0 mg·L-1 were used. Results: Disinfection of follicles at 15 and 20 min. of 70% ethanol were successful at 100%, and all seed germinated without addition of any growth regulator. The best shoot induction treatments were 3.0 and 4.0 mg·L-1 of BAP at 60 days of PGR exposition. For the root development PGR supplement was not necessary, but GA3 improved rooting percentage and explants growth while NAA induced callusing. Conclusion: This is the first report of in vitro propagation of O. grandiflora, and provides important results to promote its domestication, ex situ conservation, and biotechnological applications.

91. Protea linearis Houtt., Nat. Hist. II(4): Aanwyz. Plaat. [1], 116, tab. 19, fig. 2. 1775. Lectotypus (designated here by Veldkamp & Callmander): SOUTH AFRICA: Cape, Auge s.n. [?] (G-PREL [G00818074]!). = Leucadendron brunioides Meisn. in A. DC., Prodr. 14: 215. 1856. Notes. ��� A single original specimen is in the Cape herbarium in G-PREL probably collected by Auge. This collection was used for the illustration and is designated here as the lectotype. Protea linearis is the first report by Houttuyn of a specimen from South Africa in his own herbarium (see introduction p. 158)., Published as part of Wijnands, Dirk Onno, Heniger, Johannes, Veldkamp, Jan Frederik, Fumeaux, Nicolas & Callmander, Martin W., 2017, The botanical legacy of Martinus Houttuyn (1720 - 1798) in Geneva, pp. 155-198 in Candollea 72 (1) on pages 186-187, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v721a11, http://zenodo.org/record/5721887

thomesiana, Roupala, S. Moricand, 1847: 172, pl. 100. Type locality: [Brazil, Bahia] prope S. Thomé [Blanchet] (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Breure, Abraham S. H. & Tardy, Emmanuel, 2016, From the shadows of the past: Moricand senior and junior, two 19 th century naturalists from Geneva, with their newly described taxa and molluscan types, pp. 113-138 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 (1) on page 119, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.46292

The original description of Afraustraloderes rassei Bouyer, 2012 included a female that is now recognized as a separate species belonging to the genus Pixodarus and here described as Pixodarus spiniscapus sp. n. The true female of Afraustraloderes rassei has also been obtained recently and is, therefore, here described. The synonymy of Pixodarus exasperatus with Pixodarus nyassae, proposed earlier by Santos Ferreira (1980), is here supported. Conversely, the earlier inclusion of Afraustraloderes rassei in the tribe Hopliderini is rejected, on the basis of a key set of characters established by Quentin and Villiers (1972, 1975). Afraustraloderes rassei appears to be restricted to the Cape Floral Region, exhibiting larval development in trunks and roots of dead Proteaceae plants. Conversely, Pixodarus spiniscapus has so far only been recorded in the eastern part of South Africa and appears to be associated with bushveld vegetation.

Takeuchi, Wayne (2014): A distinctive addition to the tree flora of Papua New Guinea: Helicia woxvoldiana sp. nov. (Proteaceae), a large-flowered myrmecophyte from the upper Sepik. Phytotaxa 172 (2): 94-100, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.172.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.172.2.4

A new species of Roupala, R. gertii from the endangered Atlantic coastal forests of Brazil is described and illustrated.

A new vagrant eriophyoid mite species, collected from plant material imported into the United Kingdom, is described and illustrated: Aceria argentae n. sp. found on Leucadendron argenteum (L.) R. Br. (Proteaceae) from South Africa. A review of the eriophyoid mite species known from plants in the Proteaceae is also provided and recent findings of non-native eriophyoid mites in the United Kingdom are discussed.

Grevillia subtropicalis Bordoni, 2005 Material examined. Australia: New South Wales, Monga S. F., 36.37 S, 149.55 E, 3 km E Monga, M. Hansen 14.XII.1968, 1 ex. (ZMUC), 1 ex. (cB). Notes. This species is known until now only from New South Wales (Bordoni, 2005)., Published as part of Bordoni, Arnaldo, 2010, Xantholinini from the Australian and Oriental Regions. New genus, new species and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). 208 �� contribution to the knowledge of the Staphylinidae, pp. 38-46 in Zootaxa 2538 on page 42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196679, {"references":["Bordoni, A. (2005) Revision of the Xantholinini of Australia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). In: Daccordi M. & Giachino P. M. (eds.). Results of the Zoological Missions to Australia of the Regional Museum of Natural Sciences of Turin, Italy. II. Monografie del Museo regionale di Scienze naturali, Torino, 42, 435 - 614."]}

Bordoni, Arnaldo (2010): Xantholinini from the Australian and Oriental Regions. New genus, new species and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). 208 ° contribution to the knowledge of the Staphylinidae. Zootaxa 2538: 38-46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196679

Diastella kuranda (Fig. 23) 2n=21 (20t +Xt) Specimens examined: 2006-3, -4, -8, -9, 2007-6 The karyotype of this species consists of one pair of large, 9 pairs of medium to small, and the largest X (Fig. 23a). They are all telocentrics. At first metaphase 9 autosomal bivalents and the sole X are seen (Fig. 23b). As a result of the first division, there are 10 autosomes with the X (Fig. 23c) and 10 autosomes (Fig. 23d)., Published as part of Rentz, Dcf, Su, You Ning & Ueshima, Norhiro, 2008, Studies in Australian Tettigoniidae: new Phaneropterine Katydids from Queensland Rainforests (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Phaneropterinae), pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 1964 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1964.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5241847

Diastella hilleri (Fig. 24) 2n=21 (20t +Xt) Specimens examined: R81-25, -26 The karyotype of the species comprises one pair of large, 9 pairs of medium and small telocentrics, and the largest telocentric X (Fig. 24a). There are 10 autosomal bivalents and the sole X at first metaphase (Fig. 24b). The X moves to one pole with autosomal halves (Fig. 23c)., Published as part of Rentz, Dcf, Su, You Ning & Ueshima, Norhiro, 2008, Studies in Australian Tettigoniidae: new Phaneropterine Katydids from Queensland Rainforests (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Phaneropterinae), pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 1964 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1964.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5241847

Protea racemosa (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 187. 1771. ["Habitat in Aethiopia."] Sp. Pl. 1: 91 (1753). RCN: 757. Basionym: Leucadendron racemosum L. (1753). Neotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot., Suppl. 7: 117, pl. 10. 1969): Grubb, Herb. Bergius (SBT). Current name: Spatalla racemosa (L.) Druce (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 772, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea repens (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 189. 1771. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 766. Basionym: Leucadendron repens L. (1753). Lectotype (Rycroft in J. S. African Bot. 27: 191. 1961): [icon] " Lepidocarpodendron; foliis angustis, brevioribus, salignis; calicis squamis elegantissime ex roseo, aureo, albo, atro-rubro variegatis; florum plumis albis " in Boerhaave, Index Alter Pl. Hort. Lugdb.-Bat. 2: 187. 1720. Current name: Protea repens (L.) L. (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 772, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea argentea Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 94. 1753. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 777. Lectotype (Williams in Contr. Bolus Herb. 3: 134. 1972): Herb. Clifford: 29, Protea 1 (BM-000557732). Generitype of Protea Linnaeus (1753), nom. rej. (vide Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 113. 1929). Current name: Leucadendron argenteum (L.) R. Br. (Proteaceae). Note: Protea Linnaeus (1753), nom. rej. in favour of Protea Linnaeus (1771)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 771, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea divaricata (P.J. Bergius) Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 194. 1771. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 779. Basionym: Leucadendron divaricatum P.J. Bergius (1767). Lectotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot. 42: 193. 1976): Grubb, Herb. Bergius (SBT). Current name: Diastella divaricata (P.J. Bergius) Rourke (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 771, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron serraria Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 93. 1753. "Habitat in Aethiopia." RCN: 760. Basionym of: Protea serraria (L.) L. (1771). Type not designated. Original material: [icon] in Burman, Rar. Afric. Pl.: 265, t. 99, f. 2. 1739; [icon] in Seba, Locupl. Rer. Nat. Thes. 2: 64, t. 63, f. 6. 1735; [icon] in Burman, Rar. Afric. Pl.: 264, t. 99, f. 1. 1739; [icon] in Plukenet, Almag. Mant.: 1, t. 329, f. 1. 1700. Current name: Serruria fasciflora Knight (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 622, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea hirta (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 188. 1771. ["Habitat ad Cap. b. spei."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 1: 136 (1762). RCN: 763. Basionym: Leucadendron hirtum L. (1760). Lectotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot. 50: 218. 1984): Herb. Linn. No. 116.36 (LINN). Current name: Mimetes hirta (L.) Knight (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 771, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron lepidocarpodendron Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 91. 1753. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 768. Basionym of: Protea lepidocarpodendron (L.) L. (1771). Type not designated. Original material: [icon] in Boerhaave, Index Alter Pl. Hort. Lugdb.-Bat. 2: 189. 1720; [icon] in Boerhaave, Index Alter Pl. Hort. Lugdb.-Bat. 2: 188. 1720. Generitype of Leucadendron Linnaeus, nom. rej. (vide Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 122. 1929). Current name: Protea lepidocarpodendron (L.) L. (Proteaceae). Note: Leucadendron Linnaeus, nom. rej. in favour of Leucadendron R. Br., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 622, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron acaulon Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 92. 1753. "Habitat ad Caput b. spei." RCN: 783. Type not designated. Original material: [icon] in Boerhaave, Index Alter Pl. Hort. Lugdb.-Bat. 2: 191. 1720. Current name: Protea acaulos (L.) Reichard (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 621, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron speciosum Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 12, 2: 110; Mantissa Plantarum: 36. 1767. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 769. Basionym of: Protea speciosa (L.) L. (1771). Type not designated. Original material: [icon] in Boerhaave, Index Alter Pl. Hort. Lugdb.-Bat. 2: 185. 1720. Current name: Protea speciosa (L.) L. (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 622, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron racemosum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 91. 1753. "Habitat in Aethiopia." RCN: 757. Basionym of: Protea racemosa (L.) L. (1771). Neotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot., Suppl. 7: 117, pl. 10. 1969): Grubb, Herb. Bergius (SBT). Current name: Spatalla racemosa (L.) Druce (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 622, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea strobilina Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 192. 1771. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 733. Lectotype (Williams in Contr. Bolus Herb. 3: 338. 1972): Herb. Linn. No. 116.28 (LINN), see opposite, above left. Current name: Leucadendron strobilinum (L.) Druce (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 772, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron conocarpodendron Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 93. 1753. "Habitat in Aethiopia." RCN: 785. Lectotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot., Suppl. 8: 36. 1972): [icon] " Conocarpodendron; folio crasso, nervoso, lanuginoso, supra crenato, ibique limbo rubro; flore aureo; cono facile deciduo " in Boerhaave, Index Alter Pl. Hort. Lugdb.-Bat. 2: 196. 1720 (see p. 109). Current name: Leucospermum conocarpodendron (L.) H. Buek (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 621, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea purpurea Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 195. 1771, nom. illeg. "Habitat ad Caput b. spei." RCN: 780. Replaced synonym: Leucadendron proteoides L. (1753). Neotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot. 42: 203. 1976): Herb. Linn. No. 116.16 (LINN). Current name: Diastella proteoides (L.) Druce (Proteaceae). Note: An illegitimate replacement name in Protea for Leucadendron proteoides L. (1753)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 772, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron hirtum Linnaeus, Plantae Rariores Africanae: 8. 1760. ["Habitat ad Cap. b. spei."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 1: 136 (1762). RCN: 763. Basionym of: Protea hirta (L.) L. (1771). Lectotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot. 50: 218. 1984): Herb. Linn. No. 116.36 (LINN). Current name: Mimetes hirta (L.) Knight (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 622, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea glomerata Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 187. 1771. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 759. Type not designated. Original material: Herb. Linn. No. 116.8 (LINN); Herb. Linn. No. 116.7 (LINN). Current name: Serruria glomerata (L.) R. Br. (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 771, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron pinifolium Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 12, 2: 110; Mantissa Plantarum: 36. 1767. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei. D. Royen." RCN: 756. Basionym of: Protea pinifolia (L.) L. (1771). Lectotype (Rourke in S. African J. Bot. 53: 479. 1987): [icon] " Pini foliis planta Africana, Cyperi capitulis Herm." in Burman, Rar. Afric. Pl.: 193, t. 70, f. 3. 1739. Current name: Aulax cancellata (L.) Druce (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 622, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron scolymocephalum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 92. 1753. "Habitat ad Caput b. spei, in ericetis mont. Tigridis." RCN: 784. Type not designated. Original material: [icon] in Boerhaave, Index Alter Pl. Hort. Lugdb.-Bat. 2: 192. 1720. Current name: Protea scolymocephala (L.) Reichard (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 622, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea rosacea Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 189. 1771, nom. illeg. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 765. Replaced synonym: Leucadendron nanum P.J. Bergius (1767). Type not designated. Current name: Protea nana (P.J. Bergius) Thunb. (Proteaceae). Note: A superfluous name in Protea for Leucadendron nanum P.J. Bergius (1767)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 772, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron proteoides Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 91. 1753. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 780. Replaced synonym of: Protea purpurea L., nom. illeg. Neotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot. 42: 203. 1976): Herb. Linn. No. 116.16 (LINN). Current name: Diastella proteoides ( L.) Druce (Proteaceae). Note: The collection indicated as the type by Rourke lacks the relevant Species Plantarum number (i.e. “2”) and was a post-1753 addition to the herbarium, and is not original material for the name. However, in the apparent absence of any original material, this choice is accepted as a neotypification (Art. 9.8)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 622, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea pallens Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 193. 1771. "Habitat in Capitis b. spei. arenosis." RCN: 775. Lectotype (Williams in Contr. Bolus Herb. 3: 272. 1972): Tulbagh 28, Herb. Linn. No. 116.23 (LINN). Current name: Leucadendron salignum P.J. Bergius (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 772, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Leucadendron cyanoides Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 93. 1753. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 761. Basionym of: Protea cyanoides (L.) L. (1771). Type not designated. Original material: [icon] in Plukenet, Almag. Mant.: 61, t. 345, f. 6. 1700. Current name: Serruria cyanoides (L.) R. Br. (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 621, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea totta Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 191. 1771. "Habitat in Cap. b. spei. montibus arena nigra." RCN: 770. Lectotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot., Suppl. 8: 71. 1972): Tulbagh 45, Herb. Linn. No. 116.35 (LINN). Current name: Leucospermum tottum (L.) R. Br. (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 772, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea saligna (P.J. Bergius) Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 194. 1771. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 776. Basionym: Leucadendron salignum P.J. Bergius (1767). Lectotype (Williams in Contr. Bolus Herb. 3: 298. 1972): Herb. P.J. Bergius, "Leucadendron salignum mihi" (SBT). Current name: Leucadendron salignum P.J. Bergius (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 772, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Protea hypophyllocarpodendron (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 191. 1771. "Habitat ad Cap. b. spei in campis arenosis." RCN: 771. Basionym: Leucadendron hypophyllocarpodendron L. (1753). Lectotype (Rourke in J. S. African Bot., Suppl. 8: 104. 1972): [icon] " Conocarpodendron; folio rigido, angusto, apice tridentato rubro; flore aureo " in Boerhaave, Index Alter Pl. Hort. Lugdb.-Bat. 2: 198. 1720. Current name: Leucospermum hypophyllocarpodendron (L.) Druce (Proteaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P), pp. 718-782 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 771, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971