1. Maternal, fetal and perinatal alterations associated with obesity, overweight and gestational diabetes: an observational cohort study (PREOBE)
- Author
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Francisco J. Torres-Espínola, Signe Altmäe, Acensión Marcos, Luz García-Valdés, Staffan K Berglund, Cristina Martínez-Zaldívar, Jesús Florido, Maria Teresa Segura, Ahmad Agil, Carmen Padilla, José A. Lorente, Cristina Campoy, M. Carmen López-Sabater, María José Cuesta Aguilar, and Universitat de Barcelona
- Subjects
Male ,Pediatrics ,Folate ,Embaràs ,Physiology ,Type 2 diabetes ,Overweight ,Weight Gain ,Fetal Macrosomia ,Cohort Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Birth Weight ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Maternal overweight ,Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,Fetal nutrition ,Gestational diabetes ,2. Zero hunger ,Glucose metabolism ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Diabetis en l'embaràs ,Pediatrik ,3. Good health ,Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ,Obesitat ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Birth weight ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Offspring ,Maternal obesity ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Fetal macrosomia ,Humans ,Obesity ,Vitamin B12 ,business.industry ,Iron status ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Metabolisme dels glúcids ,Infant ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,medicine.disease ,Diabetes, Gestational ,Spain ,business ,Diabetes in pregnancy ,Weight gain ,Biomarkers ,Early programming - Abstract
Background: Maternal overweight, obesity, and gestational diabetes (GD) have been negatively associated with offspring development. Further knowledge regarding metabolic and nutritional alterations in these mother and their offspring are warranted. Methods: In an observational cohort study we included 331 pregnant women from Granada, Spain. The mothers were categorized into four groups according to BMI and their GD status; overweight (n:56), obese (n:64), GD (n:79), and healthy normal weight controls (n:132). We assessed maternal growth and nutritional biomarkers at 24 weeks (n = 269), 34 weeks (n = 310) and at delivery (n = 310) and the perinatal characteristics including cord blood biomarkers. Results: Obese and GD mothers had significantly lower weight gain during pregnancy and infant birth weight, waist circumference, and placental weight were higher in the obese group, including a significantly increased prevalence of macrosomia. Except for differences in markers of glucose metabolism (glucose, HbA1c, insulin and uric acid) we found at some measures that overweight and/or obese mothers had lower levels of transferrin saturation, hemoglobin, Vitamin B12 and folate and higher levels of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ferritin, and cortisol. GD mothers had similar differences in hemoglobin and C-reactive protein but higher levels of folate. The latter was seen also in cord blood. Conclusions: We identified several metabolic alterations in overweight, obese and GD mothers compared to controls. Together with the observed differences in infant anthropometrics, these may be important biomarkers in future research regarding the programming of health and disease in children., This study was granted by Spanish Ministry of Innovation and Science. Junta de Andalucía: Excellence Projects (P06-CTS-02341); Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BFU2012-40254-C03-01)
- Published
- 2016