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KEY TO THE MATTHIOLA W.T.AITON SPECIES MOSTLY BASED ON GLANDS AND TRICHOMES MORPHOLOGY 1a. Plants annual............................................................................................................................................... 2 — Plants perennial or biennial......................................................................................................................... 3 2a. Trichomes mostly 7-9-rayed, ±thick; glands usually 360 µm long, stipulelike glands absent............................................................................................................................. Matthiola chenopodiifolia Fisch. & C.A.Mey. — Trichomes mostly 5-7-rayed, thin; glands usually 153 µm long, stipulelike glands always present...................................................................................................................................... Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC. 3a. Plants eglandular......................................................................................................................................... 4 — Plants glandular.......................................................................................................................................... 7 4a. 2-4-rayed trichomes absent, petals circinately involute at apex..................................................................... 5 — 2-4-rayed trichomes present, petals revolute at apex.................................................................................... 6 5a. Trichomes sparse, thin, stalk mostly 144 µm long, plants 8-15 cm long, stigma capitate-bilobed.............................................................................................................................................. Matthiola macranica Rech.f. — Trichomes usually dense, thick, stalk mostly ca. 70 µm long, stigma conical-bilobed, plants longer........................................................................................................ Matthiola ghorana Rech.f. / Matthiola revoluta Bunge 6a. Simple trichomes frequent, restricted to petiolar leaf bases on proximal part of stem, trichomes up to 169 µm long, rays parallel to epidermis, basal leaves present, 5-14.5 cm long.................... Matthiola spathulata Conti — Simple trichomes sparse nearly throughout, trichomes up to 766 µm long, rays erect, basal leaves absent or significantly shorter.......................................................................................................... Matthiola dumulosa 7a. Ovary, fruit and stem glabrous, glands exclusively limited to margins of uppermost cauline leaves.................................................................................................................................. Matthiola alyssifolia (DC.) Bornm. — Ovary, fruit, and stem pubescent; glands on both leaf surfaces.................................................................... 8 8a. Glands (300) 600-700 (920) µm long, usually absent on ovaries and fruits, petals margin smooth.............. 9 — Glands (200-) 300-500 µm long, present on ovaries and fruits, petals margin undulated.......................... 10 9a. Leaves and stems always glandular (in both flowering and fruiting periods), glands abundant, (300-) 500-600 (700) µm long, leaves broadly elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate.......................................................................................................................... Matthiola shiraziana Zeraatkar, Khosravi, F.Ghahrem., Al-Shehbaz & Assadi — Leaves and stems eglandular in the time of fruit maturity, glands usually sparse, (300) 600-700 (920) µm long, leaves lanceolate, sometimes sublyrate....................................................................... Matthiola flavida Boiss. 10a. 2-4-rayed trichomes present in intercostal fields of leaves, simple trichomes occasionally present, biennial or sometimes short-lived perennial, petals margin proximally revolute and distally curved backwards.................................................................................................................................................. Matthiola tomentosa Bél. — 2-4-rayed trichomes rare and at leaf apex, simple trichomes absent, perennial, petals margin curved backwards proximally (not revolute)........................................................................................................................... 11 11a. Glands moderate or dense on all organs; long-stalked trichomes present on pedicel and sepal throughout, rays usually curved, petals violet.............................................................................. Matthiola codringtonii Rech.f. — Glands usually sparse or absent at least from some organs; long-stalked trichomes restricted to below receptacle, petiolar leaf base and outer sepal apex, rays usually straight, petals pale brown or sordid yellow................. 12 12a.Trichomes moderate, rays suberect; glands often dense on distal third of plant, especially fruits, flowering pedicels sessile or 0.5-1 (2.5) mm, fruit apex usually the same width as the rest of fruit........................................................................................................................................................ Matthiola afghanica Rech.f. & Köie — Trichomes always dense, rays often parallel to epidermis; glands sparse throughout, flowering pedicels (0.5-1.5-) 0.2-4 (6) mm, fruit apex usually attenuate............................................................... Matthiola farinosa Bunge APPENDIX 1. — Selected of voucher specimens used for gland and trichome studies. The following abbreviations designate the herbaria without index: Yasouj University herbarium (YUH);Agriculture and Natural Resources Researches center of Urmia and Hormozgan herbaria (ANRRU and ANRRH,respectively); Department of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM); Herbarium of Isfahan University of Technology (HIUT). Matthiola afghanica Rech.f. & Köie. Iran. Khorasan: Robat sefid, 1649 m, Zeraatkar 16023 (T); 80 km Mashhad from Sabzevar, 1107 m, Zeraatkar 16020 (T); Robat Sefid, 1694 m, Zeraatkar 16039 (T); S Ataiyeh, 1591 m, Zeraatkar 16019 (T); Taghestan-e Nowzar, 900 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 22870 (FUMH); SW Taybad, Karat Mt., 894 m, Faghihnia 34797 (FUMH); Torbat Heydariyeh, 1050 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 19946 (FUMH); between Saleh Abad & Polkhatoon, 500 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 22705 (FUMH); Akhlamad, 1380 m, Ayatollahi& Rezaie 12726 (FUMH); Tangal-e Bardoo, 1666 m, Johrachi & Zangooei 15407 (FUMH); Mazdavand, 950 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 16737 (FUMH); Tandureh National Park, 1862 m, Vaezi & Tabasi 89232, 89237 (FUM); Torbat Heydariyeh to Khaf, 1319 m, Anonymous s.n. (FUM); Baghcheh-Mashhad highway, 1036 m, Anonymous s.n. (FUM); Mirabad, 1800-2000 m, Assadi & Massoumi 21253 (TARI); 70 km from Neyshabour to Kashmar, 1550-1950 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 35451 (TARI); Torbat-e Jam to Bakhazr, 1770 m, Assadi & Amirabadi 84597 (TARI); N Robat Sefid, 1700-2000 m, Runemark & Sardabi 23515 (TARI); ca. 63 km Neyshabour from Kashmar, 1600 m, Assadi 95831 (TARI); Robat Sefid, 1700- 1900 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 35864 (TARI); ca. 25 Mashhad to Fariman, 990 m, Mozaffarian 67523 (TARI). Afghanistan. Bamian: In jugo Shibar, 2400 m, Neubauer 4692 (KUFS). Herat: 1500 m, Köie 3849 (W); 23 km N Herat and der strasse nach Toraghundi, 1330 m, Podlech & Yarmal 29412 (KUFS); Kuh-e Zayarat, 1200-1400 m, Jarmal & Podlech 29299 (M). Matthiola alyssifolia (DC.) Bornm. Iran. Khorasan: E Quchan, 1650 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 27491 (FUMH); E Birjand, 2400 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 32073 (FUMH); Bojnurd, Qaleh Sheykh to Sorkhzoo, 1300 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 21659 (FUMH); E Birjand, 2300 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 30308 (FUMH); Kalat, 1200 m, Lotfi & Mousavi 2643 (TARI); ca. 50 km Mashhad, 1600 m, Paryab & Shirdel 7291 (TARI); Dargaz, 1300 m, Mousavi et al 7343 (TARI); Tandoureh National Park, 1520 m, Vafaee & Mohammadzadeh 479 (TARI); Akhlamad, 1600-1800 m, Mozaffarian 48779 (TARI); Chalpoo, 1550 m, Amirabadi & Abbasi 4409 (TARI); Gonabad to Ferdos, 2090 m, Amirabadi & Ranjbar 2495 (TARI); Birjand, 1800 m, Shad & Vafaee 931 (TARI). Gorgan: Between Azadshahr & Shahrud, 2000 m, Assadi 85659 (TARI); S Kordkoy, 1700 m, Massoumi 55969 (TARI); Golestan National Park, 1450 m, Wendelbo et al. 11086 (TARI). Hamadan: Yalfan, 1940 m, Termeh & Mousavi 16059 (TARI); Esfahan: Mouteh, 1990 m, Amin & Mousavi 6336 (TARI); Kashan, 1800 m, Iranshahr 16079 (TARI); Tiran, 2200 m, Nowroozi 5240 (TARI); Darband, Iranshahr 15951 (TARI); Golpayegan, 2210 m, Etemadi & Movahedi 3122 (TARI). Yazd: Shirkuh, 2400 m, Mozaffarian 77678 (TARI); S Yazd, Shirkuh, 2800 m, Mousavi & Tehrani 16071 (TARI). Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad: Yasuj, 2030 m, Fasihi 24499 (TARI). Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari: 32 km Shahrkor, 2300 m, Iranshahr 15958 (TARI); Kuh-e Shahidan, 2300- 3000, Mozaffarian 58097 (TARI); Tang-e Sayyad national park, 2400 m, Mozaffarian 62123 (TARI). Fars: Khorambid, near Gooshti village, 2560 m, Khosravi & Farahmand s.n. (SUH). Kerman: 70 km NW Ravar, 2400-3200 m, Assadi & Bazgosha 56159 (TARI); Pabdana, 2275 m, s.n. (SUH); Rafsanjan to Zarand, 1800 m, Saber & Ghonchei 88 (TARI); Kerman, Babankhanloo 24007 (TARI). Semnan: 49 km Azadshahr to Shahrud, 1000 m, Assadi & Wendelbo 29617 (TARI); Mehmandust, 1800-2200 m, Termeh & Zargani 15954 (TARI); 35 km N Damghan, 1950 m, Assadi & Wendelbo 29491 (TARI). Tehran: Karaj, 1700 m, Termeh 15953 (TARI); Karaj, Kalak, 1800 m, Mousavi 16074 (TARI); Kuhdashteh, 2500 m, Parsa 12398 (TARI); Mardabad, 1800 m, Gauba 16076 (TARI); Garmdareh, 2000 m, Assadi 27534 (TARI); Khojir, Hamzeh & Shirvani 95184 (TARI). Arak: Arak to Mahalat, 2500 m, Massoumi & Mozaffarian 47931 (TARI). Afghanistan. Ghorat: Ghorat, 2400 m, Podlech 21839 (M). Matthiola chenopodiifolia Fisch. & C.A.Mey. Iran. Khorasan: Beshruyeh to Ferdows, 800 m, Khosravi s.n. (SUH); Nehbandan to Sefidayeh, 1000 m, Hojjat & Zangooei 24844 (FUMH); SE Tous, 850 m, Rafeie & Zangooei 26199 (FUMH); N Gonabad, 880 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 17226 (FUMH); E Sabzevar, 900 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 11281 (FUMH); Torbat Hedarieyeh to Gonabad, 1087 m, Ayatallahi & Zangooei 13705 (FUMH); Jajarm, 900 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 11348 (FUMH). Esfahan: NE Kashan, 870 m, Babakhanloo & Amin 17808 (TARI); Shahrreza to Abadeh, 1900 m, Nowroozi & Shams 12359 (TARI). Yazd: Nodoushan, 1991 m, Hadi 19253 & 19252 (FAR); Bafq, 1350 m, Assadi & Bazgosha 56019 (TARI); Bahramabad, 1500 m, Rech. & Esf. 15970 (TARI). Hormozgan: Hajiabad to Bandar, 1200 m, Rech. & Esf. 15973 (TARI); between Gahkom & Tarom, 800 m, Mozaffarian 52262 (TARI). Kerman: Ravar to Chatrud, 1500 m, Assadi & Bazgosha 56306 (TARI); near Mahan, 1700 m, Haravi 649 (TARI); Mamanak, 1000 m, Mousavi & Termeh 15976 (TARI). Baluchistan: Zahedan, 1500 m, Sabeti 15969 (TARI); Zabol to Zahedan, 760 m, Massoumi 1038 (TARI); Zahedan to Mirjaveh, 1690 m, Sandughdaran 942 (TARI). Semnan: Mayamey to Damqan, 1339 m, Zeraatkar 16042 (T); Garmsar to Semnan, 1200 m, Iranshahr 15984 (TARI); N Shahrud, 1100 m, Freitag & Mozaffarian 28410 (TARI). Fars: Abadeh to Esfahan, 2098 m, Ghorbani 102 (TMRC); Abadeh, Farrokh s.n. (SUH). Tehran: Saveh to Tehran, 1170 m, Foroughi 4490 (TARI); Siahkuh, 1000 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 16069 (TARI). Pakistan. Baluchistan: 8k to Warechah, Martin L. Grant 15331 (SUH); Makran, Panjgur area, Riedl & Rafiq PG-98-027 (W). Matthiola codringtonii Rech.f. Afghanistan. Bamian: Bande Amir, Band-e Gholaman, 3057 m, Ahmadzai s.n. (SUH); Band-e Amir, 2900 m, Hedge & Wendelbo 4779 (E, photo); Band-e Amir, 1800 m, Rech. f. 18485 (E, photo). APPENDIX 1. — Continuation. Matthiola dumulosa Boiss. & Buhse. Iran. Khorasan: Qayen to Birjand, 1837 m, Zeraatkar 16024 (T); W of Jajarm, Daraq, 900 m, Joharchi 11388 (FUMH); Qayen to Birjand, 1703 m, Basiri 1570, 19991, 19992, 19994 (FUM); Qayen to Birjand, 2 km to Khezri, 1718 m, Basiri 17181 (FUM); ca. 1 km after Darq from Jajarm, 1101 m, Zeraatkar 16043 (T, SUH); ca. 38 km E Torbat-e Jam, 700 m, Assadi & Amirabadi 66788 (TARI). Semnan: Dehmolla & Salehabad to Kavir, 1200 m, Mozaffarian 72671 (TARI); 33 km Shahrud to Sabzevar, 1500 m, Assadi & Abouhamzeh 40074 (TARI). Matthiola farinosa Bunge ex Boiss. Iran. Khorasan: Baba Aman, 1216 m, Zeraatkar 16035 (T). Saluk, 1357 m, Ezazi 5402 (T); Bar, 2046 m, Zeraatkar 16025 (T); Chamanbid, 1608 m, Zeraatkar 16037 (T); Behkadeh, 1608 m, Zeraatkar 16036 (T); SE Bojnurd, 1500 m, Rafeie & Zangooei 31557 (FUMH); S Dargaz, 1800 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 18685 (FUMH); N Faruj, 1400 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 31244 (FUMH). Semnan: Bashm, 2600 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 40337 (TARI); Tang-e Parvar, 2200 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 40750 (TARI); above Touye, 2000 m, Assadi & Wendelbo 29490 (TARI). Gorgan: after Golestan tunnel, 999 m, Zeraatkar 16056 (T); E Maraveh Tappeh, 300 m, Assadi & Massoumi 55478 (TARI); Tilabad, 1000 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 29599 (TARI). Matthiola flavida Boiss. Iran. Fars: near Persepolis, Kuh-e Ayub, 1746 m, Zeraatkar 16014 (T); Kavar, 2175 m, Sohrabie s.n. (SUH); Shiraz, Derak Mt, 1640 m, Khosravi s.n. (SUH); Kharameh, Khaneh Kat Mt., 1620 m, Khosravi & Biglari s.n. (SUH); Dokuhak, 1765 m, Khosravi s.n. (SUH); Jahrom, Kuh-e Sur, 2101 m, Mohammadi s.n. (SUH); N Shiraz, 1600 m, Kamali s.n. (SUH). Kohgiluyeh & Boyer ahmad: Dehdasht, Taghizadeh s.n. (SUH); Sogh, Panahi s.n. (SUH). Kerman: E Kerman, 1842 m, Naderi s.n. (SUH); Shahr-e Babak to Meymand village, 1919 m, Abbasi s.n. (SUH); Rafsanjan, Gurchupan, 2400 m, Emamipur s.n. (SUH); Lalehzar, 2600 m, Foroughi & Assadi 17898 (TARI). Hormozgan: S Genou, 1600 m, Wendelbo & Foroughi 15500 (TARI); Qotbabad, 1200 m, Wendelbo & Foroughi 15775 (TARI); Bokhvan, 1500 m, Mozaffarian 44721 (TARI); SE Jakdan, 1200 m, Mozaffarian et al. 39390 (TARI). Baluchistan: Taftan, 2700-3800 m, Mozaffarian 53077 (TARI); Taftan region, 2200 m, Mozaffarian 52982 (TARI); Khash, 2500 m, Assadi 22840 (TARI). Matthiola ghorana Rech.f. Afghanistan. Ghorat: infra Parjuman, Rech. 19054 (W). Ghazni: In valle fluvii Arghandab prope Sang-i Masha, 2400 m, Rech.17518 (W); Sang-i Masha, in saxosis ad fluv. Arghandab, 2500 m, Rech. 17468 (W). Matthiola incana (L.) W.T.Aiton. Iran. Azerbaijan: Mianeh, 1100 m, Illegible 19273 (T, cult.). Mazandaran: Amol, 95 m, Ebrahimi 7224 (T, cult.). Tehran: Park-e Daneshjoo, 1150 m, Zeraatkar 16021 (T, cult.). Kerman: Bam, 1150 m, Zare s.n. (SUH, cult.). Fars: Mamassani, 1820 m, Akbari s.n. (SUH, cult.). Matthiola spathulata Conti. Iran. Azerbaijan: Asalem to Khalkhal, Assadi 86500 (TARI); 22 km SW Ahar, 1550 m, Illegible 26885 (TARI); ca. 18 km NW Marand, 1500 m, Assadi & Shahsavari 65444 (TARI); W Bazargan, 1500- 1700 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 30200 (TARI); Khoy to Shahpur, 1200 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 19263 (TARI); Tabriz to Marand, 1500 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 29812 (TARI). Qazvin: Abgarm, Kharamaghan, 1735 m, Mozaffarian 87297 (TARI). Zanjan: Hajibacheh, 1900 m, Zeraatkar 16006 (T, SUH); 50 km on the Zanjan-Dandi, 1908 m, Mahmoodi 99568 (T, TARI); between Gowjeh Qaya and Gholtugh, 1902 m, Mahmoodi 100456 (T, TARI); 4 km before Ghezel-Ozan river, 1450 m, Mahmoodi 100458 (T, TARI). Haji-Bache 1908 m, Mahmoodi 100457 (T, TARI). Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC. Iran. Hormozgan: Tashkuye village, 668 m, Zeraatkar 16044 (T); 2169 m, Geno Mt., Zarrin & Ghahremaninejad 322651 (T); 22 km Senderk to Darpahn, 550 m, Mozaffarian, Banihashemi & Shahinzadeh 39258 (TARI). Bushehr: 61 km Kazerun to Dalaki, 250 m, Runemark & Mozaffarian 26837 (TARI); 70 Bushehr to Ameri, 3 m, Runemark & Mozaffarian 27058 (TARI); 2 N Khormuj, 150 m, Runemark & Mozaffarian 27182 (TARI). Khuzestan: Andimeshk to Khoramabad, Pol-e Zal, 350 m, Mozaffarian 53780 (TARI); 10 km Bagh Malek to Haftkel, 500 m, Assadi & Abuhamzeh 38872 (TARI); S Susa, 63 m, Zeraatkar 16041 (T); 55 km Behbahan to Ramhormoz, 240 m, Runemark & Mozaffarian 30921 (TARI); Masjed soleyman, 278 m, Arabi 46391 (T); Bagh Malek, 750 m, Mozaffarian 53595 (TARI); Susangerd, Bostan, Alahoakbar, 60 m, Mozaffarian 62658 (TARI); Behbahan, Khyrudkenar, 470 m, Foroughi 2938 (TARI). Fars: Shiraz, Bamu National Park, 1900 m, Dehbozorgi 32824 (TARI); 22 km from Fahlian to Rashk, 900 m, Mozaffarian 45960 (TARI); Darab, Rostagh neck, 1200 m, Riazi 4599 (TARI). Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad: 5 km Shamsabad to Basht, 700 m, Assadi & Abuhanzeh 38614 (TARI). Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari: Lurdegan, Sarkhun, 1200 m, Mozaffarian 45960 (TARI). Hamedan: Asadabad neck, 2030 m, Riazi 4696 (TARI). Kermanshah: Bisetun to Kermanshah, Rahimabad, 1358 m, Hamzeh & Asri 87772 (TARI). Kordestan: ca. 15 km N Sanandaj, 1700 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 16913 (TARI). Kordestan: Sanandaj, Cheno village, 1250 m, Fatahi & Khaledian 199 (TARI). Tehran: 40 km to Qom, 200 m, Ghafari 120/64 (TARI). Tehran: 55 km N Tafresh, 1300 m, Amin & Bazargan 18797 (TARI). Markazi: Save, 985 m, Nazemi-Karami 58040 (T). Ilam: Mehran, 155m, Jafari 25973 (T). APPENDIX 1. — Continuation. Matthiola tomentosa Bélang. Iran. Mazandaran: Sangdeh, 1315 m, Doumanchick 31295 (TARI). Markazi, Published as part of Zeraatkar, Amin, Ghahremaninejad, Farrokh, Khosravi, Ahmad R. & Assadi, Mostafa, 2022, Diversity and taxonomic implications of glands and trichomes in the genus Matthiola W. T. Aiton (Anchonieae; Brassicaceae) in the Flora Iranica area, pp. 303-320 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (23) on pages 315-320, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a23, http://zenodo.org/record/7198400

Matthiola ghorana Rech. f. Anzeiger der Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschatliche Klasse 101: 422 (Rechinger 1964). — Type: Afghanistan. Ghorat, in faucibus calc. infra Parjuman (Partcheman), c. 33°10’N, 63°52’E, c. 1850 m, K. H. Rechinger 19054 (holo-, W [W19660006885]!; iso-, B [B100241930], E [E00386179], G [G00371813], K [K000693506], LE [LE00013101], W [W19670001971]!,). Matthiola graminea Rech. f., Anzeiger der Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschatliche Klasse 101: 423 (Rechinger 1964), syn. nov. — Type: Afghanistan. Ghazni, in valle fluvii Arghandab prope Sang-i Masha, 33°15’N, 67°10’E, 2400 m, K. H. Rechinger 17518 (holo-, W [W19660006884]!; iso-, E [E00377251], G [G00371811], W [W19690001298]!). DESCRIPTION The above two species were described based on few specimens collected from adjacent localities. A critical examination of all material used in the descriptions of M. ghorana and M. graminea showed that there is a considerable overlap in every morphological character, including petal and pedicel length, leaf shape, and fruit and seed size. The only differences between Matthiola ghorana and M. revoluta are the longer pedicels and linear or narrowly oblong-lanceolate leaves in M. ghorana. However, we observed some specimens of M. revoluta from Iran and Afghanistan that have the same characters. In our opinion, M. ghorana represents only one of numerous ecological variants that occur throughout the range of M. revoluta. However, further collections from their type localities and nearby areas are necessary before their status can be fully assessed., Published as part of Zeraatkar, Amin, Ghahremaninejad, Farrokh, Khosravi, Ahmad R. & Assadi, Mostafa, 2022, Diversity and taxonomic implications of glands and trichomes in the genus Matthiola W. T. Aiton (Anchonieae; Brassicaceae) in the Flora Iranica area, pp. 303-320 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (23) on pages 313-314, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a23, http://zenodo.org/record/7198400, {"references":["RECHINGER K. H. 1964. - Notizen zur Orient-Flora, 63 - 69: Neue Cruciferen aus Afhganistan. Anzeiger der. Osterreich. Akad. Wiss. Math-Natur. Kl. 101: 422 - 427."]}

Matthiola flavida Boiss. EXAMINED SPECIMENS. — Tajikistan. Kohistan, Intarr, N du village de Kanti, 2700 m, 20.VI.1881, G . Capus 92 (P [P05431756]); Seravschan Range, Margusar am Pasrut, 9000 ft, 21.VI.1882, A . Regel s.n. (P [P05431754]). REMARK Five species of Matthiola R.Br. were previously reported from Tajikistan by Yunusov (1978): M. bucharica Czerniak. and M. obovata Bunge (endemic to Middle Asia, with main habitats in the Pamir-Alay mountains), M. integrifolia Kom. in Middle Asian (Pamir-Alay), Afghanistan and West Himalaya, M. chenopodiifolia Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (native range extending by Iran to Middle and South Asia – Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan) and M. czerniakowskae Botsch. & Vved. (endemic to Uzbekistan and Tajikistan) (Sarkisova 1974). Matthiola flavida is a polymorphic and complex species with regards to leaves and hairiness, but fairly constant in its slender habit, siliquae and short pedicels. This widespread species needs critical studies with adequate material from its entire range of distribution (Missouri Botanical Garden, 06.I.2022, http:// www.tropicos.org/name/4104642). At P, we found two specimens of M. flavida, collected by Capus (P05431756) and Regel (P05431754) in Tajikistan., Published as part of Turdiboev, Obidjon A., Rouhan, Germinal, Allamurotov, Akmal L., Madaminov, Farrukhbek M., Akbarov, Feruz I. & Tojibaev, Komiljon Sh., 2022, Contribution of French explorers to the study of Middle Asian flora: the herbarium collections by Guillaume Capus (1857 - 1931), pp. 1857-1931 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (22) on page 236, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a22, http://zenodo.org/record/7094212, {"references":["YUNUSOV S. YU. 1978. - Matthiola R. Br., in OVCZINNIKOV P. N. (ed.), Flora of Tajikistan. Vol. 5. Izdatelstvo Nauka, Leningrad: 143 - 148.","SARKISOVA S. A. 1974. - Matthiola R. Br., in VVEDENSKY A. I. (ed.), Conspectus Florae Asiae Mediae. Vol. 4. Editio Academiae Scientiarum UZSSR, Tashkent: 137 - 141."]}

Matthiola sinuata var. integrifolia Boiss. & Gaill. in Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 6: 10. 1859.  Matthiola crassifolia Boiss. & Gaill. in Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 149. 1867. Type: “Hab. in rupibus calcareis Rarbagrouth propè Sidonem cl. Gaillardot”. Holotypus: LEBANON: “Rochers calcaires de Rarbagrouth”, 4.VIII.1855, Gaillardot 1527 (G-BOIS [G00332030]; iso-: JE [JE00006130, JE00006131], K [K000693479], P [P05445157, P05445159]). Notes. – The holotype is a collection folder of three sheets, of which the barcoded sheet is labeled and the other two are not. All isotypes were collected from the same locality on the same date, and none was examined or annotated by Boissier.

Matthiola ovatifolia var. buhseana Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 150. 1867. Type: “Hab. in lapidosis ad limites deserti salsi prope Rischm in Persiâ orientali (Buhse!)”. Holotypus: IRAN: “Rischm”, IV.1849, Buhse 1213 (G-BOIS [G00332032 excl. dehisced fruit in envelope]; iso-: LE [n.v.]). = Matthiola tomentosa Bélang., Voy. Indes Or. I: [tab. 3]. 1834. Note. – Boissier based the varietal description solely on the unicate in his herbarium., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola W.T. Aiton, Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 4: 119. 1812 [nom. cons.]. Tribe: Anchonieae DC. Notes. – A taxonomically difficult genus of 52 species much in need of thorough systematic and molecular studies throughout its range. Although the study of JAÉN-MOLINA et al. (2009) is a good starting point, substantial more work is needed to resolve many of the taxonomic problems., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["JAEN-MOLINA, R., J. CAUJAPE-CASTELLS, J. A. REYES-BETANCORT, H. AKHANI, O. FERNANDEZ-PALACIOS, J. PEREZ DE PAZ, R. FEBLES-HERNANDEZ & A. MARRERO-RODRIGUEZ (2009). The molecular phylogeny of Matthiola R. Br. (Brassicaceae) inferred from ITS sequences, with special emphasis on the Macaronesian endemics. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 53: 972 - 981."]}

Matthiola oxyceras var. angulosa (Boiss.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 156. 1867.  Matthiola angulosa Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 50. 1842. Type: “[Aucher-Eloy] N. 84, Mossul”. Holotypus: IRAQ: “Mossoul”, s.d., Aucher-Eloy 84 (G-BOIS [G00332039]; iso-: G [G00371843, G00371863, G00371864], K [K000693504], P [P00731142, P00747171, P00747175]). = Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC., Syst. Nat. 2: 174. 1821. Note. – Boissier based the description on the unicate in his herbarium and did not examine any of the duplicates at P or G., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola damascena Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 16. 1849. Type: “Hab. in collibus aridissimis suprà Salehieh propè Damascum ubi legi Maio 1846”. Lectotypus (designated here): SYRIA: “Colles Damasci”, V–VII.1846, Boissier s.n. (G-BOIS [G00332033 flowering plants]; isolecto-: G [G00371810 plant on right]). Syntypi: SYRIA: “Colles Damasci”, V – VII.1846, Boissier s.n. (G [G00371812, G00371810 plant on left], G-BOIS [G00332033 fruiting plants], P [P00731154]); “colles Damasceni”, VI.1846, Boissier s.n. (G [G00371846], K [K000693493], P [P00731153], PH [PH00017091], W [W19660021986]). = Matthiola euboea Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 48. 1842. Notes. – Boissier’s type collection includes material gathered in May (in flower) and June into July (in fruit). However, since the original publication stated that the plant was collected in May, only the flowering material is considered for lectotypification, and the other collections above are recognized here as syntypes., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on pages 19-20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola montana Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 47. 1842. Type: “[Aucher-Eloy] N. 80, Akdag”. Lectotypus (designated here): TURKEY: “Ak-Dag”, s.d., Aucher-Eloy 80 (G-BOIS [G00330531]; isolecto-: BM [BM000522086], G [G00371839], K [K000693500], P [P00747173, P00747174]). Note. – BOISSIER (1842a) based his species description on the sheet in his herbarium and P 00747173 that he annotated. Therefore, lectotypification of the species is justified., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["BOISSIER, E. (1842 a). Plantae Aucherianae orientales enumeratae, cum novarum specierum descriptione. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 45 - 90."]}

Matthiola thessala Boiss. & Orph. in Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 153. 1867. Type: “Hab. in regione inferiori Olympi Thessali ad Hagios Dionysios (Orph. exs. 3695!)”. Holotypus: GREECE: “In regione inferiori monti Olympi Thessalica prope Hajos-Dionysios”, 25.VII–6.VIII.1857, Orphanides 3695 (G-BOIS [G00332035]). = Matthiola fruticulosa subsp. valesiaca (Gay ex Gaudin) P.W. Ball in Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 157. 1962. Notes. – Boissier based the species description solely on the unicate in his herbarium. No duplicates of the type collection were found., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola thessala Boiss. & Orph. in Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 153. 1867. Type: “Hab. in regione inferiori Olympi Thessali ad Hagios Dionysios (Orph. exs. 3695!)”. Holotypus: GREECE: “In regione inferiori monti Olympi Thessalica prope Hajos-Dionysios”, 25.VII–6.VIII.1857, Orphanides 3695 (G-BOIS [G00332035]). = Matthiola fruticulosa subsp. valesiaca (Gay ex Gaudin) P.W. Ball in Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 157. 1962. Notes. – Boissier based the species description solely on the unicate in his herbarium. No duplicates of the type collection were found.

Matthiola flavida Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 9. 1846. Type: “Hab. ad latera orientalia montis Kuh-Ajub prope Persepolin. Kotschy No. 392”. Holotypus: IRAN: “Ad latera in orient. spectantia m. Kuh-Ajub pr. ruinas u. Persepolis”, 19.V.1842, Kotschy 392 (G-BOIS [G00150509]; iso-: B [B100241937], BM [BM000583719, BM000583721], E [E00386177], G [G00096679, G00096680], GOET [GOET002636], K [K 000693495], KFTA [KFTA0000090], KW [KW000127933], LE [LE00013099, LE00013100], P [P00731145, P00731146, P04661038], US [US00100453], W [W 1 9 6 7 0 0 0 2 5 3 3], WAG [WAG 0 0 0 3 9 6 3], WU [WU0101793]). Notes. – The holotype is a collection folder of two sheets of which the barcoded sheet has a handwritten label by Kotschy and the other is unlabeled. Boissier based his species description solely on that material. The isotypes have printed labels., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola crassifolia Boiss. & Gaill. in Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 149. 1867. Note. – This is a renaming of the following entry at the specific rank., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola oxyceras var. lunata Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 156. 1867. Type: “Hab. in Bithyniâ prope Nicomediam (Noë!), Lydiâ ad basin montis Mesogis (Boiss!), Lyciâ ad Elmalu (Bourg!), Isauriâ (Heldr!), Cappadociâ (Bal!)”. Lectotypus (designated here): TURKEY: “Elmalu, in arvis incultis arenosis”, 10.V.1860, Bourgeau s.n. (G-BOIS [G00332037]; isolecto-: G [G00446004], P [P05348419]). Syntypi: TURKEY: “ Environs de Bérékethy (Cappadoce)”, 1300 m, 15. VI.1856, Balansa s.n. (G-BOIS [G00332049]); “Mesogis”, VI.1842, Boissier s.n. (G-BOIS [G00332047]); “Elmalu, in arvis incultis arenosis”, 11. V.1860, Bourgeau s.n. (P [P05445259]); “Nicomalia”, 1844, Noë s.n. (G-BOIS [G00332048]). = Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC., Syst. Nat. 2: 174. 1821. Notes. – Although all syntypes were collected from Turkey, the varietal name was not listed in Flora of Turkey (CULLEN, 1965). Heldreich’s collection from Isauriâ was not located., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["CULLEN, J. (1965). Ricotia, Fibigia, Clypeola, Arabis, Cardamine, Aubrieta, Matthiola, Hesperis, Erysimum. In: DAVIS, P. H. (ed.), Fl. Turkey 1: 353 - 478."]}

Matthiola chorassanica Bunge ex Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 151. 1867. Type: “Hab. in prov. Chorassan Persiae inter Schahrud et Nischapur (Bunge!)”. Holotypus: IRAN: “Chorassan, inter Schahrud et Nischapur”, VI.1858, Bunge s.n. (G-BOIS [G00150508]; iso-: K [K000693499], P [P00731156]). Note. – The isotype at P carries a handwritten label by Bunge giving the species name, locality, and exact collection date “13 Juni. 58”. By contrast, the holotype has the species description in Bunge’s handwriting on a printed label with the date “ Jun. 1858 ”., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola albicaulis Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 46. 1842 [nom. illeg.].  Hesperis alyssifolia DC., Syst. Nat. 2: 447. 1821.  Matthiola alyssifolia (DC.) Bornm. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 39: 80. 1935. Note. – Matthiola albicaulis is illegitimate because BOISSIER (1842a) listed the earlier published Hesperis alyssifolia DC. as a name inappropriately reflecting the species characters., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["BOISSIER, E. (1842 a). Plantae Aucherianae orientales enumeratae, cum novarum specierum descriptione. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 45 - 90."]}

Matthiola revoluta Bunge ex Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 151. 1867. Type: “Hab. inter Ispahan et Teheran (Bunge!)”. Holotypus: IRAN: “Inter Isfahan et Teheran ”, V.1859, Bunge s.n. (G-BOIS [G00330329]; iso-: B [B100241920], GOET [GOET 002638], K [K 000693496], KFTA [KFTA0000091], LE [LE00013109], P [P00731124, P00731125], US [US00344589]). Notes. – Label of the holotype sheet has the original species description in Bunge’s handwriting and was somewhat modified by Boissier. The P 00731124 duplicate carries Bunge’s annotation “ Matthiola revoluta, m.” and measurements of floral parts, as well as an illustration of the stigma. The GOET sheet was collected from Isfahan rather than between Isfahan and Tehran and should perhaps be considered as a syntype instead of a isotype., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola aspera Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 16. 1849. Type: “Hab. in sterilissimis calidis Judaeae inter S. Saba et mare Mortuum, legi [Boissier] Maio 1846”. Holotypus: PALESTINE: “ Palaestina, inter Jerusalem et Jericho”, IV–V.1846, Boissier s.n. (G-BOIS [G00330324]; iso-: G [G00342140, G00342143], KW [KW000127935], P [P00731168, P00731169]). Notes. – The holotype is a collection folder of two sheets, of which the barcoded one has the full label above, and the other has Boissier’s handwriting as “ Palestina propè Jericho.” G00342140, P00731168 and P00731169 duplicates have “ Mayo 1846 ” as date. As shown in other cases below, Boissier’s protologue of a given taxon was sometimes presented in a broader geographic interpretation than found on the specimens in his herbarium or other herbaria. The reverse situation was also observed. In the case of Saint (or S.) Saba, or Mar Saba in Arabic, Wikipedia states that it is a Greek Orthodox monastery overlooking Kidron Valley to the east of Old Jerusalem City. Greuter & Burdet (GREUTER & RAUS, 1983) reduced M. aspera to a subspecies of M. longipetala, but the differences in the indumentum, presence of glands on the sepals, petal color and shape, and seed width justify the recognition of two distinct species, as done by ZOHARY (1966) and GOWLER (1998). Matthiola aspera is endemic to Israel and neighboring Jordan, and its report from Iraq (RECHINGER, 1968: 240) was based on plants of M. longipetala., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["GREUTER, W. & T. RAUS (ed.) (1983). Med-checklist notulae, 7. Willdenowia 13: 79 - 99.","ZOHARY, M. (1966). Flora Palaestina 1. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.","GOWLER, Z. R. (1998). A taxonomic revision of the genus Matthiola R. Br. (Cruciferae) and related genera. PhD Thesis, University of Edinburgh.","RECHINGER, K. H. (ed.) (1968). Lunarieae, Alysseae, Matthioleae, Hesperideae. Fl. Iranica 57: 133 - 308."]}

Matthiola odoratissima var. dentata Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 149. 1867. Type: “Hab. in salsis ad Schabanli districtus Khoi prov. Aderbidjan (Szow!)”. Holotypus: AZERBAIJAN: “In colle salem continente ad pag. Schabanli, Distr. Khoi”, 3.V.1828, Szovits 171 (G-BOIS [G00332031]; iso-: K [K000618623], LE). = Matthiola spathulata Conti in Mém. Herb. Boissier 18: 49. 1900. Notes. – Label of the K sheet states that the locality is “ Armenia ” but has the same collection number 171. However, as in many other cases where Szovits collected in Azerbaijan, which encompassed then both Azerbaijan (the country) and the Iranian province, he used “ Armenia ” in the abbreviated labels of his duplicates. Lectotypification of the above varietal name by Al-Shehbaz (ZERAATKAR & ASSADI, 2018: 141) was not needed because Boissier in Flora Orientalis based the description on the unicate in his herbarium., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["ZERAATKAR, A. & M. ASSADI (2018). Notes on the Matthiola spathulata Conti (Brassicaceae). Phytotaxa 338: 140 - 144."]}

Matthiola oxyceras var. forcipifera (Boiss.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 156. 1867.  Matthiola bicornis var. forcipifera Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 51. 1842. Type: “[Aucher-Eloy] N. 88, Rhodus”. Lectotypus (designated here): SYRIA: “ Alep ”, s.d., AucherEloy 83 (G-BOIS [G00332040]; isolecto-: G [G00446005, G00446006, G00446008], K [K000693502], P [P05348416, P05348420]). = Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC., Syst. Nat. 2: 174. 1821. Notes. – BOISSIER (1842a) based his description on G00446008, the unicate in G-BOIS, and P05348416 that he annotated, and therefore the name needed lectotypification (see BOISSIER, 1841a). The collection number and locality were erroneously given in the original description of the variety as “N. 88, Rhodus”, but these were corrected in Flora Orientalis., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["BOISSIER, E. (1842 a). Plantae Aucherianae orientales enumeratae, cum novarum specierum descriptione. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 45 - 90.","BOISSIER, E. (1841 a). Plantae Aucherianae orientales enumeratae, cum novarum specierum descriptione. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 16: 347 - 377."]}

Matthiola odoratissima var. ovatifolia Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 49. 1842.  Matthiola tomentosa Bélang., Voy. Indes Or. I: [tab. 3]. 1834.  Matthiola ovatifolia (Boiss.) Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 9. 1846 [nom. illeg.]. Type: “[Aucher-Eloy] N. 82, Persia, 4068, A. 4072, Ispahan; 4070, Téhéran; 4073, Asia minor. – Matthiola tomentosa Bélang. Voy. tab.”. Notes. – BOISSIER (1842a) described the variety and listed Matthiola tomentosa as a synyonym. It is then a renaming of M. tomentosa at a varietal level. However, when BOISSIER (1846: 9) raised his variety to a species, M. ovatifolia became illegitimate even though he did not list in that publication the earlier published M. tomentosa in synonymy. The latter is a valid name based on an illustration with analyses. Many earlier works (e.g., RECHINGER, 1968; JAÉN-MOLINA et al., 2009; ZERRATKAR & ASSADI, 2018; BRASSIBASE, 2019) erroneously used Boissier’s illegitimate name instead of taking M. tomentosa., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["BOISSIER, E. (1842 a). Plantae Aucherianae orientales enumeratae, cum novarum specierum descriptione. Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 45 - 90.","BOISSIER, E. (1846). Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum 6. Leipzig.","RECHINGER, K. H. (ed.) (1968). Lunarieae, Alysseae, Matthioleae, Hesperideae. Fl. Iranica 57: 133 - 308.","JAEN-MOLINA, R., J. CAUJAPE-CASTELLS, J. A. REYES-BETANCORT, H. AKHANI, O. FERNANDEZ-PALACIOS, J. PEREZ DE PAZ, R. FEBLES-HERNANDEZ & A. MARRERO-RODRIGUEZ (2009). The molecular phylogeny of Matthiola R. Br. (Brassicaceae) inferred from ITS sequences, with special emphasis on the Macaronesian endemics. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 53: 972 - 981.","BRASSIBASE (2019). Universitat Heidelberg [https: // brassibase. cos. uni-heidelberg. de]."]}

Matthiola euboea Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 48. 1842. Type: “[Aucher-Eloy] N. 89, Eubaea insula”. Holotypus: GREECE: “Euboea”, 1837, Aucher-Eloy 89 (G [G00371848]; iso-: P [P00731152]). Notes. – Boissier based the description of M. euboea solely on the unicate G00371848 and did not annotate the P duplicate. Therefore, the G specimen ought to be the holotype. The name was listed by Boissier in Flora Orientalis in the synonymy of the later-published M. damascena (see previous entry) followed by the note “patriâ schedulae errore falsâ”. The species name is perfectly validly published, and the original mistake made by Aucher-Eloy on the locality (Syria instead of Greece), followed by Boissier in the protologue, do not invalidate M. euboea. Both MOUTERDE (1970) and POST (1896, 1932) recognized M. damascena, though Post placed M. euboea in its synonymy despite recognizing that the latter name predates the former., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["MOUTERDE, P. (1970). Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie 2. Dar el-Machreq Editeurs.","POST, G. E. (1896). Flora of Syria, Palestine, and SinaI. Beirut.","POST, G. E. (1932). Flora of Syria, Palestine and SinaI ed. 2, 1. Beirut."]}

Matthiola sinuata var. integrifolia Boiss. & Gaill. in Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 6: 10. 1859.  Matthiola crassifolia Boiss. & Gaill. in Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 149. 1867. Type: “Hab. in rupibus calcareis Rarbagrouth propè Sidonem cl. Gaillardot”. Holotypus: LEBANON: “Rochers calcaires de Rarbagrouth”, 4.VIII.1855, Gaillardot 1527 (G-BOIS [G00332030]; iso-: JE [JE00006130, JE00006131], K [K000693479], P [P05445157, P05445159]). Notes. – The holotype is a collection folder of three sheets, of which the barcoded sheet is labeled and the other two are not. All isotypes were collected from the same locality on the same date, and none was examined or annotated by Boissier., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola sinuata var. bracteata Boiss. & Heldr. in Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 15. 1849. Type: “Hab. in muris castelli Suda in Cretâ. Heldreich legit Marte florif.”. Holotypus: GREECE: “murs des fortifications de Souda dans le golfe de Souda”, 21.III.1846, Heldreich 1342 (G-BOIS [G00332027]); iso-: G [G00446002, G00446003]). = Matthiola sinuata W.T. Aiton, Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 4: 120. 1812. Notes. – Status of this variety is uncertain, and it is somewhat anomalous because it has bracteate racemes the upper bracts of which are borne on the pedicels. The variety was not listed by LIVANIOU-TINIACOU (2002). It may be a variant of M. sinuata (L.) W.T. Aiton, but field and experimental studies are needed to confirm that., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola humilis var. hirta Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 154. 1867. Type: “Hab. in arenosis ad Aboukir (Kralik!)”. Holotypus: EGYPT: “Sables maritimes, Aboukir (Egypti)”, 28.III.1847, Kralik s.n. (G-BOIS [G00332036]; iso-: G [G00446004], K [K000618626]). = Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC., Syst. Nat. 2: 174. 1821. Note. – The holotype is a collection folder of two sheets, one of which is labeled and barcoded, and Boissier based the varietal description solely on this material., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola arabica Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 49. 1842. Type: “[Aucher-Eloy] N. 132, Sinaï. – M. tritis Decaisn. Florul. Sinaica. – Unio itin, n. 214 – Arabicè Chomchom ”. Lectotypus (first step designated by BOULOS, 1999: 200; second step designated here): EGYPT: “Arabice: Chomchom. Inter lapides ad radices montis Sinai ”, 26.V.1835, Schimper 314 (G-BOIS [G00332639]; isolecto-: BM [BM000614131], E [E00126651, E00126652, E00126653, E00126654], G [G00446296, G00446297], HAL [HAL0120818], HBG [HBG506160, HBG506161], K [K000230668, K000230669], KW [KW000127934], P [P00731164, P00731165, P05445189]). Syntypus: EGYPT: “ Sinaï ”, s.d., Aucher-Eloy 132 (G [G00371816, G00446608], G-BOIS [G00332034], K [K000618624, K000618625], MO [MO5654247], P [P00731161, P00731162, P00731163], US [US00344712]). Notes. – BOULOS (1999) narrowed the selection to one of the two syntypes cited in the original publication and listed Schimper 314 at K as the isolectotype (as isotype). The designation here of the duplicate in G-BOIS as the lectotype completes the process. The collection number was erroneously given in the original description as 214, but this was corrected to 314 in BOISSIER (1867a: 152)., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433, {"references":["BOULOS, L. (1999). Flora of Egypt 1. Al Hadara Publishing.","BOISSIER, E. (1867 a). Cruciferae. Fl. Orient. 1: 139 - 409."]}

Matthiola farinosa Bunge ex Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 150. 1867. Type: “Hab. in jugo Elbrus Persiae bor. inter Asterabad et Schahrud (Bunge!)”. Holotypus: IRAN: “In jugo Elbrusensi; inter Astrabad et Schahrud”, 6000'–7000' [1830–2130 m], 17.V.1858, Bunge s.n. (G-BOIS [G00330322]; iso-: B [B100241934], K [K000693491], LE [LE00013098], P [P00731148, P00731149, P00731150, P00731151]). Notes. – Of the four isotypes at P, only P00731151 carries the exact date and locality in Bunge’s handwriting “ Matthiola farinosa, m. prope Tasch. 17. mai. 1858”. With that sheet are mounted fragmentary duplicates of P00731148 and P00731149. Except for P00731151, all other duplicates, including the holotype, have printed labels. Unfortunately the holotype is rather fragmentary with flow-er and fruit fragments in a packet, though it has the original species description in Bunge’s handwriting and was the only material examined by Boissier., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Matthiola incana var. glabra Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 148. 1867. Type: “Hab. in Graeciâ (ex Juss.) Culta olim in hort. Par.”. = Matthiola incana (L.) W. T. Aiton, Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 4: 120. 1812. Note. – No material of this taxon was located in G or P, including P-JU, and it appears that the variety was described from a plant in cultivation., Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433

Cheiranthus tristis Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 2: 1134. 1759, nom. illeg. ["Habitat in Hispania, Italia, Monspelii."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 925 (1763). RCN: 4821. Replaced synonym: Cheiranthus fruticulosus L. (1753). Lectotype (Meikle, Fl. Cyprus 1: 156. 1977): Löfling 484 , Herb. Linn. No. 839.23 (LINN). Current name: Matthiola fruticulosa (L.) Maire (Brassicaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 409, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Cheiranthus sinuatus Linnaeus, Amoenitates Academicae 4: 487. 1759. ["Habitat in Hispaniae, Monspelii maritimis."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 926 (1763). RCN: 4824. Neotype (Jafri in Ali & Jafri, Fl. Libya 23: 149. 1977): Herb. Linn. No. 839.28 (LINN). Current name: Matthiola sinuata (L.) R. Br. (Brassicaceae). Note: Although cited by some authors as if first published in Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 926 (1763), the name was in fact validated in the Amoen. Acad, reprint of Fl. Monspeliensis published in 1759, as noted by Stearn (in Geck & Pressler, Festschr. Claus Nissen: 637. 1974). The name is therefore validated solely by reference to a pre-Starting Point description from Magnol. As Magnol’s publication does not have an illustration of this plant, the type choice of 839.28 (LINN) as “type” by Jafri is accepted as a neotypification (Art. 9.8)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 409, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Cheiranthus fenestralis Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1198. 1753. "Habitat - - - –” RCN: 4818. Neotype (Gowler in Cafferty & Jarvis in Taxon 51: 532. 2002): France. Schistes argileux du Bord de mer à Toulon (Var), 10 May 1860, Fl. Galliae et Germaniae exsiccata de C. Billot No. 3009. Rec. par A. Huet (BM-000576298). Current name: Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. (Brassicaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 408, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

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