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The aim of this risk assessment study was to estimate the dietary acrylamide (AA) intake of the population in Cyprus, to carry out the necessary risk characterization and to calculate the contribution rate of the major food groups to the AA exposure. Exposure assessment was performed using the EU MENU Food Consumption data and the risk assessment model ImproRisk©. The mean and 95th percentile dietary intake values, based on mean AA concentrations, were 0.66 and 1.84 μg/kg b.w. per day, respectively. The estimated levels of dietary exposure to AA are not of concern with respect to neurotoxicity. However the margins of exposure (MOEs) indicate a concern for carcinogenicity. Fried potatoes (32.9%), rusks and crispbread (18%), potato chips (9.2%) and biscuits (8.8%) contributed the most to overall AA exposure. Finally, the uncertainties affecting the above exposure assessment were identified and assessed., CY; doc; efsafocalpoint@sgl.moh.gov.cy

The aim of this study was to estimate the dietary Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) intake of the adolescent population in Cyprus at EFSA FoodEx1(1) Level 3 and Level 2, to compare these exposure estimates with the BMDL10 intake value of 0.17 μg/kg b.w. per day for carcinogenicity in animals and to calculate the contribution rate of the major food groups to the AFB1 exposure. AFB1 occurrence data in food (n=1231) for 2005-2013 were used. The consumption data were obtained from the Child Health Database for adolescents 11-15 years of age, which was created in 2003 in Cyprus. The ImproRisk model has been upgraded for refinement purposes: ImproRisk version 1.4 BETA calculates the exposure using occurrence data at FoodEx Level 2. The upgraded v. 1.4.1 BETA estimates the intake at Level 3. This study presents the refined estimation of the exposure of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) , at FoodEx Level 3. The mean and 95th percentile dietary intake values, based on mean AFB1 concentrations, were 0.001 & 0.002 μg/kg b.w. per day for FoodEx Level 2, and 0.0007 & 0.0013 μg/kg b.w. per day for FoodEx Level 3, respectively. These values are much lower than the BMDL10 value. At the same time, the MOE values are much less than 10000, even if we take into account the BMDL10 of 0.87 μg/kg b.w per day for carcinogenicity in humans, so the current levels of exposure are of public health concern. Nevertheless, MOE is just an indicative measure of risk and it does not substitute the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle. The exposure at FoodEx Level 3 resulted in a more accurate picture in relation to the contribution of food groups to the total AFB1 intake. Specifically, the highest exposure was estimated for grains and grain-based products (50%), especially rice, followed by spices (chilli, pepper, etc.) (40%)., CY; en; efsafocalpoint@sgl.moh.gov.cy

The aim of this risk assessment study was to estimate the dietary acrylamide (AA) intake of the adolescent population in Cyprus, to carry out the necessary risk assessment and to calculate the contribution rate of the major food groups to the AA exposure. AA is considered to be neurotoxic in humans and is classified as a probable human carcinogen. Exposure assessment was performed using ImproRisk©. The mean and 95th percentile dietary intake values, based on mean AA concentrations, were 0.8 and 1.8 μg/kg b.w. per day, respectively. The estimated levels of dietary exposure to AA are not of concern with respect to neurotoxicity. However the margins of exposure (MOEs) indicate a concern for carcinogenicity. Potato fried products (45%), fine bakery ware (biscuits, rusks, crackers, pastries and cakes) (21%) and potato chips (14%) contributed the most to overall AA exposure. Finally, the uncertainties affecting the above exposure assessment were identified and assessed., CY; en; efsafocalpoint@sgl.moh.gov.cy

The aim was to estimate the dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) intake of the adolescent population in Cyprus, to compare this exposure estimate with the BMDL10 intake value of 0.17 μg/kg b.w. per day for carcinogenicity in animals and to calculate the contribution rate of the major food groups to the AFB1 exposure. AFB1 occurrence data in food (n=1231) for 2005-2013 were used. The mean and 95th percentile dietary intake values, based on mean AFB1 concentrations, were 0.001 and 0.002 μg/kg b.w. per day, respectively. These values are much lower than the BMDL10 value. At the same time, the MOE values are much less than 10000, even if we take into account the BMDL10 of 0.87 μg/kg b.w per day for carcinogenicity in humans, so the current levels of exposure are of public health concern. Nevertheless, MOE is just an indicative measure of risk and it does not substitute the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle. The food group “Legumes bean dried”, which includes peanuts, contributed 33.8% to overall AFB1 exposure, followed by grain products (28.6%) and spices (26.1%)., CY; el; efsafocalpoint@sgl.moh.gov.cy