Search

Introduction: Kartagener syndrome is a very rare, congenital, cilia-related disease comprising a triad of bronchiectasis, sinusitis and situs inversus. It is diagnosed in about 50% patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD)., Case Report: The authors report a case of a 72-year old female patient with a history of chronic cough and expectoration of muco-purulent secretion. An X-Ray examination in Posterior-Anterior projection revealed an abnormal configuration of chest's organs. Diagnosis was complemented with Computed Tomography (CT) of chest and paranasal sinuses and laboratory tests as well. Compilation of clinical symptoms and test results led to the diagnosis of Kartagener syndrome., Conclusion: This case report shows the usefulness of diagnostic imaging in the diagnostic process of Kartagener syndrome, as well as during subsequent monitoring of the disease.

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is defined as an impedance in the normal flow of urine from the renal pelvis into the proximal ureter. This leads to an increase urine pressure in the pelvicalyceal system and as a consequence cause hydronephrosis and damage of renal parenchyma. Presence of anomalous vessels crossing the ureter (crossing vessels) is one of the many reasons of UPJ obstruction. We report a case of 32-year-old female patient with chronic abdominal pain and recurrent episodes of pyelonephritis in the past. Contrast enhanced URO-CT was performed in order to determine the cause of complaints. This examination revealed right pelvicalyceal system dilatation and ipsilateral UPJ obstruction. After urological consultation patient was qualified for surgery, which aimed to decompress right pelvicalyceal system by changing anatomical conditions between the ureter and presumably crossing vessels. We demonstrate in the described case the value of contrast enhanced computed tomography URO-CT) in the diagnostic process of UPJ pathology. A multitude of information that we obtain from URO-CT examination allows the surgeon to reveal the cause of abnormal urine flow and choose the optimal operating method to minimize the risk of adverse events (such as intraoperative bleeding from mutilated crossing vessels).

Carotid body (lat. glomus caroticum) is a small structure of the size of maximally 7 mm of height and 4 mm of diameter and 2 mm of thickness located bilaterally and posteriorly to bifurcation of the carotid artery into internal and external carotid artery. It is a cluster of chemoreceptors detecting changes in the composition of arterial blood flowing through it. Recent research studies show that significance of its function may be greater than it has been previously established in the aspect of cardiology and oncology. Currently, in cardiology journals the high concern is devoted to the influence of chronically increased activity of carotid bodies on the progression of heart failure. In oncology it has been found that carotid body paraganglioma originating from carotid body known also as chemodectoma is the most common paraganglioma in the region of head and neck. In the authors' opinion it seems reasonable to gather the novel data on carotid bodies and to conduct research studies in order to make methods of determination of their morphology and function more perfect. In the present study a summary of the up-to-date knowledge on carotid bodies as well as on their pathophysiology and physiology has been made.

We present a case of 32-year-old woman, who was admitted to the Department of Neurology in the emergency mode, due to: instantaneous pupillary dilation (mydriasis), ptosis of the left eyeball and double vision. We performed plain CT, panarteriography of cerebral vessels, CT angiography with RT3D (volume-rendered three-dimensional) reconstruction images. On the base of imaging studies the diagnosis of giant saccular aneurysm of the left posterior communicating artery was established. The patient was operated on and the giant aneurysm of left posterior communicating artery was clipped, confirming radiological diagnosis. During operation and postoperative period no complications were noted.

The case of a patient with posttraumatic aortic arch aneurysm is presented. Dilatation of the aorta is called aneurysm. The most frequent cause of aortic aneurysm is atherosclerosis (about 80%), trauma (can be subdivided into true (morphologically are aneurysms classifield as fusiform or saccular), false aneurysm (pseudoaneurysm), and aortic dissection. Posttraumatic aneurysms are often false aneurysms, grow very slowly, remain clinically undetectable. Clinical manifestations are caused by pression of aneurysm on adjacent structures. Aneurysm can be diagnosed by using chest X-rays, USG, spiral CT with use of angio option, MRI, MR angiography, aortography. The most important complication of aortic aneurysm is rupture.

We reported two cases of the anterior cranial fossa meningiomas: cerebral falx meningioma and recurrence of olfactory groove meningioma. Since the tumors grow very slowly, they remain clinically undetectable during the early stages and can reach a very large size. Clinical manifestations are caused by pression of meningiomas on adjacent structures. The authors present possibilities of radiological examinations of intracranial tumors and treatment management. In the described cases meningiomas were diagnosed in CT examination with the use of angio option and reconstruction RT3D and MPR.

We reported the case of para-cerebral abscess in the left temporal region, being a complication of exacerbation of chronic middle ear inflammation with cholesteatoma. Computed tomography was performed, which helped in the diagnosis. The patient was treated conservatively by aimed antibiotic therapy. We performed surgery of the middle ear, with abscess removal through trepan apertura attaining good results. We have presented principles of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures which help in prevention of intracranial complications in ear diseases.

We report a case of a 44 year old man, who was admitted to our hospital because of right eyeball and right eye-socket due to a piece of diamond circular saw. Right eyeball was sutured. CT--examination showed a metallic foreign body in the right frontal lobe of brain. Metallic foreign body, which damaged the right eyeball, caused upper restriction of right eye-socket ceiling and stuck in a frontal lobe of the brain was removed.

The authors describe a patient with an extensive inflammation of the neck soft tissues as a complication of the peritonsillar abscess. Follow-up computed tomography revealed gasi-form follicles in the inflammed neck soft tissues, suggesting gas gangrene. We report disseminate ways of the inflammation process on the financial tonsil, reasons of the gangrene also the infections of soft tissues caused by anaerobic bacteries--Clostridium. CT--examination in inflammatory tumors of the neck is valuable, permits to exclude expansion process, but it cannot give unequivocal answer to differentiate gas gangrene and phlegmon.

A rare case of dissecting aneurysm of the aortic arch with left haemothorax was presented. The authors describe modern methods of visualising diagnostics used in case of suspected dissecting aortic aneurysm.