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Fruit of Lonicera caerulea L. is a rich source of phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids as well as anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins and other flavonoids, which display potential health-promoting effects. However, its genetics and genomic information is limited. Transcriptome and digital gene expression (DGE) profiles of fruit at four different development stages were compared. Related genes with anthocyanin biosynthesis were compared using real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). RNA-Seq generated 6.26-Gb clean reads, which was then de novo assembled into 45,656 UniGenes with a mean length 837 bp. A total of 7 928 unigenes were annotated into 32 known metabolic or signaling pathways in which a few primary, intermediate, and secondary metabolic pathways are directly related to fruit quality. The result of DGE and qRT-PCR indicates that UFGT (comp20132_c0) may play a key role in honeysuckle coloration. This provides a reference for the study of complicated metabolism in non-model perennial species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identification of kiwifruit germplasm materials is the basis of protecting and utilizing these resources. However, identifying Actinidia arguta varieties based on morphology is difficult, especially for non-specialists. In this study, we collected 180 specimens comprising 60 varieties of three species (A. arguta, A. kolomikta, and A. polygama) from the Northeast of China. The emphasis of our study was on the feasibility of identifying A. arguta varieties. Here, we used common analysis methods (genetic distance, phylogenetic analysis and the DNA barcoding gap) and SNPs analysis to evaluate the discriminatory power of different DNA barcoding markers. The results revealed that common methods were insufficient to identify A. arguta varieties but SNPs analysis based on DNA barcoden was the potential method for identifying A. arguta varieties. Besides, Our study agree that DNA barcoding could be used to analysis the evaluation genetic relationship of the Actinidia plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the culture conditions for hairy roots of Aconitum coreanum (Levl.) Raipaies and optimize the amplification culture conditions in bioreactors, thus providing basis for large-scale production of A. coreanum hairy roots. [Method] The effects of different pH, culture modes and culture vessels on the growth of hairy roots were compared to obtain the optimal culture conditions for A. coreanum hairy roots. Moreover, the effects of medium volume and inoculation mode on bioreactor culture of A. coreanum hairy roots were investigated to analyze the feasibility of amplification culture of hairy roots in bioreactor. [Result] After autoclaving, medium pH was reduced slightly and the clarity of medium varied. To be specific, A. coreanum hairy roots cultured in medium at pH 5. 80 exhibited the best growth. A. coreanum hairy roots cultured in liquid medium displayed more rapid growth than hairy roots cultured in solid medium. Medium pH and electrical connuctivity (EC) varied with the extension of culture time. The yield and propagation coefficient of A. coreanum hairy roots were positively correlated with the size of culture vessels. The growth of hairy roots cultured in bioreactors were influenced by medium volumes and inoculation modes. [Conclusion] The growth of A. coreanum hairy roots were significantly influenced by medium pH, culture modes and culture vessels. A. coreanum hairy roots cultured in bioreactor exhibited high yield and large propagation coefficient. According to the results, the relationship between ventilation volume and hairy root density is crucial to the amplification culture of A. coreanum hairy roots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]