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This study delves into the exploration of hybrid nanofluids within the context of a stretching cylinder, a domain that has captivated numerous researchers owing to its pivotal applications in industrial manufacturing processes, particularly in metal forming and stretch dies. The authors, recognizing the significance of these applications, have introduced a novel heat transfer fluid termed hybrid nanofluid, comprising molybdenum disulfide and carbon nanotubes suspended in the base liquid, water. The investigation focuses on the flow of the hybrid nanofluid within a stretching cylinder, considering various influential factors such as Joule heating, thermal radiation, porous medium, and magnetic field effects. To model this complex problem, we employed modified Navier–Stokes equations. Employing similarity transformations, assumptions, and non-dimensional parameters, the problem was effectively simplified. The MATLAB bvp4c technique, a well-established numerical approach, was then employed to solve the resulting mathematical formulation. Graphical representations are presented to illustrate various aspects of the flow, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the system. Comparisons are drawn among the flow characteristics of mono nanofluid, and the developed hybrid nanofluid. It is noted from the current analysis that the temperature strength increases with higher values of the magnetic field parameter, curvature parameter, radiation parameter, and Eckert number in both fluid cases. The Nusselt number increases with higher values of Prandtl number and thermal relaxation parameter. The identified patterns in velocity distribution, temperature strength, and fluid behavior provide a valuable foundation for optimizing thermal efficiency in diverse industrial applications. By leveraging the insights gained from this research, manufacturers can make informed decisions to enhance heat transfer processes, particularly in areas such as metal forming and stretch dies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effects of suction and buoyancy are used to analyze the Ternary hybrid nanofluid flow on a stretching sheet through a porous media. Ternary hybrid nanofluid is (Carbon nanotubes) CNT + Graphene + Al 2 O 3 with base fluid as Water. Case-1 Buoyancy Assisting flow and Case-2 Buoyancy Opposing flow. Hybrid nanofluids have been used to speed up the heat transfer process. Nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) have been converted to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using Lie group transformations. The ODE45, an algorithmic approach, has been using the aid of this built-in solver, and the resulting Ordinary differential equations were resolved. The general relationship between temperature, velocity, heat transfer rate, and shear stress on a stretchy surface is shown for a range of values of the significant factors. The temperature profiles have been rising with the impact of Da , f w . Using streamlines to examine the flow pattern of a fluid and a method of machine learning, in terms of modern language, an artificial neural network (ANN) made up of artificial neurons or nodes is known as a neural network. A neural network is a network or circuit of genetic neurons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat transfer and entropy generation are crucial considerations in the nuclear industry, where the safe and efficient transfer of heat is essential for the operation of nuclear reactors and other nuclear systems. Casson fluid is a useful tool in the nuclear industry for simulating the flow behavior of nuclear fuels and coolants, and for optimizing the design and operation of nuclear reactors. In view of this, the current investigation deals with the heat and fluid flow of unsteady Casson fluid in a circular pipe under the influence of magnetic field, internal heat generation, entropy generation and porous media. The governing equations have been simplified under suitable assumptions and nondimensional quantities. The simplified dimensionless governing equations have been solved using the method of separation of variables along with Bessel functions. It is concluded from the investigation that the temperature increases with time. The Casson fluid parameter raises the temperature and entropy generation. The temperature, entropy generation and Bejan number are the decreasing functions of the Prandtl number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the film lifting and draining of fluid on a vertical belt with surface tension is crucial for improving predictive models in coating and lubrication processes. This paper presents a theoretical study on the film lifting and drainage of a third-grade fluid with surface tension. The driving mechanisms on a vertical belt are the belt’s upward movement, the gradient of surface tension, and gravity. The formulated nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) is solved for a series-form solution using the Adomian decomposition method. Numerical computations are used to determine the stationary point placements and the thickness of the uniform film. The study elucidated that lift velocity shows a decreasing trend, while drainage velocity exhibits an increasing trend with increasing values of inverse capillary number C and Stokes number St. The lift velocity shows an increase, whereas the drainage velocity demonstrates a decrease with an increase in the Deborah number De. With increasing values of St and C, the stationary points shift away from the fluid–air interface, while an increase in De causes them to move towards the interface. Surface tension plays a role in supporting drainage and leads to a shift in the stationary points towards the belt. Newtonian and third-grade fluids are also compared in terms of velocity, stationary points, uniform film, and surface tension, providing insight into their behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]