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Upconversion Nanocrystals for Sustainable Technology focuses on the current research directions in upconverting nanocrystals and their role in the development of sustainable technology. The book focuses on the development of low-cost, nontoxic, and energy-efficient upconverting nanocrystals for a wide range of applications. In particular, it reviews size control synthesis techniques of nanostructured materials in different dimensions, size-dependent properties, and the relationship between material properties and performance, The book discusses the use of upconversion materials for lasers, display, lighting, energy, and biomedical applications—with a focus on the use of these materials to develop more sustainable technologies. Upconversion Nanocrystals for Sustainable Technology is suitable for new entrants in academia and R&D with a scientific background in materials science and engineering, chemistry, and chemical engineering. - Introduces upconverting nanocrystals and their preparation and characterization strategies, properties, and applications - Reviews methods to develop low-cost and energy-efficient technologies based on upconverting nanocrystals - Discusses essential parameters including properties, materials performance, and their scope in the development of sustainable technology

Quantum dots: Emerging materials for versatile applications is an introduction to the fundamentals and important advances of research of this important category of semiconductor nanostructured materials. After a brief review of relevant nanotechnology concepts and the unique properties of nanomaterials, the book describes the fundamentals of quantum dots with definitions of the primary classifications of quantum dots. There is an emphasis on practical considerations of the commercial translation of quantum dots such as their toxicity, stability, and disposal. Moreover, the book focuses on a review of the advances in research in emerging quantum dot materials along with the latest innovations in materials design and fabrication methods. Quantum Dots is suitable for materials scientists and engineers in academia or industry R&D who are looking for an introduction to this research topic or a key reference on the latest advances and applications. - Introduces the primary classifications, properties, synthesis, characterization and fabrication strategies of quantum dots - Reviews the latest applications of quantum dots for LEDs, displays, energy storage devices, photovoltaic cells, medicine, and more - Discusses the practical barriers to commercial translation of quantum dots, including toxicity, stability, and their safe disposal

Lanthanide Doped Aluminate Phosphors: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications overviews advances in research on aluminate-based long persistent phosphors and their applications in lighting, display, radiation dosimetry and imaging. The book reviews the most important categories of rare earth aluminate-based phosphors, including aluminosilicates and aluminoborates. This category of material is attractive for a wide range of applications because of their high quantum efficiency, long afterglow life, chemical stability and optical properties, which is discussed throughout. Optical properties, in particular, are emphasized in the book along with the relationship of the chemical composition and doping of these materials and their optical performance. This book is suitable for researchers and practitioners working in academia and research and development in industry in the disciplines of materials science and engineering, chemistry and physics. - Introduces rare-earth doped aluminates synthesis and characterization strategies, properties and applications - Focuses on different types of aluminates, such as monoaluminates, binary aluminates and hexaaluminates, aluminoborates and aluminosilicate systems - Discusses optical properties of phosphors, including photoluminescent long persistence and thermo luminescence

Phosphor Handbook: Process, Properties and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in research on the synthesis, characterization and applications of organic and inorganic phosphors. There is detailed information presented on the characterization of the relevant phosphor groups, such as up-conversion and down-conversion phosphors, inorganic LED phosphors, organic LED phosphors and thermoluminescence and dosimetric phosphors using various physical and chemical advances. Finally, the advances in phosphor technologies are discussed, including current barriers to their use in commercial applications and emerging opportunities. This book is suitable for researchers and practitioners in academia and those working in R&D in industry in the disciplines of materials science and engineering, materials chemistry, materials physics, photonics science and technology, nanotechnology and physical chemistry. - Introduces fundamentals of phosphor materials, including their mechanisms, properties and technologies - Reviews the most important categories of phosphor materials (inorganic and organic) for use in light-emitting diodes and dosimetry - Discusses advances in physical and chemical methods to synthesize and characterize phosphor materials

Radiation Dosimetry Phosphors provides an overview of the synthesis, properties and applications of materials used for radiation dosimetry and reviews the most appropriate phosphor materials for each radiation dosimetry technique. The book describes the available phosphors used commercially for their applications in the medical field for dose measurements. Although radiation dosimetry phosphors are commercially available, continuous efforts have been made by the worldwide research community to develop new materials or improve already existing materials used in different areas with low or high levels of radiation. Moreover, researchers are still working on developing dosimetric phosphors for OSL, ML, LL and RPL dosimetry. This book provides an overall view of the phosphors available, low cost synthesis methods, mechanisms involved, emerging trends and new challenges for the development of emerging materials for radiation dosimetry. It is suitable for those working in academia and R&D laboratories in the discipline of materials science and engineering, along with practitioners working in radiation and dosimetry. - Provides the fundamental concepts, historical context and review of current phosphors available for radiation dosimetry - Reviews low-cost material methods to synthesize and characterize rare earth doped inorganic phosphors for different kinds of radiation dosimetry techniques - Discusses key barriers and potential solutions for enabling commercial realization phosphors for radiation dosimetry applications

Nanoscale Compound Semiconductors and their Optoelectronics Applications provides the basic and fundamental properties of nanoscale compound semiconductors and their role in modern technological products. The book discusses all important properties of this important category of materials such as their optical properties, size-dependent properties, and tunable properties. Key methods are reviewed, including synthesis techniques and characterization strategies. The role of compound semiconductors in the advancement of energy efficient optoelectronics and solar cell devices is also discussed. The book also touches on the photocatalytic property of the materials by doping with graphene oxides--an emerging and new pathway. - Covers all relevant types of nanoscale compound semiconductors for optoelectronics, including their synthesis, properties and applications - Provides historical context and review of emerging trends in semiconductor technology, particularly emphasizing advances in non-toxic semiconductor materials for green technologies - Reviews emerging applications of nanoscale compound semiconductor-based devices in optoelectronics, energy and environmental sustainability

Functional Materials from Carbon, Inorganic and Organic Sources: Methods and Advances describes the basic principles, mechanisms and theoretical background of functional materials. Sections cover Carbon-based functional materials, Inorganic functional materials for renewable and sustainable energy applications, and Organic and biological based functional materials. Applications such as energy storage and conversion, electronic and photonics devices, and in medicine are also explored. Sections dive into photovoltaic devices, light emitting devices, energy storage materials and quantum dot devices, solar cell fundamentals and devices, perovskite materials and ceramic thin films. Final sections emphasize green approaches to synthesis in semiconductor nanoparticles, quinolone complexes, biomaterials and biopolymers. - Introduces the reader to a wide range of the most relevant functional materials, including carbon-based materials, inorganic materials for energy applications, and organic and biological based materials - Reviews the synthesis and characterization methods used to create, optimize and analyze functional materials properties - Discusses the use of functional materials to enable emerging technologies, along with remaining barriers to commercial adoption and opportunities

An in-depth look at the luminescence of phosphor materials for applications in optical devices, sensors, and medical technologies. Optical Properties of Phosphate and Pyrophosphate Compounds gives a broad introduction to pyrophosphates and phosphate-based phosphors, including their fundamental properties, material composition, synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and applications in optical devices and technologies. The text describes the development of the materials'shape and size, as well as crucial characterization techniques for key applications. Additionally, it includes essential information about recently used single and mixed cations pyrophosphate and phosphate compounds. This book is suitable for researchers working in materials science, engineering, materials chemistry, and physics. It may also be helpful to engineers and chemists working in R&D for solid state lighting. - Includes comprehensive review of materials synthesis and characterization techniques for pyrophosphate and phosphate-based phosphor materials for key applications - Discusses the fundamentals of luminescence and the optical properties of pyrophosphate and phosphate-based phosphor material - Addresses key applications in optical devices, sensors, and medical technologies

Spectroscopy of Lanthanide Doped Oxide Materials provides a comprehensive overview on the most essential characterization techniques of these materials, along with their key applications. The book describes the application of optical spectroscopy of lanthanides doped inorganic phosphor hosts and gives information about their structure and morphology, binding energies, energy of transition and band gap. Also discussed are the properties and applications of rare earth doped inorganic materials and the barriers and potential solutions to enable the commercial realization of phosphors in important applications. The book reviews key information for those entering the field of phosphor research, along with the fundamental knowledge of the properties of transition series elements under UV/Visible/NIR light exposer. Low-cost materials methods to synthesize the materials and spectroscopic characterization methods are also detailed. - Reviews the barriers and potential solutions to enable commercial realization of inorganic phosphors - Discusses low-cost material methods to synthesize and characterize lanthanide doped oxide materials - Provides readers with a comprehensive overview on key properties for the most relevant applications, such as lighting and display, energy conversion and solar cell devices

The Fundamentals and Applications of Light-Emitting Diodes: The Revolution in the Lighting Industry examines the evolution of LEDs, including a review of the luminescence process and background on solid state lighting. The book emphasizes phosphor-converted LEDs that are based on inorganic phosphors but explores different types of LEDs based on inorganic, organic, quantum dots, perovskite-structured materials, and biomaterials. A detailed description is included about the diverse applications of LEDs in fields such as lighting, displays, horticulture, biomedicine, and digital communication, as well as challenges that must be solved before using LEDs in commercial applications. Traditional light sources are fast being replaced by light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The fourth generation of lighting is completely dominated by LED luminaires. Apart from lighting, LEDs have extended their hold on other fields, such as digital communications, horticulture, medicine, space research, art and culture, display devices, and entertainment. The technological promises offered by LEDs have elevated them as front-runners in the lighting industry. - Presents a concise overview of different types of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on inorganic phosphors, organic materials, quantum dots, perovskite-structured materials, and biomaterials - Includes a discussion of current and emerging applications in lighting, communications, horticulture, and medical fields - Addresses fundamentals, luminescence mechanisms, and key optical materials, including synthesis methods

Principles and Applications of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)explores the ways in which the development of organic semiconductor materials is opening up new applications in electronic and optoelectronic luminescent devices. The book begins by covering the principles of luminescence and the luminescent properties of organic semiconductors. It then covers the development of luminescent materials for OLEDs, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of organic versus inorganic luminescent materials. The fabrication and characterization of OLEDs is also covered in detail, including information on, and comparisons of, vacuum deposition and solution techniques. Finally, applications of OLEDs are explored, including OLEDs in solid-state lighting, colored lighting, displays and potential future applications, such as ultra-thin and flexible technologies. This book is an excellent resource both for experts and newcomers to the field of organic optoelectronics and OLEDs. It is ideal for scientists working on optical devices, lighting, display and imaging technologies, and for all those engaged in research in photonics, luminescence and optical materials. - Provides a one-stop guide to OLED technology for the benefit of newcomers to the field of organic optoelectronics - Comprehensively covers the luminescent properties of organic semiconductors and their development into OLED materials - Offers practical information on OLED fabrication and their applications in solid-state lighting and displays, making this essential reading for optoelectronics engineers and materials scientists