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Purpose: To study the safety and efficacy of pre-operative suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide (SCTA) for achieving reduction/resolution of serous choroidal detachment (CD) associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).Methods: This was a prospective, noncomparative, interventional pilot study. All consecutive patients presenting with RD and coexisting CD underwent transconjunctival injection of SCTA before proceeding with vitrectomy/scleral buckle surgery. Sequential ultrasound B scans were performed for assessing the change in height of the CD.Results: The mean age of the cohort was 53.8 ± 10.8 years (range: 39-72 years). The CD was present in a median of 3 quadrants; the cumulative mean CD height was 5.59 mm (range: 2.02-9.42 mm). Following SCTA, a successful response (>50% reduction) was seen in five eyes by day 3 and in two eyes by day 5. Three eyes failed to respond to SCTA and required surgical drainage before proceeding with vitrectomy. No intraprocedural injection-related complications were noted. A transient rise in the intraocular pressure (30 mmHg) was seen in one eye following vitrectomy and was managed successfully with topical antiglaucoma medications.Conclusion: Suprachoroidal administration of triamcinolone appears to be a safe and effective technique to achieve CD resolution in eyes with RRD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To report the outcomes of pars-plana approach for the management of brunescent cataract in eyes with severe microcornea and associated chorio-retinal coloboma.Methods: This was a retrospective, single center, interventional case series performed in a tertiary eyecare center in central Medical records of consecutive cases of microcornea with coloboma who underwent pars-plana vitrectomy with phacofragmentation (PF) between January 2015 and December 2017 were reviewed.Results: The study group comprised of 30 eyes of 30 patients, of which 18 (60%) were males and 12 (40%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 41.9 years (range of 17-70 years). The mean corneal diameter was 6.7 mm with a range of 4-8 mm and all the eyes had dense cataract with nuclear sclerosis of grade 4 or more. The mean preoperative visual acuity was 1.97 (+/-0.067) Log MAR and the mean postoperative vision at 1 month was 1.6 (+/-0.39) Log MAR. Postoperatively, 21 patients (70%) gained ambulatory vision. The visual gain in all the patients was maintained over a mean follow-up period of 15.5 months.Conclusion: Pars-plana vitrectomy with PF can be considered in eyes with severe microcornea and brunescent cataracts, where cataract surgery through the limbal (anterior) approach is not only difficult but at times impossible due to anatomical restraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To identify the reasons for delayed presentation among patients with sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) and to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) patterns in context to diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: Single-center, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based KAP survey. All consecutive cases of STDR who presented to our tertiary eye care facility from June 2020 to November 2020 were recruited. The KAP scoring survey tool was incorporated into the questionnaire to help evaluate and represent the patient's disease. Results: 170 patients with STDR were enrolled in the study. The mean age of patients was 54 ± 9.34 years (Range: 21-70 years); 110 patients (64.7%) were between 41 and 60 years; 131 patients (76%) had DM for more than 5 years. The STDR changes were more prevalent in patients with an educational qualification of high school or less (n = 142; 83.5%). Fifty-two patients (30.6%) had been informed regarding the detrimental effect of diabetes on the eyes and were recommended to consult an ophthalmologist by the treating physician. Of these, 24 (46.15%) patients were educated about retinal changes due to diabetes. Eighty-five (50%) patients in our study had good knowledge about DM; 13 (7.6%) patients had good knowledge about DR. For patients not compliant for follow-ups with the treating physician, the use of "home glucometers for self-monitoring (n = 60, 35.3%) was the most prevalent reason. The main reason for poor compliance for undergoing a dilated fundus examination by the ophthalmologist was "Had good vision, so didn't feel the need" in 143 (90.5%) patients. Conclusion: The absence of visual complaints, lack of knowledge, and failure to undergo a dilated fundus examination in the past were the prevalent risk factors in patients presenting with STDR. Knowledge/practice about DR was poor among the patients with STDR. The treating physicians and ophthalmologists were the most common sources for patient education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Out of the 83 eyes qualifying our inclusion criteria, ILM peeling was performed in 41 eyes (group A), while 42 eyes did not undergo ILM peeling (group B). Dear Editor, Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling is often considered essential while managing eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) to reduce the risk of postoperative epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation and recurrent RRD.[[1]],[[2]],[[3]],[[4]] However, it is important to know whether ILM peeling reduces the formation of symptomatic ERM's and helps to improve visual outcomes across the spectrum of RRD's with and without significant proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). [Extracted from the article]

We report a case of ocular tuberculosis (TB) which initially presented with disc edema and was mistaken for optic neuritis. With no definite pathology being identified, the patient was treated on the lines of optic neuritis with intravenous (IV) steroid with beneficial effect. Ocular TB was suspected when he presented later with a subretinal abscess. Based on positive Mantoux, QuantiFERON TB gold results and radiographic findings, a diagnosis of subretinal abscess of presumed tubercular etiology was made. The patient was successfully treated with anti-tubercular therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of ocular TB presenting as disc edema followed by subretinal abscess. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cutaneous warts caused by human papillomavirus are the most common dermatological diseases being contagious, recurrent, and recalcitrant. Most routinely used treatment modalities are destructive and can cause scarring. Immunotherapy is emerging as new modality of treatment, which enhances cell-mediated immunity against human papillomavirus for clearance of both treated and distant warts. Aims: The aim of this study was to compare efficacy between intralesional Vitamin D3, measles rubella (MR) vaccine, and purified protein derivative (PPD) injection in cutaneous warts. Settings and Design: This was a hospital-based interventional study. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients diagnosed with cutaneous warts were selected and divided into three groups with 15 patients in each. Treated with Vitamin D3 2 units of 6,00,000IU (15 mg/mL), 0.5 mL/dose 2 units of MR vaccine, and 10 TU of tuberculin PPD (0.1 mL) with 2 units of injections, respectively, with minimum three injections at 2-week intervals given. Follow-up of patients were done for 4 months. Statistical Analysis Used: A total of 45 patients were enrolled in the study and divided into three groups containing 15 patients each with the help of computer-generated random numbers. Results: Patients treated with Vitamin D3 showed complete clearance (12/15) with 3–4 sessions; side effect was pain at the site of injection. Injection with PPD was effective with complete clearance (10/15) but the number of session was higher. MR vaccine needs 6–8 sessions for complete clearance (3/15). Palmoplantar warts were more responding to treatment. Conclusion: Intralesional Vitamin D3, MR vaccine, and PPD are equally efficient in treating verrucae, although Vitamin D3 can be considered safe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]