Search

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the mean findings and the repeatability of the minus lens (ML) amplitude of accommodation (AA) at 33 cm and 40 cm.Materials and Methods: AA was measured from the dominant eye of 120 fully corrected subjects using the ML procedure when viewing the target at both 33 and 40 cm. Each measurement was repeated between 24 and 48 hours after the first trial.Results: Mean AA when tested at 33 cm and 40 cm was 10.20 diopter (D) (standard deviation [SD] =1.24) and 8.85 D (SD = 1.23), respectively (P < 0.001). The limits of agreement of the measured amplitude calculated with taking into account of the replicates at 33 and 40 cm were - 0.19 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.34 to -0.04) and 2.53 (95% CI: 2.38 to 2.68), respectively. The repeatability of testing at the two distances 33 and 40 cm was ± 1.24 and ± 0.99, respectively. In addition, the retest reliability of measured amplitude using the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.789-0.920) at 33 cm and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.872-0.945) at 40 cm.Conclusion: There is no agreement in the obtained amplitude at the two measurement distances. Testing the ML AA at 40 cm may be superior given that a lower repeatability coefficient was observed. However, it is unclear whether the larger amplitude measured at 33 cm reflects a larger increase in accommodation (greater proximity effect) or a decrease in the ability to perceive the first slight sustained blur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose To evaluate the normative values of anterior chamber parameters measured by Pentacam and corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) measured by Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) and their relationship. Methods In an observational cross-sectional study, patients aged 18–35 years were included. Exclusion criteria were history of any intraocular or corneal disease, anomaly or surgery; hyperopic spherical refraction more than +3, and myopic spherical refraction less than −5.00 diopters (D) or cylindrical refraction more than 2.00 D. ORA was used to measure CH and CRF. Corneal volume (CV), anterior and posterior Q value (QA and QP), anterior and posterior elevation (AE and PE), central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal thinnest thickness (CTT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and anterior chamber angle (ACA) were measured with Pentacam. Results This study evaluated 506 eyes of 253 cases (182 females) with a mean age of 28.43 ± 6.36 years. The average CH and CRF were 10.07 ± 1.61 and 10.33 ± 1.68 mmHg. CH and CRF were not correlated with PQ, AQ, AE and PE. CH and CRF were significantly correlated with CCT ( r = 0.499, p < 0.0001 and r = 0.591, p < 0.0001 respectively), CTT ( r = 0.469, p < 0.0001 and r = 0.593, p < 0.0001 respectively) and CV ( r = 0.443, p < 0.0001 and r = 0.526, p < 0.0001 respectively). Conclusion A significant positive correlation was found between CH and CRF, and CCT, CTT and CV. This study also provided data about wide range normative values of corneal parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

# BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between corneal hysteresis (CH) and the corneal resistance factor (CRF), which are both novel methods of analyzing ocular rigidity/elasticity, and various corneal characteristics, mainly corneal volume in normal subjects. # METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 500 normal eyes of volunteers. An ocular response analyzer was used to measure CH and CRF. Patient age and the Pentacam-measured corneal volume (CV), posterior elevation, anterior elevation, corneal curvature, central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal thickness of apex (CTA), and corneal thinnest thickness (CTT) were compared with CH and CRF. Statistical significance was defined at p < 0.05. # RESULTS: The mean hysteresis and CRF for all eyes were 9.9 ± 1.4 mmHg and 10.1 ± 1.6 mmHg, respectively. The mean CVs of the 3, 5, 7, and 10 mm zones for all eyes were 3.8 ± 0.2 mm3, 11.2 ± 0.6 mm3, 24.3 ± 1.4 mm3, and 60.1 ± 3.5 mm3, respectively. The correlations between CV and the hysteresis or CRF were significant in all zones. The CV of the 7-mm zone had the strongest correlation with CH (r = 0.438) and the CV of the 5-mm zone had the strongest correlation with CRF (r = 0.574). # CONCLUSIONS: CH and CRF correlate with CV. Moreover, the correlation between CV and CRF is stronger than that between CV and CH. The CV may be valuable for determining patient's qualification for and predicting the outcome of refractive surgery. It would also be helpful in other cases in which corneal biomechanics are important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The clinical features of interface Candida keratitis after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), may imitate rejection or crystalline keratopathy. We report here an 18-year-old woman presented with red eye, 4 months after undergoing DALK. Slit lamp examination revealed keratic precipitates (KPs) and cojunctival injection. She was prescribed corticosteroid treatment for endothelial rejection by another ophthalmologist because of misdiagnosis, but suffered a recurrence of symptoms after reduction of the corticosteroid treatment. At that time, she was referred to our office. The recurrence persisted despite antibiotic and antifungal therapies. Ten days after treatment with interface irrigation with amphotericin, the infiltration and hypopyon were resolved. Topical steroid was added after 3 months of antifungal monotherapy. Irrigant cultures confirmed the presence of Candida albicans. The corneal graft appeared semi-clear with no signs of infection at 17-month follow-up. We recommend a close followup and a timely intervention to prevent the need for more invasive treatment such as penetrating keratoplasty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The clinical features of interface Candida keratitis after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), may imitate rejection or crystalline keratopathy. We report here an 18-year-old woman presented with red eye, 4 months after undergoing DALK. Slit lamp examination revealed keratic precipitates (KPs) and conjunctival injection. She was prescribed corticosteroid treatment for endothelial rejection by another ophthalmologist because of misdiagnosis, but suffered a recurrence of symptoms after reduction of the corticosteroid treatment. At that time, she was referred to our office. The recurrence persisted despite antibiotic and antifungal therapies. Ten days after treatment with interface irrigation with amphotericin, the infiltration and hypopyon were resolved. Topical steroid was added after 3 months of antifungal monotherapy. Irrigant cultures confirmed the presence of Candida albicans. The corneal graft appeared semi-clear with no signs of infection at 17-month follow-up. We recommend a close follow-up and a timely intervention to prevent the need for more invasive treatment such as penetrating keratoplasty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]