Search

Background: Evidence suggests that dietary pattern is related to incidence and grades of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between major dietary patterns and hepatic histologic features of newly diagnosed patients with NAFLD. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 260 newly diagnosed NAFLD patients. Hepatic fibrosis and steatosis were diagnosed using Fibroscan. Dietary information was obtained using a validated 168-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary patterns and odds ratio of the grade of fibrosis and steatosis was examined by multinomial logistic regression. Results: The mean ± SD age participant was 46.53 ± 11.71 years. Fifty-seven percent of the participants were women. Two major dietary patterns were recognized: "Western dietary pattern" and "Mediterranean dietary pattern." After adjustment for various confounders, adherence to the two extracted dietary patterns was not associated with odds of fibrosis and steatosis (P > 0.05). However, P was not significant. Patients in the second quartile of the Mediterranean dietary pattern had a higher risk for being in the F1 grade compared to those in the reference group in the crude and adjusted model. Conclusions: The major dietary patterns of NAFLD patients living in Gilan were not related to the severity of their disease. More precise study design such as cohort or interventional studies is suggested to reveal the strength of this study findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of the present study was assessing the changes in Iranian household food basket. The Households Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) data of 717,432 of Iranian households from 1991 to 2017 were used in this repeated cross-sectional study. Methods: A cross-classified random-effects modeling (CCREM) specifications of hierarchical age-period-cohort (HAPC) in two models, one without controlling for the effects of key individual characteristics, namely socioeconomic status; household size; place; and household head sex, and another one with controlling for the effect of mentioned variables, was used in the present study. Results: The present study showed that the equivalent to an adult male daily consumption of "total calorie" (P value = 0.0001) and "fats, oils, sugars, and sweets" (P value = 0.0002) had an increasing trend from 1991 to 2004 and a decreasing trend from 2005 to 2017 among Iranian households. The daily consumption of "bread, cereal, rice, and pasta" (P value = 0.0001) had a decreasing and "fruits" (P value = 0.0002) had a rising trend during periods. After an increasing trend for the "meat, poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, and nuts" (P value = 0.0002) and "vegetable" (P value=<0.0001) by 2004, there was a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2017, but the share of them in the total calorie consumption increased. The "dairy" (P value = 0.0002) consumption had a decreasing trend in recent years. Conclusions: Iranian household food basket, during these years, had significant changes that some of them (increase in the share of the vegetables and fruits in the total calorie intake) are positive and some of them are negative (decrease in the consumption of dairy). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented which discusses a 21-year old woman patient diagnosed with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) with complete oculomotor palsy.