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The performance of zinc-air battery is constrained by the sluggish rate of oxygen electrode reaction, particularly under high current discharge conditions where the kinetic process of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) decelerates significantly. To address this challenge, we present a novel phase transition strategy that facilitates the creation of a heteroatom-doped heterointerface (CoN/CoS 2 ). The meticulously engineered CoN/CoS 2 /NC electrocatalyst displays a superior ORR half-wave potential of 0.87 V and an OER overpotential of 320 mV at 10 mA cm -2 . Experimental and computational analysis confirm that the CoN/CoS 2 heterostructure optimizes local charge distribution, accelerates electron transfer, and tunes active sites for enhanced catalysis. Notably, this heterojunction improves stability by resisting corrosion and degradation under harsh alkaline conditions, thus demonstrating superior performance and longevity in a custom-made liquid zinc-air battery. This research provides valuable practical and theoretical foundations for designing efficient heterointerfaces in electrocatalysis applications., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Limited immune infiltration within the tumor microenvironment (TME) hampers the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. To enhance immune infiltration, mild photothermal therapy (PTT) is often combined with immunotherapy. However, the impact of mild PTT on the TME remains unclear. The bioinformatics analyses reveal that mild PTT amplifies immune cell infiltration and stimulates T-cell activity. Notably, it accelerates the release of tumor cell-derived exosomes (T EX ) and upregulates PD-L1 expression on both tumor cells and T EX . Consequently, it is proposed that locally inhibiting T EX release is crucial for overcoming the adverse effects of mild PTT, thereby enhancing ICB therapy. Thus, a multi-stage drug delivery system is designed that concurrently delivers photosensitizers (reduced graphene oxide nanosheets, NRGO), anti-PD-L1 antibodies, and exosome inhibitors (sulfisoxazole). The system employs a temperature-sensitive lipid gel as the primary carrier, with NRGO serving as a secondary carrier that supports photothermal conversion and incorporation of sulfisoxazole. Importantly, controlled drug release is achieved using near-infrared radiation. The findings indicate that this local combination therapy remodels the immunosuppressive TME through exosome inhibition and enhanced immune cell infiltration, while also boosting T-cell activity to trigger systemic antitumor immunity, showcasing the remarkable efficacy of this combination strategy in eradicating cold tumors., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are widely employed in Fenton-like catalysis, yet guidelines for their high-performance design remain elusive. The Sabatier principle provides guidance for the ideal catalyst with the highest activity. Herein, the study meticulously engineered a series of SACs featuring a broad distribution of d-band center through single-atom coordination engineering, facilitating a comprehensive exploration of the Sabatier relationship in Fenton-like catalysis. A volcanic correlation between d-band centers and catalytic activity is identified. Theoretical and experimental results show that moderate d-band center and peroxymonosulfate adsorption energy can lead to the lowest reaction barriers in the rate-determining step for generating singlet oxygen, thus enhancing catalytic efficiency toward the Sabatier optimum. As proof of concept, the Fe-N 2 O 2 /C catalyst demonstrates a degradation rate constant of 1.89 min -1 , surpassing Fe-N 4 /C by 3.2 times and Fe-O 4 /C by 272 times. Moreover, Fe-N 2 O 2 /C shows exceptional tolerance to various environmental challenges, providing opportunities for achieving nearly eco-friendly pollutant degradation. The findings reveal how to use the Sabatier principle to guide the design of advanced SACs for efficient pollutant removal., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

MOFs-modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes have been gained a lot of attention due to their favorable permeability and ion selectivity. Nevertheless, the prevailing preparation techniques are afflicted by the incompatibility of MOFs with polymers and the facile loss of MOFs. In this work, polyethyleneimine (PEI) -templated ZIF-8 (PEI-ZIF-8) was synthesized and incorporated into the PEI aqueous solution, then interfacial polymerized with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) to obtain the PEI-ZIF-8 modified polyamide NF membrane. This PEI modified strategy could endow the ZIF-8 nanoparticles with positively charged properties to avoid the aggregation and increase the interfacial compatibility with the polyamide. Meanwhile, the appropriate pore size of ZIF-8 (3.4 Å), which is between the hydration sheath surrounding of Li+ (2 Å) and Mg2+ (4.2 Å) impart the membrane with precise Mg2+/Li+ separation ability. The optimal PEI-ZIF-8-TMC membrane exhibits a permeance of 9 L/h m2bar and a Mg2+/Li+ selectivity of 19, both of which surpass the performance of the pure PEI-TMC membrane, which has a permeance of 4 L/h m2bar and a Mg2+/Li+ selectivity of 11. Meanwhile, the membrane exhibited excellent long-term stability of 85h. This novel approach to preparing MOFs-modified NF membrane represents a promising avenue for the separation of lithium and magnesium., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Non-invasive biosensors have attracted attention for their potential to obtain continuous, real-time physiological information through measurements of biochemical markers, such as one of the most important-glucose, in biological fluids. Although some optical sensing materials are used in non-invasive devices for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), surface or localized plasmon sensing material are seldom applied in CGM owing to modest sensitivity and bulk sensing apparatus. Herein, a metasurface (MGMSPR) biosensor based on the metasurface plasmon resonance chip modified with heterostructured Ti 3 C 2 MXene-Graphene oxide (MG) is reported, which potentially enables ultra-sensitive glucose detection. The sensor consists of a dual-channel microfluidic device integrated with silver mirror enhanced MGMSPR chips. Not only does it promote the entry of glucose oxidase (GOD) into the internal pores and enhance the stable fixation of GOD in the membrane, but also the integration of MG material provides a high specific surface area and unique electronic properties, thereby significantly enhancing the sensitivity of the MGMSPR sensor. The detection limit of MGMSPR biosensor is 106.8 µM. This pioneering approach opens new avenues for monitoring physiological parameters and process analytical technology on an optical platform, providing continuous health monitoring and production process control through optical sensors., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Iodine cathode in aqueous battery has drawn great attention due to its high energy density and high safety. However, iodine has extremely low conductivity of 1×10-7 S cm-1, which usually results in low specific capacity. In this work, a PVA-hydrogel layer was designed to enhance the areal capacity of zinc-iodine cell. The areal capacity of PVA-hydrogel layer modified CNT cathode showed twice as higher capacity than that of pure CNT film in a dual-plating cell, The significant enhancement of the capacity was attributed to the fast iodine transport in the PVA-hydrogel layer. Besides, the strong interaction between PVA chain and polyiodide anions prevented the shuttle effect. The PVA modified CNT cathode could stably operate for over 3000 hours with remarkably higher capacity and cycle life. We analyzed the uniquely fast transport behavior of polyiodides in PVA hydrogel by in-situ Raman spectroscopy, in-situ optical micrography, as well as DFT calculations. It was found that the strong binding force together with lower dissociation energy of iodine on PVA chain is the dominate reason for reduced shuttle effect and fast polyiodide transport. As a result, the assembled PVA-I2 pouch cells showed excellent performance in both dual-plating cells and conventional-type cells., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Unstable interphase formed in conventional carbonate-based electrolytes significantly hinders the widespread application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with high-capacity nickel-rich layered oxides (e.g., LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , NCM811) over a wide temperature range. To balance ion transport kinetics and interfacial stability over wide temperature range, herein a bifunctional electrolyte (EAFP) tailoring the electrode/electrolyte interphase with 1,3-propanesultone as an additive was developed. The resulting cathode-electrolyte interphase with an inorganic inner layer and an organic outer layer possesses high mechanical stability and flexibility, alleviating stress accumulation and maintaining the structural integrity of the NCM811 cathode. Meanwhile, the inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interphase inhibits electrolyte side reactions and facilitates fast Li + transport. As a result, the Li||Li cells exhibit stable performance in extensive temperatures with low overpotentials, especially achieving a long lifespan of 1000 h at 30 °C. Furthermore, the optimized EAFP is also suitable for LiFePO 4 and LiCO 2 cathodes (1000 cycles, retention: 67 %). The Li||NCM811 and graphite||NCM811 pouch cells with lean electrolyte (g/Ah grade) operate stably, verifying the broad electrode compatibility of EAFP. Notably, the Li||NCM811 cells can operate in wide climate range from -40 °C to 60 °C. This work establishes new guidelines for the regulation of interphase by electrolytes in all-weather LMBs., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) consisting of polymers and fast ionic conductors are considered a promising strategy for realizing safe rechargeable batteries with high energy density. However, randomly distributed fast ionic conductor fillers in the polymer matrix result in tortuous and discontinuous ion channels, which severely constrains the ion transport capacity and restricts its practical application. Here, CSEs with highly loaded vertical ion transport channels are fabricated by magnetically manipulating the alignment of Li 0.35 La 0.55 TiO 3 nanowires. The construction of densely packed, vertically aligned ion transport channels can effectively enhance the ion transport capacity of the electrolyte, thereby significantly increasing ionic conductivity. At room temperature (RT), the presented CSE exhibits a remarkable ionic conductivity of up to 2.5 × 10 -4 S cm -1 . The assembled LiFePO 4 /Li cell delivers high capacities of 118 mAh g -1 at 5 C at 60 °C and a RT capacity of 115 mAh g -1 can be achieved at a charging rate of 0.5 C. This work paves an encouraging avenue for further development of advanced CSEs that favor lithium metal batteries with high energy density and electrochemical performance., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Non-natural building blocks (BBs) present a vast reservoir of chemical diversity for molecular recognition and drug discovery. However, leveraging evolutionary principles to efficiently generate bioactive molecules with a larger number of diverse BBs poses challenges within current laboratory evolution systems. Here, we introduce programmable chemical evolution (PCEvo) by integrating chemoinformatic classification and high-throughput array synthesis/screening. PCEvo initiates evolution by constructing a diversely combinatorial library to create ancestral molecules, streamlines the molecular evolution process and identifies high-affinity binders within 2-4 cycles. By employing PCEvo with 108 BBs and exploring >10 17 chemical space, we identify bicyclic peptidomimetic binders against targets SAR-CoV-2 RBD and Claudin18.2, achieving nanomolar affinity. Remarkably, Claudin18.2 binders selectively stain gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines and patient samples. PCEvo achieves expedited evolution in a few rounds, marking a significant advance in utilizing non-natural building blocks for rapid chemical evolution applicable to targets with or without prior structural information and ligand preference., (© 2024 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Activating the lattice oxygen can significantly improve the kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER), however, it often results in reduced stability due to the bulk structure degradation. Here, we develop a spinel Fe 0.3 Co 0.9 Cr 1.8 O 4 with active lattice oxygen by high-throughput methods, achieving high OER activity and stability, superior to the benchmark IrO 2 . The oxide exhibits an ultralow overpotential (190 mV at 10 mA cm -2 ) with outstanding stability for over 170 h at 100 mA cm -2 . Soft X-ray absorption- and Raman-spectroscopies, combined with 18 O isotope-labelling experiments, reveal that lattice oxygen activation is driven by Cr oxidation, which induces a cation migration from CrO 6 octahedrons to CrO 4 tetrahedrons. The geometry conversion creates accessible non-bonding oxygen states, crucial for lattice oxygen oxidation. Upon oxidation, peroxo O-O bond is formed and further stabilized by Cr 6+ (CrO 4 tetrahedra) via dimerization. This work establishes a new approach for designing efficient catalysts that feature active and stable lattice oxygen without compromising structural integrity., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are emerging as multifunctional materials with exceptional biocompatibility, abundant active sites, and tunable porosity, which are highly beneficial for advanced wound care. However, a significant challenge involves transforming pristine HOFs powders into lightweight, ultrathin, freestanding membranes compatible with soft biological systems. Herein, the study successfully develops shape-adaptive HOF-based matrix membranes (HMMs) using a polymer-assisted liquid-air interface technique. The HMMs conform seamlessly to tissues of different sizes and shapes, effectively stopping bleeding, and provide high water-vapor permeability. Notably, both in vitro and in vivo studies with mice wound models demonstrated that these tissue-conformable HMMs significantly accelerate wound healing by modulating the inflammatory environment of the injured tissue and promoting rapid re-epithelialization. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis and mechanistic studies revealed that HMMs effectively reduce inflammation and facilitate the tissue transition from the proliferative stage to the remodeling stage of skin development. This work not only opens up new avenues for advanced wound care materials but also establishes a foundation for hybridizing HOFs with polymers for a wide range of potential applications., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Metal-halide perovskites have become attractive nanomaterials for advanced biosensors, yet the structural design remains challenging due to the trade-off between environmental stability and sensing sensitivity. Herein, a trinity strategy is proposed to address this issue by integrating Mn (II) substitution with CsPb 2 Cl 5 inert shell and NH 2 -PEG-COOH coating for designing Mn 2+ -doped CsPbCl 3 /CsPb 2 Cl 5 core/shell hetero perovskite nanocrystals (PMCP PNCs). The trinity strategy isolates the emissive Mn 2+ -doped CsPbCl 3 core from water and the Mn 2+ d-d transition generates photoluminescence with a long lifetime, endowing the NH 2 -PEG-COOH capped Mn 2+ -doped CsPbCl 3 /CsPb 2 Cl 5 PNCs with robust water stability and oxygen-sensitive property. Given the structural integration, photoluminescent hydrogel biosensors are designed by embedding the PMCP PNCs into the hydrogel system to deliver on-site pesticide information on food products. Impressively, benefiting from the dual enzyme triggered-responsive property of PMCP PNCs, the hydrogel biosensor is endowed with ultra-high sensitivity toward chlorpyrifos pesticide at the nanogram per milliliter level. Such a robust PMCP PNCs-based hydrogel sensor can provide accurate pesticide information while guiding the construction of photoluminescent biosensors for upcoming on-site applications., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

As the preferred anode material for sodium-ion batteries, hard carbon (HC) confronts significant obstacles in providing a long and dominant low-voltage plateau to boost the output energy density of full batteries. The critical challenge lies in precisely enhancing the local graphitization degree to minimize Na + ad-/chemisorption, while effectively controlling the growth of internal closed nanopores to maximize Na + filling. Unfortunately, traditional high-temperature preparation methods struggle to achieve both objectives simultaneously. Herein, a transient sintering-involved kinetically-controlled synthesis strategy is proposed that enables the creation of metastable HCs with precisely tunable carbon phases and low discharge/charge voltage plateaus. By optimizing the temperature and width of thermal pulses, the high-throughput screened HCs are characterized by short-range ordered graphitic micro-domains that possess accurate crystallite width and height, as well as appropriately-sized closed nanopores. This advancement realizes HC anodes with significantly prolonged low-voltage plateaus below 0.1 V, with the best sample exhibiting a high plateau capacity of up to 325 mAh g -1 . The energy density of the HC||Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 full battery can therefore be increased by 20.7%. Machine learning study explicitly unveils the "carbon phase evolution-electrochemistry" relationship. This work promises disruptive changes to the synthesis, optimization, and commercialization of HC anodes for high-energy-density sodium-ion batteries., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as metabolic byproducts, play pivotal role in physiological and pathological processes. Recently, studies on the regulation of ROS levels for disease treatments have attracted extensive attention, mainly involving the ROS-induced toxicity therapy mediated by ROS producers and antioxidant therapy by ROS scavengers. Nanotechnology advancements have led to the development of numerous nanomaterials with ROS-modulating capabilities, among which carbon dots (CDs) standing out as noteworthy ROS-modulating nanomedicines own their distinctive physicochemical properties, high stability, and excellent biocompatibility. Despite progress in treating ROS-related diseases based on CDs, critical issues such as rational design principles for their regulation remain underexplored. The primary cause of these issues may stem from the intricate amalgamation of core structure, defects, and surface states, inherent to CDs, which poses challenges in establishing a consistent generalization. This review succinctly summarizes the recently progress of ROS-modulated approaches using CDs in disease treatment. Specifically, it investigates established therapeutic strategies based on CDs-regulated ROS, emphasizing the interplay between intrinsic structure and ROS generation or scavenging ability. The conclusion raises several unresolved key scientific issues and prominent technological bottlenecks, and explores future perspectives for the comprehensive development of CDs-based ROS-modulating therapy., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Cell encapsulation technology, crucial for advanced biomedical applications, faces challenges in existing microfluidic and electrospray methods. Microfluidic techniques, while precise, can damage vulnerable cells, and conventional electrospray methods often encounter instability and capsule breakage during high-throughput encapsulation. Inspired by the transformation of the working state from unstable dripping to stable jetting triggered by local electric potential, this study introduces a superimposed electric field (SEF)-enhanced electrospray method for cell encapsulation, with improved stability and biocompatibility. Utilizing stiffness theory, the stability of the electrospray, whose stiffness is five times stronger under conical confinement, is quantitatively analyzed. The SEF technique enables rapid, continuous production of ≈300 core-shell capsules per second in an aqueous environment, significantly improving cell encapsulation efficiency. This method demonstrates remarkable potential as exemplified in two key applications: (1) a 92-fold increase in human-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) expansion over 10 d, outperforming traditional 2D cultures in both growth rate and pluripotency maintenance, and (2) the development of liver capsules for steatosis modeling, exhibiting normal function and biomimetic lipid accumulation. The SEF-enhanced electrospray method presents a significant advancement in cell encapsulation technology. It offers a more efficient, stable, and biocompatible approach for clinical transplantation, drug screening, and cell therapy., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Elevated ribosome biogenesis correlates with the rapid growth and progression of cancer. Targeted blockade of ribosome biogenesis induces nucleolar stress, which preferentially leads to the elimination of malignant cells. In this study, it is reported that the nucleolar protein BRIX1 is a critical regulator for the homeostasis between ribosome biogenesis and p53 activation. BRIX1 facilitated the processing of pre-rRNA by supporting the formation of the PeBoW complex. In addition, BRIX1 prevented p53 activation in response to nucleolar stress by impairing the interactions between MDM2 and the ribosomal proteins, RPL5, and RPL11, thereby triggering the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy. Conversely, depletion of BRIX1 induced nucleolar stress, which in turn activated p53 through RPL5 and RPL11, consequently inhibiting the growth of tumors. Moreover, engineered exosomes are developed, which are surface-decorated with iRGD, a tumor-homing peptide, and loaded with siRNAs specific to BRIX1, for the treatment of cancer. iRGD-Exo-siBRIX1 significantly suppressed the growth of colorectal cancer and enhanced the efficacy of 5-FU chemotherapy in vivo. Overall, the study uncovers that BRIX1 functions as an oncoprotein to promote rRNA synthesis and dampen p53 activity, and also implies that targeted inhibition of BRIX1 via engineered exosomes can be a potent approach for cancer therapy., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Developing low-Pt oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts with high efficiency and robustness is critical for practical fuel cells. The most advanced ORR catalysts either feature high percentages of Pt (>70 at.%) or exhibit poor durability when reducing Pt loading. Herein, a multicomponent solid-solution Pt 3 (FeCoNi) honeycomb nano-framework supported by the specially designed high-entropy metallic glass (MG) is reported for efficient ORR. This hybrid catalyst with a low surface Pt loading of 5.79 µg cm -2 displays exceptional mass and specific activities of 7.02 A mg pt -1 and 8.15 mA cm Pt -2 at 0.9 V, respectively, which are ≈15 and 22 times higher compared with commercial Pt/C. The analyses reveal the weakened chemisorption of oxygenated species, which is induced by the strong strain and ligand effects originating from the synergistic multicomponent alloying. This in turn enhances the intrinsic ORR activity. Moreover, benefiting from a unique replenishment behavior, the hybrid catalyst delivers ultra-high durability with negligible activity decay even after 50 000 potential cycles. This mechanism is achieved by sacrificing the interior MG supplementary support to dynamically compensate for the loss of catalytically active surface. The work provides an alternative way to design more efficient and durable low-Pt electrocatalysts for electrochemical devices., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Doxorubicin (DOX), a potent antineoplastic agent, is commonly associated with cardiotoxicity, necessitating the development of strategies to reduce its adverse effects on cardiac function. Previous research has demonstrated a strong correlation between DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and the activation of oxidative stress pathways. This work introduces a novel antioxidant therapeutic approach, utilizing libraries of tannic acid and N-acetyl-L-cysteine-protected bimetallic cluster nanozymes. Through extensive screening for antioxidative enzyme-like activity, an optimal bimetallic nanozyme (AuRu) is identified that possess remarkable antioxidant characteristics, mimicking catalase-like enzymes. Theoretical calculations reveal the surface interactions of the prepared nanozymes that simulate the hydrogen peroxide decomposition process, showing that these bimetallic nanozymes readily undergo OH⁻ adsorption and O₂ desorption. To enhance cardiac targeting, the atrial natriuretic peptide is conjugated to the AuRu nanozyme. These cardiac-targeted bimetallic cluster nanozymes, with their anchoring capability, effectively reduce DOX-induced cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and PANoptosis without compromising tumor treatment efficacy. Thus, the therapeutic approach demonstrates significant reductions in chemotherapy-induced cardiac cell death and improvements in cardiac function, accompanied by exceptional in vivo biocompatibility and stability. This study presents a promising avenue for preventing chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, offering potential clinical benefits for cancer patients., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Molecular oxygen redox electrocatalysis involves oxygen reduction and evolution as core reactions in various energy conversion and environmental technology fields. Strong metal-support interactions (SMSIs) based nanomaterials are regarded as desirable and state-of-the-art heterogeneous electrocatalysts due to their exceptional physicochemical properties. Over the past decades, considerable advancements in theory and experiment have been achieved in related studies, especially in modulating the electronic structure and geometrical configuration of SMSIs to enable activity, selectivity, and stability. In this focuses on the concept of SMSI, explore their various manifestations and mechanisms of action, and summarizes recent advances in SMSIs for efficient energy conversion in oxygen redox electrocatalysis applications. Additionally, the correlation between the physicochemical properties of different metals and supports is systematically elucidated, and the potential mechanisms of the structure-activity relationships between SMSIs and catalytic performance are outlined through theoretical models. Finally, the obstacles confronting this burgeoning field are comprehensively concluded, targeted recommendations and coping strategies are proposed, and future research perspectives are outlined., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Understanding the molecular mechanisms that bridge hepatic inflammation and liver injury is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) management. HECT domain and RCC1-like domain 2 (HERC2) belongs to the large Herc family of ubiquitin E3 ligases, which are implicated in tissue development and inflammation. The observation reveals a pronounced HERC2 expression in specific hepatocyte subsets that proliferate in response to DILI in humans, prompting an investigation into the role of HERC2 in distinct DILI progression. Under the APAP challenge, liver-specific HERC2-deficient mice suffer more severe liver damage. Integrated single-cell RNA sequencing analysis unveils a negative correlation between HERC2 and CYP2E1, a vital metabolic enzyme for xenobiotics, in hepatocytes from APAP-challenged mice. Mechanistically, HERC2 interacts with β-catenin to promote its ubiquitination, thereby governing CYP2E1 transcriptional regulation. Targeted hepatic delivery of lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated HERC2-overexpressing plasmid markedly reduces liver damage caused by APAP overdose. Collectively, these findings elucidate a previously unrecognized protective role of HERC2 in protecting against acute liver injury associated with drug metabolism disorders, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in treating DILI., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

High-affinity, specific, and sensitive probes are crucial for the specific recognition and identification of tumor cells from complex matrices. Multivalent binding is a powerful strategy, but the irrational spatial distribution of the functional moieties may reduce the probe performance. Here, we constructed a Janus DNA triangular prism nanostructure (3Zy1-JTP-3) for sensitive detection and specific isolation of tumor cells. Benefiting from spatial features of the triangular prism, the fluorescence intensity induced by 3Zy1-JTP-3 was almost 4 times that of the monovalent structure. Moreover, the DNA triangular prisms were connected to form hand-in-hand multivalent DNA triangular prism structures (Zy1-MTP), in which the fluorescence intensity and affinity were increased to 9-fold and 10-fold of 3Zy1-JTP-3, respectively. Furthermore, 3Zy1-JTP-3 and Zy1-MTP were combined with magnetic beads, and the latter showed higher capture efficiency (>90 %) in whole blood. This work provides a new strategy for the efficient capture of rare cells in complex biological samples., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Morphology templates of solution-based diblock copolymer (DBC) films with loading metal salts are widely applied in photocatalysts, photovoltaics, and sensors due to their adjustable characteristics based on surface (de-)wetting and microphase separation. The present work investigates the morphologies of drop-cast hybrid films based on poly(styrene)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) and the metal salts titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) and zinc acetate dehydrate (ZAD) in comparison to the pure DBC. By utilizing scanning electron microscopy, grazing-incidence small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, and differential scanning calorimetry, we find that the resulting film morphologies depend not only on the presence of metal salts but also on solvent evaporation and crystalline formation. At 20 °C, additional TTIP and ZAD in the polymer template cause the morphology to change from packed globular structures to separated wormlike structures attributed to the changed polymer environment. Furthermore, additional tetrahydrofuran causes irregular structures at the precursor film part and the overlapped wormlike structures to transition into close-packed globular structures at the cap film parts of the pure DBC. In contrast, at 50 °C, the globular structures transit to fingerprint patterns due to the thermal behavior of the crystallizable PEO blocks, and the metal salt additives suppress crystalline structure formation in the PEO domains., (© 2024 The Author(s). Small published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Highly fluorinated electrolytes have proved effective in improving electrochemical stability of lithium metal batteries. However, excessive fluorination not only detrimentally impacts the electrolyte ionic conductivity, but also inevitably forms the over-fluorinated interphases with sluggish ion diffusivity. Herein, a strategy on remodeling Li + solvation structure in highly fluorinated electrolyte aided is proposed by fluorinated amide (FDMA), which denoted as "shielding agent". Benefitting from FDMA's high donor number (DN) value (22.1), the Li + -dipole (fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) or trans-4,5-Difluoroethylenecarbonate (DFEC)) interaction is interrupted and the participation of FDMA in primary solvation sheath fructify the solid-electrolyte interphase without scarifying the privilege of fluorinated electrolyte on interphase chemistry. Eventually, the optimal high-fluorinated electrolyte (FDMA/DFEC + 1.0 mol L -1 LiTFSI) with this unique shielding effect displays high ionic conductivity and rapid Li + desolvation behavior, enabling Li||LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 (Li||NCM622) to achieve an ultralong cycle-life of 2000 cycles at 1C with 84.7% capacity retention. Even under extreme conditions (NCM622: 10 mg cm -2 ; electrolyte: 20 µL; Li: 50 µm), the Li||NCM622 displays excellent electrochemical performance. Additionally, 447 Wh kg -1 Li||LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (Li||NCM811) pouch cells have been successfully fabricated and demonstrate an exceptional cycle-life over 150 cycles. The proposed "shielding" strategy to modulate the solvation structure paves the way for developing practical LMBs with fluorinated electrolytes., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Fiber zinc-air batteries are explored as promising power systems for wearable and portable electronic devices due to their intrinsic safety and the use of ambient oxygen as cathode material. However, challenges such as limited zinc anode reversibility and sluggish cathode reaction kinetics result in poor cycling stability and low energy efficiency. To address these challenges, we design a polydopamine-based all-in-one gel electrolyte (PAGE) that simultaneously regulates the reversibility of zinc anodes and the kinetics of air cathodes through polydopamine interfacial and redox chemistry, respectively. The intrinsic catechol and carboxylate groups in PAGE regulate the transport and solvation structure of Zn 2+ , facilitating dendrite-free zinc deposition with a lamellar stacking morphology. Additionally, the oxidation of redox-active catechol groups in PAGE replaces the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction on the air cathode and reduces the energy barrier for charging, enabling fiber zinc-air batteries to achieve a significantly improved energy efficiency of 95 % and a longer lifespan of 40 hours. Further integration into self-powered electronic textiles underscores its potential for next-generation wearable systems., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology speculates that neuromelanin (NM) and iron ions play a significant role in physiological and pathological conditions of PD. Because the difficult accessibility of NM has limited targeted research, synthetic melanin-like nanoparticles have been used to instead. In this report, the eumelanin and pheomelanin-like polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles are prepared that can be used to simulate natural NM with or without chelating iron ion and studied the redox effects in vitro and in vivo on neuronal cells and PD. The synthetic pheomelanin-like PDA nanoparticles have much stronger redox activity than eumelanin-like PDA nanoparticles without or with iron ion. They can protect neurons by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), while cause neuronal cell death and PD due to excessive binding of iron ions. This work provides new evidence for the relationship among two structural components of NM and iron in PD as well as displays the different effects on the roles of eumelanin and pheomelanin in redox activity under physiological or pathological conditions, which provide a new effective choice for cellular and animal models of PD and offer theoretical guidance for targeted treatment and mechanism research on PD., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Semiconductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with donor-acceptor (D-A) characteristics have garnered attractive attention due to their capacity for separating and transferring photogenerated charges, making them promising candidates for high-performance X-ray detectors. However, the low charge transfer efficiency between the metal nodes and organic ligands limits the X-ray-to-electricity conversion efficiency of these materials. Herein, an additional photoactive donor (D') is introduced by incorporating a heavy atom-containing polyoxometalate (POM) [α-SiW 12 O 40 ] 4- into a binary {[Ni·bcbp·(H 2 O) 2 ]·(H 2 O) 4 ·Cl} n (Ni-bcbp, bcbp: H 2 bcbp·2Cl = 1,1'-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)(4,4'-bipyridinium) dichloride) MOF, resulting in a semiconductive ternary D-D'-A framework {[Ni 2 (bcbp) 2 ·(H 2 O) 4 ·(DMA)]·(SiW 12 O 40 )} n (SiW@Ni-bcbp, DMA: dimethylacetamide). The obtained material features an unprecedented porous 8-connected bcu-net structure that accommodates nanoscale [α-SiW 12 O 40 ] 4- counterions, displaying uncommon optoelectronic responses. In contrast to binary Ni-bcbp, the SiW@Ni-bcbp framework exhibits distinctive photochromism and robust X-ray responsiveness, which can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the electron reservoir and multiple photoinduced electron transfer originating from the POMs. As a result, the X-ray detector based on SiW@Ni-bcbp demonstrates a sensitivity of 5741.6 µC Gy air -1 cm -2 with a low detection limit of 0.49 µGy air s -1 . Moreover, the devices demonstrated the capability of producing clearness X-ray images, providing a feasible and stable solution for constructing high-performance direct X-ray detectors., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is an emerging class of therapeutic agents for treating a wide range of diseases. However, due to the instability and low cell transfection rate of naked mRNA, the expression of delivered mRNA in target cells or tissues in vivo requires delivery strategies. Biomimetic vectors hold advantages such as high biocompatibility, tissue specific targeting ability and efficient delivery mechanisms, potentially overcoming challenges faced by other delivery vectors. In this review, biomimetic vector-based mRNA delivery systems are summarized and discuss the possible challenges and prospects of such delivery systems, which may contribute to the progress and application of mRNA-based therapy in the biomedical field., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Large skin wounds, with extensive surface area and deep vertical full-thickness involvement, can pose significant challenges in clinical settings. Traditional routes for repairing skin wounds encompass three hallmarks: 1) scab formation for hemostasis; 2) proliferation and migration of epidermal cells for wound closure; 3) proliferation, migration, and functionalization of fibroblasts and endothelial cells for dermal remodeling. However, this route face remarkable challenges to healing large wounds, usually leading to disordered structures and loss of functions in the regenerated skin, due to limited control on the transition among the three stages. In this work, an implantable bioelectronics is developed that enables the synchronization of the three stages, offering accelerated and high-quality healing of large skin wounds. The system efficiently electro-transfect local cells near the wounds, forcing cellular proliferation, while providing a 3D porous environments for synchronized migration of epidermal and dermal cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the system achieved synchronous progression of multiple layers within the wounds, leading to the reconstruction of a complete skin structure similar to healthy skin, which presents a new avenue for the clinical translation of large wound healing., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of the most promising energy storage devices due to their environmental friendliness, low cost, and high specific capacity. However, the slow electrochemical kinetics and the "shuttle effect" have seriously hindered their commercialization. Herein, the nanoflower Bi 2 S 3 ─MoS 2 (BMS) heterostructure is synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal method, and then the Bi 2 S 3 ─MoS 2 -Polypropylene (BMS-PP) interlayer is constructed. The heterostructure is rich in active sites, in which BMS has strong adsorption to lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and can effectively anchor LiPSs while catalyzing LiPSs and promote the redox of Li 2 S at the same time, which can improve the utilization of active substances. More importantly, the d-band center can be tuned by the formation of Bi 2 S 3 ─MoS 2 heterostructure. Thus, Li-S batteries containing the BMS-PP interlayer show excellent rate performance (841.6 mAh g -1 at 5 C) and cycling performance (70.3% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 3 C). This work provides a new route for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Breast reconstruction is essential for improving the appearance of patients after cancer surgery. Traditional breast prostheses are not appropriate for those undergoing partial resections and cannot detect and treat locoregional recurrence. Personalized shape prostheses that can smartly sense tumor relapse and deliver therapeutics are needed. A 3D-printed prosthesis that contains a therapeutic hydrogel is developed. The hydrogel, which is fabricated by crosslinking the polyvinyl alcohol with N1-(4-boronobenzyl)-N3-(4-boronophenyl)-N1, N1, N3, N3-tetramethylpropane-1,3-diaminium, is responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, RSL3, a ferroptosis inducer that is loaded in hydrogels, can trigger tumor ferroptosis. Intriguingly, RSL3 encapsulated in the ROS-responsive hydrogel exerts antitumor effects by increasing the numbers of tumor-infiltrated CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and M1 macrophages while reducing the number of M2 macrophages. Therefore, this new prosthesis not only allows personalized shape reconstruction, but also detects and inhibits tumor recurrence. This combination of aesthetic appearance and therapeutic function can be very beneficial for breast cancer patients undergoing surgery., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Manipulating the atomic structure of the catalyst and tailoring the dissociative water-hydrogen bonding network at the catalyst-electrolyte interface is essential for propelling alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR), but remains a great challenge. Herein, we constructed an advanced a-RuMo/NiMoO 4 /NF heterogeneous electrocatalyst with amorphous RuMo alloy nanoclusters anchored to amorphous NiMoO 4 skeletons on Ni foam by a heteroatom implantation strategy. Theoretical calculations and in situ Raman tests show that the amorphous and alloying structure of a-RuMo/NiMoO 4 /NF not only induces the directional evolution of interfacial H 2 O, but also lowers the d-band center (from -0.43 to -2.22 eV) of a-RuMo/NiMoO 4 /NF, the Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption (ΔG H* , from -1.29 to -0.06 eV), and the energy barrier of HzOR (ΔG N2(g) =1.50 eV to ΔG N2* =0.47 eV). Profiting from these favorable factors, the a-RuMo/NiMoO 4 /NF exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performances, especially at large current densities, with an overpotential of 13 and 129 mV to reach 10 and 1000 mA cm -2 for HER. While for HzOR, it needs only -91 and 276 mV to deliver 10 and 500 mA cm -2 , respectively. Further, the constructed a-RuMo/NiMoO 4 /NF||a-RuMo/NiMoO 4 /NF electrolyzer demands only 7 and 420 mV to afford 10 and 500 mA cm -2 ., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Ti 3 C 2 T x (MXene) is widely acknowledged as an excellent substrate for constructing heterogeneous structures with transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) for boosting the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion storage. However, conventional synthesis strategies inevitably lead to poor electrochemical charge transfer due to Ti 3 C 2 T x -derived TiO 2 at the heterogeneous interface between Ti 3 C 2 T x and TMCs. Here, an innovative in situ selenization strategy is proposed to replace the originally generated TiO 2 on Ti 3 C 2 T x with metallic TiSe 2 interphase, clearing the bottleneck of slow charge transfer barrier caused by MXene oxidation. The construction of bimetallic selenide formed by CoSe 2 and TiSe 2 generates intrinsic electric fields to guide the fast ion diffusion kinetics in a heterogeneous interface. Additionally, the CoSe 2 /TiSe 2 /Ti 3 C 2 T x heterogeneous structure with enhanced structural stability and improved rate performance is confirmed by both experiments and theoretical calculations. The engineered heterogeneous structure exhibits an ultra-high pseudocapacitance contribution (73.1% at 0.1 mV s -1 ), rendering it well-suited to offset the kinetics differences between double-layer materials. The assembled lithium-ion capacitor based on CoSe 2 /TiSe 2 /Ti 3 C 2 T x possesses a high energy density and an ultralong life span (89.5% after 10 000 times at 2 A g -1 ). This devised strategy provides a feasible solution for utilizing the performance advantages of MXene substrates in lithium storage with ultrafast charge transfer kinetics., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The unsaturated amides are traditionally synthesized by acylation of carboxylic acids or hydration of nitrile compounds but are rarely investigated by hydroaminocarbonylation of alkynes using heterogeneous single-metal-site catalysts (HSMSCs). Herein, single-Pd-site catalysts supported on N-doping carbon (NC) with different nitrogen dimensions inherited from corresponding metal-organic-framework precursors are successfully synthesized. 2D NC-supported single-Pd-site (Pd 1 /NC-2D) exhibited the best performance with near 100% selectivity and 76% yield of acrylamide for acetylene hydroaminocarbonylation with better stability, superior to those of Pd 1 /NC-3D, single-metal-site/nanoparticle coexisting catalyst, and nanoparticle catalyst. The coordination environment and molecular evolution of the single-Pd-site during the process of acetylene hydroaminocarbonylation on Pd 1 /NC-2D are detailly illuminated by various characterizations and density functional theoretical calculations (DFT). DFT also showed the energy barrier of rate-determining step on Pd 1 /NC-2D is lower than that of Pd 1 /NC-3D. Furthermore, Pd 1 /NC-2D catalyst illustrated the general applicability of the hydroaminocarbonylation for various alkynes., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Dual-atom catalysts (DACs) originate unprecedented reactivity and maximize resource efficiency. The fundamental difficulty lies in the high complexity and instability of DACs, making the rational design and targeted performance optimization a grand challenge. Here, an atomically dispersed Pd 2 DAC with an in situ generated Pd─Pd bond is constructed by a dynamic strategy, which achieves high activity and selectivity for semi-hydrogenation of alkynes and functional internal acetylene, twice higher than commercial Lindlar catalyst. Density functional theory calculations and systematic experiments confirms the ultrahigh properties of Pd 2 DAC originates from the synergistic effect of the dynamically generated Pd─Pd bonds. This discovery highlights the potential for dynamic strategies and opens unprecedented possibilities for the preparation of robust DACs on an industrial scale., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attracting widespread research and attention as highly promising candidates in the field of electronic photovoltaics owing to their exceptional power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, rigid or flexible PSCs still face challenges in preparing full-coverage and low-defect perovskite films, as well as achieving highly reproducible and highly stable devices. Herein, a multifunctional additive 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate (AES) is designed to regulate the film crystallization and thereby form flat and pinhole-free perovskite films. It is found that the introduction of AES can effectively passivate defects, restrain charge carrier recombination, and then achieve a higher fill factor. As seen with grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS), this approach does not affect the crystal orientation distribution. It is observed that AES addition shows a universality across different perovskite components since the PCE is improved up to 20.7% for FA 0.97 MA 0.03 Pb(I 0.97 Br 0.03 ) 3 -AES, 22.85% for Cs 0.05 FA 0.95 PbI 3 -AES, 22.23% for FAPbI 2.7 Br 0.3 -AES, and 23.32% for FAPI-AES rigid devices. Remarkably, the non-encapsulated flexible Cs 0.05 (FA 0.85 MA 0.15 ) 0.95 Pb(I 0.85 Br 0.15 ) 3 device with AES additive delivers a PCE of 20.1% and maintains over 97% of its initial efficiency under ambient conditions (25 ± 5% relative humidity) over 2280 h of aging., (© 2024 The Authors. Small published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Metabolites, as markers of phenotype at the molecular level, can regulate the function of DNA, RNA, and proteins through chemical modifications or interactions with large molecules. Citrate is an important metabolite that affects macrophage polarization and osteoporotic bone function. Therefore, a better understanding of the precise effect of citrate on macrophage polarization may provide an effective alternative strategy to reverse osteoporotic bone metabolism. In this study, a citrate functional scaffold to control the metabolic pathway during macrophage polarization based on the metabolic differences between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes for maintaining bone homeostasis, is fabricated. Mechanistically, only outside M1 macrophages are accumulated high concentrations of citrate, in contrast, M2 macrophages consume massive citrate. Therefore, citrate-functionalized scaffolds exert more sensitive inhibitory effects on metabolic enzyme activity during M1 macrophage polarization than M2 macrophage polarization. Citrate can block glycolysis-related enzymes by occupying the binding-site and ensure sufficient metabolic flux in the TCA cycle, so as to turn the metabolism of macrophages to oxidative phosphorylation of M2 macrophage, largely maintaining bone homeostasis. These studies indicate that exogenous citrate can realize metabolic control of macrophage polarization for maintaining bone homeostasis in osteoporosis., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Periodontitis is the leading cause of adult tooth missing. Thorny bacterial biofilm and high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in tissue are key elements for the periodontitis process. It is meaningful to develop an advanced therapeutic system with sequential antibacterial/ antioxidant ability to meet the overall goals of periodontitis therapy. Herein, a dual-polymer functionalized melanin-AgNPs (P/D-MNP-Ag) with biofilm penetration, hydroxyapatite binding, and sequentially treatment ability are fabricated. Polymer enriched with 2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (D), can be protonated in an acid environment with enhanced positive charge, promoting penetration in biofilm. The other polymer is rich in phosphate group (P) and can chelate Ca 2+ , promoting the polymer to adhere to the hydroxyapatite surface. Melanin has good ROS scavenging and photothermal abilities, after in situ reduction Ag, melanin-AgNPs composite has sequentially transitioned between antibacterial and antioxidative ability due to heat and acid accelerated Ag + release. The released Ag + and heat have synergistic antibacterial effects for bacterial killing. With Ag + consumption, the antioxidant ability of MNP recovers to scavenge ROS in the inflammatory area. When applied in the periodontitis model, P/D-MNP-Ag has good therapeutical effects to ablate biofilm, relieve inflammation state, and reduce alveolar bone loss. P/D-MNP-Ag with sequential treatment ability provides a reference for developing advanced oral biofilm eradication systems., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

To overcome the poor targeting of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and the defects of low drug-loading capacity of conventional drug delivery systems, novel drug delivery systems with high drug-loading capacity are developed. Herein, the high drug-loaded mPEG 79 -GFLGDDD-DOX copolymer is first synthesized via an amide reaction, which can bond multiplex DOX. After PEGylation, the drug can resist the adsorption of proteins in the plasma in blood circulation, avoid being rapidly cleared out of the body, and prolong the circulation time of the drug in the blood, which is conducive to the enrichment of micelles in tumor tissues through the EPR effect. In tumor tissues, the peptide Glycine- Phenylalanine- Leucine- Glycine (GFLG) is recognized and sheared by overexpressed cathepsin B, which stripped the outer layer of methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) and made it more readily available for uptake by tumor cells. After entering the tumor cells, the bonded DOX and the physically encapsulated DOX in the micelles played a synergistic role, realizing the killing of tumor cells, thus effectively enhancing the therapeutic effect on tumors. The findings in this work suggest that a high drug-loading drug delivery system has great potential in the clinical treatment of tumors., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The practical application of aqueous zinc ion batteries is still hampered by the side reactions and dendrite growth on Zn anode. Herein, the phase engineering of ZnSe coating layer by incorporating small molecules is developed to enhance the performance of Zn anode. The unique electronic structure of ZnSe⋅0.5N 2 H 4 promises strong adsorption for Zn atoms and enhanced ability to inhibit hydrogen evolution, thereby promoting uniform Zn deposition and preventing by-product and dendrite growth. Meanwhile, fast Zn 2+ transfer and deposition kinetics are also demonstrated by ZnSe⋅0.5N 2 H 4 . As a result, the ZnSe⋅0.5N 2 H 4 @Zn symmetric cell achieves long-term cycling stability up to 1900 h and 300 h at high current densities of 5 mA cm -2 and 20 mA cm -2 , respectively. The assembled ZnSe⋅0.5N 2 H 4 @Zn||NH 4 V 4 O 10 full cell presents outstanding cycling stability and rate capability. This work highlights the key role of crystal phase control of protective layer for high-performance zinc anode., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

The structure of molecular aggregates is crucial for charge transport and photovoltaic performance in organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, the intermolecular interactions and aggregated structures of nonfused-ring electron acceptors (NFREAs) are precisely regulated through a halogen transposition strategy, resulting in a noteworthy transformation from a 2D-layered structure to a 3D-interconnected packing network. Based on the 3D electron transport pathway, the binary and ternary devices deliver outstanding power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 17.46 % and 18.24 %, respectively, marking the highest value for NFREA-based OSCs., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Gram-positive S. aureus is one of the leading pathogens for death associated with antimicrobial resistance. The β-lactamase (Bla) secreted by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) hydrolyzes nearly all β-lactam antibiotics, leaving only a few antibiotics available for the clinical treatment of MRSA infections. Thereby, a Bla-responsive peptide (BLAP) is designed here with the capacity of inhibiting MRSA infection through mimicking the host defense mechanism of human defensin-6. The BLAP comprising a self-assembling peptide sequence can respond specifically to the secreted Bla and assemble in situ surrounding MRSA. The assembled nanofibrous network is able to trap MRSA, preventing its invasion into the host cells effectively. As a consequence, the intramuscular injection of BLAP significantly restricted bacterial infection and abscess formation in mice. The biomimetic BLAP holds great potential for the efficient treatment of drug-resistant gram-positive bacterial infections., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The instability of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is a critical challenge for the zinc metal anodes, leading to an erratic electrode/electrolyte interface and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), ultimately resulting in anode failure. This study uncovers that the fluorine species dissolution is the root cause of SEI instability. To effectively suppress the F - dissolution, an introduction of a low-polarity molecule, 1,4-thioxane (TX), is proposed, which reinforces the stability of the fluorine-rich SEI. Moreover, the TX molecule has a strong affinity for coordinating with Zn 2+ and adsorbing at the electrode/electrolyte interface, thereby diminishing the activity of local water and consequently impeding SEI dissolution. The robust fluorine-rich SEI layer promotes the high durability of the zinc anode in repeated plating/stripping cycles, while concurrently suppressing HER and enhancing Coulombic efficiency. Notably, the symmetric cell with TX demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performance, sustaining over 500 hours at 20 mA cm -2 with 10 mAh cm -2 . Furthermore, the Zn||KVOH full cell exhibits excellent capacity retention, averaging 6.8 mAh cm -2 with 98 % retention after 400 cycles, even at high loading with a lean electrolyte. This work offers a novel perspective on SEI dissolution as a key factor in anode failure, providing valuable insights for the electrolyte design in energy storage devices., (© 2024 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Practical utilization of zinc-iodine (Zn-I 2 ) batteries is hindered by significant challenges, primarily stemming from the polyiodide shuttle effect on the cathode and dendrite growth on the anode. Herein, a feasible redox-active electrolyte has been introduced with tetraethylammonium iodide as an additive that simultaneously addresses the above mentioned challenges via polyiodide solidification on the cathode and the electrostatic shielding effect on the anode. The tetraethylammonium (TEA + ) captures water-soluble polyiodide intermediates (I 3 - , I 5 - ), forming a solid complex at the cathode, thereby suppressing capacity loss during charge/discharge. Furthermore, the TEA + mitigates dendrite growth on the Zn anode via the electrostatic shielding effect, promoting uniform and compact Zn deposition at the anode. Consequently, the Zn||Zn symmetric cell demonstrates superior cycling stability during Zn plating/stripping over 4,200 h at 1 mA cm -2 and 1 mAh cm -2 . The Zn||NiNC full-cell exhibits a stable capacity retention of 98.4% after 20 000 cycles (>5 months) with near-unity Coulombic efficiency at 1 A g -1 . The study provides novel insights for establishing a new direction for low-cost, sustainable, and long-lifespan Zn-I 2 batteries., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Fusarium wilt (FW) is widespread in global cotton production, but the mechanism underlying FW resistance in superior-fiber-quality Sea Island cotton is unclear. This study reveals that FW resistance has been the target of genetic improvement of Sea Island cotton in China since the 2010s. The key nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, T/C) of gene Gbar_D03G001670 encoding protein phosphatase 2C 80 (PP2C80) results in an amino acid shift (L/S), which is significantly associated with FW resistance of Sea Island cotton. Silencing GbPP2C80 increases FW resistance in Sea Island cotton, whereas overexpressing GbPP2C80 reduces FW resistance in Arabidopsis. GbPP2C80 and GbWAKL14 exist synergistically in Sea Island cotton accessions with haplotype forms "susceptible-susceptible" (TA) and "resistant-resistant" (CC), and interact with each other. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of GbWAKL14 enhances FW and Verticillium wilt (VW) resistance in upland cotton and overexpression of GbWAKL14 and GbPP2C80 weakens FW and VW resistance in Arabidopsis. GbPP2C80 and GbWAKL14 respond to FW and VW by modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) content via affecting MPK3 expression. In summary, two tandem genes on chromosome D03, GbPP2C80, and GbWAKL14, functions as cooperative negative regulators in cotton wilt disease defense, providing novel genetic resources and molecular markers for the development of resistant cotton cultivars., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Lithium (Li) metal batteries are deemed as promising next-generation power solutions but are hindered by the uncontrolled dendrite growth and infinite volume change of Li anodes. The extensively studied 3D scaffolds as solutions generally lead to undesired "top-growth" of Li due to their high electrical conductivity and the lack of ion-transporting pathways. Here, by reducing electrical conductivity and increasing the ionic conductivity of the scaffold, the deposition spot of Li to the bottom of the scaffold can be regulated, thus resulting in a safe bottom-up plating mode of the Li and dendrite-free Li deposition. The resulting symmetrical cells with these scaffolds, despite with a limited pre-plated Li capacity of 5 mAh cm -2 , exhibit ultra-stable Li plating/stripping for over 1 year (11 000 h) at a high current density of 3 mA cm -2 and a high areal capacity of 3 mAh cm -2 . Moreover, the full cells with these scaffolds further demonstrate high cycling stability under challenging conditions, including high cathode loading of 21.6 mg cm -2 , low negative-to-positive ratio of 1.6, and limited electrolyte-to-capacity ratio of 4.2 g Ah -1 ., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Despite widely used as a commercial cathode, the anisotropic 1D channel hopping of lithium ions along the [010] direction in LiFePO 4 prevents its application in fast charging conditions. Herein, an ultrafast nonequilibrium high-temperature shock technology is employed to controllably introduce the Li-Fe antisite defects and tensile strain into the lattice of LiFePO 4 . This design makes the study of the effect of the strain field on the performance further extended from the theoretical calculation to the experimental perspective. The existence of Li-Fe antisite defects makes it feasible for Li + to move from the 4a site of the edge-sharing octahedra across the ab plane to 4c site of corner-sharing octahedra, producing a new diffusion channel different from [010]. Meanwhile, the presence of a tensile strain field reduces the energy barrier of the new 2D diffusion path. In the combination of electrochemical experiments and first-principles calculations, the unique multiscale coupling structure of Li-Fe antisite defects and lattice strain promotes isotropic 2D interchannel Li + hopping, leading to excellent fast charging performance and cycling stability (high-capacity retention of 84.4% after 2000 cycles at 10 C). The new mechanism of Li + diffusion kinetics accelerated by multiscale coupling can guide the design of high-rate electrodes., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Physically crosslinked microgels (PCMs) offer a biocompatible platform for various biomedical applications. However, current PCM fabrication methods suffer from their complexity and poor controllability, due to their reliance on altering physical conditions to initiate gelation and their dependence on specific materials. To address this issue, a novel PCM fabrication method is devised, which employs water transport-induced liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to trigger the intermolecular interaction-supported sol-gel transition within aqueous emulsion droplets. This method enables the controllable and facile generation of PCMs through a single emulsification step, allowing for the facile production of PCMs with various materials and sizes, as well as controllable structures and mechanical properties. Moreover, this PCM fabrication method holds great promise for diverse biomedical applications. The interior of the PCM not only supports the encapsulation and proliferation of bacteria but also facilitates the encapsulation of eukaryotic cells after transforming the system into an all-aqueous emulsion. Furthermore, through appropriate surface functionalization, the PCMs effectively activate T cells in vitro upon coculturing. This work represents an advancement in PCM fabrication and offers new insights and perspectives for microgel engineering., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

2D materials-based broadband photodetectors have extensive applications in security monitoring and remote sensing fields, especially in supersonic aircraft that require reliable performance under extreme high-temperature conditions. However, the integration of large-area heterostructures with 2D materials often involves high-temperature deposition methods, and also limited options and size of substrates. Herein, a liquid-phase spin-coating method is presented based on the interface engineering to prepare larger-area Van der Waals heterojunctions of black phosphorus (BP)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) films at room temperature on arbitrary substrates of any required size. Importantly, this method avoids the common requirement of high-temperature, and prevents the curling or stacking in 2D materials during the liquid-phase film formation. The BP/RGO films-based devices exhibit a wide spectral photo-response, ranging from the visible of 532 nm to infrared range of 2200 nm. Additionally, due to Van der Waals interface of Schottky junction, the array devices provide infrared detection at temperatures up to 400 K, with an outstanding photoresponsivity (R) of 12 A W -1 and a specific detectivity (D*) of ≈2.4 × 10 9 Jones. This work offers an efficient approach to fabricate large-area 2D Schottky junction films by solution-coating for high-temperature infrared photodetectors., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Traditional electromagnetic absorbing materials (EWAMs) are usually single functions and can easily affect their performance in diverse application scenarios. Effective integration of EWAMs into multiple function components is a valuable strategy to achieve maximum absorption and multifunction performance while maintaining their indispensable physical and chemical properties. In this work, the polyoxometalates (POMs) serving as "guests" are embedded within the Co-MOFs to construct 3d/4d-bimetallic based crystalline precursors of dielectric/magnetic synergistic system. The proper pyrolysis temperature induced the homogeneously distributed metallic Co and MoC x hetero-units into carbon matrix with modified porous defect engineering to enhance electromagnetic wave (EW). Owing to the brilliant synergistic effect of polarization, magnetic loss, and impedance matching, the superior RL min of -47.72 dB at 11.76 GHz at the thickness of 2.0 mm and a wide adequate absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.58 GHz (7.44-12.02 GHz) covered the whole X-band at the thickness of 2.5 mm for η-MoC/Co@NC-800 are observed. More importantly, the resulting MoC x hybrid polyimide (MCP) aerogel exhibits desirable properties such as structural robustness, nonflammability, excellent thermal insulation, and self-cleaning capabilities that are comparable to those of commercially available products. This work offers inspiration and strategy for creating multipurpose microwave absorbers with intricate structural designs., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Transparent flexible energy storage devices are limited by the trade-off among flexibility, transparency, and charge storage capability of their electrode materials. Conductive polymers are intrinsically flexible, but limited by small capacitance. Pseudocapacitive MXene provides high capacitance, yet their opaque and brittle nature hinders their flexibility and transparency. Herein, the development of synergistically interacting conductive polymer Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene/PEDOT:PSS composites is reported for transparent flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors, with an outstanding areal capacitance of 3.1 mF cm -2 , a high optical transparency of 61.6%, and excellent flexibility and durability. The high capacitance and high transparency of the devices stem from the uniform and thorough blending of PEDOT:PSS and Ti 3 C 2 T x , which is associated with the formation of O─H…O H-bonds in the composites. The conductive MXene/polymer composite electrodes demonstrate a rational means to achieve high-capacity, transparent and flexible supercapacitors in an easy and scalable manner., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)