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Heterocycles A must-read handbook on heterocycle chemistry with a focus on sustainability Heterocycles feature prominently in our daily life—they are essential for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals. More, numerous natural, bioactive products contain heterocyclic compounds. As a result, heterocyclic chemistry continues to be one of the most important areas of study in organic chemistry. Heterocycles provides an important reference on a wide range of topics relating to heterocyclic chemistry, with a heavy emphasis on sustainable methods and greener syntheses. The book describes state-of-the-art synthetic methods, such as photochemical reactions, dearomatization reactions, organocatalysis, transition metal catalysis, and biocatalysis. It also covers: Sustainable methods, like flow chemistry, mechanochemistry, and multicomponent synthesis Strategies for the synthesis of heterocyclic macrocycles and medium-sized rings Characterization of heterocyclic compounds Heterocycles is a useful reference for organic chemists, natural products chemists, catalytic chemists, and medicinal chemists in academia and industry.

Covers all the aspects of the recent achievements in silver catalyzed reactions Silver catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of organic synthesis. This comprehensive book systematically explores the unique performance of silver catalysis, introducing all the recent progress of silver catalysis in organic synthesis. It clearly emphasizes the unique features of silver catalysis and provides the reaction mechanism involved. This two-volume book also provides vivid schematics and tables throughout to enhance the accessibility to the relevant theory and mechanisms. Silver Catalysis in Organic Synthesis begins with an introduction to Silver Chemistry before moving on to chapters covering: Silver-Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reactions; Silver-Catalyzed Cyclizations; Silver-Mediated Radical Reactions; Silver-Mediated Fluorination, Perfluoroalkylation and Trifluoromethylthiolation Reactions; Coupling Reactions and C-H Functionalization; Silver-Catalyzed CO2 Incorporation; Silver-Catalyzed Carbene, Nitrene, and Silylene Transfer Reactions; Asymmetric Silver-Catalyzed Reactions; Silver-Catalyzed Reduction and Oxidation of Aldehydes and Their Derivatives; Silver Complexes in Organic Transformations; and Silver Nanoparticles in Organic Transformations. -Covers recently developed organic reactions catalyzed by silver, along with their reaction mechanism -Introduces many new reactions and mechanisms related to silver catalysis -Offers professionals and newcomers in the related fields a survey of new advances in silver catalysis in organic synthesis Silver Catalysis in Organic Synthesis will appeal to a wide readership including chemists, biochemists, pharmaceutical scientists, biomedical researchers, agriculture scientists, and graduate students in the related fields.

The completely revised third edition of this four-volume classic is fully updated and now includes such topics as as CH-activation and multicomponent reactions. It describes the most important reaction types, new methods and recent developments in catalysis. The internationally renowned editors and a plethora of international authors (including Nobel laureate R. Noyori) guarantee high quality content throughout the book. A'must read'for everyone in academia and industry working in this field.

Hybrid organic-inorganic materials and the rational design of their interfaces open up the access to a wide spectrum of functionalities not achievable with traditional concepts of materials science. This innovative class of materials has a major impact in many application domains such as optics, electronics, mechanics, energy storage and conversion, protective coatings, catalysis, sensing and nanomedicine. The properties of these materials do not only depend on the chemical structure, and the mutual interaction between their nano-scale building blocks, but are also strongly influenced by the interfaces they share. This handbook focuses on the most recent investigations concerning the design, control, and dynamics of hybrid organic-inorganic interfaces, covering: (i) characterization methods of interfaces, (ii) innovative computational approaches and simulation of interaction processes, (iii) in-situ studies of dynamic aspects controlling the formation of these interfaces, and (iv) the role of the interface for process optimization, devices, and applications in such areas as optics, electronics, energy and medicine.

Written by highly renowned and experienced authors, this is the only reference on the application of solvents as reagents. Clearly structured, the text describes various methods for the activation and reaction of these small molecules, highlighting the synthetic opportunities as well as process-oriented advantages. To this end, all relevant types of solvents are covered separately and emphasized with numerous synthetic examples, while taking care to explain applications so as to avoid undesired side reactions. The result is a unique resource for every synthetic chemist and reaction engineer in industry and academia working on the methodical optimization of synthetic transformations.

The first handbook on this emerging field provides a comprehensive overview of transition metal-catalyzed coupling reactions in the presence of an oxidant. Following an introduction to the general concept and mechanism of this reaction class, the team of authors presents chapters on C-C cross-coupling reactions using organometallic partners, C-Heteroatom bond forming reactions via oxidative couplings, and C-H couplings via C-H activation. The text also covers such groundbreaking topics as recent achievements in the fields of C-C and C-X bond formation reactions as well as C-H activation involving oxidative couplings. With its novel and concise approach towards important building blocks in organic chemistry and its focus on synthetic applications, this handbook is of great interest to all synthetic chemists in academia and industry alike.

Summarizing all the latest trends and recent topics in one handy volume, this book covers everything needed for a solid understanding of photochromic materials. Following a general introduction to organic photochromic materials, the authors move on to discuss not only the underlying theory but also the properties of such materials. After a selection of pplications, they look at the latest achievements in traditional solution-phase applications, including photochromic-based molecular logic operations and memory, optically modulated supramolecular system and sensors, as well as light-tunable chemical reactions. The book then describes the hotspot areas of photo-switchable surfaces and nanomaterials, photochromic-based luminescence/electronic devices and bulk materials together with light-regulated biological and bio-chemical systems. The authors conclude with a focus on current industrial applications and the future outlook for these materials. Written with both senior researchers and entrants to the field in mind.

This three-volume set represents the first comprehensive coverage of the rapidly expanding field of Lewis base catalysis that has attracted enormous attention in recent years. Lewis base catalysis is a conceptually novel paradigm that encompasses an extremely wide variety of preparatively useful transformations and is particularly effective for enantioselectively constructing new stereogenic centers. As electron-pair donors, Lewis bases can influence the rate and stereochemical course of myriad synthetic organic reactions. The book presents the conceptual/mechanistic principles that underlie Lewis base catalysis, and then builds upon that foundation with a thorough presentation of many different reaction types. And last but not least, the editors, Prof. Edwin Vedejs and Prof. Scott E. Denmark, are without doubt the leaders in this emerging field and have compiled high quality contributions from an impressive collection of international experts.

The shift towards being as environmentally-friendly as possible has resulted in the need for this important volume on the topic of biocatalysis. Edited by the father and pioneer of Green Chemistry, Professor Paul Anastas, and by the renowned chemist, Professor Robert Crabtree, this volume covers many different aspects, from industrial applications to the latest research straight from the laboratory. It explains the fundamentals and makes use of everyday examples to elucidate this vitally important field. An essential collection for anyone wishing to gain an understanding of the world of green chemistry, as well as for chemists, environmental agencies and chemical engineers.

This textbook covers the spectrum from basic concepts of photochemistry and photophysics to selected examples of current applications and research. Clearly structured, the first part of the text discusses the formation, properties and reactivity of excited states of inorganic and organic molecules and supramolecular species, as well as experimental techniques. The second part focuses on the photochemical and photophysical processes in nature and artificial systems, using a wealth of examples taken from applications in nature, industry and current research fields, ranging from natural photosynthesis, to photomedicine, polymerizations, photoprotection of materials, holography, luminescence sensors, energy conversion, and storage and sustainability issues. Written by an excellent author team combining scientific experience with didactical writing skills, this is the definitive answer to the needs of students, lecturers and researchers alike going into this interdisciplinary and fast growing field.

There are a large number of books available on fuel cells; however, the majority are on specific types of fuel cells such as solid oxide fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, or on specific technical aspects of fuel cells, e.g., the system or stack engineering. Thus, there is a need for a book focused on materials requirements in fuel cells. Key Materials in Low-Temperature Fuel Cells is a concise source of the most important and key materials and catalysts in low-temperature fuel cells. A related book will cover key materials in high-temperature fuel cells. The two books form part of the'Materials for Sustainable Energy & Development'series. Key Materials in Low-Temperature Fuel Cells brings together world leaders and experts in this field and provides a lucid description of the materials assessment of fuel cell technologies. With an emphasis on the technical development and applications of key materials in low-temperature fuel cells, this text covers fundamental principles, advancement, challenges, and important current research themes. Topics covered include: proton exchange membrane fuel cells, direct methanol and ethanol fuel cells, microfluidic fuel cells, biofuel cells, alkaline membrane fuel cells, functionalized carbon nanotubes as catalyst supports, nanostructured Pt catalysts, non-PGM catalysts, membranes, and materials modeling. This book is an essential reference source for researchers, engineers and technicians in academia, research institutes and industry working in the fields of fuel cells, energy materials, electrochemistry and materials science and engineering.

This ready reference presents environmentally friendly and stereoselective methods of modern biocatalysis. The experienced and renowned team of editors have gathered top international authors for this book. They cover such emerging topics as chemoenzymatic methods and multistep enzymatic reactions, while showing how these novel methods and concepts can be used for practical applications. Multidisciplinary topics, including directed evolution, dynamic kinetic resolution, and continuous-flow methodology are also discussed. From the contents: • Directed Evolution of Ligninolytic Oxidoreductases: from Functional Expression to Stabilization and Beyond • New Trends in the In Situ Enzymatic Recycling of NAD(P)(H) Cofactors • Monooxygenase-Catalyzed Redox Cascade Biotransformations • Biocatalytic Redox Cascades Involving w-Transaminases • Multi-Enzyme Systems and Cascade Reactions Involving Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases • Chemo-Enzymatic Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of Glycoconjugates • Synergies of Chemistry and Biochemistry for the Production of Beta-Amino Acids • Racemizable Acyl Donors for Enzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution • Stereoselective Hydrolase-Catalyzed Processes in Continuous-Flow Mode • Perspectives on Multienzyme Process Technology • Nitrile Converting Enzymes Involved in Natural and Synthetic Cascade Reactions • Mining Genomes for Nitrilases • Key-Study on the Kinetic Aspects of the In-Situ NHase/AMase Cascade System of M. imperiale Resting Cells for Nitrile Bioconversion • Enzymatic Stereoselective Synthesis of Beta-Amino Acids • New Applications of Transketolase: Cascade Reactions for Assay Development • Aldolases as Catalyst for the Synthesis of Carbohydrates and Analogs • Enzymatic Generation of Sialoconjugate Diversity • Methyltransferases in Biocatalysis • Chemoenzymatic Multistep One-Pot Processes

A comprehensive overview of functional nanosystems based on organic and polymeric materials and their impact on current and future research and technology in the highly interdisciplinary field of materials science. As such, this handbook covers synthesis and fabrication methods, as well as properties and characterization of supramolecular architectures. Much of the contents are devoted to existing and emerging applications, such as organic solar cells, transistors, diodes, nanowires and molecular switches. The result is an indispensable resource for materials scientists, organic chemists, molecular physicists and electrochemists looking for a reliable reference on this hot topic.

This new textbook is the successor to the volume'Side Reactions in Organic Synthesis - A Guide to Successful Synthesis Design'(2004), written by the same author. Whereas the predecessor mainly covered the limitations of aliphatic substitution reactions, this new volume focuses on the most important aromatic substitution reactions, both electrophilic and nucleophilic, such as amination reactions, halogenation reactions, Friedel-Crafts acylations, or transition metal-catalyzed arylation reactions. Each chapter not only describes the scope of a specific reaction type, but also reveals what cannot be achieved with this reaction, i.e. what type of side reactions are to be expected with certain starting materials or electrophiles/nucleophiles. With its unique approach, this is a must-have book for graduate students in organic chemistry and synthetic chemists both in academia and industry!

Written by internationally recognized experts in the field with academic as well as industrial experience, this book concisely yet systematically covers all aspects of the topic. The monograph focuses on the optoelectronic behavior of organic solids and their application in new optoelectronic devices. It covers organic field-effect and organic electroluminescent materials and devices, organic photonics, materials and devices, as well as organic solids in photo absorption and energy conversion. Much emphasis is laid on the preparation of functional materials and the fabrication of devices, from materials synthesis and purification, to physicochemical properties and the basic processes and working principles of the devices. The only book to cover fundamentals, applications, and the latest research results, this is a handy reference for both researchers and those new to the field. From the contents: • Electronic process in organic solids • Organic/polymeric semiconductors for field-effect transistors • Organic/polymeric field-effect transistors • Organic circuits and organic single molecular transistors • Polymer light-emitting Diodes (PLEDs): devices and materials • Organic solids for photonics • Organic photonic devices • Organic solar cells based on small molecules • Polymer solar cells • Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) • Organic thermoelectric power devices

An overview of the tremendous potential of organic electronics, concentrating on those emerging topics and technologies that will form the focus of research over the next five to ten years. The young and energetic team of editors with an excellent research track record has brought together internationally renowned authors to review up-and-coming topics, some for the first time, such as organic spintronics, iontronics, light emitting transistors, organic sensors and advanced structural analysis. As a result, this book serves the needs of experienced researchers in organic electronics, graduate students and post-doctoral researchers, as well as scientists active in closely related fields, including organic chemical synthesis, thin film growth and biomaterials. Cover Figure: With kind permission of Matitaccia.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of nucleophilic aromatic substitutions, focusing on the mechanistic and synthetic features that govern these reactions. The first chapter presents a detailed mechanistic analysis of the factors determining the feasibility of SNAr substitutions, providing decisive information to predict regioselectivity of many reactions and to define the conditions for concerted SNAr processes. Reflecting the key role played by these species as intermediates in most SNAr reactions, chapter 2 then discusses the chemistry of anionic sigma-complexes. Chapter 3 describes the concept of superelectrophilicity in SNAr substitutions, as it has recently emerged from the reactivity of strongly electron-deficient aromatic and heteroaromatic structures. The numerous synthetic applications are considered in depth in the chapters 4 and 5 that follow on intermolecular and intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitutions. Then, chapter 6 focuses on substitutions proceeding formally through displacement of a hydride ion, a hot topic in the field. The final chapter brings together concise yet comprehensive discussions surrounding SNAr photosubstitutions, radical substitutions, and ANRORC substitutions. Authored by a highly respected chemist who has contributed greatly to the field over the past two decades, this is a valuable information source for all organic chemists working in academia or the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.

This classical textbook in the best sense of the word is now completely revised, updated and with more than 40% new content. The approved ordering system according to the ring size of the heterocycles has been retained, while the important chapter on'Problems and their Solutions'has been almost completely renewed by introduction of up-to-date scientific exercises, resulting in a great tool for self-testing and exams. There was maintained a chapter on nomenclature and a helpful index of name reactions. With approximately 1,000 new literature citations, this book remains a brilliant gateway to modern heterocyclic science for master and graduate students, as well as PhDs and researchers entering the field.'If you want quick information about the basic (or acidic!) properties of a heterocycle, some interesting facts, or an assorted few ways of making it, this book provides a welcoming, accurate, and concise introduction.'Angewandte Chemie IE'Eicher and Hauptmann provide an up to date introduction to the field for the advanced undergraduate and graduate students.... The book is carefully produced to a very high standard.'European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

The first part of Semiconducting Polymer Composites describes the principles and concepts of semiconducting polymer composites in general, addressing electrical conductivity, energy alignment at interfaces, morphology, energy transfer, percolation theory and processing techniques. In later chapters, different types of polymer composites are discussed: mixtures of semiconducting and insulating or semiconducting and semiconducting components, respectively. These composites are suitable for a variety of applications that are presented in detail, including transistors and solar cells, sensors and detectors, diodes and lasers as well as anti-corrosive and anti-static surface coatings.

This introduction collects 17 innovative approaches to engineer novel and improved proteins for diverse applications in biotechnology, chemistry, bioanalytics and medicine. As such, key developments covered in this reference and handbook include de novo enzyme design, cofactor design and metalloenzymes, extremophile proteins, and chemically resistant proteins for industrial processes. The editors integrate academic innovations and industrial applications so as to arrive at a balanced view of this multi-faceted topic. Throughout, the content is chosen to complement and extend the previously published two-volume handbook by the same editors, resulting in a superb overview of this burgeoning field.

The chemistry of heterocycles is an important branch of organic chemistry. This is due to the fact that a large number of natural products, e. g. hormones, antibiotics, vitamins, etc. are composed of heterocyclic structures. Often, these compounds show beneficial properties and are therefore applied as pharmaceuticals to treat diseases or as insecticides, herbicides or fungicides in crop protection. This volume presents important pharmaceuticals. Each of the 20 chapters covers in a concise manner one class of heterocycles, clearly structuredas follows: • Structural formulas of most important examples (market products) • Short background of history or discovery • Typical syntheses of important examples • Mode of action • Characteristic biological activity • Structure-activity relationship • Additional chemistry information (e.g. further transformations, alternative syntheses, metabolic pathways, etc.) • References. A valuable one-stop reference source for researchers in academia and industry as well as for graduate students with career aspirations in the pharmaceutical chemistry.

Like its predecessor this book is devoted to the materials, manufacturing and applications aspects of organic thin-film transistors. Once again authored by the most renowned experts from this fascinating and fast-moving area of research, it offers a joint perspective both broad and in-depth on the latest developments in the areas of materials chemistry, transport physics, materials characterization, manufacturing technology, and circuit integration of organic transistors. With its many figures and detailed index, this book once again also serves as a ready reference.

Research on organic electronics (or plastic electronics) is driven by the need to create systems that are lightweight, unbreakable, and mechanically flexible. With the remarkable improvement in the performance of organic semiconductor materials during the past few decades, organic electronics appeal to innovative, practical, and broad-impact applications requiring large-area coverage, mechanical flexibility, low-temperature processing, and low cost. Thus, organic electronics appeal to a broad range of electronic devices and products including transistors, diodes, sensors, solar cells, lighting, displays, and electronic identification and tracking devices A number of commercial opportunities have been identified for organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), ranging from flexible displays, electronic paper, radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags, smart cards, to low-cost disposable electronic products, and more are continually being invented as the technology matures. The potential applications for'plastic electronics'are huge but several technological hurdles must be overcome. In many of these applications, transistor serves as a fundamental building block to implement the necessary electronic functionality. Hence, research in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) or organic field effect transistors (OFETs) is eminently pertinent to the development and realization of organic electronics. This book presents a comprehensive investigation of the production and application of a variety of polymer based transistor devices and circuits. It begins with a detailed overview of Organic Thin Film Transistors (OTFTs) and discusses the various possible fabrication methods reported so far. This is followed by two major sections on the choice, optimization and implementation of the gate dielectric material to be used. Details of the effects of processing on the efficiency of the contacts are then provided. The book concludes with a chapter on the integration of such devices to produce a variety of OTFT based circuits and systems. The key objective is to examine strategies to exploit existing materials and techniques to advance OTFT technology in device performance, device manufacture, and device integration. Finally, the collective knowledge from these investigations facilitates the integration of OTFTs into organic circuits, which is expected to contribute to the development of new generation of all-organic displays for communication devices and other pertinent applications. Overall, a major outcome of this work is that it provides an economical means for organic transistor and circuit integration, by enabling the use of a well-established PECVD infrastructure, while not compromising the performance of electronics. The techniques established here are not limited to use in OTFTs only; the organic semiconductor and SiNx combination can be used in other device structures (e.g., sensors, diodes, photovoltaics). Furthermore, the approach and strategy used for interface optimization can be extended to the development of other materials systems.

The long-awaited second edition of the successful book covering molecular switches now in two volumes! Providing principles and applications this book brings you everything you need to know about molecular switches - a hot topic in the nanoworld. The major classes of molecular switches including catenanes, rotaxanes, azobenzenes together with polymer and biomolecular switching systems and DNA based switches are covered. Chemists and material scientists interested in one of the most innovative areas of their science will benefit greatly from reading this book.'This book will appeal most to organic chemists, because of the way new structures are introduced through their synthesis, but it will also provide a useful introduction for other scientists, provided they are conversant with molecular structures.'(Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry)'... a comprehensive and up-to-date insight...'(Chemistry & Industry)

In this exciting 2 volume set, the approach and methodology of bio-inspired synthesis of complex natural products is laid out, backed by abundant practical examples from the authors'own work as well as from the published literature. Volume 1 describes the biomimetic synthesis of alkaloids. Volume 2 covers terpenes, polyketides, and polyphenols. A discussion of the current challenges and frontiers in biomimetic synthesis concludes this comprehensive handbook. Key features: Biomimetic Strategies have become an every-day tool not only for chemists but also for biologists. The synthetic applications are overwhelming, making this comprehensive 2 volume work a must-have for everyone working in the field. Unifying both synthetic and biosynthetic aspects, this book covers everything from organocatalysis and natural product synthesis to synthetic biology and even green chemistry.

Gathering together the widespread literature in the field, this monograph acts as a reference guide to this very important chemical reaction. Following an introduction, the book goes on to discuss methodology, before treating synthetic and industrial applications -- the latter being a new focus in this completely revised, updated and extended second edition. A must-have for organic, natural products and catalytic chemists, as well as those working in industry, of for lecturers in chemistry.

This reference covers the wide and rapidly growing field of biocatalysis. It combines complementary expertise from such areas as microbiology, enzymology, molecular biology structural biology and organic chemistry, thus highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of the subject. With its special focus on progress and new developments towards environmentally beneficial reactions with high levels of selectivity for the production of key compound classes, this book will enlighten both chemists and biologists as to the advances and opportunities existing in enzyme catalysis.

This comprehensive review of cinchona-based chiralilty inducers and their applications covers every topic, including ligands, immobilization and organocatalysis. Each chapter summarizes the scope and limitations of the new methods and technologies, while the final chapter contains carefully selected working procedures of cinchona alkaloid-promoted reactions organized according to reaction type. Invaluable reading for anyone wanting to learn about the current state of this hot topic.

Here, all aspects of the topic are presented in a compact manner. The book is clearly structured, and divided into two sections -- asymmetric synthesis of heterocycles containing only one nitrogen and that of those with more than one nitrogen as a heteroatom -- such that the necessary information may be found at a glance. The international team of authors provides important experimental procedures, including industrial applications. Essential for synthetic chemists in pharmaceutical and agrochemical chemistry.

This first comprehensive book to cover this exciting field also deals with the biological aspects, such as enzymes with iron. Following an introduction, this handy reference and handbook goes on to deal with reductions, oxidations of C, H- and C=C bonds, oxidative allylic oxygenation and amination, the oxidation of heteroatoms, cross coupling reactions, aromatic and nucleophilic substitutions, addition to carbonyl compounds, and cyclisations as well as ring opening reactions. The chapters are clearly classified according to the reaction type, allowing readers to quickly locate the desired information.

Perfect for biochemists, synthetic and organic chemists, this book covers all important reactions, including C-C coupling reactions, oxidation reactions and many more. Divided into two parts, the first section on methodology presents new innovative methods for enzymatic catalysis optimization, including such new trends as medium engineering, directed evolution and computer-aided prediction of enantioselectivity. The second and main section deals with applications to synthesis, showing important reaction types and their applications. Only those reactions with very high selectivity are presented, allowing readers to improve their own reaction yields.

Targeted at a broad audience ranging from chemists and biochemists to physicists and engineers, this book covers advanced research while being written in an easily understandable language accessible to any interested researcher or graduate student. Following an introduction to the general concepts, the authors go on to discuss devices for processing electrons and electronic energy, memories, logic gates and related systems, and, finally, molecular-scale machines.

Closing a gap in the literature, this comprehensive book examines and discusses different non-aqueous systems from organic solvents to ionic liquids for synthetic applications, thus opening the door to new successful methods for biocatalytic reactions. It gathers into one handy source the information otherwise widely spread throughout the literature, combining useful background information with a number of synthetic examples, including industrial scale processes for pharmaceutical and fine chemicals. Extremely well structured, the text introduces the fundamentals of non-aqueous enzymology, before going on to new reaction media and synthetic applications using hydrolases and non-hydrolytic enzymes. The one-stop reference for everyone working in this hot field.

The first comprehensive coverage of this unique and interdisciplinary field provides a complete overview, covering such topics as chemoenzymatic synthesis, microbial production of DNA building blocks, asymmetric transformations by coupled enzymes and much more. By combining enzymatic and synthetic organic steps, the use of multi-enzyme complexes and other techniques opens the door to reactions hitherto unknown, making this monograph of great interest to biochemists, organic chemists, and chemists working with/on organometallics, as well as catalytic chemists, biotechnologists, and those working in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries.

Edited and written by the leading researchers and engineers from such companies as Philips, 3M, Xerox, Infineon, PlasticLogic, Eastman Kodak, Dupont, AIXTRON, and Hueck Folien, this book presents unrivalled and undiluted expertise from those who know best how to assess the risks, opportunities and where this technology is really heading. As such, this practical approach complements the more scientific and fundamentals-oriented literature on the market by providing readers with a first-hand insight into industrial activities to commercialize organic electronics. Following an introduction to the topic, including the history, motivation, benefits and potentials, it reviews recent advances and covers all three important facets of organic electronics: the chemical compounds and materials, manufacturing techniques, and the resulting devices together with their current applications.

Written by a global team of top managers and senior McKinsey experts, this expanded and completely revised second edition provides a wide-ranging manual on the subject of value creation in the chemical industry. Drawing on extensive first-hand management experience, several hundred consulting engagements, and in-depth research projects, the authors outline the key ingredients for managing chemical companies successfully. The book addresses in detail key issues of strategy and industry structure, describes best practice in the core functions of the chemical business system, looks at the state of the art in organization and post-merger management, and covers a selection of the most important current topics such as industrial biotechnology, the role of private equity, and the chemical landscape in China. Although mainly directed at executives and managers in the chemical industry, the knowledge contained in this comprehensive overview will also benefit scientists, engineers, investors, students, and anyone else dealing with management issues in this sector.

Here, Professor J. Otera brings together for the first time the combined knowledge about this elementary yet multifaceted reaction. Starting from the methodical basics right up to practical applications, this book represents a comprehensive overview of this type of reaction, saving readers time-consuming research among the literature - and not just in practical matters. All set to become a standard reference for every organic chemist. From the contents: METHODOLOGY Reaction of Alcohols with Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Reactions with Carboxylic Acids Reaction with Esters: Transesterification Reaction with Acid Anhydrides Reaction with Acid Halides and Related Compounds Conversion of Alcohols to Esters through Carbonylation SYNTHETIC APPLICATIONS Kinetic Resolution Enzymatic Resolution Nonenzymatic Resolution Asymmetric Desymmetrization Deacetylation through Transesterification Selective Esterification Applications to Natural Product Synthesis New Reaction Media Industrial Uses

The long-awaited volume on synthetic chemistry in the series'Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry'is now available. In the pharmaceutical industry, computational methods play a major role in the discovery and development of new drugs. Yet, the SYNTHESIS of these compounds still remains the most crucial topic in drug design. Written by an internationally renowned team of authors and editors from academia and industry, this volume describes all recent developments in organic synthetic methodology which are essential for pharmaceutical research. The most modern synthetic developments of pharmacologically interesting compounds (carbohydrates and nucleotides) as well as important synthetic methods such as combinatorial chemistry, solid-phase reactions, bioassisted organic synthesis and asymmetric synthesis are critically discussed. Special emphasis is given to a hands-on practical approach which enables researchers to apply the featured methods immediately to their specific problems. Also, the detailed presentation of the topic and the selection of references will be of help to any researcher working in the laboratory.

When Wittig first developed and described phosphorus ylides, nobody could have imagined how useful and versatile this class of compounds could be. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date compilation of the chemistry and applications of phosphorus ylides in organic synthesis. The ylides are discussed as reagents in the synthesis of a broad range of substances, amongst them olefins, acetylenes, cyclic and heterocyclic compounds, in such naturally occurring compounds as pheromones, steroids and carotenoids, and pharmaceutically and biologically active compounds such as antibiotics and prostaglandins. A particularly beneficial feature of this book is the 150 key experimental procedures with all the necessary data, allowing the preparation to start immediately without the need for an extremely time-consuming literature search. But should a search prove inevitable, around 2,500 references provide easy access to the primary literature. Every chemist in academia and industry working in organic, bioorganic, inorganic, and medicinal chemistry will welcome this book as an inspiration of concepts, ideas and practical syntheses.

This first concise handbook on this important new class of organic conducting materials gives a broad survey over this emerging field of research. The physical background is covered as well as the synthesis, electronic and nonlinear optical properties and applications of these advanced materials. This information will be of high value for graduate students, researchers and practitioners working in the interdisciplinary field of materials science, polymer and organic chemistry and applied physics.