1. Optimization of calyculin A-induced premature chromosome condensation assay for chromosome aberration studies.
- Author
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Miura T and Blakely WF
- Subjects
- Biological Assay, Cell Cycle drug effects, Cell Cycle radiation effects, Cells, Cultured, Chromosomes, Human drug effects, Gamma Rays adverse effects, Humans, Leukocytes, Mononuclear drug effects, Marine Toxins, Mitogens pharmacology, Radiation Injuries genetics, Chromosome Aberrations radiation effects, Chromosomes, Human radiation effects, Leukocytes, Mononuclear radiation effects, Oxazoles pharmacology, Radiation Injuries diagnosis
- Abstract
Calyculin A-induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) assay is a simple and useful method to assess structural and numerical chromosome aberrations in cells. Our hypothesis in this study is that suboptimum calyculin A induction of PCC resulting in fuzzy compactness and/or shortened length chromosomes would decrease the detection sensitivity of numerical and structural chromosome aberrations such as small PCC rings and small excess fragments. In this study, an optimization of calyculin A exposure on chromosome morphology and PCC induction frequency was investigated using a human peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) ex vivo irradiation ((60) Co-γ rays; ∼0.6 Gy/min; 0-30 Gy) model. Treatment with calyculin A (50 nM) for 15 and 30 min resulted in 11.3 ± 2.7 and 9.9 ± 1.6-fold increases in the frequency of G(2) /M-PCC cells with extended length chromosomes compared with the 60-min treated group over a broad dose range (0 to 20 Gy), respectively. The G(2) /M-PCC scoring index per PCC in 15- and 30-min treated groups was increased by 1.9 ± 0.2 (P = 0.001) and 1.8 ± 0.2 (P = 0.001) compared with the 60-min treated group over 0-20 Gy, respectively. The G(2) /M-PCC efficiency of 30-min treated group was highest in the three conditions (i.e., 15-, 30-, and 60-min treatment) of calyculin A exposure. Calyculin A (50 nM) treatment for 30 min before the 48-h harvest of mitogen-stimulated human PBL is optimum for the formation of suitable chromosome morphology necessary to assess structural chromosome aberrations induced by exposure to radiation using the chemical induced-PCC assay. Published 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., (Published 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
- Published
- 2011
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