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BACKGROUND: Early weaning is prone to damage intestinal barrier function, resulting in diarrhea, whereas rutin, as a natural flavonoid with multiple biological functions, shows potential in piglets. Therefore, the effects of dietary rutin on growth, antidiarrheal, barrier function, antioxidant status and cecal microbiota of weaned piglets were investigated with the control group (CON) (basal diet) and Rutin (basal diet+500 mg kg−1 rutin) groups fed for 14 days. RESULTS: The results showed that dietary 500 mg kg−1 rutin significantly decreased diarrhea index, serum diamine oxidase activity and total aerobic bacterial population in mesenteric lymph nodes, whereas it significantly increased the gain‐to‐feed ratio (G:F) and serum growth hormone content, jejunal villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio, and also enhanced jejunal claudin‐1 and zonula occludens‐1 mRNA and protein expression. Meanwhile, dietary rutin significantly decreased inflammation‐associated mRNA expression, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, swollen mitochondrial number and mitochondrial area in the jejunum, whereas it increased the total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities and activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Moreover, dietary rutin significantly increased Firmicutes abundance and decreased Campylobacterota abundance, which were closely associated with the decreased diarrhea index and MDA content or increased Claudin‐1 expression and T‐SOD activity. CONCLUSION: Dietary 500 mg kg−1 rutin increased G:F by improving intestinal morphology, and alleviated diarrhea by enhancing intestinal barrier, which might be associated with the enhanced antioxidant capacity via activating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and the improved cecal microbial composition in weaned piglets. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terahertz (THz) radiation sources based on two‐color femtosecond plasmas in air are becoming a mature technology for coherent spectroscopy and strong‐field physics across the extended THz range to several tens of THz. The field‐resolved detection of such THz transients relies on the third‐order nonlinearity of the detection medium. Here, a comparative measurement is demonstrated with air‐biased coherent detection (ABCD) and solid‐state biased detection (SSBCD) as a novel method to measure the dispersion of the magnitude and phase of the relevant third‐order nonlinearity χ(3)(2ω±Ω;ω,ω,±Ω)$\chi ^{(3)}(2\omega \pm \Omega;\omega,\omega,\pm \Omega)$ for fused silica (SiO2${\rm SiO}_2$) and silicon nitride (SiN). Based on the development of the ultrabroadband SSBCD device with a detection bandwidth exceeding 30 THz, χ(3)$\chi ^{(3)}$ measurements are obtained across the 1–28 THz frequency range, hence covering the THz and far‐infrared. It is shown that the vibrational modes in SiO2${\rm SiO}_2$ and SiN in the THz range lead to strong resonant enhancement and dispersion of the nonlinearity. The SSBCD devices operate down to nanojoule (nJ) probe energy, and their is demonstrated by measuring the dielectric function of the Lorentzian line profile of transverse‐optical (TO) phonon mode at 9 THz in single‐crystal gallium arsenide (GaAs) and observing the weak phonon combination bands near the TO phonon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salidroside, a principal bioactive component of Rhodiola crenulata, is neuroprotective across a wide time window in stroke models. We investigated whether salidroside induced neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia and aimed to identify its primary molecular targets. Rats, subjected to transient 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), received intraperitoneal vehicle or salidroside ± intracerebroventricular HSC70 inhibitor VER155008 or TrkB inhibitor ANA‐12 for up to 7 days. MRI, behavioural tests, immunofluorescent staining and western blotting measured effects of salidroside. Reverse virtual docking and enzymatic assays assessed interaction of salidroside with purified recombinant HSC70. Salidroside dose‐dependently decreased cerebral infarct volumes and neurological deficits, with maximal effects by 50 mg/kg/day. This dose also improved performance in beam balance and Morris water maze tests. Salidroside significantly increased BrdU+/nestin+, BrdU+/DCX+, BrdU+/NeuN+, BrdU−/NeuN+ and BDNF+ cells in the peri‐infarct cortex, with less effect in striatum and no significant effect in the subventricular zone. Salidroside was predicted to bind with HSC70. Salidroside dose‐dependently increased HSC70 ATPase and HSC70‐dependent luciferase activities, but it did not activate HSP70. HSC70 immunoreactivity concentrated in the peri‐infarct cortex and was unchanged by salidroside. However, VER155008 prevented salidroside‐dependent increases of neurogenesis, BrdU−/NeuN+ cells and BDNF+ cells in peri‐infarct cortex. Salidroside also increased BDNF protein and p‐TrkB/TrkB ratio in ischemic brain, changes prevented by VER155008 and ANA‐12, respectively. Additionally, ANA‐12 blocked salidroside‐dependent neurogenesis and increased BrdU−/NeuN+ cells in the peri‐infarct cortex. Salidroside directly activates HSC70, thereby stimulating neurogenesis and neuroprotection via BDNF/TrkB signalling after MCAO. Salidroside and similar activators of HSC70 might provide clinical therapies for ischemic stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Valence tuning of transition metal oxides is an effective approach to design high‐performance catalysts, particularly for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that underpins solar/electric water splitting and metal‐air batteries. Recently, high‐valence oxides (HVOs) are reported to show superior OER performance, in association with the fundamental dynamics of charge transfer and the evolution of the intermediates. Particularly considered are the adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) and the lattice oxygen‐mediated mechanism (LOM). High‐valence states enhance the OER performance mainly by optimizing the eg‐orbital filling, promoting the charge transfer between the metal d band and oxygen p band. Moreover, HVOs usually show an elevated O 2p band, which triggers the lattice oxygen as the redox center and enacts the efficient LOM pathway to break the "scaling" limitation of AEM. In addition, oxygen vacancies, induced by the overall charge‐neutrality, also promote the direct oxygen coupling in LOM. However, the synthesis of HVOs suffers from relatively large thermodynamic barrier, which makes their preparation difficult. Hence, the synthesis strategies of the HVOs are discussed to guide further design of the HVO electrocatalysts. Finally, further challenges and perspectives are outlined for potential applications in energy conversion and storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary rutin on the meat quality, antioxidant status and mitochondrial structure and function in the breast muscle of heat‐stressed broilers. A total of 192 male broilers were randomly assigned into three groups and treated with normal control (CON), heat stress (34 °C, HS), and HS with 500 mg kg−1 rutin supplementation (HS + Rutin), respectively. RESULTS: Dietary rutin significantly reversed HS‐induced decrease in body weight, average daily feed intake, average daily gain, and feed efficiency. Rutin supplementation attenuated HS‐induced impaired meat quality by decreasing the lightness, drip loss at 24 and 48 h, the peak time of free water (T22) and the peak area ratio of free water (P22), and increasing the pH24h and peak area ratio of immobilized water (P21). Rutin supplementation promoted superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities and total antioxidant capacity, and decreased malondialdehyde levels compared with the HS group. Moreover, rutin attenuated HS‐induced mitochondrial damage by increasing the mitochondrial DNA copy number and improving mitochondrial morphology. Dietary rutin significantly increased mitochondrial biogenesis‐related mRNA (proliferator‐activated γ receptor coactivator‐1α [PGC‐1α], nuclear respiratory factor 1 [NRF1], and mitochondrial transcription factor A [TFAM]) expression via the AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. HS significantly increased mitophagy‐related genes and proteins (Parkin, PTEN‐induced putative kinase 1 [PINK1], microtubule associated protein light chain 3‐II [LC3‐II]) expression, and dietary rutin significantly reversed these alterations. CONCLUSION: Dietary rutin attenuated the HS‐induced decline in meat quality and antioxidant capacity of broilers, which may be related to inhibition of the AMPK/PINK1–Parkin signaling pathway to attenuate mitochondrial damage. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method is presented to manipulate the final morphology of roll‐to‐roll slot‐die coated poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) by optically exciting the p‐type polymer in solution while coating. These results provide a comprehensive picture of the entire knowledge chain, from demonstrating how to apply the authors' method to a fundamental understanding of the changes in morphology and physical properties induced by exciting P3HT while coating. By combining results from density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations with a variety of X‐ray experiments, absorption spectroscopy, and THz spectroscopy, the relationship between morphology and physical properties of the thin film is demonstrated. Specifically, in P3HT films excited with light during deposition, changes in crystallinity and texture with more face‐on orientation and increased out‐of‐plane charge mobility are observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Broad bean fermentation is of vital importance in PixianDouban (PXDB) production, as well as a key process for microorganisms to degrade protein, which lays the foundation for the formation of PXDB flavor. In this study, two fungi and bacteria were screened, and their morphology, molecular biology, growth, and enzyme production characteristics were analyzed, and then they were applied to the broad bean fermentation simulation system. The protein, peptide, amino acid, amino nitrogen, and sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) in the system were evaluated. The results showed that the four microorganisms were Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus jensenii, Staphylococcus gallinarum, and Enterobacter hormaeche. Aspergillus oryzae had the highest protease activity at pH 7.0, while the other three strains had better enzyme activity stability under neutral acidic conditions. And the total protein (F1 and F2 were 18.32 g/100 g, 19.15 g/100 g, respectively), peptides (11.79 ± 0.04 mg/g and 12.06 ± 0.04 mg/g), and amino acids (55.12 ± 2.78 mg/g and 54.11 ± 1.97 mg/g) of the fungus experimental groups (F) were higher than the bacterial experimental groups (B). In addition, the enzyme system produced by fungi exhibited a stronger ability for albumin (20 kDa) and glutenin (<30 kDa) deterioration in neutral conditions, while the bacterial enzyme system was more efficient in degrading albumin (<30 kDa) and glutenin (20–30 kDa) in acidic conditions, as indicated by SDS‐PAGE. These findings showed that both bacteria and fungi played an important role in the degradation of protein in different fermentation stages of broad bean fermentation. Practical applications: There is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the protein composition and protein degradation mechanism of broad beans in the fermentation stage of PXDB. This research work explored the differences in the degradation of PXDB fermented protein by different microorganisms, and provided a theoretical basis for optimizing the production of PXDB and improving the quality of PXDB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrathin inorganic nanosheets (e.g., 2D nanomaterials, thin films, etc.) have attracted tremendous research interest because of their unique properties and promising applications. However, because of their ultrathin thickness (<100 nm) and low flexural rigidity, it is difficult to manufacture low‐dimensional structures using these nanosheets. In this work, the observation of an intriguing elasto‐capillary unfolding phenomenon is first reported which occurs on a variety of freestanding inorganic nanosheets floating on a liquid surface. Through theoretical modeling and experiments, it is demonstrated that one can easily unfold, re‐roll, and transport different kinds of nanosheets by tuning the interfacial properties of the liquid. As a result, one can assemble nanosheets on the liquid surface into small structures (e.g., heterogeneous scrolls, optical resonators) and/or transfer them out of the liquid surface onto other surfaces for the manufacturing of flexible devices. The outcome of this research paves the way for nano‐manufacturing of low‐dimensional structures with ultrathin inorganic nanosheets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphologically and dimensionally controlled growth of Ag nanocrystals has long been plagued by surfactants or capping agents that complicate downstream applications, unstable Ag salts that impaired the reproducibility, and multistep seed injection that is troublesome and time‐consuming. Here, we report a one‐pot electro‐chemical method to fast (∼2 min) produce Ag nanoparticles from commercial bulk Ag materials in a nitric acid solution, eliminating any need for surfactants or capping agents. Their size can be easily manipulated in an unprecedentedly wide range from 35 to 660 nm. Furthermore, the Ag nanoparticles are directly grown on the Ag substrate, highly desirable for promising applications such as catalysis and plasmonics. The mechanistic studies reveal that the concentration of Ag+ in the diffusion layer nearby the surface, controlled by the magnitude and duration of voltage, is critical in governing the nanoparticle formation (<1.3 mM) and its dimensional adjustability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The expansion of GGC repeat in the 5' untranslated region of the NOTCH2NLC has been associated with various neurogenerative disorders of the central nervous system and, more recently, oculopharyngodistal myopathy. This study aimed to report patients with distal weakness with both neuropathic and myopathic features on electrophysiology and pathology who present GGC repeat expansions in the NOTCH2NLC. Methods: Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and long‐read sequencing were implemented to identify the candidate genes. In addition, the available clinical data and the pathological changes associated with peripheral nerve and muscle biopsies were reviewed and studied. Results: We identified and validated GGC repeat expansions of NOTCH2NLC in three unrelated patients who presented with progressive weakness predominantly affecting distal lower limb muscles, following negative results in an initial WES. We found intranuclear inclusions with multiple proteins deposits in the nuclei of both myofibers and Schwann cells. The clinical features of these patients are compatible with the diagnosis of distal motor neuropathy and rimmed vacuolar myopathy. Interpretation: These phenotypes enrich the class of features associated with NOTCH2NLC‐related repeat expansion disorders (NRED), and provide further evidence that the neurological symptoms of NRED include not only brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves damage, but also myopathy, and that overlapping symptoms might exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel type of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIP) as the solid‐phase extraction sorbent was prepared, which can extract effectively the allocryptopine from the waster of Macleaya cordata (Willd) R. Br. In this study, MMIP was synthesized by using Fe3O4@SiO2, 4‐vinyl‐pyridine, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and allocryptopine, and these ingredients worked as magnetic core, functional monomer, cross‐linker, and template, respectively. Concluded by the calculation of Gaussian 09 software, different ratio models of 4‐vinyl‐pyridine and allocryptopine were simulated, and the optimal ratio was 1:5 and the energy was −2205.34 kJ/mol. Transmission electron microscopy, vibration sample magnetometry, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to determine the morphology and structure of MMIP. Furthermore, the results of adsorption experiments indicated that MMIP had high selectivity, excellent recyclability, and good adsorption performance (9.86 mg/g, 298 K). The adsorption process was consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm (R2 > 0.98, 298 K) and pseudo‐second‐order kinetics model (R2 > 0.99, 298 K). After six times adsorption‐desorption experiments, the adsorption amount of MMIP only reduced to 8.5%. In the experiments of selective adsorption, MMIP has better adsorption properties for allocryptopine (ALL, C21H23NO5) than those having the same functional group. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.4 μg/mL. The relative standard deviation ranged from 0.09% to 0.72%. The recovery of allocryptopine in samples ranged from 93.60% to 106.19%. In addition, the synthesized complex had a certain adsorption effect on allocryptopine separating from the wastewater of Macleaya cordata (Willd) R. Br. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mutations in the fused in sarcoma (FUS) gene have been associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and essential tremor. Among the FUS mutations, p.P525L as a hot spot variant has been reported in more than 20 patients with ALS. Apart from the typical ALS phenotype, patients with p.P525L mutation exhibit some atypical symptoms. However, movement disorders related to p.P525L mutation have not been emphasized currently. Methods: Two unrelated patients with ALS were evaluated through a set of clinical and laboratory tests. The genetic screening was performed through next‐generation sequencing. Muscle biopsies were performed on the 2 patients. Muscle samples were stained according to standard histological and immunohistochemical procedures. Results: The first patient presented with juvenile‐onset neurogenic weakness and wasting and simultaneously had dropped head, ophthalmoplegia, tremor, involuntary movements, and cognitive impairments. The second patient showed a typical ALS phenotype and prominent adventitious movements. Genetic screening disclosed de novo p.P525L FUS mutation in the 2 patients by family cosegregation analysis. Muscle biopsy showed neurogenic patterns and numerous lipid droplets aggregating in the fibers. Conclusion: Apart from the typical ALS phenotype, patients with p.P525L mutation in the FUS gene can present with great clinical heterogeneity including multiple movement disorders. Numerous lipid droplets in muscle fibers indicate that skeletal muscle is likely an important therapeutic target for ALS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hot carriers (HCs) and thermal effects, stemming from plasmon decays, are crucial for most plasmonic applications. However, quantifying these two effects remains extremely challenging due to the experimental difficulty in accurately measuring the temperature at reaction sites. Herein, we provide a novel strategy to disentangle HCs from photothermal effects based on the different traits of heat dissipation (long range) and HCs transport (short range), and quantitatively uncover the dominant and potential‐dependent role of photothermal effect by investigating the rapid‐ and slow‐response currents in plasmon‐mediated electrochemistry at nanostructured Ag electrode. Furthermore, the plasmoelectric surface potential is found to contribute to the rapid‐response currents, which is absent in the previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the effects of maximum load, load ratio, and average load on fatigue crack propagation of Zr702/TA2/Q345R composite plate with a crack normal to the interface are studied by experiment and finite element method. When crack propagates to the interface from the compliant material side, the crack growth rate decreases to the minimum at first. After crack penetrates through the interface, the fatigue crack growth rate accelerates continuously. When crack propagates to the interface from the stiff material side, the fatigue crack growth rate generally increases with the crack length. Regardless of the direction of crack growth, the increase of load ratio will weaken the difference of crack growth rate near the interface caused by material property mismatch. Finite element results show that elastic modulus mismatch significantly changes the variation of the stress intensity factor amplitude. All results demonstrate that crack growth rate is dependent on the competition of the stress intensity factor amplitude, the fatigue crack growth rate in the corresponding material, and the interface strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A sodium chloride crystal‐driven spontaneous ′hot spot′ structure was demonstrated as a SERS‐active platform, to get reproducible SERS signals, and eliminate the need for mapping large areas, in comparison with solution phase testing. During the process of solvent evaporation, the crystals produced induced silver aggregates to assemble around themselves. The micro‐scale crystals can also act as a template to obtain an optical position, such that the assembled hot area is conveniently located during SERS measurements. More importantly, the chloride ions added in colloids can also replace the citrate and on the surface of the silver sol, and further decrease the background interference. High quality SERS spectra from heroin, methamphetamine (MAMP), and cocaine have been obtained on the crystal‐driven hot spot structure with high sensitivity and credible reproducibility. This approach can not only bring the nanoparticles to form plasmonic hot spots in a controlled way, and thus provide high sensitivity, but also potentially be explored as an active substrate for label‐free detection of other illicit drugs or additives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Liquid interfacial self‐assembly of metal nanoparticles holds great promise for its various applications, such as in tunable optical devices, plasmonics, sensors, and catalysis. However, the construction of large‐area, ordered, anisotropic, nanoparticle monolayers and the acquisition of self‐assembled interface films are still significant challenges. Herein, a rapid, validated method to fabricate large‐scale, close‐packed nanomaterials at the cyclohexane/water interface, in which hydrophilic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide coated nanoparticles and gold nanorods (AuNRs) self‐assemble into densely packed 2D arrays by regulating the surface ligand and suitable inducer, is reported. Decorating AuNRs with polyvinylpyrrolidone not only extensively decreases the charge of AuNRs, but also diminishes repulsive forces. More importantly, a general, facile, novel technique to transfer an interfacial monolayer through a designed in situ reaction cell linked to a microfluidic chip is revealed. The self‐assembled nanofilm can then automatically settle on the substrate and be directly detected in the reaction cell in situ by means of a portable Raman spectrometer. Moreover, a close‐packed monolayer of self‐assembled AuNRs provides massive, efficient hotspots to create great surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement, which provides high sensitivity and reproducibility as the SERS‐active substrate. Furthermore, this strategy was exploited to detect drug molecules in human urine for cyclohexane‐extracted targets acting as the oil phase to form an oil/water interface. A portable Raman spectrometer was employed to detect methamphetamine down to 100 ppb levels in human urine, exhibiting excellent practicability. As a universal platform, handy tool, and fast pretreatment method with a good capability for drug detection in biological systems, this technique shows great promise for rapid, credible, and on‐spot drug detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a challenge to develop a robust sensor for simple, rapid operation and sensitive detection of neurotransmitters in complex specimens. Herein, ferric citrate functionalized gold nanoparticles (CA-FeIII/Au NPs) are utilized to develop a facile sensor based on surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) for sensitive detection of dopamine (DA). The sensor is prepared by decorating the acupuncture needle with Au NPs, which enables sufficient surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy enhancement. The CA-FeIII structure is highly sensitive and selective for DA due to the formation of the CA-FeIII-DA resonant structure; this indicates the advantages of capturing, carrying, and separating DA molecules from complicated samples in a simple operation. Furthermore, the practical application of the fabricated sensor is validated by the detection of DA in pretreated serum and cerebrospinal fluid of acupuncture-treated mice with detection limits of 0.1 and 2.5 n m DA, respectively. The developed active acupuncture needle sensor has potential benefits for sensitive detection and qualitative identification of DA molecules from biological samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rotation capacity of reinforced concrete ( RC) beams is a vital property for its relationships with moment redistribution, energy absorbability, and so on. Evaluation of the rotation capacity has been one of the classic and intractable problems in structural engineering over the past decades. The precise prediction about rotational behavior of a RC beam is the primary basis of quantifying its rotation capacity. In this paper a displacement-based finite layer element method considering the factors of flexural cracks, concrete crushing, and pre-and postyield behavior of bond is presented to predict the rotational behavior. In conclusion, it shows good agreement between simulation results, implemented by the proposed method, and the test results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quaternary chalcogenide Cu2FeSnS4 is important and interesting owing to its many advantageous characteristics for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications, such as a suitable direct band gap (1.0-1.5 eV), low toxicity, and a relatively high abundance of the elements in the Earth's crust. To date, most of the reports on Cu2FeSnS4 have focused on the synthetic method and optical properties, and few studies have comprehensively and systematically reported the growth mechanism of Cu2FeSnS4 nanoparticles. Therefore, we have synthesized Cu2FeSnS4 nanocrystals by a simple hot-injection method and performed detailed characterizations. Raman spectroscopy is a characterization tool to differentiate the mixed-composition phases in the synthetic pathway of Cu2FeSnS4 nanocrystals, which cannot be efficiently distinguished by X-ray diffraction. A possible synthesis mechanism for Cu2FeSnS4 has been proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A search library about benzylisoquinoline alkaloids was established based on preparation of alkaloid fractions from Rhizoma coptidis, Cortex phellodendri, and Rhizoma corydalis. In this work, two alkaloid fractions from each herbal medicine were first prepared based on selective separation on the 'click' binaphthyl column. And then these alkaloid fractions were analyzed on C18 column by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Many structure-related compounds were included in these alkaloids fractions, which led to easy separation and good MS response in further work. Therefore, a search library of 52 benzylisoquinoline alkaloids was established, which included eight aporphine, 19 tetrahydroprotoberberine, two protopine, two benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline, and 21 protoberberine alkaloids. The information of the search library contained compound names, structures, retention times, accurate masses, fragmentation pathways of benzylisoquionline alkaloids, and their sources from three herbal medicines. Using such a library, the alkaloids, especially those trace and unknown components in some herbal medicine could be accurately and quickly identified. In addition, the distribution of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in the herbal medicines could be also summarized by searching the source samples in the library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metallic nanoparticle, electrochemical method, morphological control, silver nanoparticle, diffusion layer Front Cover: Facile Surfactant-, Reductant-, and Ag Salt-free Growth of Ag Nanoparticles with Controllable Size from 35 to 660 nm on Bulk Ag Materials (Chem. Keywords: metallic nanoparticle; electrochemical method; morphological control; silver nanoparticle; diffusion layer EN metallic nanoparticle electrochemical method morphological control silver nanoparticle diffusion layer 2154 2154 1 08/19/21 20210816 NES 210816 B The front cover, illustrating a Chinese Shuimo (ink wash)-style painting of grapes, b represents Ag nanoparticles grown on bulk Ag metal, with a Chinese calligraphy (Ag) and a stamp of the stylized Ag element from the periodic table in the lower right side. [Extracted from the article]