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Summary: Root lodging poses a major threat to maize production, resulting in reduced grain yield and quality, and increased harvest costs.Here, we combined expressional, genetic, and cytological studies to demonstrate a role of ZmYUC2 and ZmYUC4 in regulating gravitropic response of the brace root and lodging resistance in maize.We show that both ZmYUC2 and ZmYUC4 are preferentially expressed in root tips with partially overlapping expression patterns, and the protein products of ZmYUC2 and ZmYUC4 are localized in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum, respectively. The Zmyuc4 single mutant and Zmyuc2/4 double mutant exhibit enlarged brace root angle compared with the wild‐type plants, with larger brace root angle being observed in the Zmyuc2/4 double mutant. Consistently, the brace root tips of the Zmyuc4 single mutant and Zmyuc2/4 double mutant accumulate less auxin and are defective in proper reallocation of auxin in response to gravi‐stimuli. Furthermore, we show that the Zmyuc4 single mutant and the Zmyuc2/4 double mutant display obviously enhanced root lodging resistance.Our combined results demonstrate that ZmYUC2‐ and ZmYUC4‐mediated local auxin biosynthesis is required for normal gravity response of the brace roots and provide effective targets for breeding root lodging resistant maize cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new water-soluble benzodiazepine derivative, CNS 7056 (named as remimazolam), has been undergoing many reactions in recent years to provide an intravenous agent with a predictable fast-onset, short duration of action, and rapid recovery profile. Based on the structure of CNS 7056 with proven activity, seven new CNS 7056 derivatives were designed, and their sedative activities upon mouse, rats, and rabbits were examined. Sedative activities of EL -001˜007 were screened. The results indicated that the shorter the side chain at C3 position is, the higher the sedative activity is. EL -001 was chosen as the optimal compound for studies of ED50, LD50, latency to LRR and the duration of LRR, and its anesthetic activity was compared with that of CNS 7056 in rats and rabbits. Studies showed that EL -001 is a potent sedative in rodent and lagomorpha, with a short duration of action. Compared with CNS 7056, EL -001 has a shorter period of induction despite a slightly longer sedative duration and recovery time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compound (I) shows high affinity for dopamine D2 and D3, serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C receptors with a low affinity for the H1 receptor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]