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Optimal coordination is essential for multi‐automated guided vehicle (AGV) systems, particularly in logistic transportation cases, where the system task completion time needs to be minimized, with the guarantee of safe operation. This is because an optimal coordination strategy (OCS), if achieved, can significantly improve the transportation system's efficiency. In this paper, to deal with the dynamic interaction process among AGVs, and sensing and communication range limits, we formulate the optimal coordination problem into a distributed differential game (DDG) framework, where individual AGVs only use information communicated from nearby AGVs to design their optimal operation trajectories. This helps to significantly reduce the computational and communication requirements for the multi‐AGV logistic transportation systems. Targeting operation safety and working efficiency requirements, we incorporate collision avoidance and trajectory optimization objectives into the proposed framework. It is shown that local OCS, obtained by solving the DDG problem for each AGV, will converge to the global Nash equilibrium, which represents the most efficient operating condition for the entire logistic transportation system. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed method is demonstrated, based on simulations and experiments, benchmarked with existing logistic warehousing planning and differential game methods. Compared with conventional methods, the proposed framework successfully helps reduce the task completion time by up to 16%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional approaches for monitoring human gait have severe spatial and temporal restrictions with complex analysis methods and high cost, which are powerless to promote the development of intelligent life involving fitness, sport training, and healthcare. Herein, a portable smart insole system with high spatial resolution and simple manufacturing process to measure plantar pressure distribution anytime, anywhere for gait analysis is proposed. An insole‐shaped array of 104 piezoresistive sensors with highly robust characteristics is assembled, exhibiting a good pressure‐sensing uniformity. The smart insole not only detects the subtle displacement of the center of gravity of the body, but also exhibits a real‐time, high‐resolution thermodynamic diagram of the plantar pressure distribution during human activities. More importantly, the function of motion intelligence identification can be realized by regionalizing and digitizing the whole plantar pressure distribution, achieving an average recognition accuracy of 83.32% among six predefined motions. These results imply that the carbon fiber‐based smart insole can provide an effective approach for convenient gait analysis and motion identification, which has a great potential in the application of future intelligent life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wave energy converter (WEC) control problem aims to make the best use of wave excitation to maximize energy capture and ensure safe operation across a broad range of sea states. This falls into the recently developed economic model predictive control (EMPC) framework, subject to wave excitation being treated as a predictable additive disturbance in the control problem. However, there are few theoretical developments on EMPC theory that can be directly used, as the persistent disturbances bring nontrivial problems to optimal operation, safety etc. Whilst the disturbance is beneficial for the energy production objective, it may cause safe operation problems. This article develops a systematic WEC EMPC design approach for WECs with essential linear hydrodynamical characteristics. By introducing terminal weight and terminal state constraint design into the WEC EMPC structure, important features such as convexity, satisfaction of safety constraints, and recursive feasibility can be guaranteed. Contrary to our intuition, we show that (1) the proposed EMPC with a terminal weight provides an unbiased estimate of the ideal conceptual infinite horizon solution, and (2) the WEC operational range, in terms of the operational sea states, is extended by imposing a terminal constraint. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to verify the efficacy of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) plays essential roles in the proliferation of skeletal muscle satellite cells (MuSCs). Increasing evidence has shown that IGF2BP1 regulates the expression of noncoding RNAs and mRNAs. However, the related molecular network remains to be fully understood. Therefore, we performed RNA sequencing and analyzed the microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and mRNAs differentially expressed in goat MuSCs treated with IGF2BP1 overexpressing and empty vectors. A total of 36 miRNAs, 59 lncRNAs, and 44 mRNAs were differentially expressed caused by IGF2BP1. Expectedly, they were enriched in muscle development‐related Rap1, PI3K‐AKT, and FoxO signaling pathways. Finally, we constructed a lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA interaction network containing 30 lncRNAs, 15 miRNAs, and 34 mRNAs, in which several miRNAs, including miR‐133a‐3p, miR‐204‐5p, miR‐125a‐3p, miR‐145‐3p, and miR‐423‐5p, relate with cell growth and participate in muscle development. Overall, we constructed an IGF2BP1‐related network, which provides new insight into the myogenic proliferation of goat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glycogen synthase kinase beta (GSK3β) plays an important role in skeletal muscle growth, regeneration, and repair. However, the mechanism of GSK3β regulating MyHC2a expression is currently not clear. In this study, GSK3β inhibition promoted skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) differentiation and increased expression of MyoD, MyoG, MyHC1, and MyHC2a genes. Then we cloned approximately 1.1 kb of goat MyHC2a gene promoter. The deletion fragment (−514/+55) of MyHC2a promoter exhibited the highest level of promoter activity, and a NFATc2 element in this region was responsible for MyHC2a promoter activity. Treatment of SB216713 significantly decreased the transcriptional activity of the fragment (−514/+55). Furthermore, GSK3β inhibition had no effect on the luciferase activity of MyHC2a promoter after mutating the NFATc2‐binding site. These results demonstrated that GSK3β inhibition promoted SMSCs differentiation and regulated the MyHC2a gene expression through NFATc2 in goat‐differentiated SMSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]