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Spoilage and deterioration of aquatic products during storage are inevitable, posing significant challenges to their suitability for consumption and the sustainability of the aquatic products supply chain. Research on the nonthermal processing of fruit juices, probiotics, dairy products, and meat has demonstrated positive outcomes in preserving quality. This review examines specific spoilage bacteria species and mechanisms for various aquatic products and discusses the principles, characteristics, and applications of six nonthermal processing methods for bacterial inhibition to maintain microbiological safety and physicochemical quality. The primary spoilage bacteria groups differ among fish, crustaceans, and shellfish based on storage conditions and durations. Four metabolic pathways utilized by spoilage microorganisms--peptides and amino acids, nitrogen compounds, nucleotides, and carbohydrates--are crucial in explaining spoilage. Nonthermal processing techniques, such as ultrahigh pressure, irradiation, magnetic/electric fields, plasma, and ultrasound, can inactivate microorganisms, thereby enhancing microbiological safety, physicochemical quality, and shelf life. Future research may integrate nonthermal processing with other technologies (e.g., modified atmosphere packaging and omics) to elucidate mechanisms of spoilage and improve the storage quality of aquatic products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circulating circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as novel biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Machine learning can provide optimal predictions on the diagnosis of diseases. Here we performed a proof-of-concept study to determine if combining circRNAs with an artificial intelligence approach works in diagnosing CVD. We used acutemyocardial infarction (AMI) as a model setup to prove the claim. We determined the expression level of five hypoxia-induced circRNAs, including cZNF292, cAFF1, cDENND4C, cTHSD1, and cSRSF4, in the whole blood of coronary angiography positive AMI and negative non-AMI patients. Based on feature selection by using lasso with 10-fold cross validation, prediction model by logistic regression, and ROC curve analysis, we found that cZNF292 combined with clinical information (CM), including age, gender, body mass index, heart rate, and diastolic blood pressure, can predict AMI effectively. In a validation cohort, CM + cZNF292 can separate AMI and non-AMI patients, unstable angina and AMI patients, acute coronary syndromes (ACS), and non-ACS patients. RNA stability study demonstrated that cZNF292 was stable. Knockdown of cZNF292 in endothelial cells or cardiomyocytes showed anti-apoptosis effects in oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation. Thus, we identify circulating cZNF292 as a potential biomarker for AMI and construct a prediction model "CM + cZNF292.". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TAR DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is a nuclear factor functioning in RNA processing. It is also a major deposited protein in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin (FTLD-U). To understand the mechanism underlying the inclusion body formation and possible functional alteration, we studied some TDP-43 fragments and their effects on RNA processing in cell models. The results show that the 35-kDa fragment of TDP-43 (namely TDP-35, residues 90-414), but not TDP-25A (184-414), is capable of forming cytoplasmic inclusion bodies and altering pre-mRNA splicing. The inclusions formed by TDP-35 can also recruit full-length TDP-43 to cytoplasmic deposition from functionally nuclear localization. The in vitro studies demonstrate that TDP-35, rather than TDP-43 and TDP-25A, is prone to aggregation, and it further serves as a seed to facilitate aggregation of full-length TDP-43. This suggests that fragmentation of TDP-43 leads to cellular redistribution, inclusion body formation, and altered RNA processing, which are implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of ALS and FTLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudostellaria tianmushanensis G. H. Xia & G. Y. Li, collected from the Tianmu Mountains Nature Reserve in northwestern Zhejiang, China, is described and illustrated. This new species is similar to P. rupestris Pax., but differs by having a string of fusiform or ovoid-globose tubers, leaves that are narrow elliptic-lanceolate, glabrous, with cuneate base with scattered multi-nodulate hairs, papillate margins and basipetalous variation in floral morphology. Moreover, the seed tubercle ornamentation also supports the recognition of the new species. A key to the species of Pseudostellaria in Zhejiang province is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper parses the negative market reaction to breaking a string of consecutively meeting or beating analysts' expectations (hereafter MBE). Using a set of firms that break a string of MBE relative to a control set of firms that do not, I show that, on average, breaking a string of MBE is associated with both decreases in expectations regarding future cash flows and increases in the cost of equity capital. Depending on the length of the string before a break, increases in the cost of equity capital are between 110 and 150 basis points over a three-month period across the break. Overall, my evidence suggests that breaking a string of MBE increases the perceived uncertainty of firms' future cash flows and investors' required rate of return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is the major component of Lewy bodies (LBs) deposited in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease. Synphilin-1 (Sph1) is a novel α-Syn-interacting protein also present in the LBs. However, the roles of α-Syn-Sph1 interaction in LB formation and in the related pathogenesis are still unclear. We have studied the interaction between α-Syn and Sph1 by biochemical and structural approaches and found that the central coiled-coil domain of Sphl specifically interacts with the N-terminal stretch of α-Syn. When overexpressed in HEK 293T cells, Sph1 forms inclusions together with α-Syn, but the Sph1-positive inclusions cannot recruit the N-terminally truncated α-Syn. The central portion of Sph1 can also recruit α-Syn and induce inclusion formation through its coiled-coil domain. These observations demonstrate that the α-Syn-Sph1 interaction significantly promotes the formation of cytoplasmic α-Syn inclusions, which may have implications for LB formation in neural cells. We have also elucidated solution structure of the coiled-coil domain of Sphl and its interaction with the N-terminal peptide of α-Syn. The specific interaction between α-Syn and Sphl provides mechanistic insights into the inclusion-body formation in cells and pathological implication in Parkinson's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Berberine is an important ingredient in a number of traditional Chinese medicines but has been shown to have poor bioavailability in the dog. The aim of this study was to use the P-glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein) inhibitors cyclosporin A, verapamil and the monoclonal antibody C219 in in vivo and in vitro models of intestinal absorption to determine the role of P-glycoprotein in berberine absorption. In the rat recirculating perfusion model, berberine absorption was improved 6-times by P-glycoprotein inhibitors. In the rat everted intestinal sac model, berberine serosal-to-mucosal transport was significantly decreased by cychisporin A. In Ussing-type chambers, the rate of serosal-to-mucosal transport across rat ileum was 3-times greater than in the reverse direction and was significantly decreased by cyclosporin A. In Caco-2 cells, berberine uptake was significantly increased by P-glycoprotein inhibitors and by monoclonal antibody C219. Pglycoprotein appears to contribute to the poor intestinal absorption of berberine which suggests P-glycoprotein ifihibitors could be of therapeutic value by improving its bioavailabifity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, C15Cl8O, was separated from the products of a solvothermal reaction of metallic sodium and carbon tetrachloride in air in a pressured autoclave. The mol­ecule is bisected by a crystallographic mirror plane and has essentially C2 v symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, C18Cl12O2, was synthesized by a solvothermal reaction between sodium and carbon tetrachloride; the oxygen may come from air. The mol­ecule has crystallographic C2 symmetry and contains a four-membered ring, two five-membered rings and two six-membered rings. The five-membered rings are attached to opposite sides of the cyclo­butane group and the six-membered rings are fused to the five-membered rings. In the solid state, the mol­ecule adopts a boat form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, [CuI(C11H10N2S2)] n, is built around centrosymmetric dinuclear Cu2I2 cores, each of which is linked to four neighboring Cu2I2 units via flexible dithioether ligands, viz. 4,4′-(methylenedithio)dipyridine, to form a two-dimensional grid containing rhombus-shaped cavities with diagonal distances of ca 15 and 22 Å. Two of these networks interpenetrate in a woven fashion, and the resulting structure does not possess any open channels or cavities. Each Cu atom is in a distorted tetrahedral coordination environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Each of the six Br atoms in the title compound, C15H12Br6, connects to an α-C atom; a pair of adjacent Br atoms connecting to the same five-membered ring extends to one side of the molecular framework and the other two pairs to the other side. The β-C atoms extend in the opposite direction with respect to the pairs of Br atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the title compound, CH6N3S+·C6H2N3O7−·H2O, the components are linked by a number of N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds into a complex three-dimensional network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C6H8N3O+·C7H5O6S−·H2O, cations, anions and water molecules are linked by a number of C/N/O—H...O and N—H...N hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the title compound, C5H7N2+·C6H4NO2−·C5H6N2, the components are linked into a two-dimensional network through N—H...O and N—H...N hydrogen bonds. Adjacent layers are further linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]