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Highly effective transporting and real‐time monitoring of the drug delivery system (DDS) has attracted much attention from researchers. However, separately tracking the multiple components in a complex DDS as well as its delivery process is challengeable. Here, a multi‐fluorescence‐labeled ternary complex is designed for delivering the therapeutic agents and monitoring the multiple components. Ternary complex (A@TR) is formed by three parts, including a) the carrier module TFD, which is a cell‐penetrating peptide (TAT) conjugated with anti‐cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and fluorescent molecule fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC); b) therapeutic genes (ASO); c) the targeting module RDP based on a cyclic RGDFK peptide and aggregation‐induced‐emission luminogen PyTPE. The labeling of FITC through the covalent bond can stably track the location of anticancer drugs and genes in the long term. Meanwhile, the mark of PyTPE can monitor the process of targeting‐mediated endocytosis over time. After being internalized by tumor cells selectively, chemodrug and therapeutic genes can achieve a superior tumor inhibited effect. By utilizing the multi‐channel fluorescence, this ternary complex could achieve precisely monitoring the targeted binding process of DDS and delivery processes of therapeutic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To study prognostic values of the clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes in micropapillary urothelial carcinoma (MPUC) of the urinary bladder. Method: We used the national Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004‐2016) to compare MPUC with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and to investigate prognostic values of clinicopathological characteristics, as well as survival outcomes, in MPUC of the urinary bladder. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard model, subgroup analyses, and propensity score matching were used. Results: In all, 519 patients with MPUC and 154 453 patients with TCC were enrolled. Compared with TCC, patients with MPUC had a higher rate of muscle invasive disease (P <.001), lymph node metastasis (P <.001), and distal metastasis (P <.001), as well as higher tumor grade (P <.001). According to the survival analyses, the MPUC group also had lower survival probability in both cancer‐specific mortality (CSM) (P <.0001) and overall mortality (OM) analyses (P <.0001). Cox proportional hazard regression showed that the MPUC group had a higher risk of OM (hazard ratios [HR] = 1.39, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.22‐1.57, P <.0001), although the CSM (HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.00‐1.40, P =.0505) in that group was fair. In the subgroup analysis, only MPUC patients without distal metastasis faced a higher risk of CSM (HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.101.61, P <.0001). Conclusions: Micropapillary urothelial carcinoma prognosis is poorer than that of TCC. Micropapillary urothelial carcinoma is an independent prognostic factor for OM in patients with urinary bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the issue of cancer has attracted extensive attention. Early diagnosis and timely therapy are important for cancer treatment. And lots of advanced fluorescent probes have been applied to cancer theranostics. However, the further development of these probes is limited by the disadvantages of poor targeting, weak sensitivity and photobleaching. Fortunately, the emergence of biomolecule‐conjugated fluorescent probes with aggregation‐ induced emission properties has taken innovative impetus to the cancer theranostics. This review summarizes the rational fabrication and biomedical applications of biomolecule‐conjugated AIE luminogens (AIEgens) based on "click reaction" over the past decade. In the meantime, the challenges of biomolecule‐conjugated AIEgens in the field of biomedicine are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]