Search

Aims: Our study aimed to investigate changes in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the COVID‐19 pandemic and postpandemic era and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with GDM during the blockade period. Methods: First, we investigated changes in the prevalence of GDM and the population undergoing oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) after the COVID‐19 pandemic. We then collected clinical information from pregnant women diagnosed with GDM to explore the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with GDM during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Results: After the COVID‐19 pandemic, the proportion of pregnant women in the total number of outpatient OGTT tests decreased yearly. The ratio was 81.30%, 79.71%, and 75.48% from 2019 to 2021, respectively, with the highest proportion of pregnant women in February 2020 (92.03%). The prevalence of GDM was higher in March 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. However, from 2019 to 2021, the prevalence decreased year by year with 21.46%, 19.81%, and 18.48%, respectively. The risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes for pregnant women diagnosed with GDM during the most severe period of the COVID‐19 pandemic did not differ from before the COVID‐19 pandemic. Conclusions: After the COVID‐19 pandemic, the prevalence of GDM increased during the most severe period of the epidemic, but the overall prevalence of GDM decreased year by year. In addition, the pandemic did not change the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with GDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two sugar-based ester quaternary ammonium compounds were synthesized and their surface behavior and antimicrobial activity were investigated. The compatibility with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was further studied. Results indicated that the synthesized cationic surfactants showed high surface activity and good synergistic effects with SDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights Composite structures are frequently exposed to varying hygrothermal environments, which can lead to the deterioration of their mechanical properties. This study explores the effects of hygrothermal aging on the mechanical behaviors of twill‐woven carbon fiber composite laminates, with a particular focus on laminates with flame‐retardant epoxy resin (CF_FR)—a relatively underexplored area. The findings reveal several key insights: (1) CF_FR exhibit more pronounced aging damage compared to those with general epoxy resin (CF_G), primarily due to higher moisture absorption, which results in increased surface swelling and internal delamination. (2) Hygrothermal aging enhances the impact resistance of both types of laminates by increasing peak force, particularly at higher temperatures, thereby reducing impact‐induced damage. (3) CF_FR suffers greater reductions in compressive and compression after impact (CAI) strength following aging, with CAI strength decreasing by 36.3% for flame‐retardant laminates and 14.8% for CF_G after immersion at 70°C. (4) Significant local buckling is observed in the swollen regions of CF_FR under compressive loading, indicating an heightened vulnerability to structural instability after aging. These findings offer valuable insights into the performance of composite materials under prolonged moisture exposure, particularly in safety‐critical applications where both flame retardancy and mechanical integrity are crucial. More aging damage is captured from laminates with flame‐retardant epoxy resin Aging temperatures alleviate LVI induced damage and improve the peak force Compressive and CAI strength are affected after prolonged aging conditions CAI strength of CF_FR decreases by 36.3% after exposure to the 70°C water bath Significant local buckling is observed in CF_FR under compressive loading [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]