Search

The difference on inhibitory effects of bioflavonoids inhibiting XOD activity assayed by varying test methods cause of us to be further in consideration. The reported test method creating a micro‐environment surrounding XOD in the absence of ⋅O2−, which is seemly different from the assay in vivo. So, the vitro test method for assaying XOD activity is necessary to be improved for selection of potential inhibitors in the presence of ⋅O2−. The inhibitory results demonstrated that bioflavonoids of MY, DMY, QUE and LUT are capable to be on effective IC50 values, but others are not. As well, their resulting inhibitions determined by the improved test method are much less than that reported in the literature, indicating that their chemical affinities with XOD become weaker. Moreover, DMY assayed on the inhibitions of XOD in the improved test method performs to be a better inhibitor, as compared to the assay of the reported test methods. Abasing on the transformation of DMY into MY in the presence of ⋅O2−, the good inhibition of DMY on XOD activity can be explained by the synergistic effect of MY. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigating the self‐sorting behaviour of assemblies with subtle structural differences is a captivating yet challenging endeavour. Herein, we elucidate the unusual self‐sorting behaviour of metallacages with subtle structural differences in batch reactors and microdroplets. Narcissistic self‐sorting of metallacages has been observed for two ligands with identical sizes, shapes, and symmetries, with only minor differences in the substituted groups. In particular, the self‐sorting process in microdroplets occurs within 1 min at room temperature, in stark contrast to batch reactors, which require equilibration for 30 min. To reveal the mechanism of self‐sorting and the role of microdroplets, we conducted a series of experiments and theoretical calculations, including competitive self‐assembly, cage‐to‐cage transformation, control experiments involving model metallacages with larger cavities, noncovalent interaction analysis, and root mean square deviation (RMSD) analysis. This research demonstrates an unusual case of self‐sorting of very similar assemblies and provides a new strategy for facilitating the self‐sorting efficiency of supramolecular systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) are promising platforms for developing functionalized artificial molecular machines. The construction of chiral MIMs with appealing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties has boosted their potential application in biomedicine and the optical industry. However, there is currently little knowledge about the CPL emission mechanism or the emission dynamics of these related MIMs. Herein, we demonstrate that time‐resolved circularly polarized luminescence (TRCPL) spectroscopy combined with transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy offers a feasible approach to elucidate the origins of CPL emission in pyrene‐functionalized topologically chiral [2]catenane as well as in a series of pyrene‐functionalized chiral molecules. For the first time, direct evidence differentiating the chiroptical signals originating from either topological (local state emission) or Euclidean chirality (excimer state emission) in these pyrene‐functionalized chiral molecules has been discovered. Our work not only establishes a novel and ideal approach to study CPL mechanism, but also provides a theoretical foundation for the rational design of novel chiral materials in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the chirality induction and switching of topological chirality, poly[2]catenanes composed of helical poly(phenylacetylenes) (PPAs) main chain and topologically chiral [2]catenane pendants are described for the first time. These poly[2]catenanes with optically active [2]catenanes on side chains were synthesized by polymerization of enantiomerically pure topologically chiral [2]catenanes with ethynyl polymerization site and/or point chiral moiety. The chirality information of [2]catenane pendants was successfully transferred to the main chain of polyene backbones, leading to preferred‐handed helical conformations, while the introduction of point chiral units has negligible effect on the overall helices. More interestingly, attributed to unique dynamic feature of the [2]catenane pendants, these polymers revealed dynamic response behaviors to solvents, temperature, and sodium ions, resulting in the fully reversible switching on/off of the chirality induction. This work provides not only new design strategy for novel chiroptical switches with topologically chiral molecules but also novel platforms for the development of smart chiral materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vinylidene ortho‐quinone methides (VQMs) have been proven to be versatile and crucial intermediates in the catalytic asymmetric reaction in last decade, and thus have drawn considerable concentrations on account of the practical application in the construction of enantiomerically pure functional organic molecules. However, in comparison to the well established chiral Brønsted base‐catalyzed asymmetric reaction via VQMs, chiral Brønsted acid‐catalyzed reaction is rarely studied and there is no systematic summary to date. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the chiral Brønsted acid‐catalyzed asymmetric reaction via VQMs according to three types of reactions: a) intermolecular asymmetric nucleophilic addition to VQMs; b) intermolecular asymmetric cycloaddition of VQMs; c) intramolecular asymmetric cyclization of VQMs. Finally, we put forward the remained challenges and opportunities for potential breakthroughs in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyradical cages are of great interest because they show very fascinating physical and chemical properties, but many challenges remain, especially for their synthesis and characterization. Herein, we present the synthesis of a polyradical cation cage 14⋅+ through post‐synthetic oxidation of a redox‐active phenothiazine‐based Pd2L4‐type coordination cage 1. It′s worth noting that 1 exhibits excellent reversible electrochemical and chemical redox activity due to the introduction of a bulky 3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methoxyphenyl substituent. The generation of 14⋅+ through reversible electrochemical oxidation is investigated by in situ UV/Vis‐NIR and EPR spectroelectrochemistry. Meanwhile, chemical oxidation of 1 can also produce 14⋅+ which can be reversibly reduced back to the original cage 1, and the process is monitored by EPR and NMR spectroscopies. Eventually, we succeed in the isolation and single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis of 14⋅+, whose electronic structure and conformation are distinct to original 1. The magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate the predominantly antiferromagnetic interactions between the four phenothiazine radical cations in 14⋅+. We believe that our study including the facile synthesis methodology and in situ spectroelectrochemistry will shed some light on the synthesis and characterization of novel polyradical systems, opening more perspectives for developing functional supramolecular cages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: A novel macrocycle based on conformation‐adaptive and electron‐rich dihydrophenazine was designed and synthesized. On the one hand, the macrocycle showed host‐guest interactions with tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) driving by charge transfer interaction between them. Meanwhile, host‐guest complexation was accompanied by fluorescence quenching and conformational change of the macrocycle. On the other hand, the oxidation of the macrocycle resulted in its diradical cation analogue and induced the release of the guest molecule TCNQ, thereby accomplishing reversible binding dynamics. Therefore, this work well illustrates the chemical and structural versatility of dihydrophenazine in the synthesis of macrocycles and their host‐guest chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rational element doping is demonstrated as an effective strategy to optimize crystal stability and enhance the electronic conductivity of Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) to achieve a satisfactory sodium storage performance. However, unraveling the dopant selection principles is still a big challenge. Herein, the integrated crystal orbital Hamilton population (ICOHP) function is adopted to evaluate the strength of chemical bonds of N‐transition metals (N‐TM) and guide the dopant selection. Among the series of ICOHP values for N‐TM (TM = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), the Cu─N bond exhibits the lowest ICOHP value, which indicates that Cu doping can improve the stability of PBAs compared to other dopants. Experimentally, among TM‐substituted Fe‐based PBAs (TMFeHCFs), the as‐prepared sample with 20 at.% Cu doping (CuFeHCF‐2) exhibits the best cycling performance, with a capacity retention of 83.5% after 400 cycles at 1 C, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation results. In addition, in situ XRD and in situ, Raman reveal a highly reversible monoclinic‐cubic two‐phase conversion and redox‐active pairs, respectively. This study provides valuable guidelines for dopant selection to enhance the performance of PBAs cathodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing synthetic molecular devices for controlling ion transmembrane transport is a promising research field in supramolecular chemistry. These artificial ion channels provide models to study ion channel diseases and have huge potential for therapeutic applications. Compared with self‐assembled ion channels constructed by intermolecular weak interactions between smaller molecules or cyclic compounds, metallacage‐based ion channels have well‐defined structures and can exist as single components in the phospholipid bilayer. A naphthalene diimide‐based artificial chloride ion channel is constructed through efficient subcomponent self‐assembly and its selective ion transport activity in large unilamellar vesicles and the planar lipid bilayer membrane by fluorescence and ion‐current measurements is investigated. Molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations show that the metallacage spans the entire phospholipid bilayer as an unimolecular ion transport channel. This channel transports chloride ions across the cell membrane, which disturbs the ion balance of cancer cells and inhibits the growth of cancer cells at low concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early‐stage rape seedling density is closely related to yield estimation, growth diagnosis, cultivated area statistics, and field management. Currently, manual sampling and counting, which are inefficient and inaccurate, are heavily relied upon to estimate rape seedling density. Computer vision techniques have emerged as a promising solution to the automation of this task, as digital images have become more commonplace. Farmland field environments, however, face many challenges, including scale variation, denseness, and background occlusion. An improved multi‐column convolutional neural network, called seedling rape density prediction network (SRDPNet), has been proposed in this study to resolve the issues related to accurate density estimation and counting of rape seedlings in complex farmland scenarios. Based on the multi‐column convolutional attention encoder, filters of different sizes are used to capture the basic feature of rape seedlings at various scales. The channel attention and position attention modules are introduced into branches to alleviate the impact of low counting accuracy caused by background error and growth state differences. The SRDPNet was validated using the seedling rapeseed plant counting (SRPC) dataset created in this study. The experimental results showed that the SRDPNet demonstrated high accurate counting performance for the SRPC dataset with a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.97396) and mean absolute error (MAE = 3.26, mean square error = 4.56), which are superior to that of the comparison method. SRDPNet can effectively solve the visual challenges of rape seedlings in complex farmland scenes and improve the robustness for complex visual variations. Core Ideas: Multicolumn CNN with attention module can effectively solve the problems of the rape seedling images.Position attention module can significantly improve the counting accuracy for the rape seedling with scale changes.Channel attention module can significantly improve the counting accuracy of rape seedling with complex backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expanded azahelicenes, as heteroanalogues of helically chiral helicenes, hold significant potential for chiroptical materials. Nevertheless, their investigation and research have remained largely unexplored. Herein, we present the facile synthesis of a series of expanded azahelicenes NHn (n=1–5) consisting of 11, 19, 27, 35, and 43 fused rings, mainly by Suzuki coupling followed by Bi(OTf)3‐mediated cyclization of vinyl ethers. The structures of NH2, NH3 and NH4 were confirmed through X‐ray crystallography analysis, and their (P)‐ and (M)‐ enantiomers were also isolated with chiral high performance liquid chromatography. The enantiomers exhibit large absorption (abs) and luminescence (lum) dissymmetry factors, with |gabs|max=0.044; |glum|max=0.003 for NH2, |gabs|max=0.048; |glum|=0.014 for NH3, and |gabs|max=0.043; |glum|max=0.021 for NH4, which are superior to their respective all‐carbon analogues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Excessive neuroinflammation mediated mainly by microglia plays a crucial role in ischemic stroke. AZD1390, an ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) specific inhibitor, has been shown to promote radio‐sensitization and survival in central nervous system malignancies, while the role of AZD1390 in ischemic stroke remains unknown. Methods: Real‐time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays were used to assess the activation of microglia and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Behavioral tests were performed to measure neurological deficits. 2,3,5‐Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was conducted to assess the infarct volume. The activation of NF‐κB signaling pathway was explored through immunofluorescence staining, western blot, co‐immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay. Results: The level of pro‐inflammation cytokines and activation of NF‐κB signaling pathway was suppressed by AZD1390 in vitro and in vivo. The behavior deficits and infarct size were partially restored with AZD1390 treatment in experimental stroke. AZD1390 restrict ubiquitylation and sumoylation of the essential regulatory subunit of NF‐κB (NEMO) in an ATM‐dependent and ATM‐independent way respectively, which reduced the activation of the NF‐κB pathway. Conclusion: AZD1390 suppressed NF‐κB signaling pathway to alleviate ischemic brain injury in experimental stroke, and attenuated microglia activation and neuroinflammation, which indicated that AZD1390 might be an attractive agent for the treatment of ischemic stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Room‐temperature sodium‐sulfur (RT Na‐S) batteries are promising for low‐cost and large‐scale energy storage applications. However, these batteries are plagued by safety concerns due to the highly flammable nature of conventional electrolytes. Although non‐flammable electrolytes eliminate the risk of fire, they often result in compromised battery performance due to poor compatibility with sodium metal anode and sulfur cathode. Herein, we develop an additive of tin trifluoromethanesulfonate (Sn(OTf)2) in non‐flammable phosphate electrolytes to improve the cycling stability of RT Na‐S batteries via modulating the Na+ solvation environment and interface chemistry. The additive reduces the Na+ desolvation energy and enhances the electrolyte stability. Moreover, it facilitates the construction of Na‐Sn alloy‐based anode solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI). These interphases help to suppress the growth of Na dendrites and the dissolution/shuttling of sodium polysulfides (NaPSs), resulting in improved reversible capacity. Specifically, the Na‐S battery with the designed electrolyte boosts the capacity from 322 to 906 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1. This study provides valuable insights for the development of safe and high‐performance electrolytes in RT Na‐S batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the construction of novel stimuli‐responsive fluorescent system with precisely tunable emissions, the typical 9,14‐diphenyl‐9,14‐dihydrodibenzo[a, c]phenazine (DPAC) luminogen with attractive vibration‐induced emission (VIE) behavior has been introduced into [2]rotaxane as a stopper. Taking advantage of their unique dual stimuli‐responsiveness towards solvent and anion, the resultant [2]rotaxanes reveal both tunable VIE and switchable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Attributed to the formation of mechanical bonds, DPAC‐functionalized [2]rotaxanes display interesting VIE behaviors including white‐light emission upon the addition of viscous solvent, as evaluated in detail by femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectra. In addition, ascribed to the regulation of chirality information transmission through anion‐induced motions of chiral wheel, the resolved chiral [2]rotaxanes reveal unique switchable CPL upon the addition of anion, leading to significant increase in the dissymmetry factors (glum) values with excellent reversibility. Interestingly, upon doping the chiral [2]rotaxanes in stretchable polymer, the blend films reveal remarkable emission change from white light to light blue with significant 6.5‐fold increase in glum values up to −0.035 under external tensile stresses. This work provides not only a new design strategy for developing molecular systems with fluorescent tunability but also a novel platform for the construction of smart chiral luminescent materials for practical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Hetero)arenes are one kind of important structural motifs existed extensively in clinical pharmaceutics, pesticides, and so on. Developing novel method for introducing (hetero)aryl group through the employment of cheap and abundant feedstocks has attracted considerable attentions from synthetic community. In this review, we summarize the recent advancements in photoredox‐catalyzed decyanative cross‐coupling reactions based on the persistent aromatic nitrile‐derived radical. We separate the review into redox‐neutral and reductive cross‐coupling reactions according to whether an external reducing agent is required. The diverse strategies of overcoming the redox potential limitation of photocatalyst are emphasized in the discussion of specific reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Condensation of 3,3′‐diamino‐2,2′‐ethylene‐bridged azobenzene with 1,2,4,5‐tetrakis‐(4‐formylphenyl) benzene produces a visible light responsive porous 2D covalent organic framework, COF‐bAzo‐TFPB, with a large surface area, good crystallinity, and thermal and chemical stability. The results demonstrate that the elaborated designed linker can make azo unit on the COF‐bAzo‐TFPB skeleton undergo reversible photoisomerization. This work expands the application scope of covalent organic frameworks in photo‐controlled release, uptake of guest molecules, dynamic photoswitching, and UV‐sensitive functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of multimode photopatterning systems based on supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) is considerably attractive in supramolecular chemistry and materials science, because SCCs can serve as promising platforms for the incorporation of multiple functional building blocks. Herein, we report a light‐responsive liquid‐crystalline metallacycle that is constructed by coordination‐driven self‐assembly. By exploiting its fascinating liquid crystal features, bright emission properties, and facile photocyclization capability, a unique system with spatially‐controlled fluorescence‐resonance energy transfer (FRET) is built through the introduction of a photochromic spiropyran derivative, which led to the realization of the first example of a liquid‐crystalline metallacycle for orthogonal photopatterning in three‐modes, namely holography, fluorescence, and photochromism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Longnan goat (LN) is a local breed discovered during the third census of China's livestock and poultry genetic resources. In order to thoroughly comprehend the population traits, this research examined a total of 70 animals from three different goat populations, namely the LN goat, Nanjiang Brown goat (NJ), and Boer goat (Boer). Specific‐Locus Amplified Fragment Sequencing was employed to analyze genetic diversity, population structure, and selective sweep patterns. Additionally, individual DNA fingerprints were generated to provide detailed genetic profiles for each subject. A total of 643,868 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, with a majority located in intergenic and intronic regions. Genetic diversity analysis uncovered lower diversity within the LN population compared to the other two populations. The analysis of population structure unveiled significant genetic distance between LN and both NJ and Boer populations, with distinct clustering patterns observed. Moreover, genetic differentiation coefficients (FST) of 0.1019 and 0.0854 were determined between LN and Boer, as well as LN and NJ, respectively, indicating substantial genetic differentiation. Selective sweep analysis, combining FST and π ratio, identified several genes associated with growth and development, reproduction, hair color, and immunity that may serve as valuable candidates for marker‐assisted breeding. Furthermore, identification of 47,541 runs of homozygosity (ROHs) revealed non‐uniform distribution across chromosomes, with the highest frequency on chromosome 1 and the lowest on chromosome 27. Correlations between different inbreeding coefficients varied, with the highest observed between FHOM and FGRM, and the lowest between FROH >1.5Mb and FROH <500kb. A total of 46 candidate genes were annotated within high‐frequency ROH islands, primarily associated with biological processes such as reproduction, growth and development, and immunity. Finally, a DNA fingerprint, consisting of 371 highly polymorphic SNPs, was generated and presented in the form of a two‐dimensional code for convenient access. Based on the population structure analysis, LN goats have been found to have a distant genetic distance and a higher degree of differentiation from both the Boer and NJ populations. Evaluation of genetic diversity parameters and ROH analysis indicates that the LN population exhibits lower genetic diversity and shows signs of inbreeding. Our findings offer theoretical support for the identification of genetic resources within this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) relies primarily on fetal echocardiography conducted at mid‐gestational age—the sensitivity of which varies among centers and practitioners. An objective method for early diagnosis is needed. Here, we conducted a case–control study recruiting 103 pregnant women with healthy offspring and 104 cases with CHD offspring, including VSD (42/104), ASD (20/104), and other CHD phenotypes. Plasma was collected during the first trimester and proteomic analysis was performed. Principal component analysis revealed considerable differences between the controls and the CHDs. Among the significantly altered proteins, 25 upregulated proteins in CHDs were enriched in amino acid metabolism, extracellular matrix receptor, and actin skeleton regulation, whereas 49 downregulated proteins were enriched in carbohydrate metabolism, cardiac muscle contraction, and cardiomyopathy. The machine learning model reached an area under the curve of 0.964 and was highly accurate in recognizing CHDs. This study provides a highly valuable proteomics resource to better recognize the cause of CHD and has developed a reliable objective method for the early recognition of CHD, facilitating early intervention and better prognosis. Synopsis: Mass spectrometry‐based proteomics for plasma proteome profiling were performed on early gestational pregnant women with or without congenital heart disease (CHD) offspring. In‐depth analysis revealed a potential pathogenic mechanism and identified a set of biomarkers in early gestational plasma predicting fetal CHD. A total of 104 early gestational pregnant women with CHD offspring and 103 controls with healthy offspring were included.A total of 264 proteins were found significantly upregulated and 358 proteins downregulated in the plasma of early gestational pregnant women with CHD offspring.Dyslipidemia and CD4+ might be involved in the occurrence of CHD.Nine CHD‐related biomarkers had been identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article centres around one singular yet substantively important empirical puzzle: why did the United States fail to delegitimate the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank? I argue that a crucial factor missing from existing analyses is China's rhetorical coercion. To substantiate this argument, I first reconstruct from the perspective of framing the US‐China rhetorical contestation over the AIIB at the early stage. This results in the identification of seven competing frames pertaining to the purpose and procedural legitimacy of the bank: Sub‐standard, Tool and Rival promoted by the United States; High‐quality, Equality, Complement and Welcome Change by China. To flesh out China's rhetorical coercion, I gauge the coercive power of the frames identified before zooming in on Complement and Welcome Change and uncovering therein three coercive claims: shortfalls in Asia's infrastructure finance, weaknesses in the existing system of international financial institutions and inconsistency in the US approach to the AIIB and China's rise. These claims considerably restricted the room for the United States to engage in principled opposition, and in tandem with developments favourable to the AIIB (not least the participation of Western countries), enabled China to rhetorically coerce the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a facile and versatile strategy for the synthesis of contorted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) starting from the functionalized pentacene was established. A series of novel PAHs 1–4 and their derivatives were synthesized through a simple two‐step synthesis procedure involving an intramolecular reductive Friedel–Crafts cyclization of four newly synthesized pentacene aldehydes 5–8 as a key step. All the molecules were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and their photophysical and electrochemical properties were studied in detail. Interestingly, the most striking feature of 1–4 is their highly contorted carbon structures and the accompanying helical chirality. In particular, the optical resolution of 2 was successfully achieved by chiral‐phase HPLC, and the enantiomers were characterized by circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence spectroscopy. Despite the highly nonplanar conformations, these contorted PAHs exhibited emissive properties with moderate‐to‐good fluorescence quantum yields, implying the potential utility of this series PAHs as high‐quality organic laser dyes. By using a self‐assembly method with the help of epoxy resin, a bottle microlaser based on 3 a was successfully illustrated with a lasing wavelength of 567.8 nm at a threshold of 0.3 mJ/cm2. We believe that this work will shed light on the chemical versatility of pentacene and its derivatives in the construction of novel functionalized PAHs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Some studies have reported that the prognosis of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) for early‐stage cervical cancer (CC) is worse than that of open surgery. And this was associated with the use of uterine manipulator or not. Therefore, this study retrospectively analyzes the efficacy and safety of TLH without uterine manipulator combined with pelvic lymphadenectomy for early‐stage CC. Methods: Fifty‐eight patients with CC (stage IB1‐IIA1) who received radical hysterectomy from September 2019 to January 2020 were divided into no uterine manipulator (n = 26) and uterine manipulator group (n = 32). Then, clinical characteristics were collected and intraoperative/postoperative related indicators were compared. Results: Patients in the no uterine manipulator group had significantly higher operation time and blood loss than in the uterine manipulator group. Notably, there was no significant difference in hemoglobin change, blood transfusion rate, number of pelvic nodules, anal exhaust time, complications and recurrence rate between the two groups. Additionally, patients in the uterine manipulator group were prone to urinary retention (15.6%) and lymphocyst (12.5%), while the no uterine manipulator group exhibited high probability of bladder dysfunction (23.1%) and urinary retention (15.4%). Furthermore, the 1‐year disease‐free survival rate and the 1‐year overall survival rate were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the efficacy and safety of TLH with or without uterine manipulator combined with pelvic lymphadenectomy in the treatment of patients with early‐stage CC. However, the latter requires consideration of the negative effects of high operation time and blood loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cartilage repair is currently an inevitable and significant issue due to the prevalence of cartilage defects or osteoarthritis. However, it remains a big challenge worldwide because of the avascular and aneural nature of cartilage. In this paper, a novel biomimetic pericellular microniche (BPM), inspired by chondron composed of chondrocyte and its surrounding pericellular matrix (PCM), is proposed to offer a promising solution to achieve cartilage repair. BPM, with a diameter ≈64 µm, not only mimicked the structure of the chondron but also mimicked the key components of the PCM by artificially synthesizing brush‐like molecules hyaluronic acid‐grafted‐(poly‐2‐acrylamide‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt) (HA/PA) and hyaluronic acid‐grafted‐(poly‐2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (HA/PM). Chondrocyte‐laden BPM is constructed successfully through microfluidic and showed excellent injectability. The encapsulated chondrocyte showed high viability in BPM. F‐Actin and H&E reflected that chondrocytes would grow out of BPM and adhere to the BPM surface through the interaction between CD44 and hyaluronic acid. RT‐qPCR and immunofluorescence staining indicated that the gene expression of type II collagen and aggrecan are upregulated significantly in the BPM. Therefore, the construction of BPM provides a promising strategy for cartilage tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To develop a radiomics model based on chest computed tomography (CT) for the prediction of a pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant or conversion chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Patients with stage IB–III NSCLC who received neoadjuvant or conversion CIT between September 2019 and July 2021 at Hunan Cancer Hospital, Xiangya Hospital, and Union Hospital were retrospectively collected. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to screen features. Then, model 1 (five radiomics features before CIT), model 2 (four radiomics features after CIT and before surgery) and model 3 were constructed for the prediction of pCR. Model 3 included all nine features of model 1 and 2 and was later named the neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy‐related pathological response prediction model (NACIP). Results: This study included 110 patients: 77 in the training set and 33 in the validation set. Thirty‐nine (35.5%) patients achieved a pCR. Model 1 showed area under the curve (AUC) = 0.65, 64% accuracy, 71% specificity, and 50% sensitivity, while model 2 displayed AUC = 0.81, 73% accuracy, 62% specificity, and 92% sensitivity. In comparison, NACIP yielded a good predictive value, with an AUC of 0.85, 81% accuracy, 81% specificity, and 83% sensitivity in the validation set. Conclusion: NACIP may be a potential model for the early prediction of pCR in patients with NSCLC treated with neoadjuvant/conversion CIT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Chronic heart failure (CHF) remains a major health issue worldwide. In the present study, we aimed to identify novel circulating biomarkers for CHF using serum proteomics technology and to validate the biomarker in three independent cohorts. Methods and results: The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation technology was utilized to identify the potential biomarkers of CHF. The validation was conducted in three independent cohort. Cohort A included 223 patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and 321 patients with ischaemic heart failure (IHF) from the CORFCHD‐PCI study. Cohort B recruited 817 patients with IHD and 1139 patients with IHF from the PRACTICE study. Cohort C enrolled 559 non‐ischaemic heart disease patients with CHF (n = 316) or without CHF (n = 243). We found the expression of a‐1 antitrypsin (AAT) was elevated significantly in patients with CHF compared with that in the patients with stable IHD using statistical and bioinformatics analyses. In a validation study, there was a significant difference between patients with stable IHD and patients with IHF in AAT concentration either in cohort A (1.35 ± 0.40 vs. 1.64 ± 0.56, P < 0.001) or in cohort B (1.37 ± 0.42 vs. 1.70 ± 0.48, P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.70 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66 to 0.74, P < 0.001] in cohort A and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.72 to 0.76, P < 0.001) in cohort B. Furthermore, AAT was negative correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r = −0.261, P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders using a multivariate logistic regression analysis, AAT remained an independent association with CHF in both cohort A (OR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.667 to 5.90, P < 0.001) and cohort B (OR = 4.10, 95% CI: 2.97 to 5.65, P < 0.001). This association was also validated in cohort C (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.38, P = 0.043). Conclusions: The present study suggests that serum AAT is a reliable biomarker for CHF in a Chinese population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of covalent organic cages built from fluorophores capable of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) were elegantly prepared through the reduction of preorganized M2(LA)3(LB)2‐type metallacages, simultaneously taking advantage of the synthetic accessibility and well‐defined shapes and sizes of metallacages, the good chemical stability of the covalent cages as well as the bright emission of AIE fluorophores. Moreover, the covalent cages could be further post‐synthetically modified into an amide‐functionalized cage with a higher quantum yield. Furthermore, these presented covalent cages proved to be good energy donors and were used to construct light‐harvesting systems employing Nile Red as an energy acceptor. These light‐harvesting systems displayed efficient energy transfer and relatively high antenna effect, which enabled their use as efficient photocatalysts for a dehalogenation reaction. This research provides a new avenue for the development of luminescent covalent cages for light‐harvesting and photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing a new strategy to improve the self‐assembly efficiency of functional assemblies in a confined space and construct hybrid functional materials is a significant and fascinating endeavor. Herein, we present a highly efficient strategy for achieving the supramolecular self‐assembly of well‐defined metallacages in microdroplets through continuous‐flow microfluidic devices. The high efficiency and versatility of this approach are demonstrated by the generation of five representative metallacages in different solvents containing water, DMF, acetonitrile, and methanol in a few minutes with nearly quantitative yields, in contrast to the yields obtained with the hour‐scale reaction time in a batch reactor. A ring‐opening catalytic reaction of the metallacages was selected as a model reaction for exploring supramolecular catalysis in microdroplets, whereby the catalytic yield was enhanced by 2.22‐fold compared to that of the same reaction in the batch reactor. This work illustrates a new promising approach for the self‐assembly of supramolecular systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the predominant mycotoxin that originated toxicity in broilers through oxidative damage, intestinal barrier dysfunction, reduced immune system and dysfunction of microorganisms and enzymes in target organs. The intestine is the first AFB1 target organ destroyed after the bird's body is induced. This review summarises the current knowledge of the negative results of AFB1‐induced intestinal damage on broiler production. It was conducted in accordance with the relevant studies in the cited literatures being retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Web of Science. First, AFB1 can change the intestinal barrier function by destroying the intestinal architecture, tissue and cell integrity of the gut epithelium. Second, AFB1 can damage the immune barrier function of the gastrointestinal mucosa. Third, the microbiota of birds interacts closely with the ingested aflatoxin. Finally, because broilers are tremendously sensitive to AFB1 contamination, the poisonous and noxious effects of this mycotoxin in the broiler industry cause millions of dollars in losses every year. This review briefly discussed that the AFB1, which affects the intestines of broiler chickens, was reduced the immune apparatus, antioxidant protection system, gastric system, and broiler production status and its impact on human health. Therefore, this review will improve our perception of the important intestine in a bird's health and the adverse effect of AFB1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The pathogenesis of non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis has not been clearly clarified. This study aimed to investigate the expression of ciliary regulating protein forkhead box protein j1 (Foxj1) on airway epithelium in non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and its association with airway cilia structure disorder and disease severity. Methods: Lung tissue sections excised from 47 patients with non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis were included between January 2018 and June 2021. Specimens from 26 subjects who underwent a lobectomy due to lung nodule were chosen as controls. Clinical information was collected, and pathologic analysis was performed to assess the epithelial structure and expression of ciliary regulating Foxj1. Results: Of the 47 patients with non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, 25 were considered as mild, 12 were moderate whereas the remaining 10 cases were severe according to the bronchiectasis severity index score evaluation. Epithelial hyperplasia, hyperplasia of goblet cells and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, compared with control subjects. Cilia length in non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patients were shorter than that in the control group, (5.34 ± 0.89) μm versus (7.34 ± 0.71) μm, respectively (P = 0.002). The expression of Foxj1 was (2.69 ± 1.09) × 106 in non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, compared with (6.67 ± 1.15) × 106 in the control group (P = 0.001). Moreover, patients with lower expression of Foxj1 showed shorter airway cilia and worse in disease severity. Conclusion: Foxj1 declined in the airway epithelium of patients with non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, positively correlated to cilia length and might imply worse disease severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterogeneous photocatalysis have been deemed as a versatile and colorful platform for exploring efficient transformation systems. Henceforth, the design of photocatalysts underpins a wide range of research interests. By virtue of synthetic versatility, stability, non‐toxicity, purely organic properties, tunable semiconductive structures, and remarkable visible‐light absorbance, conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have emerged as an attractive new class of semiconductor materials that show great potential for tackling important energy and environmental challenges. Over the past decade, immense efforts have been devoted toward the construction of CMPs‐based photocatalysts for versatile photocatalytic transformations. This review aims to summarize the latest representative advances in the field of carbazolic CMPs, focusing on various design strategies for the construction of tailor‐made skeletons that have direct impact on their charge dynamics and thus photocatalytic performances, especially on their specific photocatalytic efficiency for organic transformations. Scrutinizing the photocatalytic features and elucidating the related design principles, it is fully described how structure modification of polycarbazoles could have an effect on optical properties, and thus on photocatalytic performance. Furthermore, the bottlenecks that need to be addressed, and the future research directions of CMPs are identified in the area of photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metallic Na is a promising metal anode for large‐scale energy storage. Nevertheless, unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and uncontrollable Na dendrite growth lead to disastrous short circuit and poor cycle life. Through phase field and ab initio molecular dynamics simulation, we first predict that the sodium bromide (NaBr) with the lowest Na ion diffusion energy barrier among sodium halogen compounds (NaX, X=F, Cl, Br, I) is the ideal SEI composition to induce the spherical Na deposition for suppressing dendrite growth. Then, 1,2‐dibromobenzene (1,2‐DBB) additive is introduced into the common fluoroethylene carbonate‐based carbonate electrolyte (the corresponding SEI has high mechanical stability) to construct a desirable NaBr‐rich stable SEI layer. When the Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 cell utilizes the electrolyte with 1,2‐DBB additive, an extraordinary capacity retention of 94 % is achieved after 2000 cycles at a high rate of 10 C. This study provides a design philosophy for dendrite‐free Na metal anode and can be expanded to other metal anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Anti-Ro60 and anti-Ro52 antibodies are associated with different connective tissue diseases (CTDs). However, the clinical significance of anti-Ro antibodies is not always consistent among different global regions. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with anti-Ro antibodies. Methods. A total of 1596 inpatients with anti-Ro antibodies were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and serological data were compared between individuals with different profiles of anti-Ro antibodies: patients with anti-Ro52 antibodies alone, patients with anti-Ro60 antibodies alone, and patients with combined anti-Ro52 and anti-Ro60 antibodies. Results. Of the 1596 patients, 1362 (85.3%) were female, the mean age was 45.5 years, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (46.0%) and Sjogren's syndrome (SS) (19.0%) were the most common CTD diagnoses. Among the patients with anti-Ro52 antibodies alone, idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (18.8%) and SLE (17.6%) were the most common CTD diagnoses. The coexistent autoantibodies of this group were significantly lower compared with those of the other two groups, while the presence of anti-Jo1 antibodies were significantly higher compared with those of the other two groups (3.7% vs. 0.6% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.029). In addition, the patients with isolated anti-Ro52 antibodies were more likely to suffer from interstitial lung disease (35.5% vs. 11.3% vs. 13.7%, p < 10 − 4 ) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (10.1% vs. 5.3% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.001) compared with the other two groups of patients. Compared with patients with isolated anti-Ro52 or anti-Ro60 antibodies, the patients with combined anti-Ro52 and anti-Ro60 antibodies were more likely to suffer from xerophthalmia and xerostomia. Furthermore, hypocomplementemia, hyperglobulinemia, and proteinuria were particularly prevalent in patients with anti-Ro60 antibodies. Conclusion. Different profiles of anti-Ro antibodies were significantly associated with clinical phenotypic features in CTDs, indicating the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of these antibodies in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li metal batteries (LMBs) are considered as promising candidates for future rechargeable batteries with high energy density. However, Li metal anode (LMA) is extensively sensitive to general liquid electrolytes, leading to unstable interphase and dendrites growth. Herein, a novel gel polymer electrolyte consisting of a micro‐nanostructured poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) matrix and inorganic fillers of Zeolite Socony Mobil‐5 (ZSM‐5) and SiO2 nanoparticles, is fabricated to expedite Li+ ions transport and suppress Li dendrite growth. Due to the Lewis acid interaction, SiO2 can absorb amounts of PF6− and promote the dissociation of LiPF6. The specific sub‐nanometer pore structure of ZSM‐5 greatly enhances the Li+ ion transference number. These structures can restrain the decomposition of electrolytes and build stable interphase on LMA. Therefore, the Li||Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cell maintains 92% capacity retention after 300 cycles at 1 C (1 C ≈190 mAh g−1) in carbonate electrolyte. This multiscale design provides an effective strategy for electrolyte exploration in high‐performance LMBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sodium (Na) metal has been considered as the most promising anode for achieving next‐generation battery system with high energy density and low cost. Nevertheless, the uncontrolled dendrites growth, infinite volume expansion and unstable solid/electrolyte interphase severely hinder the practical application of Na metal anode. Herein, a functional composite Na anode (Na2Se/Cu@Na) is achieved via infusing molten Na into the porous copper framework modified by cuprous selenide nanosheets. Combining experimental studies and theoretical calculations, the 3D framework and derivatives of Na2Se/Cu can synergistically buffer the volume expansion, redistribute Na+ flux, promote ions migration, and induce uniform Na+ deposition. Benefiting from these merits, the symmetrical cell of Na2Se/Cu@Na demonstrates a stable cycle lifespan over 500 h at 1 mA cm−2 in carbonate electrolyte. And the full battery paired with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode delivers a stable capacity of 97 mAh g−1 after 800 cycles at 10 C. Furthermore, this structured framework can also be employed to construct composite potassium (K) anode and an outstanding cycle performance is achieved in the symmetrical cell (operating for 1000 h at 0.5 mA cm−2). This study paves a significant way of designing structured Na (K) metal anodes for synergistically improving the electrode stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the construction of novel circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) switches with multiple switchable emission states and high dissymmetry factors (glum), topologically chiral [2]catenanes were employed as the key platform to construct a novel multistate CPL switching system. Taking advantage of the precise co‐conformation regulations of the resultant pyrene‐functionalized [2]catenanes under different external stimuli, reversible transformations between three emission states with different CPL performances, i.e. the initial "closed" form with a |glum| value of 0.012, the "open" form with an almost complete turn‐off of CPL emission, and the "protonated" form with a boosted |glum| value of 0.022, were successfully realized. This study demonstrates the successful construction of not only the first topological chirality‐based CPL switch, but also a novel bidirectional CPL switch, thus providing a promising platform for the construction of novel chiral materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiment was conducted to study the effects of Mulberry Leaf (ML) powder on reproductive performance, serum and milk amino acid composition in sows. Fifty sows (D 85 at gestation) with parity 3 or 4 were randomly divided into 5 groups: C, M100, M200, M300 and M400, receiving 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 g ML powder per sow per day. Blood and milk of sows at Days 1 and 21 of lactation were collected. Results showed that average daily feed intake (ADFI) during lactation was higher in groups supplemented ML compared with control group (p < 0.01). Litter weight gain during lactation was higher in M400 than in groups M200 and C (p < 0.05), with no significant difference compared with M100 and M300. Serum glucose concentration in groups M400 and M300 was higher than those in the other groups (p < 0.01). Serum HDL‐C concentration in group M400 was significantly greater than those in groups M100 and M200 (p < 0.05), with no significant difference between group M400 and groups M300, control. Milk amino acid concentrations such as isoleucine, leucine, lysine and valine were all lower in group M400 than in control (p < 0.01). Serum methionine (Met) concentration was higher in M300 than in other groups (p < 0.01). Milk Met concentration in group C was higher than those of the sows in the group M400, with no significant difference compared with groups M100, M200 and M300 (p < 0.05). Serum Lys and Met concentrations were lower in M400 than in control group (p < 0.05). In summary, our results have revealed the ML supplementation at a high dose such as 300 g/day during later gestation and lactation showed benefit in regulating lipid and amino acid metabolism in sows and then improved growth performance of their offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the clinical curative effect of Ilizarov external fixation and ankle arthrodesis in the treatment of elderly traumatic ankle arthritis. Methods: From June 2013 to August 2019, 72 patients with elderly traumatic ankle arthritis were treated with arthrodesis through Ilizarov external fixation technique in our institution. Conventional double‐feet standing X‐ray films were taken before and after operation. The tibiotalar angle on X‐ray image was measured to evaluate the degree of talipes varus and valgus. The Foot and Ankle pain score of American Orthopaedics Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were compared by using paired t‐test to evaluate the functional recovery. Results: All of the patients acquired effective postoperative 18–49 months follow‐up, with an average of 31.5 months. All patients were included in the analysis, among which 38 cases were males and 34 cases were females, with an average of 65.4 years (ranging from 60 to 74). All ankles achieved bony fusion; the clinical healing time was 12.7 weeks on average (11–18 weeks). The AOFAS score was 45.36 ± 6.43 preoperatively and 80.25 ± 9.16 at 12 months post‐operation, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). The VAS score was 8.56 ± 1.85 on average preoperatively and 2.72 ± 0.83 at 12 months post‐operation, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). The tibiotalar angle was 101.93° ± 4.12° preoperatively and 94.45° ± 2.37° at 12 months post‐operation, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). The results of the functional evaluation indicated that 44 patients (61.1%) had excellent results, 18 (25%) had good results, and 10 (13.9%) had fair results. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that it is possible to obtain satisfactory outcome with Ilizarov external fixation and ankle arthrodesis in the treatment of elderly traumatic ankle arthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An herbal prescription is usually composed of several herbal medicines. The complex and diverse components bring great challenges to its bioactivity study. To comprehensively analyze the bioactivity of an herbal prescription, a new strategy based on peak‐by‐peak cutting and knock‐out chromatography was proposed. In this strategy, active compounds were screened out via peak‐by‐peak cutting from an herbal extract, and the influence of a compound on the overall activity of the herbal extract was evaluated by knock‐out chromatography. Qiliqiangxin capsule is an herbal prescription composed of 11 herbal medicines for the treatment of chronic heart failure. A total of 71 peaks were collected through peak‐by‐peak cutting, and each peak was identified by a high‐resolution mass spectrum. The bioassay against 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl showed that two types of compounds namely salvianolic acids and caffeoylquinic acids were potent scavengers. Knock‐out chromatography suggested that the removal of one single compound had no obvious influence on the overall activity of the Qiliqiangxin capsule. After all the main peaks in the Qiliqiangxin capsule were knocked out, the remaining part still exhibited a potent activity, indicating high activity stability of the Qiliqiangxin capsule. The proposed strategy is helpful for the comprehensive analysis of the bioactivity of other herbal prescriptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated the effect of alfalfa hay substituted with ramie silage on the expression of apoptotic genes in the gastrointestinal tract of goats. Thirty‐two goats were randomly allocated into four groups, in which the alfalfa was substituted with ramie at 0%, 35%, 75%, and 100% levels, respectively. In the rumen, the mRNA expression of Bax was significantly up‐regulated (p =.0007) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie; the mRNA expression of Bcl‐2/Bax was significantly down‐regulated (p =.02) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie compared with the 75% substituted treatment; the protein expression of Bcl‐xl was significantly down‐regulated (p =.03) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie compared with 35% and 75% substituted treatments, respectively. In the jejunum, the mRNA expression of p53 was significantly up‐regulated (p =.01) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie compared with 0% and 35% substituted treatments; the protein expression of p53 was significantly up‐regulated (p =.001) when alfalfa was 35% substituted by ramie compared with 0% and 75% substituted treatments. However, the activity of Caspase‐3 was not affected by different substituting levels of ramie in the rumen and jejunum of goats (p >.05). In conclusion, ramie with high substitution had strong antinutritional effect, which might promote the apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract of goats in a caspase‐independent manner, thus affecting the growth and development of goat. It was suggested that ramie should not replace alfalfa more than 35% in the process of goat feeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Complete right bundle branch block (CRBBB) is an important predictor of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation. However, the association between CRBBB and AF development remains unclear. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 2639 patients (male, n = 1549; female, n = 1090; mean age, 58 ± 13 years). CRBBB was defined as a late R (R′) wave in lead V1 or V2 with a slurred S wave in lead I and/or lead V6 with a prolonged QRS duration (≥120 ms). Results: Among the 2639 patients, CRBBB was detected in 40 patients (1.5%), and the prevalence of AF was 7.4% (196/2639). The proportion of patients with AF and CRBBB was higher than the proportion of patients with AF without CRBBB (22.5% vs. 7.2%; p = 0.001). In the forward multivariate logistic analysis, CRBBB (odds ratio [OR], 3.329; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.350–8.211; p = 0.009), complete left bundle branch block (OR, 2.209; 95% CI, 1.238–3.940; p = 0.007), age (OR, 1.020; 95% CI, 1.005–1.035; p = 0.009), valvular heart disease (OR, 2.332; 95% CI, 1.531–3.552; p < 0.001), left atrial diameter (OR, 1.133; 95% CI, 1.104–1.163; p < 0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction (OR, 1.023; 95% CI, 1.006–1.041; p = 0.007), and class I or III anti‐arrhythmic drug use (OR, 10.534; 95% CI, 7.090–15.651; p < 0.001) were associated with AF. Conclusion: Complete right bundle branch block was significantly associated with AF development in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, published in Angewandte Chemie International Edition, discusses various research articles in the field of chemistry. One article focuses on differentiating chiroptical signals in a topologically chiral [2]catenane using spectroscopy techniques. Another article explores an innovative approach to remediate and upcycle NOx pollutants using organonickel pincer catalysis. A third article presents a method for accessing chiral atropisomers through a dynamic kinetic asymmetric reaction. Additionally, the article mentions research on a new material that functions as a long afterglow emitter and photocatalyst, as well as a method for electrochemically monitoring single vesicle dynamics. [Extracted from the article]

This document, titled "Titelbild: Unraveling the Origin of Multichannel Circularly Polarized Luminescence in a Pyrene-Functionalized Topologically Chiral [2]Catenane," is a research article published in Angewandte Chemie. The article discusses the use of time-resolved circularly polarized luminescence (TRCPL) spectroscopy and transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy to differentiate between chiroptical signals originating from topological or Euclidean chirality in a topologically chiral [2]catenane. Another research article by Yunhoo Lee et al. presents an innovative approach to remediating and upcycling NOx pollutants using organonickel pincer catalysis. Xiaoping Xue, Ruixian Deng et al. present a symmetric-anion-mediated dynamic kinetic asymmetric Knoevenagel reaction for accessing axial chiral atropisomers in their research article. Shujun Li, Zhijun Chen, Bernd Strehmel et al. demonstrate the performance of a new material produced by confinement of cellulose-based carbon dots in their research article, which functions as a long afterglow emitter and photocatalyst. Lastly, Ru-Jia Yu, Yi-Tao Long et al. report on the development of a synapse-mimicking nanopipette method for electrochemically monitoring single vesicle dynamics induced by lipid-tau interactions in their communication. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper, we have compared and analyzed the effect of laparoscopic and open surgical treatments in children with congenital megacolon. To address this, a total of 64 children with congenital megacolon who underwent surgery in the hospital, particularly from April 2014 to December 2020, were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control and observation groups by the random number table method, with 32 cases in each group. The control and observation groups were treated with open surgical and laparoscopic treatments, respectively. The treatment effects of the two groups were compared. The enema time, operation time, blood loss, anal defecation time, and duration of postoperative hospital stay of the observation group were lower than those of the control group. The comparison between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in CRP and WBC between the two groups before surgery (P > 0.05). The CRP level and WBC of the two groups were both increased after operation, the CRP level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), the WBC of the two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The rate of excellent and good defecation in the observation group on the 7th day after surgery was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in Krickenbeck scores between the two groups before surgery (P > 0.05); 6 months after the surgery, the score of Krickenbeck in both groups increased, and that of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, indicating a difference in the overall score (P < 0.05). The total complication rate within 7 days after surgery in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Laparoscopic treatment of congenital megacolon could improve surgical indicators and reduce stress response in children, improve defecation and anal function, reduce the risk of complications, and promote recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital polymers with precisely arranged binary units provide an important option for information storage. This is especially true if the digital polymers are assembled in a device, as it would be of great benefit for data writing and reading in practice. Herein, inspired by the DNA microarray technique, the programmable information storing and reading on a mass spectrometry target plate is proposed. First, an array of 4‐bit sequence‐coded dithiosuccinimide oligomers is efficiently built through sequential thiol‐maleimide Michael couplings with good sequence readability by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Then, toward engineering microarrays for information storage, a programmed robotic arm is specifically designed for precisely loading sequence‐coded oligomers onto the target plate, and a decoding software is developed for efficient readout of the data from MS/MS sequencing. Notably, short sequence‐coded oligomer chains can be used to write long strings of information, and extra error‐correction codes are not required as usual due to the inherent concomitant fragmentation signals. Not only text but also bitimages can be automatically stored and decoded with excellent accuracy. This work provides a promising platform of digital polymers for programmable information storing and reading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of Ilizarov ankle arthrodesis in the treatment of end‐stage varus ankle osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: This was a retrospective study of 63 patients with varus ankle OA who underwent Ilizarov ankle arthrodesis between June 2013 and December 2018. There were 24 males and 39 females with an average age of 56.57 ± 4.45 years (range, 47–64 years). Thirty‐six cases were affected on the left side, and 27 were affected on the right side. The patients' mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.18 ± 2.93 kg/m2. According to the modified Takakura staging criteria, there were 18 cases of stage 3b (28.57%) and 45 cases of stage 4 (71.43%). Nine patients were primary (14.29%), 48 were traumatic (76.19%), and six were caused by rheumatoid OA (9.52%). Functional assessments were performed according to the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle‐hindfoot score, Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS), and visual analogue scale (VAS). The tibial anterior surface angle (TAS), coronal plane tibial‐talar angle (CPT), talar tilt angle (TT), deformity angle (DA), and tibial lateral surface angle (TLS) were assessed on X‐ray films. Results: The average operation time was 147.84 ± 13.67 min (range, 135–168 min). The average follow‐up time was 34.24 ± 8.72 months (range, 24–61 months). Bony fusion was achieved in all ankles, and the fusion time was 12.43 ± 1.99 weeks on average. The average AOFAS score at the final follow‐up increased from 42.14 ± 8.66 to 80.90 ± 6.80. The average VAS score and AOS pain and disability scores at the final follow‐up decreased from 7.29 ± 1.27 to 2.24 ± 0.94, from 67.94 ± 7.68 to 27.92 ± 5.82, and from 71.64 ± 9.37 to 41.32 ± 8.99, respectively. The average TAS, CPT, and TLS at the final follow‐up increased from 77.76° ± 4.44° to 89.81° ± 1.25°, from 69.04° ± 3.73° to 90.43° ± 1.80°, and from 82.14° ± 3.77° to 88.67° ± 2.50°, respectively. The average TT and DA at the final follow‐up decreased from 8.76° ± 4.30° to 2.05° ± 1.28° and from 20.95° ± 3.73° to 1.57° ± 0.93°, respectively. Three patients developed superficial pin tract infections, all settled with local dressing and antibiotic treatment. Two patients were found to have subtalar arthritis and underwent conservative treatment. Conclusion: Ankle arthrodesis using the Ilizarov technique is efficient in treating end‐stage varus ankle OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]