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Static repellency and pressure resistance to liquids are essential for high‐performance super‐omniphobic surfaces. However, these two merits appear mutually exclusive in conventional designs because of their conflicting structural demands: Static liquid repellency necessitates minimal solid–liquid contact, which in turn inevitably undercuts the surface's ability to resist liquid invasion exerted by the elevated pressure. Here, inspired by the Springtail, these two merits can be simultaneously realized by structuring surfaces at two size scales, with a micrometric reentrant structure providing static liquid repellency and a nanometric reentrant structure providing pressure resistance, which dexterously avoids the dilemma of their structural conflicts. The nanometric reentrants are densely packed on the micrometric ones, serving as "armor" that prevents liquids invasion by generating multilevel energy barriers, thus naming the surface as the armored reentrants (AR) surface. The AR surface could repel liquids with very low surface tensions, such as silicone oil (21 mN m−1), and simultaneously resist great pressure from the liquids, exemplified by enduring the impact of low‐surface‐tension liquids under a high weber number (>400), the highest‐pressure resistance ever reported. With its scalable fabrication and enhanced performance, our design could extend the application scope of liquid‐repellent surfaces toward ultimate industrial settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Derivation of human hepatocytes from pluripotent stem cells in vitro has important applications including cell therapy and drug discovery. However, the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into hepatocytes in vitro was not well recapitulated the development of liver. Here, we developed a differentiation protocol by mimicking the two‐stage development of hepatoblasts, which permits the efficient generation of hepatic progenitor cells from chemically induced pluripotent stem cells (hCiPSCs). Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) indicates the similarity between hepatoblasts differentiated in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, hCiPSC‐derived hepatic progenitor cells can further differentiate into hepatocytes that are similar to primary human hepatocytes with respect to gene expression and key hepatic functions. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of generating hepatic progenitor cells and hepatocytes from hCiPSCs with high efficiency and set the foundation for broad translational applications of hCiPSC‐derived hepatocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Harvesting renewable water energy in various formats such as raindrops, waves, and evaporation is one of the key strategies for achieving global carbon neutrality. The recent decade has witnessed rapid advancement of the droplet‐based electricity generator (DEG) with a continuous leap in the instantaneous output power density from 50 W/m2 to several kW/m2. Despite this, further pushing the upper limit of the output performance of DEG is still constrained by low surface charge density and long precharging time. Here, we report a DEG incorporating the Kelvin water dropper (K‐DEG) that can generate an ultrahigh instantaneous power density of 105 W/m2 upon one droplet impinging. In this design, the Kelvin water dropper continuously replenishes the high density of surface charges on DEG, while DEG fully releases these surface charges into electric output. K‐DEG with such a high output can directly light five 6‐W commercial lamps and even charge a cellphone by using falling droplets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Table grapes are susceptible to external pathogens during postharvest storage. The resulting continuous oxidative stress causes damage and aging, thereby reducing the defense against disease. In this study, the effect of biocontrol yeast T‐2 on the storage performance of grapes was evaluated. After T‐2 treatment, the grapefruits rot rate and lesion diameter caused by Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) were significantly decreased at 2–5 days after inoculation (DAI). Additionally, the browning rate and shedding rate of grapefruit during storage were significantly reduced at 2–5 DAI, and the weight loss rate was significantly reduced at 3–5 DAI. The decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in grapefruits at 1–5 DAI with T‐2 indicated a reduction in oxidative damage. Furthermore, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), phenylalanin ammonia‐lyase (PAL) were significantly increased during most storage time after being treated with T‐2. Moreover, the contents of total phenolics and flavonoids and the expression levels of key enzyme genes in metabolic pathways were increased after T‐2 treatment during most postharvest storage time, providing evidence that T‐2 changed the biological process of phenolic flavonoid metabolism. The increase in enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants after treatment with T‐2 reflected the strengthening of the antioxidant system, hence postponing fruit senescence and promoting storage performance under the stress of B. cinerea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of service (QoS) is a momentous performance index of wireless ad hoc networks. However, unreasonable channel allocation will degrade the QoS. During the process of channel allocation, if user requests for idle channels are rejected, the QoS will lower accordingly. In this paper, we propose a dynamic channel allocation strategy for QoS enhancement to enhance the QoS and reduce the rejection rate of idle channel requests. First of all, the channel availability model is modeled as a Continuous Time Markov Chain in a bid to calculate the channel availability which is used to compute the channel availability factor (CAF) and the channel availability threshold (CAT). Then, the dynamic channel allocation process is achieved based on the comparison result of CAF and CAT. Ultimately, the QoS is guaranteed by exploiting the earliest deadline first algorithm to forward packets and enhanced by using the packet segmentation algorithm to divide packets into packet flows. The simulation results prove that the proposed channel allocation strategy increases the packet delivery ratio and throughput, decreases the end‐to‐end delay and total overhead and shows a QoS enhancement than existing schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been long‐pursued but remains a challenge to precisely manipulate the molecular assembly process to obtain desired functional structures. Reported here is the control over the assembly of solute molecules, by a programmed recrystallization of solvent crystal grains, to form micro/nanoparticles with tunable sizes and crystalline forms. A quantitative correlation between the protocol of recrystallization temperature and the assembly kinetics results in precise control over the size of assembled particles, ranging from single‐atom catalysts, pure drug nanoparticles, to sub‐millimeter organic‐semiconductor single crystals. The extensive regulation of the assembly rates leads to the unique and powerful capability of tuning the stacking of molecules, involving the formation of single crystals of notoriously crystallization‐resistant molecules and amorphous structures of molecules with a very high propensity to crystallize, which endows it with wide‐ranging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Letter presents an interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) imaging method based on L1 regularisation joint reconstruction model via complex approximated message passing (CAMP). The proposed method enables to ensure the preservation of background information via CAMP and interferometric phase difference information among multiple channels via L1 regularisation joint reconstruction model. Compared with conventional matched filtering results, the proposed method can improve the performance of interferometric phase noise reduction and the continuity of interference fringes, which has broad application prospect in InSAR imaging. Experiments carried out on real data confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method with improved performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A compact waveguide 3‐dB hybrid with full bandwidth is proposed in this Letter. The tight coupling and full bandwidth of Ka‐band (from 26.3 to 40 GHz) are achieved by introducing multi‐sections of waveguide with different width and depth, together with loaded posts on the bottom of some waveguide sections. The whole structure is symmetric both longitudinally and transversely (patent pending). The measured results show that return loss and isolation of the hybrid better than 25 dB and 26 dB, respectively, phase difference of the two output terminals within 90° ± 3° and the power‐split unbalance within 3.1 dB ± 0.5 dB are achieved over the full Ka‐band waveguide bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]