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Prevention of fatal side effects during cancer therapy of cancer patients with high‐dosed pharmacological inhibitors is to date a major challenge. Moreover, the development of drug resistance poses severe problems for the treatment of patients with leukemia or solid tumors. Particularly drug‐mediated dimerization of RAF kinases can be the cause of acquired resistance, also called "paradoxical activation." In the present work we re‐analyzed the effects of different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) on the proliferation, metabolic activity, and survival of the Imatinib‐resistant, KIT V560G, D816V‐expressing human mast cell (MC) leukemia (MCL) cell line HMC‐1.2. We observed that low concentrations of the TKIs Nilotinib and Ponatinib resulted in enhanced proliferation, suggesting paradoxical activation of the MAPK pathway. Indeed, these TKIs caused BRAF‐CRAF dimerization, resulting in ERK1/2 activation. The combination of Ponatinib with the MEK inhibitor Trametinib, at nanomolar concentrations, effectively suppressed HMC‐1.2 proliferation, metabolic activity, and induced apoptotic cell death. Effectiveness of this drug combination was recapitulated in the human KIT D816V MC line ROSAKIT D816V and in KIT D816V hematopoietic progenitors obtained from patient‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) and systemic mastocytosis patient samples. In conclusion, mutated KIT‐driven Imatinib resistance and possible TKI‐induced paradoxical activation can be efficiently overcome by a low concentration Ponatinib and Trametinib co‐treatment, potentially reducing the negative side effects associated with MCL therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Epistaxis is the most common otolaryngological emergency and up to one third of patients in treated on an inpatient basis take oral anticoagulants (OAC). Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC), an OAC subgroup, have been on the market since 2010 and are being increasingly prescribed due to the cardiological and haematological guidelines that favour them over vitamin K antagonists (VKA), the older of the OAC subgroups. The present study aims to investigate which subgroup of epistaxis patients taking OACs has a more favourable outcome. Design/setting: A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed according to the PRISMA 2020 statement using the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Continuous data were analysed and standardised mean difference (SMD) was calculated according to Hedges' g. Dichotomous data were analysed, and the Mantel‐Haenszel method was applied to establish the odds ratio (OR). Heterogeneity was assessed according to the I2 statistics. Main outcome/results: A total of eight reports covering 1390 patients were included in the final synthesis. The pooled analysis demonstrated significantly shorter hospital stays in the DOAC group (SMD = −0.22, 95% CI−0.42 to −0.02, p =.03) and a significantly higher rate of posterior bleeding in the VKA group (OR =.39, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.68, p =.001). No statistically significant differences with regard to recurrence rates, admission rates, the need for transfusion or surgical intervention (p =.57,.12,.57 and.38 respectively) were found. Conclusion: According to this meta‐analysis, epistaxis patients taking DOACs have a more favourable outcome than patients taking VKAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autophagy is a ubiquitous catabolic process, which causes cellular bulk degradation through vesicular engulfment of obsolete, damaged or harmful cytoplasmic components. While autophagy regulates cellular homeostasis during development and in youth, there is mounting evidence that autophagy becomes increasingly dysfunctional with age. Recent work in Caenorhabditis elegans even suggests that late‐life dysfunctional autophagy exhibits detrimental effects that drive the ageing process. Other studies link elevated autophagy closely to increased health and longevity. This review aims to put these apparently opposing views into perspective and define our current understanding of the role of autophagy during ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lehrmittelfirmen bieten für viele physikalische Größen eigene externe Sensoren an, die nicht nur vom PC, sondern auch vom Tablet oder Smartphone ausgelesen werden können. Dies kann beispielsweise genutzt werden, um den hydrostatischen Druck in Abhängigkeit von der Tiefe zu messen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Internet-mediated communication in health care is becoming increasingly important. The purpose of this study was to analyze internet-mediated physician-patient interaction in an angioma center. Methods Patient-related e-mails received between January 2002 and June 2009 were retrospectively analyzed regarding the diagnosis of hemangiomas or vascular malformations. Additionally, the visitors' statistics of the corresponding website ''www.angiome.de' was evaluated. Results Five hundred forty-eight e-mails matched the criteria of the study. From 2002 to 2008, the number of messages registered annually increased by a factor of 20 and the average number of e-mails per patient tripled. The number of new patients contacting the center via e-mail increased from 12 to 72 per year. The website ''www.angiome.de' was visited 8490 times in 2008 and 13,291 times in 2009. Conclusion The presence of the internet is relevant to get in touch with new patients and to provide information for nonprofessionals and experts especially in diseases with low incidence. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 187-190, 2014 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eine Simulation zum senkrechten Stoß auf eine rollende Kugel hilft Lernenden, den Kraftbegriff in der Newtonschen Dynamik zu verstehen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mit der App Science Journal kann man nicht nur die Daten der integrierten Sensoren auslesen, sondern hat darüber hinaus ein digitales Notizbuch für verschiedene Experimente an einem Ort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eine Smartphone‐App macht es möglich, die Internationale Raumstation ISS am Nachthimmel zu orten und ihre Flugbahn zu beobachten. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We have developed a new approach for endoscopic minimally invasive thyroidectomy (eMIT) in anatomical studies. Safety and feasibility were demonstrated in an animal study and then the eMIT technique was applied for the first time successfully in humans on the 18 March 2009. Methods: In a prospective study, we performed this eMIT technique on eight patients suffering from nodular change of the thyroid gland. All patients were evaluated regarding recurrent laryngeal nerve function, intra- and postoperative complications, and postoperative outcome, particularly with respect to swallowing disorders. Results: A total thyroidectomy and a partial resection were performed in four cases each. In three cases, a conversion to open surgery was necessary due to specimen size. No local infection at the incision site or within the cervical spaces occurred within the direct postoperative course. No intraoperative bleeding necessitating conversion to open surgery was observed. In one case, a permanent palsy of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve was noted. Voice function and breathing were not affected. Paresthesia of the mental nerve did not occur in all patients and in those in which it did occur, it resolved within 3 weeks. Mean follow-up time was 10.9 months. Conclusions: The experimental development of the eMIT technique has led to its first clinical application in humans. In this prospective proof-of-concept study in humans, the thyroid gland was reached via the transoral endoscopic approach in an anatomically defined layer without any relevant damage to vessels. Limitations to this technique are determined by specimen volume (up to 30 ml) and nodule size (up to 20 mm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mit eigens für die Videoanalyse geschaffenen Apps lassen sich komplexe Bewegungsabläufe mit Smartphone oder Tablet schnell und bequem „out‐of‐the‐box" analysieren. Ein Beispiel dafür ist die im Folgenden vorgestellte iPad‐App NewtonDV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mit Hilfe eines Smartphones lässt sich ermitteln, wo es bei einem Gewitter geblitzt hat und ob das Gewitter näherkommt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Die App Physics Toolbox Light Sensor misst mit Hilfe des integrierten Lichtsensors die Beleuchtungsstärke. Damit können beispielsweise unterschiedliche Kompaktleuchtstoffröhren, auch bekannt als Energiesparlampen, genauer untersucht werden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mit dem App AccelVisu für iPhone und iPod touch steht eine Möglichkeit zur Verfügung, gleichzeitig Richtung und Betrag einer beschleunigten Bewegungen direkt sichtbar zu machen. Dies kann sehr aufschlussreich für das grundlegende Verständnis von Beschleunigungen sein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Im Zusammenspiel mit einem Bluetooth‐Verstärker kann man Smartphones als leistungsstarke, vielseitig einsetzbare Funktionsgeneratoren nutzen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physikalische Größen sind bei aerodynamischen Vorgängen schwer beobachtbar. Die App Wind Tunnel ermöglicht es, Zusammenhänge zu visualisieren und physikalische Größen zu berechnen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of three commercial aryl phosphate flame retardants (FRs; bisphenol A bis(diphenyl diphosphate) [BDP], triphenyl phosphate (TPP), and a proprietary oligomeric phosphate ester (OPE)) and a compatibilizer (methacrylate‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer [MBS]) on the thermal and mechanical properties of FR‐recycled PC/acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (r‐PC/r‐ABS) blends are investigated. The addition of FRs to r‐PC/r‐ABS blends increases the storage, tensile, and flexural moduli, indicating a reinforcing effect. However, at elevated temperatures, FRs reduce the glass transition temperature and act as plasticizers. The thermal stability of r‐PC/r‐ABS/FR blends at 10% mass loss increases in the following order: r‐PC/r‐ABS/TPP < r‐PC/r‐ABS/BDP < r‐PC/r‐ABS/OPE < r‐PC/r‐ABS/OPE/MBS. Kinetics of thermal decomposition of the FR r‐PC/r‐ABS blends is studied calculating the thermal decomposition activation energies by the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method. Scanning electron microscopy shows that r‐PC/r‐ABS/OPE blend is only partly miscible, while homogeneous structure is formed in the r‐PC/r‐ABS/OPE/MBS blend, which is supported by its good mechanical and thermal properties. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48377. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here presented are the properties and performance of a new metallo‐dielectric waveguide array structure as the encapsulation material for silicon solar cells. The arrays are produced through light‐induced self‐writing combined with in situ photochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Each waveguide comprises a cylindrical core consisting of a high refractive index polymer and silver nanoparticles homogenously dispersed in its medium, all of which are surrounded by a low refractive index common cladding. The waveguide array‐based films are processed directly over a silicon solar cell. Arrays with systematically varied concentration of AgSbF6 as the salt precursor are explored. The structures are tested for their wide‐angle light capture capabilities, specifically toward enhanced conversion efficiency and current production of encapsulated solar cells. Observed are increases in the external quantum efficiency, especially at wide incident angles up to 70°, and nominal increases in the short circuit current density by 1 mA cm−2 (relative to an array without nanoparticles). Enhanced light collection is explained in terms of the beneficial effect of scattering by the nanoparticles along the waveguide cores. This is a promising approach toward solar cell encapsulants that aid to increase solar cell output over both the course of the day and year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mit der App Motion Track lassen sich durch Simulationen spielerisch Erfahrungen mit Kräften auf einen bewegten Körper machen, die zu einem Verständnis der Newtonschen Axiome beitragen können. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Die Android‐App Sun Locator (Lite) zeigt nicht nur per Kameraeinblendung den aktuellen Sonnen‐ und Mondstand an, sondern ermöglicht in der kostenpflichtigen Pro‐Version auch die Simulation ihres Verlaufs innerhalb eines Jahres. Zusätzlich stehen Informationen wie die aktuelle Tageslänge oder die Uhrzeit des Sonnenauf‐ und ‐untergangs zur Verfügung. Sun Locator eignet sich deshalb sowohl für praktische Anwendung wie Fotografie als auch für didaktische Zwecke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]