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Benign breast disease (BBD) is an established breast cancer (BC) risk factor, but it is unclear whether the magnitude of the association applies to women at familial or genetic risk. This information is needed to improve BC risk assessment in clinical settings. Using the Prospective Family Study Cohort, we used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of BBD with BC risk. We also examined whether the association with BBD differed by underlying familial risk profile (FRP), calculated using absolute risk estimates from the Breast Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm (BOADICEA) model. During 176,756 person‐years of follow‐up (median: 10.9 years, maximum: 23.7) of 17,154 women unaffected with BC at baseline, we observed 968 incident cases of BC. A total of 4,704 (27%) women reported a history of BBD diagnosis at baseline. A history of BBD was associated with a greater risk of BC: HR = 1.31 (95% CI: 1.14–1.50), and did not differ by underlying FRP, with HRs of 1.35 (95% CI: 1.11–1.65), 1.26 (95% CI: 1.00–1.60), and 1.40 (95% CI: 1.01–1.93), for categories of full‐lifetime BOADICEA score <20%, 20 to <35%, ≥35%, respectively. There was no difference in the association for women with BRCA1 mutations (HR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.04–2.58), women with BRCA2 mutations (HR: 1.34; 95% CI: 0.78–2.3) or for women without a known BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation (HR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.13–1.53) (pinteraction = 0.95). Women with a history of BBD have an increased risk of BC that is independent of, and multiplies, their underlying familial and genetic risk. What's new? Benign breast disease (BBD) is an established breast cancer (BC) risk factor, but it is unclear whether the magnitude of the association applies to women at familial or genetic risk. To find out, the authors used a family‐based prospective cohort of women enriched for breast cancer family history (BCFH) to examine the association of BBD with BC risk. They observed a 30% increased BC risk associated with BBD, independent of BCFH. Previous studies have been underpowered to examine this interaction with extent of family history; this study confirms the importance of both BBD and BCFH when performing clinical risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study to estimate the prevalence of the use of cancer risk-reducing measures among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers in Australia. Results of the study suggest that there is potential scope to increase the uptake of cancer risk-reducing measures among Australian BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Findings encourage future study of the factors contributing to low uptake in the country and changes to policy and practice to reduce cancer incidence.