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The development of a persistent luminescence system with long‐lived phosphorescence and color‐tunable afterglow at room temperature represents a challenge, largely due to the intensive non‐radiative deactivation pathway. In this study, an ultralong‐lived room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) system has been achieved using a hydrogen‐bonding strategy where poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrices were doped with tryptophan (Trp) derivatives. The PVA film doped with N‐α‐(9‐Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)‐L‐tryptophan (Fmoc‐L‐Trp) exhibited a long‐lived phosphorescence emission of up to 3859.70 ms, and a blue afterglow for a duration greater than 34 s, under ambient conditions. The introduction of two other fluorescent dyes (i. e. Rhodamine B and Basicred14) to the PVA film facilitates adjustment to the color of the afterglow from blue to orange, and pink, by a triplet‐to‐singlet Förster‐resonance energy transfer (TS‐FRET) process. These films have been successfully applied in silk‐screen printing and in multicolor afterglow light‐emitting diode (LED) arrays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accurate delineation of tumor is the key to successful radiotherapy. Compared with the commonly used manual delineation ways, which are time‐consuming and laborious, the automatic segmentation methods based on deep learning can greatly improve the treatment efficiency. Methods: In this paper, we introduce an automatic segmentation method by combining coarse and fine segmentations for NSCLC. Coarse segmentation network is the first level, identifing the rough region of the tumor. In this network, according to the tissue structure distribution of the thoracic cavity where tumor is located, we designed a competition method between tumors and organs at risk (OARs), which can increase the proportion of the identified tumor covering the ground truth and reduce false identification. Fine segmentation network is the second level, carrying out precise segmentation on the results of the coarse level. These two networks are independent of each other during training. When they are used, morphological processing of small scale corrosion and large scale expansion is used for the coarse segmentation results, and the outcomes are sent to the fine segmentation part as input, so as to achieve the complementary advantages of the two networks. Results: In the experiment, CT images of 200 patients with NSCLC are used to train the network, and CT images of 60 patients are used to test. Finally, our method produced the Dice similarity coefficient of 0.78 ± 0.10. Conclusions: The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately segment the tumor with NSCLC, and can also provide support for clinical diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the main quest of science has been the pioneering of the groundbreaking biomedical strategies needed for achieving a personalized medicine. Ribonucleic acids (RNAs) are outstanding bioactive macromolecules identified as pivotal actors in regulating a wide range of biochemical pathways. The ability to intimately control the cell fate and tissue activities makes RNA‐based drugs the most fascinating family of bioactive agents. However, achieving a widespread application of RNA therapeutics in humans is still a challenging feat, due to both the instability of naked RNA and the presence of biological barriers aimed at hindering the entrance of RNA into cells. Recently, material scientists' enormous efforts have led to the development of various classes of nanostructured carriers customized to overcome these limitations. This work systematically reviews the current advances in developing the next generation of drugs based on nanotechnology‐assisted RNA delivery. The features of the most used RNA molecules are presented, together with the development strategies and properties of nanostructured vehicles. Also provided is an in‐depth overview of various therapeutic applications of the presented systems, including coronavirus disease vaccines and the newest trends in the field. Lastly, emerging challenges and future perspectives for nanotechnology‐mediated RNA therapies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a single‐stage procedure using single‐layer Pelnac and defatted avulsed skin for the management of degloving injuries of the forearm and hand. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted from March 2013 to May 2017. A total of 15 consecutive patients with degloving injuries of the forearm and hand were treated with a single‐stage procedure using single‐layer Pelnac and defatted avulsed skin as a split‐thickness skin graft. Post‐operatively, scheduled follow‐up was conducted. Results: The overall 'take' rate of the Pelnac dermal template and the skin graft was 85–100%. No infections, haematoma or seroma were observed during hospitalization and after discharge. At the final follow‐up, patients' subjective satisfaction with the aesthetic appearance of the grafted areas was, on average, 71.0 (SD 8.0, range 55–92). The Vancouver Scar Scale value was 2.1 (SD 1.8, range 1.0–5.5), representing a good result. The response of 'normal or near normal' to the sensory recovery was obtained for 13 patients and 'slight loss' for two patients. The average Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score was 21.2 (SD 13.5, range 0–53), and most patients (14/15) regained the ability to perform the daily activities without pain or restriction by tissue adhesion. Conclusion: This single‐stage procedure represents an effective technique for the management of degloving injuries of the forearm and hand and should be considered an alternative to other reconstructive procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this report we present our study on the assembly process of both the 8 inches substrate assembling as well as the single LCOS module. After the process parameter optimization, 6 um±0.3 um thickness variation were obtained for the 8 inches substrate which is suitable for the WSS based application. Assembly process of single LCOS with 5.8±0.1 um thickness was finally obtained with the optimized process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we propose an switchable anti‐spy display device, which has two modes. And we creatively propose to use a brightness enhancement film with polarization function to improve the brightness of the vertical view. In the anti‐spy mode, the display content cannot be clearly recognized by human eyes on the left and right side, but it can be recognized in other directions. In the sharing mode, the display contents can be seen clearly from all perspectives. The anti‐spy display device includes an anti‐spy module and a display module, which is used to display the information, and the anti‐ spy module is used for switching between the sharing mode and the anti‐spy mode. This anti‐spy display device can protect personal privacy and share information with friends or colleagues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene oxide (GO) is an amphiphilic soft material, which can accumulate at the water-air interface. However, GO sheets diffuse slowly in the aqueous phase because of their large size. It is still challenging to form high quality GO films in a controllable and simple way. In this study, we showed that GO sheets can quickly migrate to the water-air interface and form thin films when a suitable amount of acetone is directly mixed with a GO aqueous dispersion. The film formation rate and surface coverage of GO sheets depend on the volume of acetone added, GO dispersion concentration, and formation time. Among several organic solvents, acetone has its advantage for GO film formation owing to its three properties: a nonsolvent to GO aqueous dispersions, miscible with a GO aqueous dispersion, and fast evaporation. Furthermore, we have found that the film formation also is governed by the size of GO sheets and their oxygen content. Although smaller GO sheets could migrate to the water-air interface faster, the overlapping of small GO sheets and the increase in contact resistance is not desirable. A higher oxygen content in GO sheets could also result in smaller GO sheets. Multilayer GO films can be obtained through layer-by-layer dip-coating. These findings open opportunities in developing simple scalable GO film fabrication processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]