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This article describes a case of canaliculitis, a rare disease that affects the lower lacrimal canaliculus. The patient, a 93-year-old male, presented with an eroded lesion on the eyelid margin that had been growing slowly over the past two years. The clinical examination alone was not sufficient for an accurate diagnosis, so dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) were used to further evaluate the lesion. An excisional biopsy confirmed the presence of chronic canaliculitis. The article emphasizes the importance of a thorough and methodical approach in diagnosing this rare condition and highlights the need for biopsy and histological assessment to rule out skin malignancies. [Extracted from the article]

Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is considered the gold standard treatment for skin cancers. Though the high cure rates it offers, MMS presents some disadvantages, as it is a relatively time-consuming procedure involving several professionals (physicians and technicians). A better definition of tumor margins in the preoperative setting with any optical noninvasive diagnostic method may reduce the numbers of MMS steps and the overall duration of the procedure. The present review was conducted and reported using validated search strategies from the following databases: PUBMED and Ovid MEDLINE. Our review describes the use of procedures such as dermoscopy, optical coherence tomography, reflectance confocal microscopy and fluorescent confocal microscopy to determine tumor extension in the preoperative setting of Mohs surgery for the treatment of skin cancers. Presurgical margin assessment with noninvasive diagnostic techniques seem to provide a benefit in the patients' management, especially for tumors located in critical areas with a high risk of recurrence. The use is limited to the high costs and limited availability of new technologies., (© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)