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Diabet. Med. 28, 1311-1318 (2011) Abstract Aim We examined the ability of fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c to predict 5-year incident diabetes for an Australian cohort and a Danish cohort and 6-year incident diabetes for a French cohort, as defined by the corresponding criteria. Methods We studied 6025 men and women from AusDiab (Australian), 4703 from Inter99 (Danish) and 3784 from DESIR (French), not treated for diabetes and with fasting plasma glucose < 7.0 mmol/l and HbA1c < 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) at inclusion. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/l and/or treatment for diabetes or as HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) and/or treatment for diabetes. Results For AusDiab, incident fasting plasma glucose-defined diabetes was more frequent than HbA1c-defined diabetes ( PMcNemar < 0.0001), the reverse applied to Inter99 ( PMcNemar < 0.007) and for DESIR there was no difference ( PMcNema = 0.17). Less than one third of the incident cases were detected by both criteria. Logistic regression models showed that baseline fasting plasma glucose and baseline HbA1c predicted incident diabetes defined by the corresponding criteria. The standardized odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for HbA1c were a little higher than for fasting plasma glucose, but not significantly so. They were respectively, 5.0 (4.1-6.1) and 4.1 (3.5-4.9) for AusDiab, 5.0 (3.6-6.8) and 4.8 (3.6-6.3) for Inter99, 4.8 (3.6-6.5) and 4.6 (3.6-5.9) for DESIR. Conclusions Fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c are good predictors of incident diabetes defined by the corresponding criteria. Despite Diabetes Control and Complications Trial-alignment of the three HbA1c assays, there was a large difference in the HbA1c distributions between these studies, conducted some 10 years ago. Thus, it is difficult to compare absolute values of diabetes prevalence and incidence based on HbA1c measurements from that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resonators are core components in building advanced radio frequency circuits and systems. Tunable resonators are highly needed for adaptive/tunable microwave components including filters and low-noise power amplifiers, which are of great potential for the use in future multi-band multi-carrier systems. This letter reports a wide tunable two-coupled microstrip resonator. One of the lines is replaced by a macro MEMS piezoelectric actuator. When bias is applied, the coupling between the two lines is tuned; as a consequence, the center frequency is shifted. This work also takes a close look of the actuator's mechanical resonance. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1336–1338, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24308 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]