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Key points: According to the UN, 15% of the world's working‐age population has a disability. This increases to 20% when neurodivergent individuals are also included. Therefore, disability inclusion is something every organization needs to consider if they want to get the best out of their employees.Inclusion involves a combination of highly personalized interactions and highly centralized, often standardized communications with a central team. For disability inclusion to work at organizations of any size, both elements must be in place. Each individual is different, so a flexible approach is needed with an emphasis on asking individuals what they need in order to help everyone to fulfil their potential.Role requirements, interview tasks and workplace environments should directly relate to the desired outcomes for the role. Consider whether the job you are advertising really needs a degree or whether an employee needs to work in the office, for example. Consider sharing interview questions in advance to allow everyone to prepare better. Behaviours that benefit people with disabilities also benefit everyone else.Clear communication channels are important—for accessibility accommodations processes to work, people need to know about them. A single point of contact for disability accommodations within an organization helps to simplify and clarify these processes.The language we use is essential to creating an inclusive environment. Use positive terms like 'share' and avoid outdated, derogatory terms like 'crippled'. Familiarize yourself with the social model of disability to better understand how to frame disability inclusively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Archaeology on Oregon's Coast has been largely limited in scope and has lacked the holistic viewpoint of Indigenous coastal history. Investigations began in earnest around 1930 with avocational archaeologists like Marcus Seale interested in expanding their "trophy item" collections. The male dominated field of professional archaeology began to evolve in the 1940s and 1950s with investigators from varying backgrounds, like Luther Cressman who began studying the material culture of the Oregon Tribes as if they were an extinct group. The 1970s push for federal recognition brought increased Tribal involvement and collaboration with archaeologists such as Richard Everett "Dick" Ross. Unfortunately, Tribes remain largely uninterested in archaeology as Indigenous individuals and communities continue to be left out of the narrative. Cultural resource professionals at major institutions continue to curate "cultural material" under the aegis of science and resource protection while arguing against the repatriation of material based on either lack of skeletal components, or a misguided understanding of "affiliation" and of Native views of sacredness. We explore the legacy of our predecessors and how we as archaeologists must take a more comprehensive Tribal perspective approach to understanding Oregon coastal history and more respectfully manage legacy collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key points: Explains why mass disability data capture is potentially transformative for the scholarly publishing industry.Considers major challenges, particularly focusing on cultural and systemic roadblocks.Offers practical suggestions for a framework, using the accessibility movement as a case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key points: Accessibility is not binary, as easy as flipping a switch, it is closer to a web of interconnected elements, each of which can have serious implications on the accessibility of any content.Publishers need to be mindful of legislations, tools and the imminent arrival of European Accessibility Act requirements to build accessibility into workflows now.The future of accessibility format is EPUB.Authors respond well to requirements to provide alt text for images—so they should be encouraged to do so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The RhD blood group antigen is extremely polymorphic and the DEL phenotype represents one such class of polymorphisms. The DEL phenotype prevalent in East Asian populations arises from a synonymous substitution defined as RHD*1227A. However, initially, based on genomic and cDNA studies, the genetic basis for a DEL phenotype in Taiwan was attributed to a deletion of RHD Exon 9 that was never verified at the genomic level by any other independent group. Here we investigate the genetic basis for a Caucasian donor with a DEL partial D phenotype and compare the genomic findings to those initial molecular studies.Study Design and Methods: The 3'-region of the RHD gene was amplified by long-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for massively parallel sequencing. Primers were designed to encompass a deletion, flanking Exon 9, by standard PCR for Sanger sequencing. Targeted sequencing of exons and flanking introns was also performed.Results: Genomic DNA exhibited a 1012-bp deletion spanning from Intron 8, across Exon 9 into Intron 9. The deletion breakpoints occurred between two 25-bp repeat motifs flanking Exon 9 such that one repeat sequence remained.Conclusion: Deletion mutations bordered by repeat sequences are a hallmark of slipped-strand mispairing (SSM) event. We propose this genetic mechanism generated the germline deletion in the Caucasian donor. Extensive studies show that the RHD*1227A is the most prevalent DEL allele in East Asian populations and may have confounded the initial molecular studies. Review of the literature revealed that the SSM model explains some of the extreme polymorphisms observed in the clinically significant RhD blood group antigen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Red blood cells ( RBCs) with D antigen levels only detected by anti- D adsorption-elution and an antiglobulin test express a DEL phenotype. For two DEL types, including RHD(1227 G> A), immunization of D- recipients has been reported. This study's aim was to measure the prevalence of DEL-associated RHD alleles in a cohort of Australian D- donors to develop a model to estimate alloimmunization risk. Study Design and Methods D-, C+ and/or E+ blood donors were screened for RHD exons using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Donors with RHD signals were DEL phenotyped with MCAD6 anti- D. RHD alleles were characterized via single-nucleotide polymorphism array or sequencing. Extended DEL phenotyping was performed with an anti- D panel. Results Among 2027 donors, 39 carried RHD alleles that have been previously reported to associate with either the DEL or the weak D phenotype. An additional five donors carried previously unreported RHD alleles and exhibited the DEL phenotype: RHD( IVS2-2del A), RHD( IVS1+ 5 G> C), RHD(ex9:del/ CE), and RHD(ex8:del/ CE) represented twice. In total, DEL/weak D-associated RHD alleles were detected in 44 of 2027 donors or 2.17% (95% confidence interval, 1.54%-2.81%). The RHD(1227 G> A) DEL allele was the most frequent (n = 16). The risk of transfusing D- females not more than 40 years of age with an RHD(1227 G> A) DEL RBC unit (when managed as D-) is estimated to be one in 149,109 transfusions (range, 100,680-294,490). Conclusion DEL/weak D-associated RHD alleles were found in 2.17% of Australian D-, C+ and/or E+ blood donors. This differs from previous European reports in that the clinically significant RHD(1227 G> A) DEL allele is the most prevalent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) are an important developmental and embryological model given the optical clarity of the embryos and larvae, which permits real-time viewing of developing pathologies. More recently, a broader scope for these vertebrates to model a range of human diseases, including some cancers, has been indicated. Zebrafish Drgal1-L2 has been identified as an orthologue of mammalian galectin-1, which is is a carbohydrate-binding protein that exhibits β-galactoside-binding specificity and which is overexpressed by many aggressive human cancers. This study describes the cloning, expression in Escherichia coli, purification and crystallization of recombinant Drgal1-L2 protein in the presence of lactose (ligand). X-ray diffraction data from these novel crystals of zebrafish Drgal1-L2 were collected to a resolution of 1.5 Å using a synchrotron-radiation source, enabling their characterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Galectin-1 is considered to be a regulator protein as it is ubiquitously expressed throughout the adult body and is responsible for a broad range of cellular regulatory functions. Interest in galectin-1 from a drug-design perspective is founded on evidence of its overexpression by many cancers and its immunomodulatory properties. The development of galectin-1-specific inhibitors is a rational approach to the fight against cancer because although galectin-1 induces a plethora of effects, null mice appear normal. X-ray crystallographic structure determination will aid the structure-based design of galectin-1 inhibitors. Here, the crystallization and preliminary diffraction analysis of human galectin-1 crystals generated under six different conditions is reported. X-ray diffraction data enabled the assignment of unit-cell parameters for crystals grown under two conditions, one belongs to a tetragonal crystal system and the other was determined as monoclinic P21, representing two new crystal forms of human galectin-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rotaviruses exhibit host-specificity and the first crystallographic information on a rotavirus strain that infects humans is reported here. Recognition and attachment to host cells, leading to invasion and infection, is critically linked to the function of the outer capsid spike protein of the rotavirus particle. In some strains the VP8* component of the spike protein is implicated in recognition and binding of sialic-acid-containing cell-surface carbohydrates, thereby enabling infection by the virus. The cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and initial X-ray diffraction analysis of the VP8* core from human Wa rotavirus is reported. Two crystal forms (trigonal P3221 and monoclinic P21) have been obtained and X-ray diffraction data have been collected, enabling determination of the VP8*64–223 structure by molecular replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rotavirus recognition and attachment to host cells involves interaction with the spike protein VP4 that projects outwards from the surface of the virus particle. An integral component of these spikes is the VP8* domain, which is implicated in the direct recognition and binding of sialic acid-containing cell-surface carbohydrates and facilitates subsequent invasion by the virus. The expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of VP8* from porcine CRW-8 rotavirus is reported. Diffraction data have been collected to 2.3 Å resolution, enabling the determination of the VP8* structure by molecular replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]