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Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are evolutionary conserved transduction pathways involved in many cellular processes. Kinase modules are associated with scaffold proteins that regulate signaling by providing critical spatial and temporal specificities. Some of these scaffold proteins have been shown to be conserved, both in sequence and function. In mouse, the scaffold MP1 (MEK Partner 1) forms a signaling complex with MEK1 and ERK1. In this work, we focus on Drosophila MP1 (dMP1). We show that dMP1 is expressed ubiquitously during embryonic and larval development. By in vitro and in vivo experiments, we show that dMP1 is located in the cytoplasm and the nuclei, and that it interacts with MEK and ERK. Genetic studies with transgenic Drosophila lines allowing either dMP1 over-expression or dMP1 down-regulation by RNA interference highlight dMP1 function in the control of cell differentiation during development of the Drosophila wing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]