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Reported, for the first time is a predistortion scheme for a concurrent dual‐band transmitter with a dual‐band concurrent Doherty power amplifier in the presence of modulator I/Q imbalance and DC offsets. Inverse PA modelling for predistortion is achieved using real valued time delayed neural networks. The model has been validated for a 10 W GaN based dual‐band concurrent Doherty power amplifier for wideband code division multiple access signals at 1960 and 3500 MHz, respectively, and an adjacent channel power ratio improvement of 18 dB is reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the study conducted by researchers from the University of Calgary in Alberta which demonstrates the development of distortions from dual-band modulator imperfections and concurrent operation in a transmitter. It mentions that the researchers proposed a scheme on neural network based digital pre-distortion (DPD) to mitigate the distortions' effect and to improve performance of digital signal processing.

Background: Epinephrine administered by low umbilical venous catheter (UVC) or endotracheal tube (ETT) is indicated in neonates who fail to respond to positive pressure ventilation and chest compressions at birth. Pharmacokinetics of ETT epinephrine via fluid-filled lungs or UVC epinephrine in the presence of fetal shunts is unknown. We hypothesized that epinephrine administered by ETT or low UVC results in plasma epinephrine concentrations and rates of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) similar to right atrial (RA) epinephrine., Methods and Results: Forty-four lambs were randomized into the following groups: RA epinephrine (0.03 mg/kg), low UVC epinephrine (0.03 mg/kg), postcompression ETT epinephrine (0.1 mg/kg), and precompression ETT epinephrine (0.1 mg/kg). Asystole was induced by umbilical cord occlusion. Resuscitation was initiated following 5 minutes of asystole. Thirty-eight of 44 lambs achieved ROSC (10/11, 9/11, and 12/22 in the RA, UVC, and ETT groups, respectively; subsequent RA epinephrine resulted in a total ROSC of 19/22 in the ETT groups). Median time (interquartile range) to achieve ROSC was significantly longer in the ETT group (including those that received RA epinephrine) compared to the intravenous group (4.5 [2.9-7.4] versus 2 [1.9-3] minutes; P =0.02). RA and low UVC epinephrine administration achieved comparable peak plasma epinephrine concentrations (470±250 versus 450±190 ng/mL) by 1 minute compared to ETT values of 130±60 ng/mL at 5 minutes; P =0.03. Following ROSC with ETT epinephrine alone, there was a delayed peak epinephrine concentration (652±240 ng/mL)., Conclusions: The absorption of ETT epinephrine is low and delayed at birth. RA and low UVC epinephrine rapidly achieve high plasma concentrations resulting in ROSC., (© 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell.)