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Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most studied intrinsically conducting polymers. Polyaniline inclusion with different porous materials is a very attractive research area. In this review, the preparation, properties, and applications of PANI composites have been summarized. PANI was found to be promising among the other conducting polymers and incorporated with different materials like graphene, graphene oxide, metal oxide, carbon, carbon nanotube, silica, silicon dioxide, biomolecules, and metal organic frameworks to enhance the area of application. Metal organic framework (MOF) itself has a vast area of application so incorporation of PANI with MOF can open up tremendous possibilities. An attempt has been made to draw attention to the recent spotlight research area that is, PANI‐MOF composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple, cost‐effective, and novel chemical sensor for ammonia (NH3) gas detection was developed from polyaniline (PANI)/quail eggshell (QES) composites. QES is a natural waste enriched in calcium carbonate. In this work, pure PANI was synthesized from chemical oxidation method and PANI/QES composites were prepared from physical mixing of QES with the synthesized PANI at different mass ratio. A series of complementary techniques including Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet‐visible spectrometers, scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive detection coupled with mapping, thermogravimetric analysis, and X‐ray diffractometer were used to characterize the physicochemical and textural properties of the biocomposites. From the results, PANI/QES composite with a mass ratio of 1 exhibited the lowest NH3 detection limit of 5.24 ppm with a linear correlation coefficient (R2) of close to unity (0.9932) between the signal and NH3 gas concentration. As a whole, the PANI/QES biocomposites synthesized from this work exhibited excellent selectivity toward NH3 gas even in the presence of other gas impurities, such as acetone, ethanol, and hexane. For the sensor reusability, the PANI/QES biocomposites can be reused in the application of NH3 gas detection for at least 4 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In general, the high electrical conductivity (EC) comes into conflict with the good flexibility and high strength of carbon nanotube (CNT)/polyaniline (PANI) composites. In other words, a high CNT content will bring about a high EC but lead to a low flexibility and strength due to the CNT-constrained matrix deformation and CNT aggregation. In this work, a highly conductive, flexible and strong CNT/PANI composite film prepared via a facile solvent-evaporation method is readily obtained by a cold stretching. The cold stretching is conducted at room temperature for the CNT/PANI film. It is observed that the cold stretching process leads to an unexpectedly enhanced EC. The as-obtained EC of 231 S/cm is much higher than that (2 -50 S/cm) of the previously reported CNT/PANI composite films. Meanwhile, the strength is obviously improved over that of the pure PANI film and the good flexibility is maintained to a high degree by the introduction of a proper CNT content. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 1575-1585 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]