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Background and Aims: The use of lidocaine aerosol for pediatric tonsil and adenoidectomy has been reported less frequently. We hope to improve the perioperative comfort of pediatric patients undergoing these procedures by applying lidocaine aerosol. Methods: A total of 122 pediatric patients receiving tonsil and adenoidectomy were randomly divided into a lidocaine aerosol group (Group L) and a saline group (Group C), with 61 patients in each group; 2.4% alkaline lidocaine aerosol and saline were sprayed in the pharynx before induction. Our primary outcome were the incidence and rate ratio (RR) of postoperative pharyngeal complications (oropharyngeal dryness, dysphagia, hoarseness, and sore throat) and the pharyngeal comfort score, the latter of which was assessed by the occurrence of the above complications (yes = 0 point, none = 1 point). The secondary outcomes included preoperative and intraoperative blood pressure and heart rate, the incidence of choking during the induction period, the intraoperative opioid dosage, and the pain level and depth of sedation at 2, 6, and 24 h postoperatively. Statistical software used in this study included PASS15.0, SPSS 26.0, and GraphPad Prism 9.3.1, and statistical methods used included the t‐test, the χ² test, the Mann–Whitney U test, and the repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The incidence and RR of postoperative pharyngeal complications such as oropharyngeal dryness (RR: 0.667, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.458–0.970, p = 0.03), dysphagia (RR: 0.333, 95% CI: 0.114–0.976, p = 0.03), hoarseness (RR: 0.647, 95% CI: 0.433–0.967, p = 0.03), and sore throat (RR: 0.727, 95% CI: 0.547–0.967, p = 0.03) were significantly lower in Group L than in Group C at 2 h postoperatively, and the incidence and RR of postoperative sore throat was significantly lower in Group L than in Group C at 6 h postoperatively (RR: 0.717, 95% CI: 0.547–0.942, p = 0.01). The postoperative pharyngeal comfort scores were significantly higher in Group L than in Group C at all postoperative time points (p < 0.05). The Ramsay sedation score was significantly higher (p < 0.01) and FLACC (face, legs, activity, crying, and consolability) score was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in Group L than in Group C at 2 h postoperatively. In Group C, the blood pressure and heart rate significantly faster at all time points immediately after intubation and afterward, except at the end of surgery (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In pediatric tonsil and adenoidectomy, the application of lidocaine aerosol before induction can reduce the incidence of postoperative pharyngeal complications, improve the child's postoperative pharyngeal comfort, and better realize perioperative "comfort medical treatment." Key points: The main results: In pediatric tonsil and adenoidectomy, the application of lidocaine aerosol before induction can reduce the incidence of postoperative pharyngeal complications, improve the child's postoperative pharyngeal comfort, and better realize perioperative "comfort medical treatment."The main limitations of the study: First, there may be a certain selection bias in this study. Second, the degree of response to surrounding environmental stimuli varies among pediatric patients and we could not control. Finally, the potential clinical relevance of 2.4% alkaline lidocaine aerosol is poorly studied.The prospect of research and clinical use: In pediatric tonsil and adenoidectomy, factors such as pharyngeal complications greatly reduce perioperative comfort in pediatric patients. The results of this study show that the application of lidocaine aerosol before induction of general anesthesia can reduce the postoperative pharyngeal complications of this type of surgery, alleviate the postoperative pain, maintain hemodynamic stability, and improve the degree of perioperative comfort of pediatric patients. It can be seen that this study has good clinical significance and application prospects, and is worth promoting and applying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Social media has transformed the interaction between healthcare professionals and consumers, yet research of its use in dietetics is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of dietetic user networks on use of social media and test the applicability of a social media metrics tool to determine influential users. Methods: An online survey about social media use and practices based on the scientific literature was developed and implemented online with dietitians. Feasibility of a social media metrics analysis was conducted via Twitter using the NodeXL metrics tool to determine influential dietetic networks based on four measures of network centrality (betweenness, eigenvector, closeness and degree). Results: The survey (n = 340) revealed social networking sites were the most widely used (by user) (n = 282) and micro‐blogging was the most regularly used (by frequency of use). Among respondents who used social media in a professional capacity (n = 130), the greatest benefit was communicating internationally and remotely while the delivery of health care was of least benefit. The majority of respondents (87.3%) indicated their primary efforts were to maintain e‐professionalism. Time restraints (18.6%) and not knowing where to start (18.6%) were common barriers to use. Highly influential connections between users were observed from network visualisations of dietitians in Australia and the United States. Conclusions: Professional use of social media among dietitians needs to be monitored over time for shifts of influential networks. Influential users from key networks can be identified from metrics analyses and should be engaged via professional bodies to upskill new users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]