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Patients were grouped into three categories: normal BMI (BMI less than 25), overweight BMI (BMI between 25 and 30), and obese BMI (BMI greater than 30). Elevated body mass index (BMI) and increased abdominal girth are associated with vitreous pressure during cataract surgery. Surgeons at our institution do not use the standing phaco-emulsification technique.[3] Patients with a BMI classification of obese undergo cataract surgery at a younger age and are more likely to have diabetic retinopathy. [Extracted from the article]

Some of the newly diagnosed NV-AMD patients could have converted from iAMD to NV-AMD since their last visit with the outside eye care provider. However, 33% of enrollees self-reported eAMD or iAMD but had other ocular pathology, mostly geographic atrophy (GA) or neovascular AMD (NV-AMD). The use of social and digital media to recruit patients with early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: To determine whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR) is independent risk factor for posterior capsular rupture (PCR) during cataract surgery. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from 2014 to 2019. Patients from the University of Colorado Cataract Outcomes Database who had undergone phacoemulsification cataract surgery were included. Patients with traumatic, congenital or polar cataracts, type 1 diabetes or less than 18 years old were excluded. The primary outcome was incidence of PCR during surgery in patients with T2DM with and without DR, accounting for previous intravitreal anti‐VEGF injections (IVI). Results: A total of 6636 patients were included. A PCR occurred in 59 (0.5%) of 10 893 eyes studied: 35 (0.4%) eyes in patients without diabetes, comparatively to 13 (0.7%) eyes with T2DM without DR (p = 0.142) and 11 (1.8%) eyes with DR (p < 0.0001). All groups with previous IVI demonstrated a significant increase in PCR compared with eyes without IVI or T2DM. In the absence of IVI, T2DM without DR was not significant (p = 0.520), but T2DM with DR had a significantly increased risk of PCR in univariate analysis (OR 3.55, 95% CI: 1.49,8.50, p = 0.004) and an increased risk of borderline significance in multivariate analysis (AOR 2.33, 95% CI: 0.98, 5.56, p = 0.056). Conclusion: Previous IVI is an independent risk factor for PCR. Diabetic retinopathy without previous IVI is likely a risk factor but was of borderline significance due to small sample size. Consideration of PCR risk should be given during surgical planning for patients with DR and/or previous IVI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the risk of intraoperative complications during cataract surgery in eyes with a prior vitrectomy. Methods: A retrospective review of data from our cataract surgery registry of all patients undergoing cataract surgery between 2014 and 2018 at the University of Colorado Hospital. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted, accounting for intra‐patient correlation in subjects who underwent two cataract surgeries. The three main outcomes of interest, zonulopathy, posterior capsule (PC) tears and dropped lens fragments, were analysed for their association with prior pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and clinical characteristics of patients such as history of prior intravitreal injection and surgeon level of experience. Results: 10 540 eyes of 6447 patients were included in the analysis. 371 (3.5%) eyes had a prior PPV. Eyes with a prior PPV experienced more zonulopathy during cataract surgery (adjusted OR 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.3–3.7, p = 0.002). Combined phacoemulsification/PPV were significantly more likely to experience all 3 complications, and this effect was even greater for eyes with a prior PPV. Conclusions: All complications were rare; however, there was a significant association with prior PPV and intraoperative zonulopathy. Cataract surgeons must be aware of a patient's prior vitrectomy and plan accordingly for the increased risk of intraoperative complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess visual function among patients diagnosed with age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) by stage of disease and laterality. Methods: This is a cross‐sectional cohort study of 739 AMD patients and their responses to the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire‐25 (NEI VFQ‐25) at time of study enrolment. Patients with AMD were categorized into Early/Intermediate AMD and three groups of advanced AMD: (i) neovascular AMD (NV), (ii) geographic atrophy (GA) and (iii) Both Advanced forms. These three advanced stages were further stratified into unilateral or bilateral advanced disease. Mean composite scores and subscale scores for 12 different areas were based on a 100‐point scale with the lowest and highest possible scores set at 0 and 100, respectively. Scores for the advanced AMD groups were compared with Early/Intermediate AMD using general linear modelling. Results: A total of 739 AMD patients (294 Early/Intermediate, 115 GA, 168 NVAMD and 162 Both Advanced) were included in the analysis. Mean composite scores were highest among Early/Intermediate patients (89.9), followed by patients diagnosed with unilateral disease in the Both Advanced (88.0) and NV (86.1) groups. Mean composite scores were similar for bilateral NV (82.9) and unilateral GA (81.7), and mean scores were lowest for the bilateral GA (71.3) and bilateral Both Advanced (68.5) groups. In general, this pattern persisted across the twelve subscales as well. Subscale scores ranged from a low of 35.1 for driving among bilateral Both Advanced patients to a high of 99.2 for colour vision among patients with unilateral Both Advanced. Overall, patients with unilateral advanced disease consistently had higher mean scores than their bilateral counterparts. The largest difference was 19.5 composite score points between the unilateral and bilateral Both Advanced groups, there was a difference of 10.4 points between the GA groups, and a relatively small difference of 3.2 points between the NV groups. Conclusions: We found large differences in visual function as reported from the VFQ‐25 across the different types of advanced stage AMD groups and number of eyes affected with advanced AMD. These findings demonstrate the importance of accounting for the type and number of eyes affected by advanced stage AMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare prediction errors of the Barrett True K No History (Barrett TKNH) formula and intraoperative aberrometry (IA) in eyes with prior radial keratotomy (RK). Methods: A retrospective, non‐randomized study of all patients with RK who underwent cataract surgery using IA at the UCHealth Sue Anschutz‐Rodgers Eye Center from 2014 to 2019 was conducted. Refraction prediction error (RPE) for IA and Barrett TKNH was compared. General linear modelling accounting for the correlation between eyes was used to determine whether absolute RPE differed significantly between Barrett TKNH and IA. Outcome by number of RK cuts was also compared between the two methods. Results: Forty‐seven eyes (31 patients) were included. The mean RPEs for Barrett TKNH and IA were 0.04 ± 0.92D and 0.01 ± 0.92D, respectively, neither was significantly different than zero (p = 0.77, p = 0.91). The median absolute RPEs were 0.50D and 0.48D, respectively (p = 0.70). The refractive outcome fell within ± 0.50D of prediction for 51.1% of eyes with Barrett TKNH and 55.3% with IA, and 80.8% were within ± 1.00D for both techniques. Mean absolute RPE increased with a higher number of RK cuts (grouped into < 8 cuts and ≥ 8 cuts) for both Barrett TKNH (0.35D and 0.74D, p = 0.008) and IA (0.30D and 0.80D, p = 0.0001). Conclusions: There is no statistically significant difference between Barrett TKNH and IA in predicting postoperative refractive error in eyes with prior RK. Both are reasonable methods for choosing intraocular lens power. Eyes with more RK cuts have higher prediction errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]