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Aerial scene recognition (ASR) has attracted great attention due to its increasingly essential applications. Most of the ASR methods adopt the multi‐scale architecture because both global and local features play great roles in ASR. However, the existing multi‐scale methods neglect the effective interactions among different scales and various spatial locations when fusing global and local features, leading to a limited ability to deal with challenges of large‐scale variation and complex background in aerial scene images. In addition, existing methods may suffer from poor generalisations due to millions of to‐be‐learnt parameters and inconsistent predictions between global and local features. To tackle these problems, this study proposes a scale‐wise interaction fusion and knowledge distillation (SIF‐KD) network for learning robust and discriminative features with scale‐invariance and background‐independent information. The main highlights of this study include two aspects. On the one hand, a global‐local features collaborative learning scheme is devised for extracting scale‐invariance features so as to tackle the large‐scale variation problem in aerial scene images. Specifically, a plug‐and‐play multi‐scale context attention fusion module is proposed for collaboratively fusing the context information between global and local features. On the other hand, a scale‐wise knowledge distillation scheme is proposed to produce more consistent predictions by distilling the predictive distribution between different scales during training. Comprehensive experimental results show the proposed SIF‐KD network achieves the best overall accuracy with 99.68%, 98.74% and 95.47% on the UCM, AID and NWPU‐RESISC45 datasets, respectively, compared with state of the arts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Removal of trace impurities for natural gas purification coupled with waste gas conversion is highly desired in industry. We here report a type of porous ionic liquids (PILs) that can realize the continuous flow separation of CH4/CO2/H2S and the conversion of the captured H2S to useful products. The PILs are synthesized through a step‐by‐step surface modification of ionic liquids (ILs) onto UiO‐66‐OH nanocrystals. The introduction of free tertiary amine groups on the nanocrystal surface endows these PILs with an exceptional ability to enrich H2S from CO2 and CH4 with impressive selectivity, while the permanent pores of UiO‐66‐OH act as containers to store an exceptionally higher amount of the selectively captured H2S than the corresponding nonporous ILs. Simultaneously, the tertiary amines as dual functional moieties offer effective catalytic sites for the conversion of the H2S stored in PILs into 3‐mercaptoisobutyric acid, a key intermediate required for the synthesis of Captopril (an antihypertensive drug). Molecular dynamics, density functional theory calculations and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations help understand both the mechanisms of separation and catalysis performance, confirming that the tertiary amines as well as the permanent pores in UiO‐66‐OH play vital roles in the whole procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Recombination is crucial for crop breeding because it can break linkage drag and generate novel allele combinations. However, the high‐resolution recombination landscape and its driving forces in soybean are largely unknown. Here, we constructed eight recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations and genotyped individual lines using the high‐density 600K SoySNP array, which yielded a high‐resolution recombination map with 5636 recombination sites at a resolution of 1.37 kb. The recombination rate was negatively correlated with transposable element density and GC content but positively correlated with gene density. Interestingly, we found that meiotic recombination was enriched at the promoters of active genes. Further investigations revealed that chromatin accessibility and active epigenetic modifications promoted recombination. Our findings provide important insights into the control of homologous recombination and thus will increase our ability to accelerate soybean breeding by manipulating meiotic recombination rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous liquids (PLs), an emerging type of flowing liquid materials that combine the merits of porous solids and flowing liquids, have garnered immense attention since the concept of PLs was proposed in 2007. Meanwhile, PLs have witnessed growing success in versatile synthesis strategies and emerging applications, especially since 2017. Given the lack of a timely comprehensive review, developing a prompt summary with a comprehensive understanding is undoubtedly urgent. Thus, this critical review offers a comprehensive summary of the progress in fundamental chemistry, developmental history, synthetic strategies, and emerging applications of PLs. First, the fundamental chemistry and developmental history are reviewed. Then, the synthesis strategies of PLs are highlighted. Additionally, crosscutting studies of pure theoretical simulations are reviewed. Meanwhile, the daunting characterization issues of PLs are analyzed. Next, the state‐of‐the‐art of PLs applications is reviewed in detail. In the end, perspectives regarding the remaining challenges and future directions for PLs are presented. It is speculated that this critical comprehensive review of PLs could inspire scientific communities who focus on the task‐specific materials for various applications, such as gas sorption, membrane separation, catalytic conversion, chiral separation, thermal management and electrolyte, and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]