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In this concept, we showcase the upsurge in the studies of dynamic ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials containing inorganic and/or organic components as versatile photo‐responsive platforms. The goal is to provide a comprehensive analysis of photo‐controllable RTP, and meanwhile delve into the underlying RTP properties of various classes of photochromic materials including metal‐organic complexes, organic‐inorganic co‐crystals, purely organic small molecules and organic polymers. In particular, the design principles governing the integration of the photochromic and RTP moieties within a single material system, and the tuning of dynamic RTP in response to light are emphasized. As such, this concept sheds light on the challenges and opportunities of using these tunable RTP materials for potential applications in optoelectronics, particularly highlighting their use of reversible information encryption, erasable light printing and rewritable smart paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the lack of corresponding magmatic records, the timing of the opening of the Yarlung–Tsangpo Neo‐Tethyan Ocean remains controversial. The Middle Permian Luerma igneous complex, which is situated in the western Gangdese magmatic belt of the southern Lhasa subterrane, western Tibet, can be divided into four or more rock types, including foid gabbro, amphibole gabbro, monzogabbro, and pyroxene‐bearing monzodiorite. Through zircon U–Pb dating using laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry, the age of the Luerma igneous complex is determined to be ~261 Ma. The complex is rich in titanium, iron, magnesium, and total alkalis, with medium to high levels of calcium, potassium and aluminium, as well as low levels of silicon. Therefore, it is classified as a shoshonite–latite rock series. The complex is relatively enriched in light rare earth elements and high‐field‐strength elements, without obvious Eu and Ce anomalies. These rocks exhibit relatively low (87Sr/86Sr)i values, high εNd(t) values, and high εHf(t) values. The geochemical and isotopic characteristics indicate that the magmas are derived from partial melting of the upper mantle in an intraplate tectonic environment. The new data presented here provide supplementary evidence for the initial rifting of the Lhasa terrane from the northern margin of Gondwana during the Middle Permian. These data also confirm that the opening of the Yarlung–Tsangpo Neo‐Tethyan Ocean occurred in the Middle Permian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glassy materials, with desirable mechanical rigidity, shaping ability, high transparency, are attracting great interest in diverse fields. However, optically bulk molecule‐based glasses are still rare, mainly due to limited monomeric species and harsh preparation conditions. Herein, we report a facile bottom‐up solution fabrication process to obtain metal‐free supramolecular glasses (SMGs) at the macroscopic scale using L‐Histidine and hexamethylenetetramine as building blocks. The chiral SMGs possess color‐tunable ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (decay lifetime up to 141.2 ms) and circular polarized luminescence (g factor up to 8.7×10−3). The strong hydrogen bonds effectively drive the formation of SMGs, and provide a rigid microenvironment to boost triplet exciton generation. By virtue of excitation‐ and temperature‐dependent ultralong phosphorescence of the SMGs, applications including multicolored displays, visual UV detection, and persistently luminescent thermometer are demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on Chinese manufacturing firms' financialization and servitization. Using a difference‐in‐differences approach with propensity score matching, we found that OFDI encouraged firms' financial and service activities. The effects of OFDI on financialization were stronger for firms specializing in short‐term financial assets, operating in labor and technology‐intensive sectors, investing overseas to pursue production, resources and markets there, and investing in non‐OECD and Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries. Meanwhile, firms investing overseas were more likely to provide services at the sale or postsale stages. Outward foreign direct investment has also boosted the service activities of firms operating in the technology‐intensive sector by investing overseas to seek resources and markets, as well as investing in non‐OECD and BRI countries. Finally, OFDI partially influenced the extent of financialization and servitization of firms by affecting their profit‐making ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New zircon reference materials for in situ zircon radiogenic Hf isotope and stable Zr isotopic determinations made by laser ablation multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS) are required due to high data productivity and consequently high reference material consumption rate. This study examines a new natural zircon for Zr isotope ratios by double spike thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS), and for Hf isotopes by bulk solution nebuliser (SN)‐MC‐ICP‐MS with both Zr and Hf determined by LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS. A total of five zirconium isotope measurements from drilled zircons, determined by TIMS, yield a mean δ94/90ZrIPGP‐Zr value of ‐0.09 ± 0.06‰ (2s). Five and eight hafnium isotope measurements for powders from the drilled zircons and Ban‐1‐4 by SN‐MC‐ICP‐MS, yield mean 176Hf/177Hf ratios of 0.282985 ± 0.000011 (2s) and 0.282982 ± 0.000007 (2s), respectively. The mean δ94/90ZrIPGP‐Zr value and 176Hf/177Hf ratio determined by LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS analyses are ‐0.06 ± 0.09‰ (2s, n = 504) and 0.282985 ± 0.000035 (2s, n = 327), respectively. The isotopic homogeneities suggest that the Ban‐1 zircon is a suitable reference material for microbeam Zr and Hf isotopic measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is of great significance to design highly efficient electrocatalysts with abundant earth elements instead of precious metals for water splitting. Herein, Mo‐doped NiFe‐layered double hydroxides/NiSe heterostructure (Mo‐NiFe LDH/NiSe) was fabricated by coupling Mo‐doped NiFe LDH and NiSe on nickel foam (NF). The heterostructure electrocatalyst showed ultra‐low overpotential (250 mV) and remarkable durability for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 150 mA cm−2. Both theoretical and experimental results confirmed that Mo doping and interfacial synergism induced the interfacial charge redistribution and the lifted d‐band center to weaken the energy barrier (EB) of the formation of OOH*. Mo doping also facilitated the surface reconstruction of NiFe LDH into Ni(Fe)OOH as the active sites under electro‐oxidation process. This work provides a facile strategy for electronic modulation and surface reconstruction of OER electrocatalyst by transition metal doping and heterostructure generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blueberry anthocyanins are the major active ingredients of blueberry with a variety of biological activities. The scale extraction and separation of blueberry anthocyanins could contribute to their application in drugs, cosmetics, food additives and so on. In this study, using combined technologies to high-efficient extraction and separation of blueberry anthocyanins was developed. Under the optimum extraction conditions of first 0.3% cellulose and pectinase with 2:1 (m/m) at 37 °C for 4 h and then 1% citric acid-acidified 75% (v/v) ethanol at 37 °C for 6 h, as high as 25% extraction rate of blueberry anthocyanins was obtained. By ethyl acetate extraction in triplicate and then D101 resin column chromatography, up to 49.6% purity of blueberry anthocyanins was obtained based on UV-vis analysis. The scale-up extraction and separation of blueberry anthocyanins were carried out. This method was simple but effective, and easy scalable at industrial purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel flower like 3D nickel/manganese dioxide (Ni/MnO2) nanocomposite was synthesized by a kind of simple electrochemical method and the formation mechanism of flower like structure was also researched. In addition, morphology and composition of the nanocomposite were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Then the Ni/MnO2 nanocomposites were applied to fabricate electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensor. The electrochemical investigation for the sensor indicated that it possessed an excellent electrocatalytic property for glucose, and could applied to the quantification of glucose with a linear range from 2.5×10−7 to 3.5×10−3 M, a sensitivity of 1.04 mA mM−1 cm−2, and a detection limit of 1×10−7 M ( S/N=3). The proposed sensor also presented attractive features such as interference-free, and long-term stability. The present study provided a general platform for the one-step synthesis of nanomaterials with novel structure and can be extended to other optical, electronic and magnetic nanocompounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Polyimide (PI) as a typical glassy polymer material was investigated by molecular simulation to reveal the relationship between polymer molecular structure and its gas separation properties. The influences of van der waals volume ( Vw) on CO2 permselectivity of PI polymers (with four kinds of backbone substitute groups and a series of side substitute groups from small to large volume) and Vw was proposed as an intermediate to establish the relationship between the substitute group and permselectivity. The results show that the CO2 permeability ( P) simply increases and CO2/N2 selectivity ( S) decreases with the increasing Vw of side substitute groups. The linear fitline of P-Vw is much suitable to describe and predict the effect of the increasing Vw of side substitute group on improving permeability by analyzing the experimental and calculated CO2 permeability. The increasing Vw of backbone substitute group can slow down the increasing of CO2 permeability, but result in the decreasing first and then recovering to the original level. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 41082. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Kejie pluton is located in the north of the Changning-Menglian suture zone. The rock types are mainly biotite-granite. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating indicates that the Kejie pluton emplaced at about 80-77 Ma, Late Cretaceous. The Kejie pluton samples are characterized by high SiO2 (71.68%-72.47%), K2O (4.73%-5.54%), total alkali (K2O + Na2O = 8.21%-8.53%), K2O/Na2O ratios (1.36-1.94) and low P2O5 (0.13%-0.17%), with A/CNK of 1.025-1.055; enriched in U, Th, and K, depleted in Ba, Nb, Sr, Ti, P and Eu. They are highly fractionated, slightly pet aluminous I-type granite. The two samples of the Kejie pluton give a large variation of εHf( t) values (-5.04 to 1.96) and Hf isotope crustal model ages of 1.16-1.5 Ga. Zircon Hf isotopes and zircon saturation temperatures of whole-rock (801°C-823°C) show that the mantle-derived materials maybe have played a vital role in the generation of the Kejie pluton. The Kejie pluton was most likely generated in a setting associated with the eastward subduction of the neo-Tethys ocean, where intrusion of mantle wedge basaltic magmas in the crust caused the anatexis of the latter, forming hybrid melts, which subsequently experienced high-degree fractional crystallization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Tanshinol borneol ester (DBZ), a chemical combination of danshensu and borneol, is an experimental drug that exhibits efficacious anti-ischemic activity in animal models. In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of DBZ was established based on the inhibitory effect of DBZ on the CL signal produced from the reaction between potassium permanganate and luminol in alkaline solution. The CL intensity responded linearly to the concentration of DBZ in the range 2.0 × 10-10 to 4.0 × 10-8 g/mL with a detection limit of 7 × 10−11 g/mL. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.8% for 4.0 × 10−9 g DBZ ( n = 11). The proposed method showed characteristics of high sensitivity, simple device and quick. In addition, this proposed method had been applied satisfactorily to the analysis of DBZ in blood. The pharmacokinetics of DBZ in rat has also been studied using the CL method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on nickel hydroxide and intercalated graphene with ionic liquid (G-IL) nanocomposite modified glass carbon electrode was fabricated. Scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of the nanocomposite confirmed the morphology and ingredient of Ni(OH)2 as well as G-IL. Moreover, experimental results of cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronoamperometry indicated the sensing properties of Ni(OH)2 at Ni(OH)2/G-IL modified electrode towards the typical electrocatalytic oxidation process of glucose at 0.43 V in 0.10 M NaOH. The current response was linearly related to glucose concentration in a range from 0.5 to 500 μM with a detection limit of 0.2 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 647.8 μA mM−1 cm−2. The response time of the sensor to glucose was less than 2 s. This work may be expected to develop an excellent electrochemical sensing platform of G-IL as a catalysis carrier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new chemiluminescence (CL) reaction was observed when cerium(IV) solution was injected into bromhexine hydrochloride-morin solution. Based on this, a flow-injection CL method for the determination of bromhexine hydrochloride was established. A possible mechanism of the CL reaction was proposed via the investigation of the CL kinetic characteristics, the CL spectrum and the fluorescence spectra of some related substances. Under optimum conditions, the CL signal was correlated linearly with concentration of bromhexine hydrochloride over the range 2.0 × 10-9-2.0 × 10-7 g/mL, with a linear correlation of 0.9995. The detection limit was 9 × 10-10 g/mL bromhexine hydrochloride and the relative standard deviation was 1.0% ( c = 2.0 × 10-8 g/mL bromhexine hydrochloride, n = 11). The method was applied to the determination of bromhexine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations and human urine samples with satisfactory results. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemiluminescence (CL) was observed when calcein reacted with potassium ferricyanide. Several metal ions and organic compounds could enhance this CL signal. The possible mechanisms for the CL reactions and the enhancement effect were investigated via studies of the CL kinetic characteristics, the CL spectra of some related reactions, the UV absorption spectra and the fluorescence spectra of some substances. The merits of figures for some substances with CL activity were obtained. A new CL system with calcein as the CL reagent was preliminarily established. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction between soluble Mn(IV) and tamoxifen can produce chemiluminescence and formaldehyde can enhance this chemiluminescence reaction. A tamoxifen molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized and its adsorption selectivity to tamoxifen in aqueous solution was evaluated. Using a synthesized tamoxifen MIP as the recognition material and a soluble Mn(IV)-formaldehyde-tamoxifen chemiluminesence system as the detection system, a new molecule imprinting-chemiluminesence method of determination of tamoxifen was established. The response range of this method was 1.0 × 10−7-6.0 × 10−6 g/mL, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.997. The detection limit was 4 × 10−8 g/mL. The relative standard deviation for 5.0 × 10−7 g/mL tamoxifen solution was 4.1% ( n = 9). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the rhenium–osmium dating of Auriferous Pyrite in the god deposit Suoluogou in Sichuan Province, China. It includes information on gold deposit prospecting in the Ganzi-Litang suture zone, goldexploration in Sichuan Province, and gold ore types including ultramaficrock, alterated basalt, alterated slate.