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After 15 years of intense research on the risks of nanomaterials, the evaluation of specific nanomaterials is still difficult. The more research is performed, the more studies which demonstrate critical effects of nanomaterials are published. In this regard, it should be noted that most published studies do not show usable toxicological results, although these are well-cited as such and appear as headlines in the daily press. There is a lack of reliability of the scientific data, especially for nanosafety research. Here, this statement is illustrated by examples and solutions are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After 15 years of intense research on the risks of nanomaterials, the evaluation of specific nanomaterials is still difficult. The more research is performed, the more studies which demonstrate critical effects of nanomaterials are published. In this regard, it should be noted that most published studies do not show usable toxicological results, although these are well-cited as such and appear as headlines in the daily press. There is a lack of reliability of the scientific data, especially for nanosafety research. Here, this statement is illustrated by examples and solutions are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Lpx1p (systematic name: Yor084wp) is a peroxisomal protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1) and a lipase motif. Using mass spectrometry, we have identified Lpx1p as present in peroxisomes, and show that Lpx1p import is dependent on the PTS1 receptor Pex5p. We provide evidence that Lpx1p is piggyback-transported into peroxisomes. We have expressed the Lpx1p protein in Escherichia coli, and show that the enzyme exerts acyl hydrolase and phospholipase A activity in vitro. However, the protein is not required for wild-type-like steady-state function of peroxisomes, which might be indicative of a metabolic rather than a biogenetic role. Interestingly, peroxisomes in deletion mutants of LPX1 have an aberrant morphology characterized by intraperoxisomal vesicles or invaginations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]