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Summary Background: The dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) is a common form of regional anaesthesia for circumcisions in children. The safety of this block has been questioned following several case reports of potentially serious complications. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all the incidents related to the conduct of this block in our institution over a period of 53 months. Results: A total of 3909 circumcisions were performed under DPNB and nine incidents were recorded. This included two cases of bleeding from the prepuce, two urethral injuries, three haematomas and two drug errors. Two cases required further surgical intervention but all of the patients recovered with no apparent long-term sequelae. Conclusions: We feel that the DPNB is a safe technique for circumcisions in infants and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granular cell tumour (GCT) is a benign soft tissue neoplasm considered to be of Schwann cell origin. Its malignant counterpart is extremely rare, accounting for 1-2% of all GCT. Traditionally, the presence of metastasis has been considered the most important criterion in defining malignancy. Although histological criteria for malignancy have been established, not all malignant GCT metastasize. While cytomorphological features of benign GCT have been well described, there are only a few reports of the cytology of malignant GCT. Herein, we detail a case of metastatic malignant GCT diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) with confirmation by histology, immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural studies. The literature on the cytomorphology of this rare entity is reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes a case of primary nodal follicular lymphoma (FL) with spindle cells in a 59-year-old woman with a history of right cervical lynphadenopathy. It notes that the case presents a possible histological diagnostic pitfall due to the spindle cell component, which, in this case, appeared morphologically aggressive with necrosis. It also cites the factors influencing the pathogenesis or transformation of FL.

A letter to the editor is presented regarding the analysis of Y chromosomal genotype and the expression profile of TSPY and OCT3/4.